JPH0535647B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is a method for completely solidifying foamed concrete, mortar foam, precast concrete, etc.
The present invention relates to a method for cutting a plastic material such as a cement-containing mixture having semi-plasticity or plasticity in a semi-hardened state before solidification or hardening.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures during the production of ALC (foamed concrete treated with high temperature and high pressure steam) etc. have been cut using a plate-shaped blade such as a rotary saw or a cutting line such as a steel wire. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-54809, JP-A No. 60-54810, JP-A-60-54811, JP-A-60-56509 and JP-A-60-58807) (See official bulletins, etc.)

Incidentally, the term "cement-containing mixture" refers to a mixture imparted with hydraulic properties by cement, and the above-mentioned cement is understood in a broad sense to mean slag, gypsum, lime, etc. in addition to Portland cement.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, with the rotary saw, etc., scratches and other defects occur on the cut surface, and with steel wire, etc., the circular cross section of the steel wire, etc., occurs when cutting the object to be cut. There was a problem in that the cut surface was roughened by passing through the surface and was not smooth.

Therefore, in order to minimize the above-mentioned defects on the cut surface, it is best to cut with a sharp blade such as a kitchen knife, but with semi-plastic or plastic semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures, Adhesive force is generated between the two and the cut surface is deformed.

Furthermore, a cutting method using a cutting device as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is conventionally known.

This cutting device includes a vibrating cutter 3 supported by a movable cart 2 on a frame 1, a swinging device 4 attached to the vibrating cutter 3, and a workpiece 5 such as a semi-hardened cement-containing mixture placed and supported. It is composed of a moving table 6.

The vibrating cutter 3 cuts the workpiece 5 by vibrating the cutting edge of its blade portion 3a, and is supported by the inclined plate 9 via the rail member 12 so that the cutting edge is located at the upper surface of the movable table 6. It is arranged.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vibrating cutter 3 consists of a vibrator 3b and a blade portion 3a, and is arranged with the cutting edge facing diagonally downward. The ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic oscillator 13 cause the cutting edge of the blade portion 3a to vibrate slightly in the direction of the arrow in the figure via the vibrator 3b.

The swinging device 4 swings the vibrating cutter 3 in the direction of vibration of the cutting edge, imparting vibration and swinging action to the cutting edge at the same time, thereby facilitating cutting.

The cutting method using the above-described cutting device involves cutting a plastic material using the blade portion 3a of the vibrating cutter 3 to which ultrasonic vibrations have been applied.
It is made to swing in the longitudinal direction.

By the way, as in the above-mentioned cutting method, the blade to which ultrasonic vibrations are applied depends on its shape, material, and frequency, so that, for example, as shown in FIG. There is a problem in that the cutting surface becomes extremely sharp and the cut surface is not smooth.

For this reason, as in the above-mentioned cutting method, the blade body is oscillated in the direction of vibration of the cutting edge, and the swinging action is applied to the cutting edge at the same time as the vibration, thereby moving the section A, as described above. We make sure that no problems occur.

For this reason, in the conventional cutting method, it is necessary to equip the cutting device with a device that constantly swings the blade while cutting, which leads to the problem of complicating the cutting device and increasing the manufacturing cost of the device. It was hot.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to cut the cut surface while minimizing damage and unevenness of the cut surface when cutting plastic materials such as semi-hardened cement-containing mixtures. To provide a cutting method that can suppress the occurrence of deformation, and also allows the use of a cutting device that has a simple configuration and is inexpensive to manufacture.

<Means for solving the problem> For this reason, the present invention provides a method for applying a plastic material to a plate-shaped blade body having holes formed therein, with an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm and a frequency of 15 to 40 μm.
This is a method for cutting plastic materials by using the blade while applying ultrasonic vibrations of 25 kHz.

<Function> In this way, the plate-shaped blade has a specific amplitude,
The method of cutting by applying high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations does not cause scratches or other defects on the cut surface, can cut into smooth surfaces, and also reduces the adhesion between the plastic material and the side surface of the plate-shaped blade. Since the force is extremely reduced, cutting can be performed without causing deformation of the cut surface.

Additionally, blades subjected to ultrasonic vibration have knots that do not vibrate at certain positions due to standing waves, which causes extremely poor cutting ability and a problem in that the cut surface is not smooth. However, as mentioned above, if holes are formed in the plate-shaped blade body, the above-mentioned standing waves can be prevented, and the ultrasonic vibration can be transmitted evenly to the cutting edge, eliminating the nodal parts that do not vibrate, and intentionally making the blade sharper. It is no longer necessary to apply swinging motion to the body during cutting, and there is no need to provide the cutting device with a device that constantly swings the blade while cutting, so the cutting device can be simplified and the manufacturing cost of the device can be reduced. It is also possible to keep the cost low.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

First, an example of a cutting device for achieving the method for cutting plastic materials according to the present invention will be explained based on FIG.

This cutting device includes a head 18 attached to the top of a support head (not shown), an elevating device built into the head 18, and a plate-shaped device attached to the lower end of the elevating device via an ultrasonic vibrator 19. A blade body 20, a table 21 for placing a plastic material 25 as an object to be cut, which is provided movably or rotatably in a horizontal plane on the base of a support body, and a table 21 for placing a plastic material 25 as an object to be cut, and for moving or rotating the placing table 21. It is equipped with a drive device (not shown), etc. for moving the vehicle.

In addition, 22 is a cone, 23 is a horn attached to the lower end of the cone 22, and the cone 22 amplifies the vibration from the ultrasonic vibrator 19 to generate the horn 2.
The horn 23 has the function of equalizing and transmitting vibrations from the cone 22 in its longitudinal direction.

In addition, a plurality of slits 24 are formed in the blade body 20 and the horn 23 at positions spaced apart from each other in the width direction, each serving as a hole extending vertically.

The method for cutting a plastic material according to the present invention uses the above-described cutting device to cut a plastic material 25 such as a semi-hardened cement-containing mixture in the process of manufacturing foamed concrete into a board in which a slit 24 as a hole is formed. Vibration 10-40μm, frequency on the shaped blade 20
The blade 2 while applying ultrasonic vibration of 15 to 25kHz.
It is characterized by cutting at 0.

According to this cutting method, the plastic material 25 can be cut into a smooth surface without scratches or other defects on the cut surface, and the adhesive force between the plastic material 25 and the side surface of the blade body 20 is extremely reduced. Therefore, cutting can be performed without causing deformation of the cut surface.

As mentioned above, the ultrasonic vibration applied to the blade body 20 has an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm and a frequency of 15 to 25 kHz, preferably an amplitude of 20 to 35 μm and a frequency of 19 to 22 kHz, and these conditions are based on experiments conducted by the present inventors. In particular, it has been found to be optimal.

Here, a slit 24 is formed in the blade body 20 and the horn 23.
By forming this, the following actions and effects are achieved.

That is, although vibrations from the ultrasonic vibrator 19 are transmitted to the blade body 20 via the cone 22 and the horn 23, this vibration energy is transmitted to the blade body 20.
Not only is the blade vibrated ultrasonically in the direction of the blade edge (vertical direction), but also transverse waves are generated in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the blade body 20. This is a standing wave that travels up and down (vertical direction) or left and right (horizontal direction) of the blade body 20, and its wavelength is related to the vertical and horizontal lengths of the blade body 20. Therefore, in order to prevent these standing waves, the slit 24 that prevents wave transmission is formed.In particular, in order to effectively block waves in the left and right width directions, the blade body 20 and horn 23 should be moved in this direction. The slit 24 extending vertically so as to divide it is effective.

That is, by cutting the plastic material 25 with the plate-shaped blade 20 in which the slit 24 is formed, standing waves can be prevented, ultrasonic waves can be transmitted evenly to the cutting edge, and no vibration occurs. Since there are no knots, good sharpness can be obtained, and the cut surface can be made smooth.

In the case of the above-mentioned cutting device, it is preferable to set the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration to be maximum at the cutting edge of the blade body 20, so that the sharpness of the blade portion can be maintained for a long time even without swinging the blade body 20. Can be maintained over time.

Further, in the above cutting device, it is preferable to change the ultrasonic output depending on the thickness and hardness of the plastic material 25 that is the object to be cut. For example, when the thickness of the cutting surface is 100 mm or less, the output of the ultrasonic oscillator is It is recommended to use 300W and 600W for 300mm or less.

In the above explanation, the cutting of a semi-hardened cement-containing mixture during the production of foamed concrete, etc. was given as an example, but the invention is not limited to this, and the cutting of a similar semi-plastic or plastic material can also be used. A similar effect can be achieved.

In the above embodiment, the slit 24 is used as the hole, but other shapes such as circular,
It can be any size.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, a plastic material is transferred to a plate-shaped blade body having a hole at a specific amplitude and frequency found by the present inventors. Since this is a method of cutting with the blade while applying ultrasonic vibration, there is no damage such as scratches on the cut surface of the plastic material, it is possible to cut into a smooth surface, and the plastic material and the side surface of the blade are Since the adhesive force between the
A blade that can cut without deforming the cutting surface and that has been subjected to ultrasonic vibration has nodes that do not vibrate at certain positions due to standing waves, but in order to prevent these standing waves, The cutting method uses a plate-shaped blade with holes to prevent the transmission of waves, resulting in good sharpness and a smooth cut surface. Let it move,
There is no need to provide vibration and oscillation to the cutting edge at the same time, and there are advantages in that the cutting device can be simplified and the manufacturing cost of the device can be kept low.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a cutting device that achieves the plastic material cutting method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a cutting device that achieves the conventional cutting method, and FIG. 3 FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the amplitude distribution in the vibrating cutter of the same device. 19... Ultrasonic vibrator, 20... Blade body, 24...
...Slit, 25...Plastic material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for cutting a plastic material, which comprises cutting the plastic material with a plate-shaped blade in which a hole is formed while applying ultrasonic vibrations with an amplitude of 10 to 40 μm and a frequency of 15 to 25 kHz. .