JPH01141005A - Cutting of plasticizable material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to prevent deformation of the cut face from occurrence while breakage and unevenness of the cut face is being depressed min., by cutting a plasticizable material by using a cutting member to which a specified ultrasonic vibration is given. CONSTITUTION:A vibrating cutter 3 consists of a vibrator 3b and a blade member 3a and it is set under such a condition that the blade is faced in an oblique downward direction. A blade apex of the blade member 3a is slightly vibrated with ultrasonic waves oscillated by an ultrasonic oscillator 13 in the arrow mark direction in the range of the amplitude of 10-40mum and the frequency of 15-25kHz, preferably in the high speed range of the amplitude of 20-35mum and the frequency of 19-22kHz. When a material to be cut is cut, the blade apex of the vibrating cutter 3 is slightly vibrated with a high speed in the arrow mark direction and at the same time, the vibrating cutter 3 is rocked in the same direction by starting a motor of a rocking apparatus 4. Under this condition, a moving stage 2 is moved to the right direction and the material to be cut 5 is moved to the blade apex of the vibrating cutter 3. Therefore, the material to be cut 5 is cut and divided by means of the blade apex of the vibrating cutter 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is applicable to semi-plastic or plastic materials such as a semi-hardened state before completely solidifying, solidifying or hardening foamed concrete, mortar foam, precast concrete, etc. The present invention relates to a method for cutting a plastic material such as a cement-containing mixture.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures during the production of ALC (foamed concrete treated with high temperature and high pressure steam), etc., have been cut using a cutting member such as a plate-shaped blade of a rotary saw, or a cutting line of steel wire, etc. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-54809, JP-A No. 60-54B1O, JP-A No. 60-54)
Publication No. 4811.

JP-A-60-56509 and JP-A-60-588
(See Publication No. 07, etc.).

Incidentally, the term "cement-containing mixture" refers to a mixture imparted with hydraulic properties by cement, and the above-mentioned cement is understood in a broad sense to mean slag, gypsum, lime, etc. in addition to Portland cement.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, with the rotary saw, etc., scratches and other defects occur on the cut surface, and with steel wire, etc., when cutting, the circular cross section of the steel wire etc. does not touch the cut surface of the object to be cut. There was a problem in that the cut surface was roughened and did not become smooth due to passing through the cut surface.

Therefore, in order to minimize the damage on the cut surface as described above, it is best to cut with a sharp blade such as a kitchen knife, but with semi-plastic or plastic semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures, the side surface of the blade Adhesive force is generated between the two, resulting in deformation of the cut surface.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, the present invention has been developed to minimize deformation of the cut surface while minimizing chipping and unevenness of the cut surface when cutting plastic materials such as semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures. The purpose is to provide a cutting method that can suppress the occurrence of this problem.

Means for Solving the Problems> For this reason, the present invention provides a method for treating plastic materials with an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm9.
The cutting method uses a cutting member to which ultrasonic vibrations with a frequency of 15 to 25 kHz are applied.

(Function) In this method of cutting by applying specific ultrasonic vibrations to the cutting member, it is possible to cut into a smooth surface without causing scratches or other defects on the cut surface, and it is possible to cut the object to be cut and the blade. Since the adhesive force between the cutting member and the side surface of the cutting member is extremely reduced, cutting can be performed without causing deformation of the cutting surface.

<Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

First, an example of a cutting device for achieving the method of cutting plastic materials according to the present invention will be explained based on FIG.

The cutting device shown in the figure includes a pedestal l installed on the floor, a movable cart 2 installed on the pedestal l, a vibrating cutter 3 supported by the movable dolly 2, and a swinging cutter attached to the vibrating cuffer 3. It consists of a device 4 and a moving table 6 on which a workpiece 5 such as a semi-hardened cement-containing mixture is placed and supported.

The pedestal 1 is composed of a pedestal portion 1a and support legs 1b.

The movable cart 2 moves the vibrating cutter 3 relative to the object 5 on the movable table 6, and is equipped with casters 7 on the base 2a. A vertical frame 2b extending vertically upward is erected at one end of the platform 2a of the movable trolley 2. An inclined plate 9 extending downwardly toward the end is rotatably supported. The inclined plate 9 can be rotated up and down by the expansion and contraction movement of the operating rod 10a of the cylinder 10 that connects the inclined plate 9 and the platform 2a.

The vibrating cutter 3 cuts the object 5 by vibrating the cutting edge of its blade portion 3a, and is supported by an inclined plate 9 so that the cutting edge is positioned above the movable table 6. That is, a guide rail 11 is provided on the inclined plate 9 along the longitudinal direction of the base portion 1a of the pedestal 1, and a rail member 12 is movably attached to the guide rail 11. A vibrating cutter 3 is fixedly attached to the upper surface of this rail member 12.

This vibration cutter 3 has a vibrator 3 as shown in FIG.
b and a blade part 3a, and is arranged with the cutting edge facing diagonally downward. Then, the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic oscillator 13 transmit the blade portion 3a through the vibrator 3b.
The cutting edge moves in the direction of the arrow in the figure with an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm and a frequency of 1.
within the range of 5 to 25 kHz, preferably with an amplitude of 20 to 35
It is designed to vibrate at a high speed of μm1 frequency of 19 to 22 kHz.

The swinging device 4 swings the vibration cutter 3 in the vibration direction of the cutting edge, imparts vibration and swinging action to the cutting edge at the same time, and facilitates cutting, and is attached to the vibration cutter 3. .

That is, at a position above the guide rail 11 on the inclined plate 9 of the movable trolley 2, a rotating shaft 16, which has a cam member 14 attached to one end and a transmission pulley 15 attached to the other end, connects the axis to the blade portion 3a of the cutter 3. It is rotatably supported perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of. A base end of a connecting rod 17 whose axial length can be adjusted is rotatably attached to a position eccentric from the center of the outer surface of the cam member 14.
The tip is rotatably attached to the end of the vibrating cutter 3.

A drive pulley attached to the output shaft of a motor (not shown) is connected to the transmission pulley 15 via a transmission belt, and the rotational force of the motor is transmitted to the rotation shaft 16 to rotate the cam member 14, and the connecting rod 17 The base end of the connecting rod 17 is rotated about the axis of the rotating shaft 16 to move the connecting rod 17 up and down, thereby causing the vibrating cutter 3 to swing at a predetermined speed in the vibration direction.

The moving table 6 is composed of a belt conveyor, a moving cart, or the like, and is used to transport the workpiece 5 mounted and supported on the upper part to a predetermined position.

Next, when cutting the object 5 with the cutting device, first move the movable cart 2 to the left in the figure, then operate the moving table 6 to move the object 5 below the base portion 1a of the pedestal l. move it to

Next, a switch (not shown) is turned on to cause the cutting edge of the vibrating cutter 3 to vibrate slightly at high speed in the direction of the arrow, and the motor of the swinging device 4 is started to swing the vibrating cutter 3 in the same direction. In this state, the movable cart 2 is moved to the right in the figure, and the object to be cut 5 is moved relative to the blade edge of the vibrating cutter 3.

Therefore, the object to be cut 5 is moved by the vibrating cuff 3 which vibrates and oscillates.
It is cut and divided by the cutting edge of the blade. When the cutting and division is completed, the movable cart 2 has moved to the right side in the figure, and when the operating rod 10a of the cylinder 10 is raised at this stage, the inclined plate 9 of the movable cart 2 swings about the hinge 8. do.

This causes the vibrating cutter 3 to rise. Next, when the movable cart 2 is moved to the right in the figure, the vibrating cutter 3 has risen, so that the cutting edge of the vibrating cutter 3 is placed on the left side of the figure before cutting, without the workpiece 5 touching the cutting edge. will return. After that, the moving table 6 on which the object to be cut 5 is placed and supported
is operated to convey the object 5 to be cut from below the stand portion 1a of the gantry 1 to the front or rear in the figure.

The method for cutting a plastic material according to the present invention uses the above cutting device with an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm.

It is characterized in that a cutting member to which ultrasonic vibrations of a frequency of 15 to 25 kHz are applied, that is, a blade portion 3a of a vibration cutter 3, is used to cut a plastic material such as a semi-hardened cement-containing mixture in the process of manufacturing foamed concrete or the like.

According to this cutting method, the plastic material can be cut into a smooth surface without scratches or other defects on the cut surface, and the adhesive force between the plastic material and the side surface of the blade of the vibrating cutter 3- is extremely reduced. Therefore, cutting can be performed without causing deformation of the cut surface.

As mentioned above, the ultrasonic vibration applied to the blade part of the vibrating cutter 3 has an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm and a frequency of 15 to 25 kHz.
Preferably amplitude 20-35 μm 1 frequency 19-22 kHz
z, and such conditions have been found to be particularly optimal through experiments by the present inventors.

In the cutting device of this embodiment, the length of the blade portion of the vibrating cutter 3 is preferably 300 mm or less. Further, in the cutting device of this embodiment, the cutting edge of the vibrating cutter 3 is vibrated and swung at the same time, which has the following effects.

That is, depending on the shape, material, and frequency of the blade portion 3a to which ultrasonic vibrations have been applied, nodes A, which do not vibrate, are formed at certain positions, as shown in FIG. By swinging the blade 3a, the node A moves relative to the object to be cut 5, and the sharpness of the blade 3a is maintained over a long period of time.
Durability can be improved. This swing width is preferably 30 to 50 mm.

In the above embodiment, as a cutting device for achieving the method of the present invention, a vibrating cutter 3 is arranged diagonally to improve its sharpness. Shows the cutter installed vertically.

In the figure, this cutting device includes a head 18 attached to the top of a support (not shown), an elevating device built into the head 18, and an ultrasonic transducer 1 at the lower end of the elevating device.
9, a table 21 for placing an object 25 to be cut, which is movably or rotatably provided on the base of a support in a horizontal plane, and the table 21 is moved. Alternatively, it is provided with a drive device (not shown) for rotation.

In addition, 22 is a cone, 23 is a horn attached to the lower end of the cone 22, and the cone 22 is the ultrasonic vibrator 1.
The vibration from 9 is amplified and transmitted to the horn 23,
3 has the function of equalizing and transmitting the vibrations from the cone 22 in its longitudinal direction.

Further, the blade body 20 and the horn 23 each have a plurality of vertically extending slits 24 formed at positions spaced apart from each other in the width direction. Incidentally, this slit 24 has the following effects.

That is, the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator 19 is transmitted to the blade body 20 via the cone 22 and the horn 23, and this vibration energy causes the blade body 20 to vibrate ultrasonically in the direction of the blade edge (vertical direction). In addition, transverse waves are generated in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the blade body 2o. This is a standing wave that travels up and down (vertical direction) or left and right (horizontal direction) of the blade body 20, and its wavelength is related to the vertical and horizontal lengths of the blade body 2o. Therefore, in order to prevent these standing waves, a gap is formed to prevent wave transmission, and in order to effectively block waves in the left and right width directions in particular, it is necessary to separate the blade body 20 and the horn 23 in this direction. The slit 24 extending vertically is effective.

This cutting device also achieves a method of cutting plastic materials such as semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures in the process of manufacturing foamed concrete etc. using a cutting member, that is, the blade 20, to which ultrasonic vibrations of 10 to 40 μm in amplitude and 15 to 25 kHz in frequency are applied. can.

In addition, in the case of this cutting device, the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration is
By setting the cutting edge to be maximum at zero, the sharpness of the blade can be maintained for a long period of time without swinging the blade body 20.

In addition, in the above two cutting devices, it is necessary to change the ultrasonic output depending on the thickness and hardness of the object to be cut. For example, if the thickness of the cut surface is 100 m1 or less, the output of the ultrasonic oscillator is 300 m1 or less. If the number is less than 300 cranes, it should be set to 600-.

In the above explanation, the cutting of a semi-hardened cement-containing mixture during the production of foamed concrete etc. was given as an example, but the invention is not limited to this, and the cutting of a similar semi-plastic or plastic material can also be used. can also have the same effect.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, a method of cutting a plastic material using a cutting member to which ultrasonic vibrations of a specific amplitude and frequency found by the present inventors are applied is provided. Therefore, it is possible to cut into a smooth surface without causing scratches or other defects on the cut surface, and the adhesive force between the object to be cut and the side surface of the cutting member such as a blade is extremely reduced, so the cut surface is smooth. Can be cut without deformation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a cutting device for achieving the plastic material cutting method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the amplitude distribution of the vibration cutter in the same device, and FIG. 3 is a cutting device It is a schematic block diagram showing the other side. 2...Moving trolley 3...Vibrating cutter 5...
・Object to be cut 6... Moving table 3a... Blade portion 3b... Vibrator 18... Head 19...
・Ultrasonic vibrator 20... Blade 21... Table 22... Cone 23... Horn 25.
...Patent applicant for the object to be cut Niigata Iron Works Co., Ltd. Niigata Plant Service Co., Ltd. Representative Patent attorney Fujio Sasashima Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] The amplitude of the plastic material is 10 to 40 μm, and the frequency is 15 to 25 kHz.
A method for cutting a plastic material, the method comprising cutting a plastic material using a cutting member to which an ultrasonic vibration of z is applied.