JPH01203682A - Scroll type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease wear of an end plate by providing grooves of outer and inner side directions in an annular groove on an end plate of a turning scroll and variably generating passing resistance of the groove in the inner side direction by a superconductor and a permanent magnet. CONSTITUTION:A groove 24 of outer side direction and a groove 25 of inner side direction are provided in an annular groove 23 in an end plate 2a of a turning scroll 2. A fixed scroll 1 and the turning scroll 2 arrange a permanent magnet 27 and a superconductor 26 to be opposed variably generating passage resistance of the groove 25 of inner side direction. Thus immediately after starting operation, the superconductor 26, by its Meissner effect, is repulsed by the permanent magnet 27, decreasing the passage resistance of the groove 25 of inner side direction. Accordingly, a pressure in a back pressure chamber 20 decreases, because lubricating oil is instantaneously guided to a suction chamber 12 passing through the back pressure chamber 20 and each groove 24, 25, the end plate 2a decreases its wear, and a decrease of EER by increasing mechanical loss can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used as a refrigerant compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning, refrigerators, and the like.

Conventional technology The basic structure, lubrication method, etc. will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. In addition, for ease of explanation, solid line arrows indicating the flow direction of the working gas and broken line arrows indicating the flow direction of the lubricating oil are shown as such. FIG. 6 shows an overall configuration diagram of a conventional hermetic scroll compressor for an air conditioner. The compressor consists of a fixed scroll 1 and an orbiting scroll 20 which are compression element parts, an anti-rotation member 3 and a main shaft 4 which prevent rotation of the orbiting scroll 2, and three bearings supporting the rotation, namely, an orbiting bearing. 6, main bearing 6, auxiliary bearing 7, and electric motor 8. It is composed of a stationary member block 9 for fixing the fixed scroll 1 and the like.

These components are housed inside the closed container 10.

The flow of refrigerant gas will be explained.

The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas is guided from the suction pipe 11 and reaches the suction chamber 12 within the fixed scroll 1 . As shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant gas that has reached the compression element is moved into a closed space 13a formed by both scrolls due to the orbital movement of the orbiting scroll 2, which is prevented from rotating.

As the refrigerant gas 13b gradually contracts and moves to the center of the scroll, the pressure of the refrigerant gas is increased and the refrigerant gas is discharged from the central discharge hole 14. The discharged high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas flows through the closed container 10 at 16 degrees between the containers and through the communication path 16.・1
7 to fill the space 18 around the electric motor, and the discharge pipe 19
is led to the outside via.

On the other hand, in a back pressure chamber 20 in a space surrounded by the back surface of the orbiting scroll 2 and the block 9, both the orbiting and fixed scrolls 1,
In order to counter the gas force in the thrust direction due to the gas pressure in the plurality of sealed spaces formed by 2, a pressure intermediate between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure acts.

To set this intermediate pressure, the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 is provided with pores 2b and 2c, and the gas inside the scroll which is being compressed is guided to the back pressure chamber 2o through the pores. This is done by applying gas pressure.

Next, the flow of lubricating oil will be explained.

Lubricating oil 21 is stored in the lower part of the closed container 1o.

The lower end of the main shaft 4 is immersed in the oil at the bottom of the container, and the upper part of the main shaft is provided with an eccentric shaft section 4a, which engages with the orbiting scroll 2, which is a scroll compression element section, via an orbiting bearing 6. are doing. A vertical hole 4b for supplying oil to each bearing portion is formed in the main shaft 4 from the lower end of the main shaft to the upper end surface of the main shaft. The lower end of the main shaft 4 immersed in the lubricating oil 21 is in an atmosphere of high discharge pressure Pd, while the area around the downstream swing bearing 6 is in an atmosphere of intermediate pressure Pm, so that Pd-Pm
The lubricating oil 21 at the bottom of the container rises inside the vertical hole 4b due to the pressure difference. The lubricating oil that has ascended through the vertical hole 4b is transferred to the auxiliary bearing 7.
Oil is supplied to the main bearing 6 and further to the swing bearing 6, and is led to the back pressure chamber 2o through the respective bearing gaps. The lubricating oil that has reached the back pressure chamber 20 is injected into the working chamber formed by both scrolls 1 and 2 through the pores 2b and 2C, and is mixed with the refrigerant gas inside the scroll wrap. Next, the lubricating oil is pressurized together with the refrigerant gas, and passes through the discharge hole 14, the discharge chamber 16, and the communication passage 16, 17 to the motor chamber 18.
move to. The lubricating oil that has reached the motor chamber 18 falls to the bottom of the container 10 due to its own weight, and is again collected at the bottom of the container and used to lubricate each part.

In addition, a part of the lubricating oil discharged from the discharge hole 14 of the fixed scroll 1 accumulates in the oil reservoir 22 of the fixed scroll 1, and flows through the small hole 1b communicating with the end plate 1a of the fixed scroll 1 to the orbiting scroll 2. It falls into the annular groove 23 of the end plate part 2a, provides sliding lubrication for the end plate part 2a of the orbiting scroll 2, and the fixed scroll 1. The lap portion of the orbiting scroll 2 is lubricated.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, since the end plate portion 2a is lubricated through the pores 1b of the oil reservoir portion 22 of the fixed scroll 1, the oil reservoir portion 22 is not lubricated after the start of operation. Lubrication is only possible when oil accumulates.

Therefore, the abrasion of the end plate portion 2a increases, mechanical loss increases, and this causes a decrease in EER (energy consumption efficiency).

In addition, in order to supply oil to the end plate portion 2a and wrap portion of the orbiting scroll 2, oil supply passages from two directions, from the fixed scroll 1 and from the back pressure chamber 2o, are necessary, making the structure complicated.
The cost was high.

The present invention solves these conventional problems, and provides a scroll compressor that has a simple configuration and can instantly lubricate the end plate portion and wrap portion of the orbiting scroll at the same time after starting operation. It is something to do.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the scroll compressor of the present invention provides one or more grooves in the outer direction and the inner direction in the annular groove on the orbiting scroll end plate, and A permanent magnet is arranged to face the superconductor and the superconductor.

Effect: Immediately after the start of operation, the superconductor in the inner groove, which is the passage from the back pressure chamber to the suction chamber, reduces the passage resistance due to the Meissner effect, so the intermediate pressure in the back pressure chamber is low. Due to the pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the discharge pressure in the closed container, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the closed container rises inside the eccentric vertical hole of the main shaft instantly after the start of operation.

The rising lubricating oil is supplied to each bearing, guided to the back pressure chamber, and supplied to the orbiting scroll head plate and scroll wrap. After operation, the Meissner effect of the superconductor is lost due to heat from discharged gas and sliding, and the passage resistance of the inner groove is increased to bring the pressure in the back pressure chamber to an appropriate intermediate pressure.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the scroll compressor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 4). In addition,
In the figure, the same parts as in FIGS. 6 to 7 of the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals.

In FIGS. 1 to 4, 24 is a groove provided toward the outside of the annular groove 23 of the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2, and 26 is a groove provided toward the inside of the annular groove 23. Its end is located in the suction chamber 12. 2θ is a superconductor that changes the passage resistance of the groove 26 in the inward direction, 27
is a permanent magnet arranged to face the superconductor,
A spring 28 is arranged to press the superconductor 26 toward the permanent magnet.

In the scroll compressor configured as above,
The back pressure chamber 20 includes an outward groove 24 on the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2. Annular groove 23. Since it communicates with the suction chamber 12 via the inward groove 26, a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure acts, and by changing the passage resistance from the back pressure chamber 20 to the suction chamber 12, the back pressure chamber The pressure at 2o (intermediate pressure) changes. Particularly immediately after the start of operation when refueling is required, the Meissner effect of the superconductor 26 causes it to repel the permanent magnet 27, reducing the passage resistance of the inward groove 26, and thus lowering the pressure in the back pressure chamber 2o. However, as the operating time increases, the superconductor 26 loses its Meissner effect due to the temperature of the discharged gas, sliding, heat generated by the motor, etc., and is pressed against the permanent magnet 27 by the spring 28, reducing the passage resistance of the groove 26 in the inward direction. Enlarge and back pressure chamber 2
A pressure of ° is an appropriate intermediate pressure.

Therefore, after the start of operation, the lubricating oil 21 stored in the lower part of the sealed container 10 is instantly pumped into the back pressure chamber 20 due to the increase in the pressure difference between the pressure in the back pressure chamber 20 and the discharge pressure in the sealed container 1o. and then the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2.
Upper outward groove 24, annular groove 23. Inward groove 26
While lubricating the end plate 2a, the suction chamber 12 is
comes into the. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the suction chamber 12 is discharged from the discharge hole 14 while lubricating the scroll wrap, and falls to the lower part of the container 10 through the communication passages 16 and 17. −
Once refueling begins, there is no need for more lubrication than necessary, and if refueling is performed more than necessary, it will flow out from the discharge hole 14 and be carried out through the discharge pipe 19 through the airtight container 10. Since the amount of lubricating oil is large, which is undesirable from the viewpoint of reliability, it is necessary to reduce the passage resistance from the back pressure chamber 2o to the suction chamber 12 due to the discharge gas temperature, sliding, motor heat generation, etc. that occur with the operating time. The pressure in the back pressure chamber 2° is increased to an appropriate intermediate pressure, and an appropriate amount of oil is supplied using an appropriate differential pressure. Note that 5rBaYCu30□-δ is known as a material that exhibits superconductivity near room temperature. During production, first the raw material powder is crushed and mixed. That's 92
After firing in air at 0C for 6 hours, it is ground and edge-turned three times.

The powder is shaped, sintered by heating at 1000° C. in air for 6 hours, and cooled in a furnace. The sintered body produced in this way exhibits superconductivity at 338 K (65°C) (Ihara et al., Japanese Journal of Applied Physics).
PPLIED PHYSIC3), Vol.

26, A8. August, 1987. PP,
167-171).

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides an annular groove on the end plate of an orbiting scroll with outward and inward grooves, and a superconductor that changes the passage resistance in the inward groove, and a superconductor that faces the superconductor. Immediately after the start of operation, the pressure in the back pressure chamber decreases, and the lubricating oil is instantly pumped into the back pressure chamber, the outer groove of the orbiting scroll end plate, the annular groove, and the inner side. Since the scroll wrap is refueled by being led to the suction chamber through the groove in the direction, the end plate, scroll wrap, etc. can be refueled in a short time after the start of operation, which prevents a decrease in EER due to increased mechanical loss. can.

In addition, as the operation time elapses, the passage resistance of the inward groove increases and the pressure in the back pressure chamber rises to an appropriate intermediate pressure, making it possible to reduce the differential pressure. The lubricating oil flowing out from the discharge pipe can be kept to a minimum by supplying an appropriate amount of lubricating oil rather than the amount, which improves reliability.

Furthermore, since oil can be supplied to the cast plate and the lap at the same time, a complicated structure such as providing an oil reservoir in the fixed scroll is not required, resulting in cost reduction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the orbiting scroll shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a view centered on the fixed scroll shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the l-17 section in Fig. 3;
Figure 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional scroll compressor, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the meshing state of the scrolls in Figure 6, and Figure 7 is a vertical cross-section centered on the fixed scroll in Figure 6. It is a front view. 1... Fixed scroll, 1a... Fixed scroll end plate, 2... Orbiting scroll, 2a
......Orbiting scroll end plate, 20...Back pressure chamber, 23...Annular groove, 24...Outward groove, 26... Inward groove, 26...
...Superconductor, 27...Permanent magnet. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person1-
! 1 constant scroll tx3 figure wE 4 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] A fixed scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate are engaged with each other with their wraps facing each other, and the orbiting scroll makes an orbiting movement so as not to apparently rotate relative to the fixed scroll, It compresses gas, and has grooves in the outer and inner directions in the annular groove on the end plate of the orbiting scroll, and has a back pressure chamber surrounded by the orbiting scroll and blocks, and changes the passage resistance in the groove in the inner direction. A scroll compressor characterized by a superconductor and a permanent magnet arranged to face the superconductor.