JP7523230B2 - Insulated exterior wall structure and building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an insulated exterior wall structure for a building, and to the building.

In recent years, high insulation is required for buildings such as houses. Various ideas have been devised to improve the insulation of the exterior walls that form the periphery of the building. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes that the first and second insulation plates that form the exterior wall are arranged at a distance in the thickness direction of the exterior wall, and an air layer is formed between these two insulation plates, thereby providing the exterior wall with a triple insulation structure consisting of the first and second insulation plates and the air layer. By forming such an air layer inside the exterior wall, the insulation of the exterior wall as a whole can be improved, and the outflow of heat from inside the building to the outdoors can be suppressed, especially during the cold winter season.

JP 2005-9087 A

However, in the exterior wall structure with the above air layer, there is a problem that in the hot and humid summer months, the temperature and humidity of the air in the air layer rise, making it difficult to expel the hot air and humidity to the outdoors. As a result, the temperature and humidity in the air layer become higher than the outside air, and there is a risk that, for example, the cooling efficiency when using an air conditioner will decrease or condensation will occur in the air layer.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide an insulated exterior wall structure and building that can properly exhaust hot air and moisture from within the air layer.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the thermally insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention is a thermally insulated exterior wall structure constituting an exterior wall of a building,
An exterior material, an interior material arranged along the exterior material, and an air layer formed between the exterior material and the interior material,
A ventilation louver capable of introducing outside air into the air layer or discharging air from the air layer is provided,
The overall shape of the opening of the ventilation louver is vertically long.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the ventilation louver is located at the upper end of the exterior wall of a specified floor of the building.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the ventilation grille is provided only at the upper end of the exterior wall of the top floor of the building.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the ventilation louver is provided in a position in the vertical direction where the upper part of the ventilation louver overlaps with the beam and the lower part of the ventilation louver overlaps with the air layer.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that a heat insulating material is disposed between the exterior material and the interior material, and the air layer is formed between the exterior material and the heat insulating material.

In the thermally insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, the product of the volumetric specific heat and the thickness of the exterior material is preferably 30 kJ/m ² K or more.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the exterior material is made of lightweight aerated concrete.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the lower part of the air layer is blocked from air flowing in and out of the room and the outside.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the air layer is 15 mm or less.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the ventilation grille has an opening and closing function.

In addition, in the insulated exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the overall shape of the opening of the ventilation louver is a vertically long rectangle.

The building of the present invention is characterized by having any of the above-mentioned insulating exterior wall structures.

The present invention provides an insulated exterior wall structure and building that can properly exhaust hot air and moisture from within the air layer.

1 is a cross-sectional side view showing an insulated exterior wall structure for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional side view showing a modified example of the insulated exterior wall structure of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a ventilation louver provided in the thermally insulated exterior wall structure of FIG. 1 . FIG. 4 is a front view showing another example of a ventilation louver provided in the thermally insulated exterior wall structure of FIG. 3 . FIG. 1 is a plan view of a building (experimental building) for verifying the effects of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the laboratory building shown in FIG. 5 . 1 is a graph showing the outside air temperature and the indoor temperature of the experimental building according to the embodiment and the comparative example. 1 is a graph showing the humidity of the outside air and the change in relative humidity in the space inside the beams of the experimental building for the examples and the comparative example.

One embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an insulated exterior wall structure 10 of a building 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The building 1 may be, for example, an industrialized house having a steel frame. The industrialized house may be, for example, a lower structure 2 such as a foundation 4 made of reinforced concrete, and an upper structure 3 having a framework composed of members such as columns and beams 5 and provided above the lower structure 2. The lower structure 2 is installed on the ground and supports the upper structure 3. Specifically, the foundation 4 constituting the lower structure 2 may be a continuous footing with a T-shaped cross section, and includes a footing portion 4a and a rising portion 4b as a foundation beam. The upper structure 3 includes a framework composed of multiple columns and multiple beams 5 erected between the columns, an exterior wall (peripheral wall) arranged on the outer periphery of the framework, and floor members 6 fixed on the beams 5 of the framework, and the exterior wall includes the insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment. The floor members 6 of each floor of this embodiment are composed of panels of lightweight foamed concrete (hereinafter referred to as "ALC". "ALC" is an abbreviation for "autoclaved light weight concrete"). Additionally, the components that make up the structure can be pre-standardized, in which case they are manufactured in advance at a factory and then transported to the construction site and assembled.

As shown in FIG. 1, the insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment, which constitutes the exterior wall (peripheral wall) of a building 1, includes an exterior material 11, an interior material 12, and an air layer 13. The exterior material 11 is provided with a ventilation louver 20 that can connect the air layer 13 to an outdoor space.

Further, a heat insulating material 14 is disposed between the exterior material 11 and the interior material 12. The heat insulating material 14 is disposed parallel to the exterior material 11, and disposed at a predetermined distance from the indoor surface of the exterior material 11. An air layer 13 is formed between the indoor surface of the exterior material 11 and the outdoor surface of the heat insulating material 14. Note that a fibrous heat insulating material such as rock wool, glass wool, cellulose fiber, etc. may be disposed between the heat insulating material 14 and the outdoor surface of the interior material 12.
The heat insulating material 14 may be disposed adjacent to the exterior surface of the interior material 12 so as to be in contact with it, or may be disposed at a distance from the exterior surface of the interior material 12. The heat insulating material 14 in this example is disposed so as to cover the entire interior material 12 from the exterior side.

The exterior material 11 can be, for example, an ALC panel. The ALC panels are, for example, rectangular plates, and are arranged vertically and horizontally along the outer periphery of the building 1. The exterior material 11 is not limited to an ALC panel, and can be, for example, a PC concrete panel, an extruded cement board, or a wood panel. The exterior material 11 can also be a panel material such as an ALC panel that is manufactured in advance at a factory, or can be cast at a construction site. A joint is formed between two adjacent sheets of exterior material 11, and a sealant is cast into the joint to fill the gap between the adjacent exterior materials 11.

The exterior materials 11 are connected so as to surround the outer periphery of the frame. Each ALC panel as the exterior material 11 is fixed to the upper and lower beams of each floor as the structural members of the building 1 by fastening members such as bolts via connecting metal such as L-shaped metal. More specifically, the ALC panel as the exterior material 11 arranged on the first floor of the building 1 has its upper end fixed to the floor beam 5a (upper beam of the first floor) of the second floor and its lower end fixed to the rising part 4b (lower beam of the first floor) as the foundation beam. Also, the ALC panel as the exterior material 11 arranged on the second floor of the building 1 has its upper end fixed to the floor beam 5b (upper beam of the second floor) of the roof floor and its lower end fixed to the floor beam 5a (lower beam of the second floor). The arrangement and fixing method of the exterior material 11 are not particularly limited. Also, the beams 5 (5a, 5b) in this embodiment are made of H-shaped steel, but are not limited thereto.

The interior material 12 is arranged along the exterior material 11. The interior material 12 is arranged parallel to the exterior material 11 and at a predetermined distance from the indoor surface of the exterior material 11. The interior material 12 is composed of a plate material such as plasterboard. The interior material 12 is fixed to a base material located on the outdoor side of the interior material 12 with fasteners such as screws. An air layer 13 and insulating material 14 are located between the outdoor surface of the interior material 12 and the indoor surface of the exterior material 11.

In this example, the air layer 13 is partitioned and formed between the exterior material 11 (its indoor surface) and the insulation material 14 (its outdoor surface). The air layer 13 functions as an insulation layer that enhances the insulation layer in the insulated exterior wall structure 10.

Figure 2 shows a modified example of the insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment that constitutes the exterior wall (perimeter wall) of the building 1. In the example of Figure 2, insulation material 14 is provided on the rooftop side of the interior material 12 in the ceiling part of the top floor. Between the insulation material 14 and the floor member 6 is an air layer, and the air layer communicates with the ventilation louver 20.

The lower part of the air layer 13 is blocked from the inflow and outflow of air to the indoors and outdoors. In other words, the air layer 13 does not communicate with the outdoor space except for the ventilation louver 20, and is blocked (does not communicate) with the indoor space (the space inside the interior material 12).

The insulation material 14 may be a panel-shaped insulation material made of a foamed resin material such as phenol foam, polystyrene foam, or urethane foam, or a fiber-based insulation material such as rock wool. This insulation material 14 is arranged along the outdoor surface of the interior material 12.

The ventilation louver 20 is configured to be able to introduce outside air into the air layer 13 or to exhaust the air in the air layer 13 to the outdoors. In other words, the ventilation louver 20 is configured to be able to appropriately exhaust the hot air and humidity in the air layer 13 to the outdoors.

As shown in FIG. 3, the ventilation louver 20 has an opening 21 and a frame portion 22 surrounding the opening 21. The overall shape of the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is vertically long with a height H greater than a width W. Here, the "overall shape of the opening is vertically long" of the ventilation louver 20 means that the height H (maximum dimension in the vertical direction) is greater than the width W (maximum dimension in the horizontal direction) of the overall shape of the opening 21 composed of one or more holes 21a. In other words, when the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is composed of only one hole 21a as shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the one hole 21a is vertically long (the height H is greater than the width W), and when the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is composed of multiple holes 21b as shown in FIG. 4, the shape of the approximately rectangular imaginary outline L surrounding all of the multiple holes 21b is vertically long. The opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 shown in FIG. 4 is composed of 18 holes 21b arranged at intervals from each other in the vertical and horizontal directions. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the frame portion 22 in this embodiment has a vertically long rectangular shape, but is not limited to this, and the shape of the frame portion 22 can be changed as appropriate. Also, as long as the overall shape of the opening 21 is vertically long, the shape of the frame portion 22 does not have to be vertically long.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is composed of one rectangular hole 21a, and the height H (mm) is greater than the width W (mm). The shape of the opening 21 can be changed as appropriate. For example, the shape of the hole 21a is not limited to a rectangle, and may be another polygonal shape, an ellipse, or the like. In addition, when the opening 21 is composed of multiple holes 21b (see FIG. 4), all the holes 21b may be the same, or holes of different shapes or sizes may be combined. In addition, when the opening 21 is composed of multiple holes 21b, as long as the overall shape of the opening 21 is vertically long, the shape of each hole 21b does not have to be vertically long. For example, it may be a horizontal shape with a width W greater than the height H, or a circle, a square, or the like with the width W and height H being the same. In addition, as long as the overall shape of the opening 21 is vertically long, the arrangement of the multiple holes 21b is not particularly limited.

As described above, the insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment includes an exterior material 11, an interior material 12 arranged along the exterior material 11, and an air layer 13 formed between the exterior material 11 and the interior material 12, and has a ventilation louver 20 that can introduce outside air into the air layer 13 or discharge air from the air layer 13, and the overall shape of the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is vertically long. In this way, since the overall shape of the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is vertically long, it is easy to introduce outside air through the lower part of the opening 21 while discharging hot air and moisture in the air layer 13 through the upper part of the opening 21. As a result, the hot air and moisture in the air layer 13 can be efficiently discharged more quickly. That is, when the overall shape of the opening 21 is vertically long, the hot air and moisture in the air layer 13 can be efficiently discharged more quickly than when, for example, the opening area of the opening 21 is the same and the overall shape of the opening 21 is horizontal with the width W larger than the height H, or a circle (perfect circle) or square with the height H and the width W being the same. The dimensions of height H and width W can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the design of the building 1 and the strength of the exterior wall material, and are not particularly limited, but it is practically preferable for height H to be in the range of 200 mm or more and 380 mm or less, and width W to be in the range of 30 mm or more and 80 mm or less.

In this way, the insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment and the building 1 equipped with the insulated exterior wall structure 10 make it possible to properly exhaust hot air and moisture from within the air layer 13.

The position of the ventilation louver 20 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, the upper end of the exterior wall of each floor of the building 1, the lower end of the exterior wall, or the center in the height direction. However, in order to more effectively exhaust the hot air in the air layer 13, it is preferable that the ventilation louver 20 is located at the upper end of the exterior wall of a specified floor of the building 1. Here, in FIG. 1, the ventilation louver 20 located at the upper end of the exterior wall of the second floor (top floor) of the building 1 is shown by a solid line, and the ventilation louver 20 located at the upper end of the exterior wall of the first floor of the building 1 is shown by a two-dot chain line. In this way, by arranging the ventilation louver 20 at the upper end of the exterior wall of a specified floor, the hot air moves upward in the air layer 13, so that the hot air in the air layer 13 can be more effectively exhausted. In addition, if the building 1 has two or more floors, the ventilation louver 20 may be provided on each floor, or may be provided only on a specified floor.

Since high-temperature gas tends to remain at the top of the air layer 13, it is desirable to provide a ventilation louver 20 at the upper end of the exterior wall of the top floor of the building 1. This configuration allows the hot air in the air layer 13 to be efficiently exhausted. Also, to prevent the ventilation louver 20 from deteriorating the appearance and increasing costs, it is more desirable to provide the ventilation louver 20 only at the upper end of the exterior wall of the top floor of the building 1.

The ventilation louver 20 is preferably provided in a position in the vertical direction where the upper part of the ventilation louver 20 overlaps with the beams 5 (5a, 5b) and the lower part of the ventilation louver 20 overlaps with the air layer 13. With this configuration, hot air and moisture that are trapped in the relatively large space inside the beams 5 can be effectively discharged to the outdoors, and hot air and moisture from the air layer 13 can also be effectively discharged to the outdoors.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the insulation material 14 is disposed between the exterior material 11 and the interior material 12, and an air layer 13 is formed (compartment formed) between the exterior material 11 and the insulation material 14. With this configuration, the thermal resistance of each of the exterior material 11, the air layer 13, and the insulation material 14 can be effectively reflected in the insulation performance of the exterior wall as a whole. As a result, the insulation properties of the exterior wall can be effectively improved.

Also, the product of the volumetric specific heat and thickness of the exterior material 11 can be set to 30 kJ/ ^m2K or more. The larger the heat capacity of such an exterior wall material, the more likely it is that the temperature of the air layer 13 will be high due to the storage of solar heat, and the installation of the ventilation louver 20 will be more effective. Here, an ALC panel made of lightweight aerated concrete is an exterior wall material with a large heat capacity, and it is known that the volumetric specific heat of an ALC panel is 660 kJ/ ^m3K (Tanaka Shunroku, Takeda Jin, Adachi Tetsuo, Tsuchiya Takao, "Latest Architectural Environmental Engineering (Revised 2nd Edition)", Inoue Shoin, p. 178). For a typical ALC panel with a thickness of 5 cm, the product of the volumetric specific heat and thickness is 33 kJ/ ^m2K , so an exterior material whose product of the volumetric specific heat and thickness is approximately equal to or more than that value was selected. The combination of the volumetric specific heat and thickness of the exterior material 11 is not limited to 660 kJ/m ³ K and 5 cm, and any combination may be selected as long as the product is 30 kJ/m ² K or more.

In addition, in this embodiment, the exterior material 11 is an ALC panel made of lightweight aerated concrete. In this way, by using an exterior material 11 made of lightweight aerated concrete with appropriate thermal resistance, the thermal insulation of the insulated exterior wall structure 10 can be further improved. In addition, when an ALC panel is used as the exterior material 11, the inside of the exterior wall is likely to become hotter and more humid than the outside air, so by providing a ventilation louver 20, it is possible to create an environment closer to that of an indoor environment.

It is also preferable that the lower part of the air layer 13 is blocked from the outflow and inflow of air to the indoors and outdoors. With this configuration, for example, it is possible to prevent low-temperature outside air from flowing into the air layer 13 from the lower part of the air layer 13, or to prevent the cold air from flowing from the air layer 13 into the indoors (the space indoors relative to the interior material 12). As a result, the insulation properties of the exterior wall can be more reliably improved.

It is also preferable that the ventilation louvers 20 are provided on each of the four exterior walls of the building 1. In other words, if the building 1 has four sides (front, back, left and right), it is preferable that a ventilation louver 20 is provided on each side. With this configuration, it is possible to more efficiently exhaust the hot air and moisture in the air layers 13 provided on the exterior walls of the building 1 in each direction. In addition, if the air layers 13 provided on each side of the building 1 are connected through the beams, it is possible to draw in air from the ventilation louver 20 provided on one side and exhaust air from the ventilation louver 20 provided on the other side, thereby improving the exhaust performance of hot air and moisture. It is sufficient that at least one ventilation louver 20 is provided on one side of the building 1.

It is preferable that the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 can be opened and closed automatically or manually. This allows the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 to be opened only when it is desired to exhaust the hot air and moisture in the air layer 13, so that the deterioration of the insulation of the exterior wall can be more reliably suppressed. In this case, for example, the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 can be closed in winter when the temperature is low to increase the insulation of the exterior wall, and the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 can be opened in summer when the temperature is high, so that the hot air and moisture in the air layer 13 can be effectively exhausted. Note that even if the ventilation louver 20 does not have the opening and closing function of the opening 21, the effect of improving the insulation of the exterior wall by the air layer 13 can be obtained by, for example, setting the thickness of the air layer 13 to an appropriate range, setting the opening area of the opening 21 to an appropriate size, and appropriately setting the position of the ventilation louver 20.

Moreover, it is more preferable that the degree to which the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is opened or closed can be adjusted automatically or manually. This makes it easier to fine-tune the degree to which hot air and moisture are discharged from the air layer 13.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the ventilation louver 20 has an automatic opening and closing function using a shape memory alloy that deforms according to temperature. This makes it easy to manage the temperature and humidity of the air in the air layer 13. In this case, for example, a mechanism can be used to open and close the opening 21 by utilizing the expansion and contraction of a coil spring made of a shape memory alloy that can expand and contract depending on temperature. According to this, when the outside air or the air in the air layer 13 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the opening 21 is automatically opened by the automatic opening and closing function, and when it falls below the predetermined temperature, the opening 21 is automatically closed. The predetermined temperature at which the opening 21 automatically opens and closes can be set, for example, so that it is fully opened when it exceeds 18°C and fully closed when it falls below 12°C. In that case, the opening 21 in summer is fully open almost 24 hours a day, and hot air and humidity in the air layer 13 are constantly discharged. Also, during the warm daytime hours of winter and intermediate seasons, the opening 21 is opened in the same way as in summer, allowing hot air and humidity to be discharged. On the other hand, during the cold nights, the opening 21 is closed, providing thermal insulation. In this way, having an automatic opening and closing function can contribute to stabilizing the indoor thermal environment without bothering the occupants.

The ventilation louver 20 does not need to have an automatic opening and closing function using a shape memory alloy. For example, the ventilation louver 20 may have a function to detect the current temperature or environmental conditions that can estimate the temperature (date, time, humidity, sunlight intensity, etc.) and automatically open and close depending on the results, even if it does not use a shape memory alloy. The ventilation louver 20 may also have a function to be opened and closed manually by the occupant.

In addition, it is preferable that the overall shape of the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is a vertically long rectangle, which makes it easier to manufacture the ventilation louver 20 and reduces manufacturing costs.

Here, the air layer 13 is blocked from the outside air at least while the opening 21 is closed by the opening/closing function of the ventilation louver 20. Also, even if the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 is open, if the opening area of the opening 21 is relatively small, the effect of the outside air flowing into the air layer 13 is small, so that the air layer 13 can essentially form an insulating layer.

In the insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment, the thermal resistance of the exterior material 11 and the air layer 13 can be reflected in the thermal insulation performance of the insulated exterior wall structure 10 as a whole.

In addition, the thickness of the air layer 13 (i.e., in this example, the distance in the thickness direction of the exterior wall between the indoor surface of the exterior material 11 and the outdoor surface of the insulation material 14) is preferably 15 mm or less. This makes it difficult for natural convection to occur in the air in the air layer 13, so that the effect of improving the insulation of the insulated exterior wall structure 10 by providing the air layer 13 can be enhanced. From this point of view, the thickness of the air layer 13 is more preferably 10 mm or less. Furthermore, by forming the thickness of the air layer 13 to a size that can suppress natural convection, the movement of moisture due to natural convection is suppressed even when moisture is dissipated into the sealed air layer, and thus the transport (supply) of moisture toward the low temperature part in the air layer 13 is suppressed, and as a result, the occurrence of condensation in the low temperature part can be suppressed.

Here, for example, if an air intake and exhaust vent are provided on the exterior wall and a so-called "ventilation layer" is provided in which outside air circulates from the air intake to the exhaust, the thermal resistance of the exterior material located on the outdoor side of the ventilation layer cannot be reflected in the thermal insulation performance of the entire exterior wall. However, in this embodiment, only the ventilation louver 20 is provided and the outside air is substantially not circulated in the air layer 13, so that the thermal resistance of the exterior material 11 located on the outdoor side of the air layer 13 can be reflected in the thermal insulation performance of the entire exterior wall. In addition, the air layer 13 itself also becomes thermally resistant, which further improves the thermal insulation performance of the entire exterior wall. In addition, if the air layer 13 is formed with a thickness that can suppress natural convection, the volume of the air layer 13 becomes relatively small (low capacity), and the moisture capacity is also small accordingly. Therefore, even if condensation occurs due to moisture in the air layer 13, the amount of condensation is extremely small, and the impact of the condensation on the exterior material 11 and the thermal insulation material 14 can be reduced.

The insulated exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment is particularly suitable for houses that do not have an opening at the top of the foundation, houses with flat roofs, houses without eaves, etc.

To confirm the effectiveness of the invention, an experimental building 100 (building) was constructed as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and the heat and moisture exhaust effects of the ventilation louvers were verified.

<Example>
As an embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation louver 20 was installed at a position where the upper part of the ventilation louver 20 overlaps with the beam 5 and the lower part overlaps with the air layer 13, and on the four wall surfaces in the front, rear, left and right directions of the experimental building 100. The ventilation louver 20 used was an automatic opening and closing louver using a shape memory alloy that deforms according to temperature, and the conditions were set so that it would fully open when the temperature exceeded 18°C and fully close when the temperature dropped to 12°C or lower.

Comparative Example
The experimental building of the comparative example had the same building structure as that of the example, except that the ventilation louver 20 was not installed.

<Verification method>
The indoor temperature and the temperature and relative humidity in the internal space of the southwest beam 5 were monitored for one month (summer) from mid-August to mid-September 2019. During the above period, the temperature near the ventilation louver 20 was maintained at 18 degrees or higher, so the opening 21 of the ventilation louver 20 was left fully open 24 hours a day.

<Experimental Results>
As an example, the indoor temperature ( FIG. 7 ) and the change in relative humidity in the space inside the beams ( FIG. 8 ) on September 10, 2019 are shown. As shown in FIG. 7 , when the ventilation louver 20 is present, ventilation of the air layer 13 is promoted, and heat build-up is eliminated, resulting in a decrease in the indoor temperature compared to the comparative example without the ventilation louver 20. Also, as shown in FIG. 8 , when the ventilation louver 20 is present, ventilation of the space inside the beams 5 is promoted, and moisture is discharged, resulting in a decrease in the relative humidity inside the beams 5 compared to the comparative example without the ventilation louver 20.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiment, and can be realized in various configurations without departing from the contents described in the claims. For example, the above embodiment describes a two-story house, but it can also be applied to a one-story or three or more story building. In addition, other members may be placed between the exterior material 11 and the interior material 12. Furthermore, the structure of the foundation 4, the framework such as the columns and beams 5, and the structure of the floor member 6 are not limited to the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.

1: Building 2: Lower structure 3: Upper structure 4: Foundation 4a: Footing 4b: Rising portion 5 (5a, 5b): Beam 6: Floor member 10: Insulated exterior wall structure 11: Exterior material 12: Interior material 13: Air layer 14: Insulation material (insulation layer)
20: Ventilation louver 21: Openings 21a, 21b: Holes 22: Frame section 100: Experimental building (building)
L: Virtual contour line

Claims (12)

A thermally insulated exterior wall structure that constitutes the exterior wall of a building,
The present invention comprises an exterior material, an interior material arranged along the exterior material, an air layer formed between the exterior material and the interior material , and a ventilation louver capable of introducing outside air into the air layer or discharging air from the air layer,
The air layer does not communicate with an outdoor space except for the ventilation louver, and is isolated from an indoor space,
An insulated exterior wall structure, characterized in that the overall shape of the opening of the ventilation louver is vertically elongated. The insulated exterior wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation louver is located at the upper end of the exterior wall of a given floor of the building. The insulated exterior wall structure according to claim 1, in which the ventilation grille is provided only at the upper end of the exterior wall of the top floor of the building. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ventilation louver is provided at a position where, in the vertical direction, the upper part of the ventilation louver overlaps with the beam and the lower part of the ventilation louver overlaps with the air layer. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which a heat insulating material is disposed between the exterior material and the interior material, and the air layer is formed between the exterior material and the heat insulating material. The thermally insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the product of the volumetric specific heat and the thickness of the exterior material is 30 kJ/m ² K or more. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the exterior material is made of lightweight aerated concrete. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the lower part of the air layer is blocked from air flowing in and out of the room and the room outside. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thickness of the air layer is 15 mm or less. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the ventilation louver has an opening and closing function. The insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the overall shape of the opening of the ventilation louver is a vertically long rectangle. A building having an insulated exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images