JP7479356B2 - 繊維積層体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
繊維積層体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7479356B2 JP7479356B2 JP2021516023A JP2021516023A JP7479356B2 JP 7479356 B2 JP7479356 B2 JP 7479356B2 JP 2021516023 A JP2021516023 A JP 2021516023A JP 2021516023 A JP2021516023 A JP 2021516023A JP 7479356 B2 JP7479356 B2 JP 7479356B2
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- fiber
- fibers
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- fiber laminate
- fiber layer
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Classifications
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
- B32B5/265—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
- B32B5/266—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers
- B32B5/268—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers characterised by at least one non-woven fabric layer that is a melt-blown fabric
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0208—Tissues; Wipes; Patches
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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Landscapes
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- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
Description
〔1〕熱可塑性エラストマー繊維からなる平均繊維径10μm未満の極細繊維層と、前記極細繊維層に隣接し平均繊維径10~30μmの繊維からなる非極細繊維層とを有し、前記極細繊維層と前記非極細繊維層との層間剥離強力が0.40N/5cm以上(好ましくは0.50N/5cm以上)であり、繊維積層体表面の凹凸差が、繊維積層体の厚さに対して40%以下である繊維積層体。
〔2〕前記熱可塑性エラストマー繊維がポリウレタン系エラストマー繊維またはポリスチレン系エラストマー繊維である、前記〔1〕に記載の繊維積層体。
〔3〕前記極細繊維層の目付が50g/m2以下(好ましくは20g/m2以下、より好ましくは3~20g/m2であり、さらに好ましくは5~20g/m2)である、前記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の繊維積層体。
〔4〕前記非極細繊維層を構成する繊維が、親水性繊維及び疎水性繊維を含有する、前記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体。
〔5〕前記極細繊維層がメルトブローン不織布であり、前記非極細繊維層がスパンレース不織布である、前記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体。
〔6〕保水率が700~1500質量%(好ましくは700~1300質量%、より好ましくは710~1000質量%)である、前記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体。
〔7〕少なくとも一方向に伸長させたときの湿潤時の25%伸長回復率が60%以上(好ましくは62%以上、より好ましくは63%以上)である、前記〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体。
〔8〕液状成分を繊維積層体の質量に対して700質量%含浸させた繊維積層体の極細繊維層側の面をアクリル板上に置き、ASTM-D1894を参考として測定した湿潤摩擦力が0.5~3.0N(好ましくは、0.6~2.7N、より好ましくは0.7~2.5N、さらに好ましくは0.8~2.0N)である、前記〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体。
〔9〕液状成分を含浸してなる、前記〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体。
〔10〕前記〔9〕に記載の繊維積層体を用いてなるフェイスマスク。
〔11〕前記〔9〕に記載の繊維積層体を用いてなる液体含浸シート。
〔12〕前記非極細繊維層上に、溶融状態の熱可塑性エラストマー繊維を吹き付けて前記極細繊維層を形成する工程を有する、前記〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれかに記載の繊維積層体の製造方法。
本発明の繊維積層体は、熱可塑性エラストマー繊維からなる平均繊維径10μm未満の極細繊維層と、前記極細繊維層に隣接し平均繊維径10~30μmの繊維からなる非極細繊維層とを有し、前記極細繊維層と非極細繊維層との層間剥離強力が0.50N/5cm以上であり、繊維積層体表面の凹凸差が、繊維積層体の厚さに対して40%以下である。
本発明に用いられる非極細繊維層は、平均繊維径10~30μmの繊維から構成される。非極細繊維層を構成する繊維の平均繊維径は、好ましくは10~25μm、さらに好ましくは10~20μmである。非極細繊維層を構成する繊維は、総じて、極細繊維層を構成する繊維より大きな繊維径を有している。非極細繊維層を構成する繊維の平均繊維径が10μm未満であると、嵩が出にくくなるため保液性が低下し、30μmを超えると、ウェブが硬くなり使用感が悪いシートとなる。なお、本明細書において平均繊維径とは、単繊維の数平均繊維径を意味する。
本発明に用いられる極細繊維層は、平均繊維径10μm未満の熱可塑性エラストマー繊維からなる。伸縮性を有する熱可塑性エラストマー繊維を用いるとともに、熱可塑性エラストマー繊維の極細繊維層と非極細繊維層とが一体化することで、得られる繊維積層体も伸縮性に優れる。熱可塑性エラストマー繊維における単繊維の数平均繊維径は、好ましくは9μm以下であり、より好ましくは8μm以下である。熱可塑性エラストマー繊維の平均繊維径が10μm以上であると、非極細繊維層の内部に熱可塑性エラストマー繊維が入り込みにくくなる可能性や、極細繊維層と非極細繊維層との界面において熱可塑性エラストマー繊維が非極細繊維層に合わせた形状変化を起こしにくくなる可能性があるため、層間剥離強力を向上する上で不利である。また、極細繊維層が肌と接触する場合、肌との密着力が不十分となる。
低分子グリコールとしては、例えば、エチレングリコール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオールなどのC1-10ジオールなどが挙げられる。高分子ジオールとしては、ポリ(1,4-ブチレンアジペート)、ポリ(1,6-ヘキサンアジペート)、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロレングリコール、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコールなどが挙げられる。ジイソシアネートとしては、例えばトリレンジイソシアネート、4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネートなどが挙げられる。
極細繊維層と非極細繊維層の積層方法は、成型の容易さと後加工による各繊維層への影響を小さくする観点から、非極細繊維層上に、溶融状態の熱可塑性エラストマー繊維を吹き付けて(ダイレクトブローン法)前記極細繊維層を形成する工程を有する。
なお、本発明の繊維積層体を得ることができる範囲で、前記ダイレクトブローン法に加えて、他の積層方法を組み合わせてもよい。たとえば、他の積層方法とは、エアスルー法、スチームジェット法、カレンダー法、およびスパンレース法などが挙げられる。
繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は0.40N/5cm以上であり、好ましくは0.50N/5cm以上である。層間剥離強力が0.40N/5cm未満であると、使用前に伸張させたときに剥離する。また、使用中に極細繊維層と非極細繊維層が剥離し、液状成分を十分に皮膚側に放出できない虞がある。層間剥離強力の上限は特に制限されないが、一般的な方法で繊維層同士を積層させる場合には5N/5cmを超えると、いずれかの繊維層の破壊が起こることが多く、正確な数値の測定が困難となるため、層間剥離強力の上限は5N/5cm以下が好ましい。
また、前記300質量%含浸時には、極細繊維層と非極細繊維層との間での剥離が発生しやすいが、本発明の繊維積層体では、極細繊維層と非極細繊維層との一体性に優れるため、前記摩擦試験に際して層間剥離を起こさないのが好ましい。
本発明の繊維積層体は、熱可塑性エラストマー繊維の伸縮性を利用できる各種用途に用いることができ、そのままドライの状態で使用してもよい。例えば、ドライの状態で使用して、液状成分を吸収させるための用途では、例えば、本発明の繊維積層体は、対人用途としては、ナプキンやおむつなどの表面材、おむつライナー、汗取りシート(例えば、汗パッド、特に脇汗パッド)などの体液吸収用シート(又は皮膚洗浄用シート)などにも用いることができるし、非対人用途としては、結露吸収シートなどとして、液体吸収シートや液体吸着マットとして用いることもできる。
走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて繊維構造を観察した。電子顕微鏡写真より無作為に選択した100本の繊維径を測定し、単繊維の数平均繊維径を求め、繊維の平均繊維径とした。
JIS L 1913を参考にして、温度20℃、湿度65%の標準状態にサンプルを24時間放置後、幅方向30cm×長さ方向30cmの試料を採取し、天秤を用いて重量(g)を測定後、1m×1mあたりの重量に換算し目付とした。
JIS L 1913を参考にして、厚さ測定器にて12g/cm2の荷重をかけたときの厚さを計測し、厚さとした。
精密万能試験機((株)島津製作所製「オートグラフAGS-D型」)を用いて、JIS L 1913を参考に破断強力と破断伸度の測定を行った。すなわち、繊維積層体製造時の縦方向(MD方向)及び横方向(CD方向)に対して50mm幅、200mm長の試験片を採取した。つかみ部分の幅を10cmに設定したのち、それぞれの試験片の端部をつかみ部分で固定し、300mm/minの速度で破断するまで引っ張り、破断時の試験力の平均値を破断強力とし、移動した距離をつかみ部分の幅10cmで除した値の百分率を伸度とした。
精密万能試験機((株)島津製作所製「オートグラフAGS-D型」)を用いて、JIS L 1085を参考に剥離強力の測定を行った。すなわち、不織布製造時の縦方向に対して50mm幅、200mm長の試験片を採取し、極細繊維層側にクラフトテープを接着させる。その後に試験片端部の極細繊維層と非極細繊維層の層間を剥離させる。剥離させたそれぞれの端部のつかみ部分の幅を5cmに設定したのち、つかみ部分で固定し、200mm/minの速度で引っ張り、その際の試験力の平均値を剥離強力とした。
JIS L 1913.6.9.2を参考に測定を行った。すなわち繊維積層体のサンプルを5cm×5cm試験片を採取した後に試験片を精秤する。その試験片を30秒間水中に沈めた後に静かに水中より引き上げ、1分間水を垂らした後再び精秤し、前後の質量の差を保水量とした。保水量から水に浸漬する前の試験片の質量を除した値を百分率で表したものを保水率とした。
精密万能試験機((株)島津製作所製「オートグラフAGS-D型」)を用いて、ASTM-D1894を参考に摩擦力を測定した。繊維積層体のサンプルをMD方向(繊維積層体製造時の縦方向、流れ方向)4.0cm×CD方向(繊維積層体製造時の幅方向)11.0cmに切り出し、CD方向において、つかみ部分を1cm、接地部分を10cmとした。さらに、フェイスマスクを想定して、化粧料を含浸させたサンプルを取り出して両手の指先でもみながら均等に拡散させ、化粧料を下記に示す2種類の質量%となるように調整した。特定量の化粧料を含浸したサンプルのつかみ部分をクリップで把持した方向に引っ張る試験を行った。詳細は、摩擦力を測定するためのテーブル上にアクリル板を固定し、肌側使用面を下にして中央にサンプルを載置した。さらに、サンプルをPEフィルムで保護してから錘を乗せ、MD4.0cm×CD10.0cmの範囲に10g/cm2の荷重を均等に10秒間与えた後、錘とPEフィルムを取り除きサンプルをアクリル板と密着させた。その後にロードセルを備えた試験機を用いて、プーリーを介してクリップに結び付けたポリアミド糸を20mm/minの速度で水平に引っ張ることにより、摩擦力を測定した。この時の試験力のピーク値を密着性と定義した。なお、密着性は、下記に示す2種類の条件で測定した。
(1)サンプル質量に対し化粧料を300質量%含浸し、フェィスマスク使用後半の環境を模した条件での密着性の値を得た。
(2)サンプル質量に対し化粧料を700質量%含浸し、フェィスマスク使用開始直後の環境を模した条件での密着性の値を得た。
剃刀(フェザー安全剃刀(株)製「フェザー剃刃S片刃」)を用いて、得られた繊維積層体のサンプルの面に対して垂直に、サンプルのMD方向に対して45度に切断した。このサンプルを、デジタル顕微鏡[(株)キーエンス(KEYENCE)製デジタルマイクロスコープ(DIGITALMICROSCOPE)VHX-900]を用いて断面を100倍の倍率で10カ所撮影した。撮影時には断面が横方向に続くように視野に収めた。各画像において、最も厚い部分と最も薄い部分の厚さを測定した後に、最も厚い部分と最も薄い部分の平均値をそれぞれ算出し、その平均値をそれぞれ、TAおよびTBとした。そして、下記式(1)を用いて最も厚い部分と最も薄い部分の厚さの差を最も厚い部分で除したパーセント値を、繊維積層体の厚さに対する繊維積層体表面の凹凸差とした。
(TA-TB)/TA×100 (1)
TA:最も厚い部分の平均値、TB:最も薄い部分の平均値
JIS L 1913(一般短繊維不織布)6.3.2(湿潤時の引張強さ及び伸び率試験)に記載の方法に準拠して測定した。具体的には、サンプルを20℃±2℃の水中に自重で沈降するまで置くか、又は1時間以上水中に沈めておいた後、浸漬液から取り出して速やかに25%伸長回復率を測定した。
[レーヨン繊維]:再生セルロース繊維、オーミケンシ(株)製「ホープ」、平均繊維径12.6μm、繊維長40mm
[ポリエステル繊維]:ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)繊維、東レ(TORAY)(株)製、平均繊維径12.8μm、繊維長51mm
[ポリウレタン樹脂(PU)]:溶融粘度D-65935定温法にて1.0×103~5.0×103Pa・s/200℃
[スチレン系熱可塑性エラストマー]:(クラレプラスチックス(株)製「アーネストン(登録商標)」CJ101)
[ポリプロピレン樹脂(PP)]:MFR(230℃、2.16kg)=1100g/10分
レーヨン繊維を40質量部、ポリエステル繊維を60質量部の割合で用いて均一に混綿した後、目付55g/m2のセミランダムカードウェブを常法により作製し、このカードウェブを開口率25%、穴径0.3mmのパンチングドラム支持体上に載置して速度50m/分で長手方向に連続的に移送すると同時に、上方から高圧水流を噴射して交絡処理を行って、交絡した繊維ウェブ(不織布)を製造した。この交絡処理に当たっては、穴径0.10mmのオリフィスをウェブの幅方向に沿って0.6mmの間隔で設けてあるノズル2本を使用し(隣接するノズル間の距離20cm)、1列目のノズルから噴射した高圧水流の水圧を3.0MPa、2列目のノズルから噴射した高圧水流の水圧を4.0MPaとして行った。さらに、穴径0.10mmのオリフィスをウェブの幅方向に沿って0.6mmの間隔で設けてあるノズル2本を使用して、いずれも高圧水流の水圧5MPaの条件下で行った。さらに120℃で乾燥して、非極細繊維層として厚さ0.40mm及び目付が約51~55g/m2のスパンレース不織布を得た。
ポリウレタン樹脂を用いて、一般的なメルトブローン製造設備を使用し、紡糸温度243℃、エアー温度253℃、エアー圧力0.4MPa、単孔吐出量0.2g/孔・分、口金における紡糸孔数400個(1列配置)にてメルトブローン紡糸を行い、回転するネットコンベア上に前記非極細繊維層を通して、捕集距離を10cmとして捕集し、ポリウレタン繊維の平均繊維径が5.51μm、目付5g/m2の極細繊維層を前記非極細繊維層上に製造し、厚さ0.42mm及び目付58.0g/m2の繊維積層体を巻き取った。
極細繊維層の目付を10g/m2にした以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、ポリウレタン繊維の平均繊維径が5.46μmであり、厚さ0.46mm及び目付65.6g/m2の繊維積層体を得た。得られた繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は1.06N/5cmであり、湿潤時の25%伸長回復率は72.2%であり、使用時に剥離せず良好なリフトアップ効果が得られると評価した。さらに、得られた繊維積層体に化粧料を含浸させ、密着性を測定したところ、700質量%含浸時の密着性は0.63Nとなり、十分な密着性を有していた。さらに、300質量%含浸時の密着性は1.29Nとなり、700質量%含浸時よりも高い密着性を有していた。
極細繊維層を製造する際の捕集距離を15cmにした以外は実施例2と同様の方法により、ポリウレタン繊維の平均繊維径が4.93μmであり、厚さ0.45mm及び目付65.2g/m2の繊維積層体を得た。得られた繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は0.50N/5cmであり、湿潤時の25%伸長回復率は75.6%であり、使用時に剥離せず良好なリフトアップ効果が得られると評価した。さらに、得られた繊維積層体に化粧料を含浸させ、密着性を測定したところ、700質量%含浸時の密着性は0.67Nとなり、十分な密着性を有していた。さらに、300質量%含浸時の密着性は1.18Nとなり、700質量%含浸時よりも高い密着性を有していた。
極細繊維層を製造する際の紡糸温度を260℃にした以外は実施例2と同様の方法により、ポリウレタン繊維の平均繊維径が1.99μmであり、厚さ0.45mm及び目付64.7g/m2の繊維積層体を得た。得られた繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は0.95N/5cmであり、湿潤時の25%伸長回復率は73.6%であり、使用時に剥離せず良好なリフトアップ効果が得られると評価した。さらに、得られた繊維積層体に化粧料を含浸させ、密着性を測定したところ、700質量%含浸時の密着性は1.09Nとなり、良好な密着性を有していた。さらに、300質量%含浸時の密着性は1.37Nとなり、700質量%含浸時よりも高い密着性を有していた。
スチレン系エラストマーを用いて、一般的なメルトブローン製造設備を使用し、紡糸温度250℃、エアー温度260℃、エアー圧力0.4MPa、単孔吐出量0.2g/孔・分、口金における紡糸孔数400個(1列配置)にてメルトブローン紡糸を行い、回転するネットコンベア上に前記非極細繊維層を通して、捕集距離を10cmとして捕集し、スチレン系エラストマー繊維の平均繊維径が6.61μm、目付10g/m2の極細繊維層を前記非極細繊維層上に製造し、厚さ0.46mm及び目付61.2g/m2の繊維積層体を巻き取った。
ポリプロピレン樹脂(MFR=1100g/10分)100質量部を用いて、一般的なメルトブローン製造設備を使用し、紡糸温度285℃、エアー温度275℃、エアー圧力0.4MPa、単孔吐出量0.2g/孔・分、口金における紡糸孔数400個(1列配置)にてメルトブローン紡糸を行い、回転するネットコンベアを支持体として捕集し、目付5g/m2のメルトブローン不織布からなる極細繊維層を製造し、巻き取った。
次にレーヨン繊維を40質量部、ポリエステル繊維を60質量部の割合で用いて均一に混綿した後、目付60g/m2のセミランダムカードウェブを常法により作製し、このカードウェブを開口率25%、穴径0.3mmのパンチングドラム支持体上に載置して速度50m/分で長手方向に連続的に移送すると同時に、上方から高圧水流を噴射して交絡処理を行って、非極細繊維層を製造した。この交絡処理に当たっては、穴径0.10mmのオリフィスをウェブの幅方向に沿って0.6mmの間隔で設けてあるノズル2本を使用し(隣接するノズル間の距離20cm)、1列目のノズルから噴射した高圧水流の水圧を3.0MPa、2列目のノズルから噴射した高圧水流の水圧を4.0MPaとして行った。先に製造した目付5g/m2の極細繊維層を巻き出し装置から巻き出し、非極細繊維層と重ね合わせ、さらに細かい網目を有する全体に平坦な支持体に載置して連続的に移送すると共に高圧水流を噴射して交絡処理を行って、2つの不織布を構成する繊維を交絡させることによって複合させた。この交絡処理は、穴径0.10mmのオリフィスをウェブの幅方向に沿って0.6mmの間隔で設けてあるノズル2本を使用して、いずれも高圧水流の水圧5MPaの条件下で行った。さらに130℃で乾燥して、厚さ0.40mm及び目付64.0g/m2の繊維積層体を得た。
比較例1の方法で製造した極細繊維層と非極細繊維層とを、圧着面積3.3%の熱エンボスロールを用いて部分的熱圧着により積層し、厚さ0.42mm及び目付57.8g/m2の繊維積層体を得た。得られた繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は0.22N/5cmと低く、湿潤時の25%伸長回復率は41.6%とリフトアップ効果が不十分であり、さらに化粧液を300質量%含浸させて密着性を測定した際に剥離した。また、エンボス加工に由来して凹凸差が大きいため、700質量%含浸時の密着性も、実施例より劣っていた。さらに、エンボス加工以外の積層を行っていないため、繊維積層体の破断強度は、縦方向および横方向の双方において、実施例の半分以下であった。
極細繊維層を製造する際の捕集距離を25cmにした以外は実施例2と同様にして、極細繊維層を非極細繊維層上に作製し、さらに圧着面積3.3%の熱エンボスロールを用いて部分的熱圧着を行って、ポリウレタン繊維の平均繊維径が5.44μmであり、厚さ0.38mm及び目付66.3g/m2の繊維積層体を製造した。得られた繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は1.57N/5cmであり、層間は強固に接着していたが、化粧液を700質量%含浸させた際の密着力は0.37Nで、密着性が不十分であり、使用時に剥離する可能性がある繊維積層体となった。また、エンボス加工に由来して凹凸差が大きいため、700質量%含浸時の密着性も、実施例より劣っていた。さらに、ダイレクトブローンを行っていても、捕集距離が離れているためダイレクトブローンによる効果を得ることができず、たとえエンボス加工を行ったとしても、繊維積層体の破断強度は、縦方向および横方向の双方において、実施例よりも低い値であった。
極細繊維層を製造する際の捕集距離を25cmにした以外は実施例2と同様の方法により、ポリウレタン繊維の平均繊維径が5.44μmであり、厚さ0.44mm及び目付65.8g/m2の繊維積層体を得た。得られた繊維積層体の層間剥離強力は0.09N/5cmと低く、化粧液を300質量%含浸させて密着性を測定した際に剥離した。
極細繊維層を製造する際の捕集距離を5cmにした以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、繊維積層体の製造を試みたが、捕集距離が近すぎたため、極細繊維が融着してフィルム化したため、極細繊維層を有する繊維積層体を製造することが出来なかった。得られた積層体に化粧料を含浸させ、密着性を測定したところ、極細繊維層のフィルム化により、700質量%含浸時の密着性は0.18N、300質量%含浸時の密着性は0.08Nと低い値となり、密着性が不十分であった。
Claims (11)
- 熱可塑性エラストマー繊維からなる平均繊維径10μm未満の極細繊維層と、前記極細繊維層に隣接し平均繊維径10~30μmの繊維からなる非極細繊維層とを有し、
前記極細繊維層と前記非極細繊維層との層間剥離強力が0.40N/5cm以上であり、
繊維積層体表面の凹凸差が、繊維積層体の厚さに対して40%以下であり、
前記非極細繊維層を構成する繊維が、親水性繊維及び疎水性繊維を含有する繊維積層体。 - 前記熱可塑性エラストマー繊維がポリウレタン系エラストマー繊維またはポリスチレン系エラストマー繊維である、請求項1に記載の繊維積層体。
- 前記極細繊維層の目付が50g/m2以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の繊維積層体。
- 前記極細繊維層がメルトブローン不織布であり、前記非極細繊維層がスパンレース不織布である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の繊維積層体。
- 保水率が700~1500質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の繊維積層体。
- 少なくとも一方向に伸長させたときの湿潤時の25%伸長回復率が60%以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の繊維積層体。
- 液状成分を繊維積層体の質量に対して700質量%含浸させた繊維積層体の極細繊維層側の面をアクリル板上に置き、ASTM-D1894を参考として測定した湿潤摩擦力が0.5~3Nである、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の繊維積層体。
- 液状成分を含浸してなる、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の繊維積層体。
- 請求項8に記載の繊維積層体を用いてなるフェイスマスク。
- 請求項8に記載の繊維積層体を用いてなる液体含浸シート。
- 前記非極細繊維層上に、溶融状態の熱可塑性エラストマー繊維を吹き付けて前記極細繊維層を形成する工程を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の繊維積層体の製造方法。
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