JPH01147403A - Molded glass lens - Google Patents
Molded glass lensInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01147403A JPH01147403A JP62306508A JP30650887A JPH01147403A JP H01147403 A JPH01147403 A JP H01147403A JP 62306508 A JP62306508 A JP 62306508A JP 30650887 A JP30650887 A JP 30650887A JP H01147403 A JPH01147403 A JP H01147403A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- molded glass
- glass lens
- soft focus
- optical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100398412 Arabidopsis thaliana ASK1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940083045 riax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、成形ガラスレンズに係り、特にラフ１フオー
カスレンズ用の成形ガラスレンズに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a molded glass lens, and particularly to a molded glass lens for a rough 1 focus lens.
−ｆｌｕに、加熱軟化されたガラス素材を所望の成形面
を具備したー・対の成形型によりプレス成形し、研り等
の後加工を施すことなく、所望の光学機能面を有した成
形ガラスレンズを得ることが行われており、この成形ガ
ラスレンズは、例えばカメラ等の光学機器に多く使用さ
れている。-A molded glass with a desired optical function surface is formed by press-molding a heat-softened glass material into a flu with a pair of molds, without any post-processing such as polishing. Molded glass lenses are often used in optical devices such as cameras.
ところで、カメラ用のレンズとしては、ソフトな１ｍ写
を得ることができるソフトフォーカスレンズが知られて
いる。従来、このソフトフォーカスレンズは、レンズ自
体がはじめから軟焦点になるように特殊な設計を行っζ
５！造されており、■、ｙ面収差だけを故意に太き（残
すとともに他の収差をできるだけ補正するように設工１
されている。By the way, as a lens for a camera, a soft focus lens that can obtain a soft 1 meter photograph is known. Conventionally, soft focus lenses have been specially designed so that the lens itself has a soft focus from the beginning.
5! ■, only the y-plane aberration is intentionally made thicker (while leaving it, other aberrations are corrected as much as possible).
has been done.
しかしながら、上記従来のソフトフォ−カスレンズにあ
っては、その設計が極めて難しく、またレンズ種類ごと
に設３目”る必要があって煩雑であった。また、ソフト
フォーカスレンズを用いずにソフＩな描写をｉｌｌる手
段として、特殊なブタン（−ソフトやフィルタ等を取付
けることが知られているが、この場合、ぼけた像がｆ５
°妙な形になったり、光計が減る等を生じ、使用上程々
の制限を受けてしま・）という問題があった。However, with the above-mentioned conventional soft focus lenses, the design is extremely difficult, and it is complicated to design three lenses for each type of lens. It is known that a special butane (-) software or filter is installed as a means of illuminating the depiction, but in this case, the blurred image is
There were problems such as an odd shape and a decrease in the number of light meters, which resulted in moderate limitations in use.
本発明は、かかる問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、捲め
て前車な構成でソフトフォーカスな像をｊすることがで
き、レンズ光学系を新たに設計ずろ必要のない成形ガラ
スレンズを提供すること４目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a molded glass lens that can produce a soft-focus image with a fold-over structure that does not require a new design of the lens optical system. 4 objectives.
ｃ問題点を５４７決するだめの手段〕
上記従来の問題点を解決するために、本発明は、成形ガ
ラスレンズの光学機能面の表面粗さをＲ１１ａｘ０．０
５〜１．００ ｉｔ ｍとしたものである０本発明にお
いて、光学徒能面の表面１’ｌｌさをＲｍａｘ０．０５
〜１．００μｍとしたのは、例えば通常の研階レンズの
ように表面粗さがｌｌｖ＋ｘ＝ｏ、ｏｌ ／／ ｍ程度
でＲｍａｘ ＝０．０５ ａｍ未満であると滑らかすぎ
てソフトフォーカス機能を発揮できず、また表面ｔ■さ
がＲｉａｘ＝１．００μｍを越えるとあまりに粗ずぎて
光学累子として不適当だからでＪうる６
通常、成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面に異物が埋め込ま
れたり、凹凸ができたりすることは好ましくないが、本
発明では、光学機能面に異物が埋め込まれていたり、凹
凸ができたりすることを逆に利用してソフトフォーカス
な像を得ようとするものである。すなわち、本発明では
、成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面に異物を埋め込んだり
、微細な凹凸を設けて表面オ■さをＲｍａｘｏ、０５〜
１．００μｍとし、この成形ガラスレンズを光学系に組
込むことによってソフトフォーカスレンズを構成しよう
とするものである。547 Means for Resolving Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention improves the surface roughness of the optical functional surface of a molded glass lens by R11ax0.0.
5 to 1.00 it m In the present invention, the surface 1'll of the optical performance surface is set to Rmax0.05.
The reason for setting it to ~1.00 μm is that, for example, when the surface roughness is about llv + x = o, ol // m like a normal Tokenai lens, and Rmax = less than 0.05 am, it is too smooth and exhibits a soft focus function. Also, if the surface t exceeds Riax = 1.00 μm, it will be too rough and unsuitable as an optical lens.6 Usually, foreign matter is embedded in the optically functional surface of a molded glass lens, or unevenness occurs. However, the present invention attempts to obtain a soft-focus image by taking advantage of the fact that foreign matter is embedded in the optical functional surface or that the surface is uneven. That is, in the present invention, foreign matter is embedded in the optically functional surface of the molded glass lens, or fine irregularities are provided to increase the surface roughness to Rmaxo, 05~
The objective is to construct a soft focus lens by incorporating this molded glass lens into an optical system.
本発明の成形ガラスレンズを組込んだ光学系においては
、その成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面に設けた凹凸等に
よって光線の方向が微妙に変化し、結果として焦点位置
でのぼけが生じてソフトフォーカスな像を得ることがで
きる。ここで、光学系においては、特別に球面収差を増
大さゼるような設計は必要なく、通常の光学系のままで
その中のレンズの一面または複数面を本発明の成形ガラ
スレンズに置換えるだけでよい。In an optical system incorporating the molded glass lens of the present invention, the direction of the light ray changes slightly due to the irregularities provided on the optically functional surface of the molded glass lens, resulting in blurring at the focal point and soft focus. You can get a good image. Here, in the optical system, there is no need for a special design that increases spherical aberration, and one or more surfaces of the lenses in the normal optical system can be replaced with the molded glass lens of the present invention. Just that is enough.
〔実施例］
（第１実施例）
ガラス素材としてＳＫＩ １を使用し、外径２５ｍ１ｇ
、厚さ２．５＋＋ｕで両面を平面研磨したものを、窒素
ガス雰囲気中でガラス軟化点付近の温度（ＳＫ１１の場
合には、６３９°Ｃ±５０°Ｃが好ましい）まで、加熱
して軟化させ、ガラス転移点より低い温度（ガラス転移
点が５３５°Ｃの場合、５１５〜３３５°Ｃが好ましい
）の成形型で押圧成形し、成形ガラスレンズを得た。こ
の成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面表面用さは、Ｒｒａａ
ｘ−０，１０μｍで、凹凸周期は３〜１５μｍであった
。[Example] (First example) SKI 1 was used as the glass material, outer diameter 25ml 1g
, with a thickness of 2.5++u and polished on both sides, is heated and softened in a nitrogen gas atmosphere to a temperature near the glass softening point (preferably 639°C ± 50°C in the case of SK11). A molded glass lens was obtained by press molding with a mold at a temperature lower than the glass transition point (if the glass transition point is 535°C, preferably 515 to 335°C). The optical functional surface of this molded glass lens is Rraa
x-0, 10 μm, and the uneven period was 3 to 15 μm.
本実施例で用いた成形型は、窒化アルミニウム（八〇Ｎ
）製で、０．６μｍのへＩＮ微粒子をホットプレス法
で焼結した後、研にを行って製作したもので、型表面に
は結晶粒界に起因する微細な凹凸が形成されている。こ
の成形型の表面粗さは、第２Ｌ１に示すように、ｌ１ａ
ａｘ＝０．１２μｍで、凹凸周期は３〜１５μｍであっ
た。ここで、成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面の方が成形
型の表面より滑らかなのは、成形型表面の微細な凹部に
はガラスが流入できないからである。なお、成形型の表
面の凹凸は、／ＩＮ粒径、焼結条件、研ｐ方法等によっ
°ζ逍宜制御することができる。The mold used in this example was aluminum nitride (80N
), which was produced by sintering 0.6 μm HEIN fine particles using a hot press method and then polishing, and the mold surface has fine irregularities caused by grain boundaries. The surface roughness of this mold is l1a as shown in 2nd L1.
ax=0.12 μm, and the uneven period was 3 to 15 μm. Here, the reason why the optically functional surface of the molded glass lens is smoother than the surface of the mold is that glass cannot flow into the minute recesses on the surface of the mold. Incidentally, the unevenness on the surface of the mold can be appropriately controlled by adjusting the /IN particle size, sintering conditions, polishing method, etc.
本実施例で１７だ成形ガラスレンズを光′！７．系に組
込んだ場合のソフトフォーカスレンズのレンズ構成図を
第３図に示す、第３図において、ｌ＆！鏡枠で、鏡枠ｌ
には、通常の研削・研磨によって表面が滑らかに形成さ
れたレンズ２が４枚と本実施例で得た成形ガラスレンズ
３が１枚組込まれ°ζおり、４ｍ５枚Ｒ５成となってい
る。成形ガラスレンズ３の光学機能面３ａには、前述の
如く微細な凹凸が形成されているので、光線の方向が微
妙に変化し、焦点位置でぼけを生じ、ソフトフォーカス
な性を１１１・ることができる。In this example, a 17-inch molded glass lens is used for light! 7. Figure 3 shows a lens configuration diagram of the soft focus lens when it is incorporated into a system. In Figure 3, l&! With mirror frame, mirror frame l
The lens 2 has four lenses 2 with smooth surfaces formed by ordinary grinding and polishing and one molded glass lens 3 obtained in this example, and has a R5 configuration of 4 m5 lenses. As described above, the optical functional surface 3a of the molded glass lens 3 is formed with fine irregularities, so the direction of the light ray changes slightly, causing blurring at the focal point, resulting in soft focus. Can be done.
これに対し、５枚のレンズを全て通常の研削・ｒＩＩＦ
ｒ＝を施した滑らかな表面のレンズを用いれば、ソフト
フォーカスにはならず、シャープな１象をｉ′トること
になる。On the other hand, all five lenses were ground by normal grinding and rIIF.
If you use a lens with a smooth surface given r=, you will not get a soft focus, but you will get a sharp image i'.
すなわち、第１図ａおよびｂに示すように、作用する。That is, it operates as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b.
第１図ａは、本実施例の成形ガラスし・ンズ３を用いた
場合で、各光線４ａ、４ｂ’、４ｃは凹凸が形成された
光学機能面３ａを通る位置によって方向が変わり、１点
に集光しない。したがって、ｆ＋１．られる１６には、
シャープな像にならずにぼけを生じ５．ソフトフォーカ
スな像を１７ることかできる。このぼけの量は、光学機
能面３ａの凹凸の段差や周期によって制御することがで
き、通宜最逍な形状とすることができる。FIG. 1a shows a case where the molded glass lens 3 of this embodiment is used, and the direction of each light ray 4a, 4b', 4c changes depending on the position where it passes through the optical functional surface 3a on which the unevenness is formed, and one point Does not focus light on Therefore, f+1. In the 16th,
5. The image is not sharp but blurred. It is possible to create 17 soft focus images. The amount of blur can be controlled by the level difference and period of the unevenness of the optical functional surface 3a, and can be made into the optimal shape as appropriate.
これに対し、通常の研削・研Ｕ）を施して表面を滑らか
にしたレンズ２にあっては、第１図ａに示すように、各
光線５ａ、５ｂ、５ｃは全て焦点Ｆに集光し、シャープ
な像となる。On the other hand, with the lens 2 whose surface has been made smooth by ordinary grinding and polishing (U), each of the light rays 5a, 5b, and 5c are all focused at the focal point F, as shown in Figure 1a. , resulting in a sharp image.
（第２実施例）
ガラス素材としてＳＦ？ （ガラス軟化点５９２゛Ｃ）
、＠用い、光学機能面の表面粗さがＲｍａｘｏ、０５〜
１．００μｍの成形ガラスレンズを（また。(Second Example) SF as a glass material? (Glass softening point 592°C)
, @ used, the surface roughness of the optical functional surface is Rmaxo, 05 ~
1.00μm molded glass lens (also.
特に、本実施例においては、融点が十分に高温（３５０
０’Ｃ）のカーボン粉末を成形型の下型上にほぼ一様に
分布するように１１シ布し、この成形型によって抑圧成
形することにより、成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面にカ
ーボン粉末からなる微粒子を押込んで付着させた。In particular, in this example, the melting point is sufficiently high (350
0'C) carbon powder is distributed almost uniformly on the lower part of the mold, and is compressed by this mold, thereby forming the optically functional surface of the molded glass lens made of carbon powder. The microparticles were pushed in and attached.
すなわち、第４図に示すように、本実施例の成形ガラス
レンズ６の光学機能面６ａには、凹部６１と凸部６２と
が形成されている。そして、凹部６１には、カーボン粉
末７が付着されζいる。That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a concave portion 61 and a convex portion 62 are formed on the optically functional surface 6a of the molded glass lens 6 of this embodiment. Carbon powder 7 is attached to the recess 61.
この成形ガラスレンズ６では、凸部６２はカーボン粉末
マの影容を受けない正規の曲率のレンズ面であって、凸
部６２を通る光線は、第１図すに示したものと同様に焦
点に集束する。一方、カーボン粉末７が押込まれること
によって形成された四部６１を通る光線は、その位置に
よって方向が変化し、焦点には集光せずにぼけを生じさ
せる。このぼけによって、本実施例におい°ζもソフト
フォーカスな像を得ることができる。また、本実施例の
ように、ガラス素材と成形型との間に微粒子を介在させ
ることによって、通常の成形に比して離型が容易となっ
た。In this molded glass lens 6, the convex portion 62 is a lens surface with a regular curvature that is not affected by the carbon powder, and the light ray passing through the convex portion 62 is focused as shown in FIG. focus on. On the other hand, the direction of the light rays passing through the four parts 61 formed by pushing the carbon powder 7 changes depending on the position, and the light rays are not focused on the focal point, but are blurred. Due to this blur, it is possible to obtain a soft-focus image with respect to °ζ in this embodiment. Furthermore, as in this example, by interposing fine particles between the glass material and the mold, mold release became easier than in normal molding.
なお、本実施例においては、微粒子とし゛ζカーボン粉
末を用いたが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば
ガラス扮、カーボン（ずず）、（ＩＩ′Ｉ！°り砥粒、
セラミック等でもよく、レンズ水付のガラス軟化点より
高い軟化点の微粒子であればよい。In this example, ζ carbon powder was used as the fine particles, but the particles are not limited to this. For example, glass particles, carbon (Zuzu), (II'I!
It may be made of ceramic or the like, as long as it has a softening point higher than the softening point of the glass used for the lens.
また、微粒子は下型上に散布する方法によらず、例えば
電界を印加して電気力でよ型に（Ｊ”６させておいても
よい。Moreover, the fine particles may be shaped into a shape (J"6) by electric force, for example, by applying an electric field, regardless of the method of scattering the fine particles onto the lower mold.
（第３実施例）
ガラス素材として５ＦＩＩを使用し、粒径１５００番の
ダイヤ砥粒をレジンに埋込んだ砥石で精研削したものを
用いた。素材形状は最終的なレンズ形状に近い形状に仕
上げ、これを一対の成形型間に挟持したまま、ガラス屈
伏点まで加熱し、ｌＯｋｇｒ／（・イの圧力を加えて成
形を行い、その後ガラス転移点以下の温度まで徐冷を行
った後、成形型間から成形ガラスレンズを取出した。(Third Example) 5FII was used as the glass material, which was finely ground with a grindstone in which diamond abrasive grains with a grain size of No. 1500 were embedded in resin. The shape of the material is finished to be close to the final lens shape, and while it is held between a pair of molds, it is heated to the glass yield point, and molded by applying a pressure of lOkgr/(・I. After slow cooling to a temperature below 100 mL, the molded glass lens was taken out from between the molds.
この成形ガラスレンズの光学機能面の表面■さはＲ＋ｎ
ＩＩｘ＝０．２μｍであり、このレンズを光学系に組込
んだところ、光線が適度に１１′ｉ乱し、ソフトフォー
カスな像をｊすることができた。The surface size of the optically functional surface of this molded glass lens is R+n
IIx=0.2 μm, and when this lens was incorporated into an optical system, the light rays were appropriately disturbed by 11′i, and a soft focus image could be obtained.
以上のように、第１〜３実施例の各成形ガラスレンズを
用いれば、シャープな像を得られる光学系と同じ光学系
（レンズ構成）であっても節単にソフトフォーカスレン
ズを構成することができる。As described above, by using each of the molded glass lenses of Examples 1 to 3, it is possible to easily construct a soft focus lens even if the optical system (lens configuration) is the same as the optical system that can obtain a sharp image. can.
ここで、光学系の中のどのレンズを本発明の成形ガラス
レンズに置換えればよいかという点は、限定されるもの
ではない。それは、レンズタイプによって、効果的な面
と非効果的な面とが異なる１らである。Here, there is no limitation as to which lens in the optical system should be replaced with the molded glass lens of the present invention. Effective aspects and ineffective aspects differ depending on the lens type.
（発明の効果〕
以上のように、本発明の成形ガラスレンズによれば、光
学機能面の表面粗さをＲ＋ａａｘ０．０５〜１．００μ
ｒｎとしているので、入射光線は光学機能面において適
宜散乱し、極め′ζ節単な１７１成でソフ）フォーカス
な像を１？）ることができ、またレンズ光学系を新たに
設計することなくソフトフォーカスレンズとすることが
できる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the molded glass lens of the present invention, the surface roughness of the optical functional surface can be reduced to R+aax0.05 to 1.00μ.
rn, the incident light ray is scattered appropriately on the optical functional surface, and a soft) focused image is created with a simple 171 composition in the extremely 'ζ section. ), and it can also be made into a soft focus lens without designing a new lens optical system.
第１図ａは本発明の第１実施例の成形ガラスレンズを通
過した光線の方向を示す側面図、第１図すは通常のレン
ズを通過した光！、９の方向を示すＵｎｉ面図、第２図
は本発明の第１実施例で用いた成形型の表面粗さを示す
グラフ、第３図は本発明の第１実施例の成形ガラスレン
ズを光学系にＳＪＩ込んだ状態を示す縦断面図、第４ｒ
Ａは本発明の第２実施例の成形ガラスレンズの要部を示
す縦断面図である。
３．６・・・成形ガラスレンズ
３ａ、Ｇａ・・・光′７機能面
７・・・カーボン粉末
６１・・・四部
６２・・・凸部
°１７許出１＋Ａ人 オリンパス光学工業株式会社第
３図
第４図Fig. 1a is a side view showing the direction of light rays passing through a molded glass lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1A shows light passing through a normal lens! , Figure 2 is a graph showing the surface roughness of the mold used in the first embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the molded glass lens of the first embodiment of the present invention. Vertical sectional view showing the state where SJI is included in the optical system, No. 4r
A is a vertical sectional view showing the main parts of a molded glass lens according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 3.6... Molded glass lens 3a, Ga... Optical '7 Functional surface 7... Carbon powder 61... Fourth part 62... Convex portion °17 Allowance 1 + Person A Olympus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. No. 3 Figure 4
Claims (1)
００μｍであることを特徴とする成形ガラスレンズ。(1) The surface roughness of the optical functional surface is Rmax0.05-1.
A molded glass lens characterized by having a diameter of 00 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62306508A JPH01147403A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1987-12-03 | Molded glass lens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62306508A JPH01147403A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1987-12-03 | Molded glass lens |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01147403A true JPH01147403A (en) | 1989-06-09 |
Family
ID=17957869
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62306508A Pending JPH01147403A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1987-12-03 | Molded glass lens |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01147403A (en) |
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-
1987
- 1987-12-03 JP JP62306508A patent/JPH01147403A/en active Pending
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