JPH0114299B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Industrial Application Field> The disclosed technology disperses ferromagnetic phases of Fe, Co, and Ni in the nonmagnetic phase of the Au matrix in a gold alloy consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, and Au to create a permanent magnetic alloy. belongs to the technical field of <Summary of the gist> The invention of this application is to add Fe, Co, and Ni to the parent phase of Au, and to apply treatments such as aging treatment after plastic deformation to create a metal-based permanent material with coercive force. This invention relates to magnetic alloys, especially Fe, Co, Ni,
Au metal composition: 0.5~20%, 0.5~10%, respectively
The weight ratio is 0.1 to 10%, the balance is Cu
After adding 0.5 to 20% of Zn, 0.5 to 10% of Zn, or 0.5 to 2% of at least one of Ti and Zr and performing the specified plastic working, aging treatment is performed in a temperature range of 300℃ to 600℃. In that case, re-plastic processing is performed by applying a magnetic field of 3000 to 5000 Oe, and the ferromagnetic phases of Fe, Co, and Ni are finely and uniformly dispersed in the nonmagnetic phase of the Au matrix, and the shape is changed. This invention relates to a gold-based permanent magnet alloy that is anisotropic and has a strong coercive force. <Prior art> As is well known, permanent magnets are widely used in various fields, but in recent years, with the development of electronic equipment, permanent magnets have been used in various industrial fields. There is a growing need for permanent magnets with excellent properties, and similar demands are also emerging for other industrial and decorative materials. So far, there are many alloys known as materials for permanent magnets, such as alnico, ferrite, rare earth, Fe-Cr-Co alloys, and precious metals. There are also alloys as main components, and for example, Pt group alloys, which have excellent workability, such as Pt-Co alloys, are mainly used. <Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the conventional alloy materials for permanent magnets have the disadvantage that they do not have the required sufficient workability, and cannot meet the needs. The problem was that the directionality of the ferromagnetic phase in the magnetic base material and the ability to enhance magnetic force were poor. In addition, there was a drawback that the magnetic properties did not vary widely depending on the additive elements, and the function of various electrical equipment was not necessarily well matched. <Objective of the Invention> The object of the invention of this application is to solve the technical problem of the permanent magnet alloy based on the above-mentioned prior art, and to create a permanent magnet alloy that is sufficiently processable, has excellent solid solubility, and is strong. In contrast to Au, where the magnetic phase is easily dispersed, Fe,
By adding Co and Ni, and further adding a magnetically reinforcing metal, and performing normal processing, aging treatment, etc., the ferromagnetic phase is uniformly dispersed in the non-magnetic matrix and it has magnetic properties. The purpose of this invention is to provide an excellent gold-based permanent magnet alloy that is useful in the field of electromagnetic technology in various industries. <Means/effects for solving the problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the invention of this application, which is based on the above-mentioned claims in accordance with the above-mentioned object, is to add a matrix non-magnetic phase to Au. Fe: 0.5 by weight as a ferromagnetic phase constituent material
~20%, Co: 0.5~10%, Ni: 0.1~10%, the rest is a gold alloy with Au and inevitable impurities, and further added with Cu: 0.5~20% and Zn: 0.5~10%. The above ferromagnetic metal for the Au matrix as a gold alloy
Increase the solubility of Fe and Co to facilitate plastic working, or add at least one of Ti and Zr by 0.05 to 2
% is added to promote the deoxidizing effect during melting and to make the precipitated magnetic particles finer in particle size to increase the coercive force.
After wire drawing with dies or general plastic processing such as rolling, aging treatment is performed in a temperature range of 300℃ to 600℃, and in that case, the temperature range is 3000℃ to 600℃.
A magnetic field of 5000 Oe is applied to finely precipitate ferromagnetic particles in parallel to the magnetic field, and then general plastic working is applied to elongate the precipitated ferromagnetic particles in the processing direction to achieve the specified permanent magnet characteristics. This technology takes technical measures to obtain the desired results. <Theoretical Background of the Invention> The theoretical background of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the added metal elements and each treatment in the invention of this application is as follows. That is, Fe, Co, and Ni are added to increase magnetization and magnetization strength.
The solid solubility of Fe in Au is up to 40%. If the amount of Fe added is large, the saturation magnetic flux density of the formed magnet increases proportionally, but if it exceeds 20% by weight, the plastic workability becomes difficult. Therefore, in this correlation, the upper limit is set to 20% by weight, and the minimum addition value is set to 0.5% by weight, which is the effective minimum of the saturation magnetic flux density. Next, as for Co, like Fe, although the saturation magnetic flux density of the obtained magnet increases as the amount of Co added increases, it inherently has a low solid solubility in Au.
10% by weight is the solid solubility limit, and if it exceeds it, plastic workability becomes impossible, so 10% by weight is the upper limit of addition, and conversely, below 0.5% by weight, it has no effect on the saturation magnetic flux density, so it is the minimum addition. It is a value. In addition, Ni not only forms a complete solid solution with the parent phase Au, but is also an element that forms austenite, so the precipitated ferromagnetic phase forms a face-centered cubic lattice similar to the parent phase Au. According to experiments, the upper limit for effectively participating in the function of improving processability and achieving that effective function is 10% by weight; beyond this, the processability decreases rapidly;
There is no effect at all below weight%, therefore,
The setting range is 0.1 to 10% by weight. Next, although Cu and Zn do not directly increase the saturation magnetic flux density of the alloy,
It has the function of promoting the solubility of ferromagnetic metals such as Fe and Co in Au, and to that extent it indirectly increases the saturation magnetic flux density and improves the plastic workability of the alloy. Therefore, if the amount of both metals added is less than 0.5% by weight, the above-mentioned indirect promoting effect will be weak, and if the amount of Cu added is more than 20% by weight, and if the amount of Zn is added more than 10% by weight, the magnetic properties will be negatively affected. To work, 0.5-20 wt% for Cu and for Zn
The optimum addition range is 0.5 to 10% by weight. In addition, Ti and Zr have a deoxidizing effect in the process of melting the alloy, and also have a function of finely and uniformly dispersing the ferromagnetic particles that precipitate in the aging process. is smooth and very effective in increasing the coercive force, and if both are added, they are still effective.According to experiments, the optimum addition range for each is 0.05 to 2.0% by weight. In addition, in aging treatment, the temperature range is 300°C to 600°C.
It is extremely effective when it is in the range of 300°C, but the reason is that it has almost no effect below 300°C, and
This is because at temperatures above 600°C, aging treatment is inhibited and the efficiency of ferromagnetic phase precipitation is reduced. Therefore, it is good to apply a magnetic field of 3000 to 5000 Oe during the aging treatment, but it is better to improve the magnetic properties by orienting the ferromagnetic particles that precipitate during the aging treatment in a direction parallel to the magnetic field. Case 3000Oe
In the following experiments, no orientation ability was observed in the magnetic field;
Also, if it exceeds 5000Oe, it will exceed the limit, so 3000~
The optimum range is 5000Oe. <Examples> Next, Examples of the invention of this application are shown in Table 1 as follows. All of the example alloys shown in Table 1 were melted in a well-known high-frequency melting furnace while blowing Ar gas, cast into a φ10 mm mold, and the resulting ingots were further heated in an Ar gas atmosphere at 1000°C. After solution treatment in the interior, reprocessing to φ6 mm, solution treatment again under the same conditions as above, that is, in an Ar gas atmosphere, and finally swaging to 75%
The surface material of each sample with a diameter of 3.0 mm was obtained by plastic working.

[Table] Regarding the processing of the alloys of the samples in each of the above examples, for the alloys of sample numbers 1 to 8, the sample material φ3.0 mm was heated and aged at the design temperature in an Ar gas atmosphere electric furnace. It has been processed. In addition, for the alloys of sample numbers 9 and 10, as described above, the φ3.0 mm sample material was subjected to heat aging treatment at the design temperature in an Ar gas atmosphere electric furnace, and a magnetic field of a set Oe was applied from the outside. For alloys with sample numbers 11 and 12, the same φ3.0 mm sample material alloys were heated and aged at the design temperature in an Ar gas atmosphere electric furnace, and then plastic working was performed again using swaging at a working rate of 55%. It is ivy. It goes without saying that the embodiments of the invention of this application are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, for plastic working before and after heat aging treatment, in addition to swaging, wire rolling with a die, rolling, etc. Various embodiments can be adopted, including the following means. <Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the invention of this application, in a gold-based permanent magnet alloy in which other elements are added to gold, ferromagnetic elements such as Fe, Co, and Ni are basically added to gold as described in the preceding claims. By adding within the effective value range of Energy product 0.25~
The remarkable effect of obtaining excellent magnetic properties of 0.38 MG Oe has been achieved, and in addition, the good workability of gold as a matrix makes it easy to process electrical components such as electronic devices in various fields. It also has the excellent effect of appearing as Also, in addition to the above Fe, Co, and Ni, Cu and Zn are added as a tertiary
By adding the element within the effective range described in the claims, the above-mentioned Table 1 sample number 4,
As shown in Figure 5, Fe,
By increasing the solubility of Co, the plastic workability is significantly improved and the compatibility of the magnet with equipment can be improved. Furthermore, by adding at least one of Ti and Zr as other third elements in the range set forth in the claims above, the precipitated ferromagnetic particles are finely and uniformly dispersed. , as seen in Sample Nos. 6, 7, and 8 in Table 1, not only do they have the advantage of greatly increasing the coercive force, but their addition also facilitates deoxidation.
It has the advantage of having an extremely good surface condition. The photograph shown in Fig. 1 is an electron micrograph of the example alloy of Document No. 9, and it is clear that the precipitated ferromagnetic particles extend and are oriented in the direction of the magnetic field with respect to the non-magnetic matrix phase. observed. Then, as seen in Figure 2, the sample number 11
As is clear from the electron micrograph, the orientation and shape anisotropy of the ferromagnetic phase are remarkable, and this is also evident from the hysteresis curves of samples Nos. 1 and 11 shown in FIG. As mentioned above, the gold-based permanent magnet alloy of the invention of this application can obtain various magnetic properties depending on the setting conditions, so it can be used not only for electronic devices but also for various industrial materials, decorative materials, etc. There are also effects that can be used.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show examples of the invention of this application; FIG. 1 is a microscopic organizational diagram of one embodiment, FIG. 2 is a microscopic organizational diagram of another embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a graph of hysteresis. be.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Metal composition is Fe0.5-20% and Co0.5-10% by weight.
%, Ni0.1~10%, balance Au, after plastic working
Aging heat treatment is performed in the temperature range of 300° to 600°C,
A gold-based permanent magnetic alloy in which ferromagnetic phases of Fe, Co, and Ni are finely precipitated and dispersed in the nonmagnetic phase of the Au matrix. 2 Metal composition is Fe0.5~20%, Co00.5~10 by weight ratio
%, Ni0.1 to 10%, and the remainder consists of Au.
The weight ratio elements of 0.5 to 20% Cu and 0.5 to 10% Zn are added, and after plastic working, aging heat treatment is performed in the temperature range of 300° to 600°C, and the non-magnetic phase of the Au matrix contains Fe,
A gold-based permanent magnetic alloy in which ferromagnetic phases of Co and Ni are finely precipitated and dispersed. 3 Metal composition is Fe0.5-20%, Co0.5-10 by weight ratio
%, Ni0.1~10%, balance Au, and further
At least one element with a weight ratio of 0.05 to 2% Ti and 0.05 to 2% Zr is added, and the temperature is 300° to 600°C after plastic working.
A gold-based permanent magnet alloy that has been subjected to aging heat treatment in the temperature range of 100 to 1000 ml, and has ferromagnetic phases of Fe, Co, and Ni finely precipitated and dispersed in the nonmagnetic phase of the Au matrix.