JP7475675B2 - Strength-bearing column unit and improved wooden frame structure incorporating said strength-bearing column unit, and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to wooden buildings.

There are two types of wooden building construction: "traditional post-and-beam construction" and "frame wall construction." The former supports a building by assembling axial members such as pillars and beams to form a framework, while the latter supports a building by combining panels with structural plywood attached to a framework made of structural lumber into a hexahedral shape.
While the former offers greater freedom in design than the latter, it is said to be inferior to the latter in terms of resistance to lateral shaking, etc. Also, the former uses a concave-convex joint to join the pillars and beams, and as the concave-convex joint is formed with high precision at the construction site, a certain level of skill is required from the craftsman.

In response to this, a method has been proposed that combines the best of both techniques, in which plate members that act as load-bearing walls are dropped between vertical members and fixed in place, as described in Patent Document 1.
However, in this construction method, plate material is dropped into grooves formed on the sides of vertical members and fixed in place to form a load-bearing wall, which requires high precision in processing the vertical members.

JP 2018-071299 A

The present invention has been made in consideration of the current situation, and has as its object to provide a new and useful load-bearing column unit which, by unitizing the columns with the functionality of load-bearing walls, ensures strength while ensuring freedom of design, and furthermore, takes advantage of the benefit of unitization to enable factory production of exterior finishing materials, thereby simplifying on-site work.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved wooden frame structure and construction method thereof that can simplify on-site work by making ingenious efforts in both the abutment shape of the load-bearing column unit and the mating member to which it is joined.

The invention [1] for achieving the above-mentioned objective is a load-bearing column unit that is characterized in that the frame structure is made up of a vertical member positioned at the two sides of a triangle when viewed from above, one or more vertical members per side that define the direction of the two sides, a horizontal member that is a basic beam member that is placed across the two sides from above, a basic beam member or a basic foundation member that is placed across the lower side, and a fire-stop beam member that is placed across the remaining side in a triangular frame shape from the basic beam member placed across the upper side, and the frame structure is wrapped in structural plywood to make it load-bearing, and the upper surface of the corner shelf section formed by wrapping the fire-stop beam member is used as a beam placement surface.

The invention of [2] is a load-bearing column unit according to [1], characterized in that the basic beams are laid across two or more levels on the upper side, a firestop beam member is laid across the basic beams laid across all levels except the topmost level, and the edge of the beam placement surface is raised by wrapping the basic beams including the topmost level, forming a locking frame.

The invention [3] is a load-bearing column unit according to [1] or [2], characterized in that the frame structure, which includes a fire-stopping base material installed across the remaining side of the basic base material installed across the lower side, is wrapped in structural plywood to increase its load-bearing capacity.

The invention [4] is a load-bearing column unit according to any one of [1] to [3], characterized in that a horizontal member is attached to the outside of the frame structure to form an extension, and the extension is wrapped in structural plywood to provide load-bearing strength.

The invention [5] is a load-bearing column unit according to any one of [1] to [4], characterized in that the surface to which the exterior finishing material is applied is used as an exterior wall.

The invention of [6] is an improved wooden frame structure incorporating a load-bearing column unit according to any one of [1] to [5], characterized in that a beam is dropped from above and placed on the beam support surface of the load-bearing column unit and fastened.

The invention [7] is an improved wooden frame structure described in [6], characterized in that a service balcony is connected to the beam, and when the beam is lowered from above and placed on the beam support surface of the load-bearing column unit, the service balcony extends outward.

The invention of [8] is an improved wooden frame structure as described in [6] or [7], characterized in that the columns and/or beams are constructed by bundling multiple shaft members together, and uneven abutment surfaces are created on the axial end faces and/or side faces, and the beams abut unevenly against the load-bearing column units and the columns.

The invention [9] is a wooden construction method using the improved wooden frame structure described in any one of [6] to [8], characterized in that load-bearing column units, columns, and beams are dropped from above and stacked up.

The invention [10] is a wooden construction method described in [9], characterized in that an exterior wall panel unit consisting of a frame with horizontal and vertical members and a wall body and/or sash fixed to the outside side of the frame is fitted into the gap in the structural frame that constitutes the exterior wall from the inside of the room to be integrated.
The invention [11] is a wooden construction method described in [10], characterized in that the horizontal and vertical members of the exterior wall panel units fitted into the structural frame are exposed on the indoor side to form exposed surfaces, and the exposed surfaces are used as mounting surfaces for metal fittings passed through from the indoor side to fasten the units to the structural frame.

According to the load-bearing column unit of the present invention, the column side is unitized with the function of a load-bearing wall, which allows for design freedom while ensuring strength. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the advantage of unitization, even the exterior finishing materials can be produced in factories, simplifying on-site work.
Furthermore, with the improved wooden frame structure and construction method of the present invention, by using beams and columns of distinctive shapes in conjunction with the above-mentioned load-bearing column units, it is possible to drop them from above and stack them up one by one, and also to secure fastening points, thereby simplifying the work.

This is an oblique view of the first example of a load-bearing column unit. This is an oblique view of the framework structure of the load-bearing column unit of the first example. A cross-sectional view of a first example load-bearing column unit. An oblique view of a second example of a load-bearing column unit. This is an oblique view of the framework structure of the load-bearing column unit of the second example. An oblique view of a third example of a load-bearing column unit. An oblique view of a fourth example of a load-bearing column unit. This is an oblique view showing the load-bearing column units, columns, and bases of the first and second examples stacked on a foundation. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which all beams are placed in the state shown in FIG. 8 . 9 is a perspective view of a beam that is installed between the load-bearing column units of the first and second examples included in FIG. 8 . This is an oblique view of a beam installed between the load-bearing column unit and the outer column of the first example included in Figure 8. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the beam in FIG. 10 is placed. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the beam is placed in FIG. 10 and a state in which the beam is placed in FIG. 11 . This is an oblique view of a two-story framework constructed using all load-bearing column units. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a wooden building constructed with the framework structure of FIG. 14. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the installation of the first example wall panel unit included in FIG. 15 . FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the installation of the wall panel unit of the second example included in FIG. 15 . 6 is a partial modification of the framework structure of FIG. 5 .

First, a load-bearing column unit according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in the first example of the load-bearing column unit 1, vertical members 3, 3, 3 are arranged in parallel as three column members. The cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of each vertical member 3 is approximately square, and the end faces on both sides of the axial direction are horizontal. When viewed from the top and bottom, the vertical members 3a, 3b, 3c are arranged so that the centers of each of them are located at positions that form the apex angles of a right-angled isosceles triangle, with vertical member 3b corresponding to the included angle vertical member located at the two-sided included angle, and vertical members 3a, 3c corresponding to the side vertical members that define the directions of the two sides.

On the lower side, horizontal members 5, 5 are respectively installed and joined between vertical members 3a and 3b, which correspond to the two side positions, and between vertical members 3b and 3c, as basic foundation members. The size of the axial vertical cross section of each horizontal member 5 is configured to be the same as that of the vertical member 3, and the end faces on both axial sides abut against the vertical member 3 over their entire surfaces.
Between the remaining vertical members 3a and 3c, a horizontal member 7 is installed diagonally as a fire-strike base and joined. The horizontal member 7 has the same axial vertical cross-sectional size as the horizontal member 5. The end faces on both sides in the axial direction are inclined at 45° and are in contact with the horizontal members 5, 5 over their entire surfaces.
The horizontal members 5, 5, and 7 are set across at the same height and, together with the vertical member 3b, form a triangular frame.

Similarly, on the upper side, horizontal members 5, 5, and 7 are installed at the same height as basic beams and fire beams to form a triangular frame.
However, while on the lower side, the lower surface of the triangular frame is almost flush with the lower end faces of the vertical members 3a, 3b, and 3c, on the upper side, the upper surface of the triangular frame is one step lower than the upper end faces of the vertical members 3a, 3b, and 3c. Further, separate horizontal members 5, 5 are installed and joined across the concave gap between the vertical members 3a and 3b, and between the vertical members 3c and 3b. Therefore, between the vertical members 3a and 3b, and between the vertical members 3c and 3b, horizontal members 5, 5 are arranged in two rows, one above the other, and the upper surfaces of the horizontal members 5, 5 in the upper row are flush with the upper end faces of the vertical members 3a, 3b, and 3c.

Since the horizontal member 7 abuts against the horizontal member 5, the vertical members 3a and 3c extend outward from the triangular frame. The sides 3ax and 3cx of the vertical members 3a and 3c are located on the abutment surface side in the horizontal direction with other members as the load-bearing column unit 1, and another horizontal member 9 is attached to increase the abutment area. The horizontal member 9 has the same axial vertical cross-sectional size as the horizontal members 5 and 7, with one axial end face inclined at 45° and the other end face 9x being a vertical face. The horizontal member 9 abuts against the concave surface between the vertical member 3a and the horizontal member 7, and is joined in a state where the end face 9x is aligned flush with the side face 3ax of the vertical member 3a. The horizontal member 9 is also joined in the same manner on the side face 3cx side of the vertical member 3c.
As described above, the three-dimensional frame structure is made up of the vertical members 3 and the horizontal members 5, 7, and 9, which are joined together by fixing with an appropriate adhesive and/or fastening with metal fittings.

As shown in Figure 3, this framework is wrapped in structural plywood 11. There is a hollow space between vertical members 3a and 3b, and between vertical members 3b and 3c, which are filled with insulating material 13 such as glass wool. It is intended to be installed in the corners of wooden buildings, and a waterproof sheet 15 is attached to the outer surface of the structural plywood 11 on the convex side facing the outside, and an exterior finishing material 17 is attached to the outer surface that forms the exterior wall, creating a multi-layer structure. The exterior finishing material 17 can be metal, wood, or ceramic, and any of these can be used. It is also possible to add a base material depending on the type of finishing material.

This load-bearing column unit 1 is constructed as described above, with structural plywood 11 stretched between vertical members 3a and 3b, and nailed to each to form a load-bearing wall. A similar load-bearing wall is also formed between vertical members 3b and 3c. Although these walls do not necessarily become load-bearing walls that meet the Building Standards Act, because they are in an intersecting relationship, sufficient load-bearing column unit 1 as a whole can obtain sufficient load-bearing strength even if there is no distance between vertical members 3a and 3b, or between vertical members 3c and 3b.

In addition, by assembling the horizontal member 9, the area of the contact surface with the foundation (the area circled in Figure 1) is doubled, ensuring a sufficient contact area.
The upper side of the load-bearing column unit 1 is wrapped with structural plywood 11 including the horizontal members 5 and 7, which forms the corner shelf 1a. The upper surface of this corner shelf 1a forms an L-shaped locking frame 1b and a mounting surface 1c, ensuring a surface that comes into contact with the beams 31 (described later) in the vertical direction. This simplifies on-site work, as will be described in detail later.
Furthermore, the load-bearing column unit 1 can be produced in a factory, including the exterior finishing material 17, and can be provided at low cost.

There are further load-bearing column units having a similar structure to load-bearing column unit 1 as follows, and only the differences will be explained here.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, there are two types of load-bearing column units 19 in the second example, and the load-bearing column units 19A and 19B are in a line-symmetrical relationship. The horizontal member 9 is not attached to the vertical member 3a of the lower triangular frame of each. On the other hand, a very short horizontal member 21 is attached to the vertical member 3a of the upper triangular frame. This horizontal member 21 is configured with the same axial vertical cross-sectional size as the horizontal member 5, and both end faces in the axial direction are vertical surfaces. The horizontal member 21 is located on the extension of the vertical member 3a of the lower horizontal member 5 of the two horizontal members 5 arranged in two rows. Therefore, on the corner shelf portion 19a side, an extended mounting surface 19d is formed using the upper surface of this horizontal member 21, along with the L-shaped locking frame 19b and mounting surface 19c.

The load-bearing column units 19A, 19B are intended to be installed in combination with their respective vertical members 3a, 3b and horizontal members 21 facing each other, and this combination can achieve a high wall factor.
In addition, on the lower side, in areas where the horizontal member 9 is not attached, the vertical members 3a, 3a are arranged in parallel, so that the area of the entire contact surface with the base (areas surrounded by circles in Figure 4) is larger than the width of one of the vertical members 3, ensuring a sufficient contact area.

As shown in Figure 6, the load-bearing column unit 23 of the third example differs from the load-bearing column unit 1 in that the horizontal members 7, 9 are not attached to the lower side, and the external shape is accordingly.
As shown in Figure 7, the fourth example of the load-bearing column unit 25 differs from the load-bearing column unit 19 in that the horizontal members 7, 9 are not attached to the lower side, and the outer shape is accordingly.
To ensure the shape retention of the framework structure within the unit, it is sufficient to assemble the horizontal members 7 either on the top or bottom, so such a structure is used depending on the installation location.
The load-bearing column unit 1 and the load-bearing column unit 19 are used in the first floor portion, and the load-bearing column unit 23 and the load-bearing column unit 25 are used in the second floor portion.

The load-bearing column units 1, 19, 23, and 25 have corner shelf sections 1a, 19a, 23a, and 25a, respectively, and by utilizing beams of corresponding specific shapes, it is possible to drop the beams from above and stack them up, and join them at appropriate points by fastening them.
The columns 27 and 29 necessary for this explanation will first be described.
The outer column 27 is to be installed on the exterior wall side, and is made up of multiple small columns bundled together into a rectangular column shape, with each small column having a different length and abutment steps 27a formed on the underside. As with the load-bearing column unit 1, the exterior finishing material 17 is applied to the outer surface. The inner column 29 is to be installed inside, and is similarly made up of multiple small columns bundled together into a rectangular column shape.
As shown in FIG. 8, load-bearing column units 1, 19 and columns 27, 29 are installed.

As shown in Figure 9, a beam 31 is installed between the load-bearing column unit 1 and the load-bearing column unit 19. As shown in Figure 10, this beam 31 is made up of three horizontal members that are fixed with an appropriate adhesive and/or fastened with metal fittings to be immovable and integrated, and the upper surface 31a that is on the upper side when installed is flush with the same plane. The beam body 33 is composed of horizontal members whose axial vertical cross section is a vertical rectangle (almost two squares). The end faces on both axial sides of this beam body 33 are vertical, and the axial length of the beam body 33 is set slightly smaller than the gap between the load-bearing column unit 1 and the load-bearing column unit 19.

A support member 35 is joined to the interior side surface of the beam body 33. This support member 35 is composed of a horizontal member with an axial vertical cross section that is approximately square. Both axial ends of the support member 35 are extended beyond the beam body 33, and one axial end face 35a is inclined at 45 degrees, and the other axial end face 35b is vertical. As shown in Figure 9, since the load-bearing column units 19A and 19B are installed between the load-bearing column units 1 and 1, there are two types of beams 31. The side placed on the load-bearing column unit 1 is on the left side when viewed from the outside of the room, that is, the inclined end face 35a is on the left side, which is beam 31A, and the other is beam 31B. Figure 10 shows beam 31A.
A scaffolding/service balcony 37 is joined to the exterior surface of the beam body 33. This service balcony 37 is made of a horizontal member with a rectangular cross section that is long in the axial direction. It has the same axial length as the beam body 33, and forms a single rectangle together with the beam body 33 when viewed from above.
The beam 31 is simply dropped from above, spanning between the load-bearing column unit 1 and the load-bearing column unit 19, and is then assembled.

A beam 39 is installed between the load-bearing column unit 1 and the outer column 27. This beam 39 has a different configuration from the beam 31 in the portion supported on the outer column 27 side, but is similarly assembled by simply dropping it in from above.
11, on the side supported by the outer column 27, the beam body 41 protrudes beyond the end face of the support portion 43. The end face of this protruding portion 41a is a vertical surface. Also, one axial end face of the support portion 43 is a vertical surface.
As shown in Figure 9, since an outer column 27 is installed between the load-bearing column units 1, 1, there are two types of beams 39: the side placed on the load-bearing column unit 1 is on the left side as viewed from the outside of the room, i.e., the side with the inclined end face 43a on the left side is beam 39A, and the other is beam 39B. Figure 11 shows beam 39A.

These beams 31, 39 are assembled simply by dropping them between the load-bearing column units 1 and 19 from above.
As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the beam body 33 of the beam 31A is inserted between the vertical members 3a, 3c of the opposing load-bearing column units 1, 19, and both axial ends of the support member 35 are placed on the support surfaces 1c, 19c in a double-supported state, with both end faces 35a, 35b abutting and engaging with the inner surfaces of the L-shaped locking frames 1b, 19b. The service balcony 37 extends to the outside of the room. The beam 31B side is assembled in the same way.
As shown in Fig. 13, the beam body 41 of the beam 39B is inserted between the vertical column 3c and the outer column 27 of the opposing load-bearing column unit 1, and the inclined end face 43a of the support part 43 is placed on the mounting surface 1c and abuts against the inner surface of the L-shaped locking frame 1b to be locked. At this time, it butts against the inclined end face 35a on the beam 31A side. Also, the protrusion 41a on the beam body 41 side is placed on the upper surface of the outer column 27. As a result, the beam 39B is supported in a double-supported state. The beam 39A side is assembled in the same way.

The beam 31 is fastened to the horizontal member 7 constituting the fire beam material of the load-bearing column units 1 and 19. In the load-bearing column unit 1 in Fig. 2, the metal fittings are attached at the points indicated by the dotted circles. The beam 39 is fastened at the same position on the load-bearing column unit 1 side, and fastened at the protruding portion 41a on the outer column 27 side.
The fastening at the above fastening position ensures sufficient fastening strength.

As described above, the outer column 27 and beams 31, 39 are made by bundling and integrating a number of shaft members, which allows uneven abutment surfaces to be freely created not only on the axial end faces but also on the side faces. The beams 31, 39 can be positioned and assembled by simply dropping them from above into the predetermined positions where they abut against the load-bearing column units 1, 19 and columns 27, 29, and stacking them, and appropriate fastening points are also secured in the assembled state.
As shown in Figure 14, the load-bearing column units 23, 25 are installed on the second floor in a similar manner. The beam 45 to be laid across is different from the beam 31 in that it does not have a service balcony 37. Also, the beam 47 is placed on the upper surface of the step on the outer column 49 side.

As an example of how to build a two-story wooden building making use of the above features, a method of construction will be described with reference to Figs.
First, the load-bearing column units 1, 19 are installed on the foundation 51, and then the base 53 is installed, including the gap between them. The metal fittings are fastened to the base 53 side so as to straddle the contact surface (the part circled in Figures 1 and 4).
Next, the pillars 27, 29 are installed, and then the floor panel 55 is laid.
Next, the beams 31, 39 are laid across as described above to form the outer frame, and other beams 57, 59 are similarly laid across the inner column 29. The beam 57 has the extended support surface 19b of the load-bearing column unit 19 as one of its support surfaces. Both beams 57, 59 are made of multiple shaft members based on the same idea as the beam 31.

Next, floor panels 61 are laid, and in the same manner as for the first floor, load-bearing column units 23, 25, outer columns 49 and inner columns 29 are installed in predetermined positions on the outside of floor panels 61 for the second floor, and beams 45, 47 and then beams 63, 65 are installed across them.
In this way, the load-bearing column units 1, ..., columns 27, ..., beams 31, ... are successively dropped from above, stacked, and fastened together to complete the framework of the wooden building.

The non-load-bearing walls that fill the gaps in the framework structure are made up of wall panel units 67, 75, as shown in FIG. 15, and can be installed from the inside of the room.
As shown in Figure 16, in the first example wall panel unit 67, a square frame 69 is composed of horizontal and vertical members, and is applied with an exterior finishing material 17 (not shown). A sash 71 is fitted and integrated inside the square frame 69. As shown in Figure 16, the thickness of the square frame 69 is greater than the thickness of the sash 71, and the sash 71 is fixed at a position biased toward the outside of the square frame 69, so that an exposed surface 69a is formed on the indoor side.
With the floor panel 61 in place, the wall panel unit 67 is fitted into the gap in the framework, for example between the beams 39 and 47, from inside the room, and then bolts 73 are passed through from inside the room and driven in with the exposed surface 69a as the mounting surface, and fastened to the vertical members (not shown) in the same way.

As shown in Fig. 17, in the second example wall panel unit 75, a perforated wall body 77 is attached, and a small sash 79 is fitted into the hole to form an integrated unit. The wall body 77 is integrated by wrapping structural plywood 77b around a framework of vertical and horizontal members 77a, and the surface facing the outside of the room is provided with exterior finishing material 17 (not shown). The thickness of the wall body 77 is approximately the same as that of the rectangular frame 69, and work holes (not shown, for mounting embedded panels after construction) are provided in the plywood on the indoor side.
The wall panel unit 75 is separate from the square frame 69, and with the floor panel 61 laid, the square frame 69 is first attached to the main structure side by working from inside the room, and then the wall panel unit 75 is fitted into the gap, for example between the beams 31 and 45, and then long screws 81 are passed through the work holes from inside the room and driven in and fastened to the exposed surface of the horizontal member 77a as the mounting surface. The vertical member (not shown) side is also fastened in the same way.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and the invention also includes design changes and the like that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention.
For example, the load-bearing column units 1, 19, 23, and 25 are composed of three vertical members 3, but they can also be composed of four or more vertical members, and it is also possible to have different numbers of vertical members on both sides, such as by placing one vertical member on one side and two vertical members on the other side, sandwiched between vertical member 3b.
It is also possible to make the thicknesses different, for example by making the vertical member 3b thicker than the other vertical members.
Furthermore, the triangles are not limited to right-angled isosceles triangles.
Furthermore, the upper side of the framework structure in Fig. 5 may be configured without using the vertical members 3a, 3b, and 3c, as shown in Fig. 18, by combining horizontal members 91, 93, and 95 that have the same size in axial vertical cross section as the horizontal member 5 but have different axial lengths. In Fig. 5, the horizontal member 21 is attached, but in this case the outwardly extending portion of the horizontal member 95 occupies the original position of the horizontal member 21. In this way, as long as the external shape of the framework structure is the same, the contact points between the vertical members and the horizontal members can be changed, and when commercializing the product, the optimal combination will be selected taking into account factors such as manufacturing efficiency.
Furthermore, the mounting position of the metal fittings in the load-bearing column unit 1 in Figure 2 is shown as the optimal position taking into consideration the size and shape of the supporting portion of the beam 31, and the mounting position may change slightly if the size and shape of the supporting portion of the beam 31 changes.

Some of the end faces of the horizontal members 7 of the load-bearing column units 1, etc. are inclined surfaces, and the inclination angle of these surfaces is always 45°. However, this angle is set in consideration of the surface condition of the mating member and the direction of contact, in order to maximize the contact area, and it just so happens that the angle is 45°. For example, if the included angle of the triangle becomes acute or obtuse, the inclination angle will also change, and is not limited to 45°.
In addition, with regard to the contact surfaces of the columns 27, 29, ... and the beams 31, 39, ..., the minimum requirement is that the columns are placed in the specified positions and the fastening parts are secured, and this requirement does not include the ends of the beams 31, 39 being butted together along the L-shaped retaining frames 1b, 19b so that no gaps are created.
Furthermore, the types of materials and metal fittings that compose each member may be any currently used or may be devised in the future. For example, the wall panel units 67, 75 are fixed using specific metal fittings, namely, bolts 73 and long screws 81, but there is no particular limitation as long as the purpose of fastening can be achieved.
Furthermore, the beams 31, 39 are dropped from above and placed on the support surface 1c of the load-bearing column unit 1, but the direction in which metal fittings such as bolts are passed through is not limited to the above. For example, if the beam 31 has a portion that covers the side surface of the support surface 1c, it may be passed through from the side.

LIST OF SYMBOLS 1...Load-bearing column unit 1a...Corner shelf section 1b...L-shaped locking frame 1c...Placement surface 3a, 3b, 3c...Vertical member 3ax, 3cx...Side surface 5...Horizontal member 7...Horizontal member 9...Horizontal member 9x...End surface 11...Structural plywood 13...Insulation material 15...Waterproof sheet 17...Exterior finishing material 19A, 19B...Load-bearing column unit 19a...Corner shelf section 19b...L-shaped locking frame 19c...Placement surface 19d...Extended placement surface 21...Horizontal member 23...Load-bearing column unit 23a...Corner shelf section 25...Load-bearing column unit 25a...Corner shelf section 27...Outer column 27a...(Bottom surface) Abutment step 29...Inner column 31...Beam 31a...Upper surface 33...Beam body 35...Support material 35a...Inclined end surface 35b...Vertical end surface 35c...acute angle portion 37...service balcony 39...beam 41...beam body 41a...projection portion 43...support portion 43a...inclined end surface 45...beam 47...beam 49...exterior column 51...foundation 53...base 55...floor panel 57...beam 59...beam 61...floor panel 63...beam 65...beam 67...wall panel unit 69...square frame 69a...exposed surface 71...sash 73...bolt 75...wall panel unit 77...perforated wall body 77a...horizontal member 77b...structural plywood 79...small sash 81...long screw

Claims (11)

A framework structure is constructed with pillar members each made of an included angle vertical member located at the two included angles of a triangle when viewed from above and below, and one or more side vertical members per side that define the direction of each of the two sides, a basic beam member made of a horizontal member and installed across the two sides at the top, a basic beam member or a basic foundation member installed across the bottom, and a fire brace member installed across the remaining side in a triangular frame shape relative to the basic beam member installed across the top.
This load-bearing column unit is characterized in that it is wrapped with structural plywood to make it stronger, and the upper surface of the corner shelf formed by wrapping the fire-strike beam material is used as a beam support surface. The load-bearing column unit according to claim 1,
The basic beams are installed in two or more rows on the upper side, and the firestop beam members are installed between the basic beams installed in rows other than the top row.
This load-bearing column unit is characterized in that the edge of the beam support surface is raised and a locking frame is formed by wrapping the topmost basic beam material. The load-bearing column unit according to claim 1 or 2,
A framework structure including a base material installed at the bottom and a base material installed at the remaining side position,
A load-bearing column unit that is characterized by being wrapped in structural plywood to increase its strength. In the load-bearing column unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Horizontal members are attached to the outside of the framework to form the extensions.
A load-bearing column unit characterized in that the extension portion is wrapped in structural plywood to increase its strength. In the load-bearing column unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A load-bearing column unit characterized in that the surface coated with exterior finishing material is used as an exterior wall. In an improved wooden frame structure incorporating the load-bearing column unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A structure characterized in that a beam is dropped from above and placed on the beam support surface of the load-bearing column unit and tightened. In the improved wooden frame structure according to claim 6,
A structure characterized in that a service balcony is connected to a beam, and when the beam is dropped from above and placed on the beam support surface of the load-bearing column unit, the service balcony extends outward. In the improved wooden frame structure according to claim 6 or 7,
A structure in which the columns and/or beams are constructed by bundling together multiple shaft members to create uneven abutment surfaces on the axial end faces and/or side faces, and the beams abut unevenly against the load-bearing column units and the columns. In a wooden building construction method using the improved wooden framework structure according to any one of claims 6 to 8,
A construction method characterized by dropping load-bearing column units, columns, and beams from above and stacking them up. In the wooden building method according to claim 9,
This construction method is characterized in that an exterior wall panel unit consisting of a frame with horizontal and vertical members and a wall body and/or sash fixed to the outside side of the frame is fitted into a gap in the structural frame that makes up the exterior wall from the inside of the room to be integrated. In the wooden building method according to claim 10,
The horizontal and vertical members of the exterior wall panel unit fitted into the structural frame are exposed on the indoor side to form an exposed surface, and this exposed surface is used as the mounting surface for metal fittings passed through from the indoor side to fasten the unit to the structural frame.

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