JPH01203681A - Scroll type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease wearing in a scroll sliding part by connecting a suction chamber of a fixed scroll to communicate with a lubrication chamber in the bottom part of an enclosed vessel through a pipe and opening and closing it by a superconductor arranged so as to be opposed facing to a permanent magnet. CONSTITUTION:A suction chamber 12 of a fixed scroll 1 communicates with a lubricating oil chamber 22 in the bottom part of an enclosed vessel 10 through a pipe 23, and providing in its bottom end part a permanent magnet 25 to be arranged and a superconductor 24 to be arranged so as to be opposed facing to the permanent magnet 25, the superconductor 24 is pressed by a spring 26 in a direction of the permanent magnet 25. In case of cold time starting with lubricating oil 21 in a low temperature, because the superconductor 24 is repulsed by the permanent magnet 25 by a Meissner effect, the pipe 23 is placed in an opened condition, and the oil can be promptly supplied to the suction chamber 12 in the time of cold time starting. Accordingly, a scroll sliding part reduces its wear, and a decrease of EER due to increasing mechanical loss can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used as a refrigerant compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning, refrigerators, and the like.

Conventional technology The basic structure, lubrication method, etc. will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. For ease of explanation, solid line arrows indicate the flow direction of the working gas.

A dashed arrow indicates the direction of flow of lubricating oil.

FIG. 3 shows the overall construction of a conventional hermetic scroll compressor for air conditioners. The compressor includes both scrolls, a fixed scroll 1 and an orbiting scroll 2, which are compression element parts, an anti-rotation member 3 that prevents rotation of the orbiting scroll 2, and a main shaft 4.
．． It is comprised of three bearing parts that support this, namely a swing bearing 6, a main bearing 6, an auxiliary bearing 7, an electric motor 8, and a block 9 of a stationary member that fixes the fixed scroll 1. These components are housed inside the closed container 1o.

The operation of the compressor will be explained according to the flow of refrigerant gas and the flow of lubricating oil.

The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas is guided from the suction pipe 11 and reaches the suction chamber 12 within the fixed scroll 1 . As shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerant gas that has reached the compression element is moved into a closed space 13a formed by a single scroll due to the orbital movement of the orbiting scroll 2, which is prevented from rotating on its own axis.

As the refrigerant gas 13b gradually contracts and moves to the center of the scroll, the pressure of the refrigerant gas is increased and the refrigerant gas is discharged from the central discharge hole 14. The discharged high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas fills the space 18 around the electric motor via the container space 16 and communication passages 16 and 17 in the closed container 1o, and is led to the outside via the discharge pipe 19.

On the other hand, a back pressure chamber 2o, which is a space surrounded by the back surface of the orbiting scroll 2 and the block 9, has a back pressure chamber 2o that resists the gas force in the thrust direction due to the gas pressure in a plurality of sealed spaces formed by both the orbiting and fixed scrolls. Therefore, a pressure between suction pressure and discharge pressure acts. This intermediate pressure can be set by providing the fine holes 2b and 2c in the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 at positions that communicate the suction chamber 12 and the back pressure chamber 20 of the fixed scroll 1, thereby adjusting the discharge pressure to an intermediate value between the suction pressure and the suction pressure. This is done by applying gas force to the back surface of the orbiting scroll 2.

Next, the flow of lubricating oil will be explained.

The lubricating oil 21 is stored in a lubricating oil chamber 22 at the bottom of the closed container 10. The lower end of the main shaft 4 is immersed in the oil at the bottom of the container, and the upper part of the main shaft is provided with an eccentric shaft portion 4ai. It matches. The main shaft 4 has an eccentric vertical hole 4a formed from the lower end of the main shaft to the upper end surface of the main shaft for supplying oil to each bearing section. Main shaft 4 immersed in lubricating oil chamber 22
The lower end is in an atmosphere with a discharge output (Pd) of sieve pressure, and the downstream part 9 of the swing bearing 5 is in an atmosphere with an intermediate pressure (Pm), so the pressure difference of (Pd - Pm) lubricates the bottom of the container. The oil 21 rises inside the vertical hole 4b.

The lubricating oil that has ascended through the vertical hole 4b is transferred to the auxiliary bearing 7. Main bearing etc.
Furthermore, oil is supplied to the swing bearing 6 and drained into the back pressure chamber 2Q through the respective bearing gaps. The lubricating oil that has reached the back pressure chamber 20 passes through the fixed scroll 1 through the pores 2b and 2c'i.
The refrigerant gas is injected into the suction chamber 12 of the refrigerant gas and mixed with the refrigerant gas.

Next, the lubricating oil together with the refrigerant gas receives a boost in pressure from the discharge hole 14. The discharge outlet 16 further moves to the motor room 18 via communication passages 16, 17'ii. The lubricating oil that has reached the motor chamber 18 falls to the bottom of the container 1o due to its own weight, and is again stored in the lubricating oil chamber 22 at the bottom of the container, where it is used to lubricate various parts.

In the scroll compressor configured as described above, oil is supplied to the working chamber formed by the identification scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2 from the back pressure i20 of the fixed scroll 1 through the pores 2b and 2ci of the orbiting scroll 2. This is done by supplying lubricating oil to the suction chamber 12.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, oil is supplied to the working chamber through the pores 2b and 2c of the orbiting scroll 2.
When the temperature of the lubricating oil is low, that is, when the viscosity of the lubricating oil is high, there is a large resistance in the pores 2b and 2c, and the lubricating oil is not smoothly supplied from the back pressure chamber 2o to the suction chamber 12, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil is high. This increases wear on the scroll sliding parts, increases mechanical loss, and causes a decrease in EER (energy consumption efficiency).

The above problem occurs when the lubricating oil temperature is low.
That is, this is the time of startup when the temperature of the lubricating oil chamber 22 is low, that is, the time of so-called cold startup. Activation when the temperature of the lubricating oil chamber 22 is high,
That is, in the hot start, the temperature of the lubricating oil is high and its viscosity is round, so the lubricating oil smoothly passes through the pores 2b and 2cf and flows into the suction chamber 12, thereby appropriately lubricating the scroll sliding portion.

In addition, by enlarging the above-mentioned pores 2b and 2c to quickly supply oil during cold start-up, the problem at the initial startup stage can be solved. The resistance to the suction chamber 12 becomes smaller, and the stable pressure in the back pressure chamber 2o decreases, causing the orbiting scroll 2 to fall downward, causing poor compression.

The present invention solves these conventional problems and provides a scroll compressor that has a simple configuration and can supply oil to the working chamber during cold startup.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the suction chamber of the fixed scroll of the present invention and the lubricating oil chamber at the bottom of the sealed container are connected by a pipe, and the control of the valve that opens and closes the same is performed using a permanent magnet and a superconductor. It was designed to be done with the body.

With this configuration, immediately after the start of operation, the temperature of the lubricating oil is low, so the superconductor opens the pipe between the lubricating oil chamber and the suction chamber due to the Meissner effect, and the first working chamber can be quickly supplied with lubricant.

The wear of the scroll sliding part in the working chamber is reduced.

A decrease in EER can be prevented. Also, when the operating chamber becomes sufficiently lubricated due to driving conditions, differential pressure lubricating, etc.

The Meissner effect of the superconductor disappears due to the heat generated by discharged gas and sliding, and the pipe from the lubricating oil chamber to the suction chamber is closed, thereby preventing sliding loss due to excessive oil supply.

Embodiment Hereinafter, one embodiment of the scroll compressor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 and 2). In FIG. 1, the same parts as in FIGS. 3 and 4 of the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals.

1 and 2, 23 is a pipe that communicates the suction chamber 12 of the fixed scroll 1 with the lubricating oil chamber 22 at the bottom of the closed container 1o, 24 is a superconductor that opens and closes the pipe 23, and 26 is a A permanent magnet is arranged to face the superconductor 24, and 26 is a spring arranged to press the superconductor toward the permanent magnet.

In the scroll compressor configured as above,
In the case of so-called cold startup, in which the temperature of the lubricating oil 21 placed in the lubricating oil chamber 22 is low, the superconductor 24 repels the permanent magnet 26 due to the Meissner effect, so the pipe 23 is in an open state and the lubricating oil chamber 22 The lubricating oil 21 is guided to the suction chamber inlet by the pressure difference between the suppressed pressure and the low pressure at the suction chamber inlet. As a result, as the operating time passes, the temperature of the lubricating oil 21 in the lubricating oil chamber 22 increases due to the temperature of the discharged gas or due to military service such as sliding, the Meissner effect of the superconductor 24 is lost, and the spring 26 is Pipe 2 stretches and pushes up superconductor 24
3 is closed, the lubricating oil chamber 22 and the suction chamber 12 are no longer communicated with each other, and the lubricating oil 21 in the lubricating oil chamber 22 is no longer guided to the suction chamber opening. At that time, the lubricating oil with lower viscosity in the back pressure chamber 20 is quickly transferred to the suction chamber through the small holes 2b and 2c provided in the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 because the resistance in the small holes 2b and 2c is small. Guided by 12.

On the other hand, when the temperature of the lubricating oil chamber 22 is high, so-called hot startup, the pipe 23 is closed by the superconductor 24, and the lubricating oil chamber 22 and the suction chamber 12 are not communicated with each other, and the temperature of the oil is high and the viscosity is low. Since the resistance is low, the resistance at the pores 2b and 2c becomes small and the oil is quickly guided to the suction chamber 12. During stable operation, the pipe 23 is sealed, so the high temperature and high pressure lubricating oil 2
1 is not directly introduced into the suction chamber 12, so that the volumetric efficiency is not deteriorated. Note that 5rBaYCu307-δ is known as a material that exhibits superconductivity near room temperature.

During production, first, the seating material powder is pulverized and mixed. It is calcined at 920°C in air for 6 hours and then ground, and the process is repeated three times. The powder is shaped, sintered by heating in 100° C. air for 5 hours, and cooled in a furnace. The sintered body produced in this way was heated to 338K (e s'c
) indicates superconductivity. (Ino U et al., Japanese Journal Op Applied Physics (LAPAN)
ESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED
PHYSIC8, Vol.

26, gB, August, 1987, PP
, 167-171).

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention communicates the suction chamber of the fixed scroll with the lubricating oil chamber at the bottom of the sealed container through a pipe, and opens and closes the suction chamber of the fixed scroll by using a superconductor disposed to face a permanent magnet. , the suction chamber can be refueled completely and quickly during cold start-up, and sufficient oil can be supplied to the scroll sliding parts for lubrication, reducing wear on the scroll sliding parts and reducing increased mechanical loss. A decrease in EER can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic scroll compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the vicinity of the shape memory alloy spring in the lubricating oil chamber of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional hermetic scroll compressor, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the meshing state of the scrolls. 1... Fixed scroll %2... Rotating scroll. 2a...End plate, 10...Airtight container, 1
2... Suction chamber, 22... Lubricating oil chamber, 2
3...Pipe, 24...Superconductor, 2
6...Permanent magnet. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshi Nakao Haga 1 person 1-
Identification scroll figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a closed container, a fixed scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate are engaged with each other with the wraps facing each other, and the scroll rotates so as not to apparently rotate relative to the fixed scroll. The scroll rotates, and a pipe connects the suction chamber of the fixed scroll to the lubricating oil chamber at the bottom of the sealed container. A superconductor controls a valve that opens and closes the suction chamber, and a permanent magnet is placed opposite the superconductor. Scroll type compressor.