JPH10118940A - Grinding wheel and grinding liquid supply method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a cooling performance in a grinding part and also carry out a super precise finish grinding. SOLUTION: This grinding wheel 11 is constituted so that an abrasive grain layer 15 is installed around a grinding wheel pedestal 14 and work is ground at the surface of the grain layer 15 by being rotated. A grinding liquid supply groove 14a as a 'grinding liquid receiver' for receiving the grinding liquid injected from a grinding liquid nozzle is formed on the side surface of the grinding wheel pedestal 14 and also a grinding liquid pipe road 14b for guiding the grinding liquid from the grinding liquid supply groove 14a to the grain layer 15 is formed on the grinding wheel pedestal 14. The grain layer 15 is formed in porous so that the grinding liquid from the grinding liquid pipe road 14b is seeped out on the surface of the grain layer 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding wheel for grinding a workpiece, and more particularly to a grinding wheel improved to supply a grinding fluid and a method for supplying a grinding fluid using the grinding wheel. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a grinding process, as shown in FIG.
, The temperature rise of the grinding portion is large, and as it is, there is a high possibility that the workpiece 2 will be burned, cracked, and a damaged layer will be formed. Further, there is also a problem that the grinding wheel 1 is worn due to the high temperature, and the life of the grinding wheel 1 is shortened.

In order to solve this problem, a grinding wheel 1
It is common practice to apply a grinding fluid from a grinding fluid nozzle 3 to a contact point between the grinding wheel 1 and the workpiece 2. Examples of the grinding fluid include tap water, a water-soluble grinding fluid, and a non-water-soluble grinding fluid. Also,
In order to further enhance the cooling effect, a method of applying liquid nitrogen having a very low temperature instead of a normal grinding liquid has been adopted.

[0004]

However, in a general grinding process, the grinding wheel 1 is rotating at a high speed.
In the vicinity of the surface of the grindstone 1, a very thin air layer is rotating at a high speed together with the grindstone 1. For this reason, even when a liquid is externally supplied to cool the grinding unit, the grinding liquid, which is a cooling water, may not be accurately supplied to the actual grinding unit. In particular, the peripheral speed of the grindstone, which is said to be effective in improving the machining efficiency, is 100
In high-speed grinding at m / s or more, the supply of the grinding fluid to the grinding portion becomes further insufficient.

In such a case, the temperature of the workpiece 2 becomes high,
There is a problem that the surface is burned, the processed surface is deteriorated due to an increase in residual stress after the processing, and the like, which leads to a deterioration in accuracy of the workpiece 2 and a decrease in the yield rate.

[0006] When the temperature of the grinding section rises, the abrasive grains and the binder of the grinding wheel 1 wear away, so that the grinding wheel 1
There are problems such as deterioration of the machined surface due to a decrease in the grinding ability of the steel, and a decrease in machining efficiency due to an increase in dressing work for improving the sharpness of the grinding wheel 1. In particular, in the grinding of glass or ceramic, the hardness of the workpiece 2 is high, so that a diamond grindstone is often used as the grinding grindstone 1. Very large.

In order to solve these problems, a method of injecting a grinding fluid at a high pressure into the grinding portion instead of a normal pump has been proposed. However, such a method requires a processing accuracy of about 0.1 μm. In case of ultra-precision finish grinding, grinding wheel 1
There is a problem that a machining error occurs due to the force acting on the workpiece 2 or the workpiece 2.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a grinding wheel and a method of supplying a grinding fluid capable of improving cooling performance in a grinding section and performing ultra-precision finish grinding with high accuracy.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with an abrasive layer around a grindstone base metal, and by rotating the abrasive layer, the abrasive layer is formed. In a grinding wheel for grinding a workpiece on a surface, a grinding fluid receiving portion for receiving a grinding fluid ejected from a grinding fluid nozzle is formed on a side surface of the grinding wheel base, and the grinding fluid receiver is provided on the grinding wheel base. While forming a grinding fluid conduit for guiding the grinding fluid from the portion to the abrasive grain layer, the abrasive grain layer was formed porous so that the grinding fluid from the grinding fluid pipeline oozed to the surface of the abrasive grain layer. It is characterized by a grinding wheel.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the grinding wheel according to the first aspect is rotated and a grinding fluid is jetted to a grinding fluid receiving portion of the grinding wheel. A grinding fluid supply method in which the abrasive fluid is guided to the abrasive layer through a liquid conduit, and oozes through the abrasive layer to the surface of the abrasive layer through a porous material to supply the grinding fluid to the grinding unit. Features.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described.
Is a circular grinding wheel. The grinding wheel 11 is rotatably driven by a drive device (not shown) so that a cylindrical workpiece 12 is ground. A grinding fluid nozzle 13 for injecting is provided.

More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the grinding wheel 11 is provided with a ring-shaped abrasive layer 15 around a metal wheel base 14.

A ring-shaped grinding fluid supply groove 14a as a "grinding fluid receiving portion" is formed on the side surface of the grinding wheel base metal 14 around the central axis of the grinding wheel 11, and the grinding fluid supply groove is formed. A large number of grinding fluid conduits 14b are formed radially from 14a to the inner surface of the abrasive grain layer 15.

The abrasive layer 15 is formed so that diamond abrasive grains are bonded by a bonding material to form a porous body having a large number of fine pores. Has become.

The grinding fluid nozzle 13 faces the grinding fluid supply groove 14a of the grinding wheel 11, and the grinding fluid is injected from the grinding fluid nozzle 13 into the grinding fluid supply groove 14a. .

Next, the operation will be described.

The workpiece 12 is ground by rotating the grinding wheel 11 and the workpiece 12 in the directions of the arrows.

At this time, a grinding fluid is sprayed from a grinding nozzle 13 into a grinding fluid supply groove 14 a on the side surface of the grinding wheel 11. This grinding fluid is received by the grinding fluid supply groove 14a, and the grinding wheel 11 is rotating at a high speed, so that the radial grinding fluid pipeline 14b is centrifugally moved toward the abrasive layer 15 at the peripheral edge. Flows. Then, the grinding fluid is applied to the porous abrasive layer 15.
Penetrates the inside and oozes out to the surrounding surface. Thereby, the abrasive layer 1
5 will be cooled.

By oozing out the grinding fluid in this way, even if the grinding wheel 11 is rotated at a high speed, the grinding fluid can be surely applied to the grinding portion as compared with the conventional method in which the grinding fluid is applied from the outside. Can supply. Since the centrifugal force is used, the higher the speed of rotation, the higher the bleeding speed can be. Therefore, a sufficient amount of grinding fluid can be supplied. Accordingly, the accuracy of the workpiece 12 is improved, and the yield rate is increased, without causing the surface of the workpiece 12 to be burned or deterioration of the processed surface due to an increase in residual stress after the processing.

Further, since the temperature rise in the grinding portion is suppressed, wear of the abrasive grains and the binder of the abrasive layer 15 of the grinding wheel 11 does not progress, and the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 11 due to a decrease in grinding ability does not progress. Deterioration is suppressed and processing efficiency is improved by reducing dressing work for improving the sharpness of the polishing grindstone 11.

In particular, in the grinding of glass or ceramics, the hardness of the workpiece 13 is high, and therefore, a diamond grindstone is often used as the grinding wheel 11 as in this embodiment, but the cooling of the grinding portion is not sufficient. In such a case, the wear of the grinding wheel 11 becomes extremely large.

That is, looking at the graph of FIG. 3, diamond shows that CBN or Si
C shows that although the hardness is considerably high, the hardness rapidly decreases as the temperature increases. In general processing, it is said that the temperature in the vicinity of the grinding part will be from 400 ° C to 500 ° C. If the supply of the grinding fluid becomes insufficient, the temperature of the grinding part further increases, and the decrease in the abrasive grain strength increases the wear. It seems to be connected to.

Therefore, as in this embodiment, the grinding fluid is oozed out from the inside of the abrasive grain layer 15 and the grinding fluid is sufficiently supplied to the grinding portion, so that the reduction in the abrasive grain strength can be suppressed.

If the grinding fluid is oozed from the inside of the abrasive grain layer 15 and the grinding fluid is sufficiently supplied to the grinding portion, the grinding fluid is sprayed to the grinding portion at a high pressure. In addition, no processing error occurs due to the force acting on the grinding wheel 11 and the workpiece 12. Therefore, 0.1μ
Even in the case of ultra-precision finish grinding in which a processing accuracy of about m is required, the processing accuracy can be maintained.

Further, if the grinding fluid is oozed out from the inside of the abrasive grain layer 15 and the grinding fluid is supplied to the grinding portion, grooves and holes through which the grinding fluid flows are formed in the abrasive grain layer 15. Since there is no need, the following advantages can be obtained. That is, if grooves or holes through which the grinding fluid flows are formed in the abrasive layer 15, precision grinding of hard and brittle materials such as ceramics and glass requiring a high-precision finished surface is affected by the grooves and the like. A continuous impact is applied to the surface of the grain layer 15,
There is a possibility that cracks are generated and the surface roughness is deteriorated. On the other hand, if the grinding fluid is oozed out from the inside of the abrasive grain layer 15 and the grinding fluid is supplied to the grinding portion as in the present invention, it is not necessary to form a groove or the like. The impact on the workpiece 12 is eliminated, and the occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

Further, the grinding fluid is supplied to the grinding portion via the grinding fluid pipe 14b or the like simply by spraying the grinding fluid from the grinding fluid nozzle 13 into the grinding fluid supply groove 14a provided on the side surface of the grinding wheel 11. Therefore, only by changing the structure of the grinding wheel 11, there is no need to change the other configuration of the grinding device, and the supply of the grinding fluid from the non-movable grinding fluid nozzle 13 to the grinding wheel 11 that rotates at high speed can be performed. No special structure is required.

[0029]

As described above, according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the grinding fluid is applied to the surface of the abrasive grain layer by applying the grinding fluid from the outside as in the prior art. In comparison with the above, the grinding fluid can be reliably supplied to the grinding section even when the grinding wheel is rotated at a high speed. Since the centrifugal force is used, the higher the speed of rotation, the higher the bleeding speed can be. Therefore, a sufficient amount of grinding fluid can be supplied. Therefore, the accuracy of the workpiece is improved without the surface of the workpiece being burned or deterioration of the processed surface due to an increase in residual stress after the processing, etc.
The non-defective rate can be increased.

In addition, since the temperature rise in the grinding portion is suppressed, the wear of the abrasive grains and the binder in the abrasive layer of the grinding wheel does not progress, and the deterioration of the processed surface due to the reduction in the grinding ability of the grinding wheel is suppressed. At the same time, it is possible to improve the processing efficiency by reducing the dressing work for improving the sharpness of the grinding wheel.

Further, if the grinding fluid is oozed out from the inside of the abrasive layer and the grinding fluid is sufficiently supplied to the grinding portion, the grinding fluid is sprayed to the grinding portion at a high pressure. There is no machining error caused by the force acting on the grinding wheel or the workpiece. Therefore, even in the case of ultra-precision finish grinding that requires processing accuracy of about 0.1 μm,
The processing accuracy can be maintained.

Further, if the grinding fluid is oozed from the inside of the abrasive grain layer and the grinding fluid is supplied to the grinding portion, it is necessary to form grooves and holes through which the grinding fluid flows in the abrasive grain layer. Since there is no impact on the workpiece during machining,
The occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

Further, the grinding liquid can be supplied to the grinding portion via the grinding liquid pipe or the like simply by spraying the grinding liquid from the grinding liquid nozzle to the grinding liquid receiving portion provided on the side surface of the grinding wheel. Therefore, it is not necessary to change other configurations of the grinding machine only by changing the structure of the grinding wheel, and a special structure is required for supplying the grinding fluid from the stationary grinding fluid nozzle to the high-speed rotating grinding wheel. There is no practical useful effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a grinding state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the grinding wheel according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between temperature and hardness.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing a conventional example in a grinding state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Grinding wheel 12 Workpiece 13 Grinding fluid nozzle 14 Grinding wheel base 14a Grinding fluid supply groove (grinding fluid receiver) 14b Grinding fluid conduit 15 Abrasive layer

Claims (2)

[Claims] An abrasive grain layer is provided around a grindstone base, and is rotated to grind a workpiece on the surface of the grindstone layer. While forming a grinding fluid receiving portion for receiving the grinding fluid injected from the fluid nozzle, the grinding wheel base metal, while forming a grinding fluid conduit for guiding the grinding fluid from the grinding fluid receiving portion to the abrasive layer, The grinding wheel is characterized in that the abrasive layer is formed so as to be porous so that the grinding fluid from the grinding fluid channel oozes to the surface of the abrasive layer. 2. The grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is rotated and a grinding fluid is jetted to a grinding fluid receiving portion of the grinding wheel. The grinding fluid passes through the grinding fluid pipeline by centrifugal force. A grinding fluid is supplied to the grinding portion by being guided to the layer and oozing through the abrasive grain layer through the porous material to the surface of the abrasive grain layer.