JPH01193174A - Grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely feed cooling liquid to a portion to be ground and polished so as to enable grinding work well by forming a grinding wheel of porous body, and closing the air holes at the outer part, and forming a fluid passage therein. CONSTITUTION:Air holes at the outer part of a grinding wheel 1 made of porous body are closed with a bond 2 to form passage of cooling liquid therein. As this wheel 1 is rotated around the axial line of a grinding wheel shaft 6, with the shaft 6, cooling liquid supplied from a cooling liquid supplier through a hose 8 is poured in from the inner peripheral member of shaft hole of the wheel 1 through a mechanical seal 9, the passage of the shaft 6, and a passage 11 of a grinding wheel flange 3. The liquid is discharged from the whole of the outer peripheral part through the passage inside the wheel 1. It is, thus possible to surely supply cooling liquid to the portion to be ground between the outer peripheral part of the wheel 1 and a workpiece A.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an abrasive wheel.

(Prior art) In general, during grinding, the part where the grinding wheel comes into contact with the workpiece and polishes it, that is, the part to be polished, becomes very hot, so this is cooled to prevent deterioration of the polished surface of the workpiece due to heat. In order to improve the surface finish by removing debris and chips from the grinding area, and to reduce wear and clogging of the grinding wheel through lubrication, it is necessary to pour a coolant into the area being polished.

Conventionally, in order to pour coolant into the part to be polished on a grinding machine such as a surface grinder or cylindrical grinder, a coolant nozzle is placed near the outside of the grinding wheel, and this nozzle is connected to a coolant supply device via a hose. However, a means is employed in which the cooling liquid supplied from the cooling liquid supply device through the hose is radiated from the nozzle toward the polishing site.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, with this method of pouring the coolant from the outside of the grinding wheel, when the contact area of the grinding wheel with the workpiece is large, that is, when the area of the polished part is large, It may not be possible to pour the coolant to the entire area to be polished, and depending on the shape of the part to be polished, it may be blocked by the grindstone or the workpiece, making it impossible to pour the cooling liquid to the area to be polished from the outside. In these cases, it is difficult to reliably cool and lubricate the area to be polished with sufficient cooling fluid to perform a good polishing process.

The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a polishing wheel that can reliably supply a cooling liquid to a polishing area and perform a good polishing process.

The inventor of the present invention has conducted repeated research on pouring a coolant into the polished area during polishing, but the method of pouring the coolant from outside the grinding wheel does not allow for polishing without being restricted by various conditions. It has been discovered that there is a limit to the ability to pour a sufficient amount of cooling liquid to the part to be polished, and that by passing the cooling liquid through the inside of the polishing wheel, it is possible to reliably pour the cooling liquid to the part to be polished. That is, since the polishing whetstone is a porous body formed by bonding abrasive grains with a binder, it is possible to pass a cooling liquid through the many pores present inside the whetstone. However, as a result of further research by the inventor, it was discovered that when coolant is injected into a normal grinding wheel, it leaks from the outer surface of the entire grinding wheel through the pores.
It has been found that the rate at which the coolant passes through the interior of the polishing wheel and reaches the target area to be polished is very low, making it impossible to achieve the original purpose. Therefore, the inventor created a cooling liquid passage inside the grinding wheel by closing the pores on the outer surface of the grinding wheel in unnecessary parts to prevent the cooling liquid from leaking out. It has been found that it is possible to reliably supply the polishing portion through the inside of the polishing wheel.

That is, the polishing wheel of the present invention is formed of a porous material,
It is characterized in that the pores on the outer surface are closed to form a fluid passage inside.

The polishing wheel of the present invention can be widely applied to polishing wheels used in various polishing machines equipped with a cooling liquid supply device for cylindrical polishing, plane polishing, internal polishing, and the like.

The abrasive grains, bonding agent, and structure of the polishing wheel of the present invention are not necessarily specified, but it is preferable that the polishing wheel has a form suitable for passing a cooling liquid therein.

This form will be explained. The structure of a whetstone is determined by the relationship between the abrasive grains and the binder; a coarse structure has a few large pores, and a dense structure has many small pores. Therefore, in order to allow the grinding fluid to flow smoothly, a structure having many large pores that communicate with each other is preferable. The porosity of this structure is preferably 30 to 70%. In order to achieve this structure, it is preferable that the grain size of the abrasive grains constituting the polishing wheel be #200 or coarser.If the abrasive grains are finer than this, special treatment or special treatment of the abrasive grains is required. Using a manufacturing method, the volume ratio of abrasive grains to the total volume of the whetstone is set to 40% or less, and a vitrified binder, a silicate binder, or the like is used as a binder for binding the abrasive grains. As a result, the polishing wheel has a structure in which large pores communicate with each other so that the cooling liquid can easily pass therethrough.

The polishing wheel of the present invention closes the pores present on the outer surface to form a passage for the liquid inside.

The pores of the polishing wheel can be closed by applying an adhesive such as epoxy resin, polyester resin, or phenol resin to the surface of the pores, or allowing the adhesive to permeate the surface of the pores. The use of adhesive allows the pores of the grindstone to be easily and reliably closed. There are several methods for applying the adhesive to the surface of the grinding wheel, such as brushing, spraying, and impregnation. The thickness of the adhesive applied is 0.2 to 5 cm. The part on the outer surface of the grinding wheel where the pores are closed, that is, where the adhesive is applied, is located between the part where the coolant is injected into the grinding wheel and the part that comes into contact with the workpiece (the part where the coolant is poured out). This is the entire outer surface of the part that connects. That is, the pores on the outer surface of the grinding wheel are closed to prevent the cooling liquid from leaking to the outside while the cooling liquid flows through the internal pores from the cooling liquid injection part to the working part contacting part.

In the polishing wheel configured in this way, by closing the pores on the outer surface with adhesive, the internal pores are continuous to form a coolant passage that directly connects the coolant injection part and the workpiece contact part. . That is, the adhesive applied to the outer surface of the abrasive wheel forms the wall of the coolant passage connecting the coolant injection part and the workpiece contact part.

The polishing wheel of the present invention is set on a polishing machine and used for polishing in the same way as conventional polishing wheels.

The polishing machine is provided with a structure for injecting a cooling liquid supplied from a cooling liquid injection device into the polishing wheel. When performing polishing, a cooling liquid supplied from a polishing liquid injection device is injected into the inside of the grinding wheel from a cooling liquid injection part of the polishing wheel. The coolant injected into the grinding wheel passes through pores that communicate with each other inside the grinding wheel, and flows to the outer periphery of the grinding wheel where it comes into contact with the workpiece.

For this reason, a cooling liquid is supplied to the polishing area where the outer circumference of the polishing wheel I and the workpiece come into contact, cooling and lubricating the polishing area, cleaning the polished surface of the workpiece, and protecting the polishing wheel. In this case, the cooling liquid does not leak out from both sides of the polishing wheel 2 that are blocked with the adhesive Jl', y/, and a large amount of the cooling liquid can be supplied to the polishing area. By supplying the cooling liquid directly from the inside of the grinding wheel to the part to be polished, even if the area of the part of the grinding wheel that comes in contact with the workpiece is large, the cooling liquid can be distributed over the entire part to be polished. Even if it is difficult to pour cooling liquid into the polished area from the outside due to the shape of the object, the cooling liquid can be supplied to the polished area without being restricted by the workpiece.

Next, a specific example of the form will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a flat polishing wheel 1 used in a horizontal-axis plane polishing machine. This polishing wheel 1 has a central shaft hole as a coolant injection part, an outer peripheral surface that comes into contact with a workpiece A, and adhesive 2.2 applied to both sides. and,
As shown in FIG.
The nut 5 is screwed in through the flange spacer 4, and the nut 5 is tightened securely. The grindstone flange 3 is fitted into the grindstone shaft 6 of a surface polishing machine, and the nut 7 is screwed onto the grindstone shaft 6 to fix the tightening. Furthermore, a mechanical seal 9 connected to the coolant supply device via a hose 8 is attached to the nut 7. A coolant passage 10 is provided in the grinding wheel shaft 6 and the grinding wheel flange 3.
．． 11 is formed. During the polishing process, while the polishing wheel 1 is being rotated by the grinding wheel shaft 6, coolant is injected into the inside of the polishing wheel 1 from the inner circumference of the shaft hole of the polishing wheel 1 through the passage 11 of the shaft 3 from the cooling liquid supply device. The injected cooling liquid passes through the inside of the polishing wheel 1 and is poured out from the entire outer periphery.

For this reason, the cooling liquid is supplied to the polishing portion that contacts the outer circumference of the polishing wheel 1 and the workpiece A. In this case, the cooling liquid is not unnecessarily poured out from both sides of the polishing wheel 1 that are closed with adhesives 2, 2, and a large amount of the cooling liquid can be supplied to the polished portion of the polishing wheel 1. Can be done.

FIG. 3 shows a rectangular polishing wheel 21. As shown in FIG. This whetstone 2
1 has an adhesive 2 applied to the entire outer surface of the peripheral side except for the upper and lower surfaces, and a coolant passage is formed inside. The grindstone 21 has a hollow interior and is attached to the lower part of the tool 22, and the coolant injection pipe 23 is connected to the upper part of the tool 22. And this polishing stone 21
is oscillated in the horizontal direction on the grinding surface of the workpiece A by means of a device (not shown) to perform polishing. The coolant supplied from the coolant injection pipe 23 is injected into the grindstone 21 from the upper surface via the grindstone attachment tool 22, passes through its interior, and is poured out from the bottom surface to the polished area. In this case, since the outer surface of the peripheral side surface of the polishing whetstone 21 is covered with the adhesive 2, the cooling liquid does not leak out to the outside of the polishing whetstone 21.

(Example) A flat abrasive wheel shown in FIG. 1 having a porosity of 50% was manufactured by bonding alumina abrasive grains with a vitrified bonding agent. Then, an epoxy adhesive was applied to the outer surfaces of both sides of the grindstone to a thickness of about 1 liter using a spatula. This polishing wheel was set on a flat surface polishing machine and the polishing process was performed. During this processing, a cooling liquid was supplied to the grinding wheel by a cooling liquid supply section provided on the grinding wheel shaft supporting the grinding wheel in the polishing machine. As a result, the cooling liquid that had passed through the grindstone was sufficiently supplied to the polished area.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the grinding wheel of the present invention, the cooling liquid is directly supplied to the part to be polished through the inside of the grinding wheel. If the cooling liquid is difficult to spread over the entire area to be polished, it is possible to supply sufficient cooling liquid to the area to be polished and perform a good polishing process.Furthermore, applying adhesive to the grinding wheel eliminates the need for cooling liquid. Leakage can be effectively prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross section showing one embodiment of the abrasive wheel of the present invention. 1.21... Polishing whetstone, 2... Adhesive. Applicant's agent: Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 3

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A polishing whetstone characterized by being made of a porous material and having closed pores on the outer surface to form fluid passages inside. (2) The abrasive wheel according to claim 1, wherein the means for closing the pores in the outer surface portion is to apply an adhesive.