JP7460695B2 - Ships - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a ship on which a vehicle can drive and board.

Examples of ships on which vehicles can self-propel and board include car ferries, RO-RO ships (roll-on/roll-off ships), PCCs (Pure Car Carriers), PCTCs (Pure Car & Truck Carriers), and the like. In such ships, for example, in order to improve environmental performance, there are cases where it is desired to use liquefied gas such as LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) as fuel.
Patent Document 1 discloses that in a ship equipped with a gas engine that uses liquefied gas such as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as fuel, a fuel tank for storing liquefied gas is installed in an engine room casing that extends from the engine room to the outside of the ship. A technique for vertically arranging them side by side is described.

Patent No. 5134621

A fuel tank that stores liquefied gas, such as the fuel tank of a ship described in Patent Document 1, is larger than a fuel tank that stores diesel fuel or the like. Therefore, the mounting space of the vehicle may be affected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and provides a ship that can suppress the influence on the mounting space of a vehicle.

In order to solve the above problems, the following configuration is adopted.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a plurality of decks on which a vehicle can drive and board, an outer bottom plate and an inner bottom plate forming a double bottom, and a ramp connecting the vertically adjacent decks. The first rampway and the second rampway , a stern ramp that is installed at the stern and allows vehicles to board the freeboard deck of the plurality of decks by themselves from the quay, and a stern ramp that is located at an intermediate position in the bow and stern direction. a center lamp that is provided so that a vehicle can be driven onto the freeboard deck from the quay by self-propulsion, and a rectangular partial transverse bulkhead that is provided at a plurality of locations in the bow and stern direction on each of the left and right sides and extends in the vertical direction; a gas engine driven using liquefied gas as fuel; and a fuel storage section that stores the fuel, the fuel storage section being a pressure vessel that stores the liquefied gas and located on the port side of the hull. a left fuel tank disposed adjacent to the liquefied gas; a right fuel tank which is a pressure vessel for accommodating the liquefied gas and disposed adjacent to the starboard side of the hull; and the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank, respectively. a plurality of casings that cover from the outside and have a rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis of the left fuel tank and are more rigid than the rectangular partial transverse bulkhead; A fuel supply pipe that extends along the inner side of the casing covering the fuel tank and the right side fuel tank to the inner bottom plate, and is led on the inner bottom plate to a gas fuel adjustment chamber adjacent to the main engine room that accommodates the gas engine. , wherein the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank extend upward from a position immediately above the inner bottom plate to a position immediately below the upper deck of the hull, and each of the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank extend upwardly from a position immediately above the inner bottom plate and extend from a position immediately below the upper deck of the hull, respectively. The plurality of casings are fixed to the plurality of decks and protrude above the upper deck to connect the fuel supply pipes to the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank. The gas fuel adjustment chamber has a protruding portion serving as a space, and the gas fuel adjustment chamber is arranged on the inner bottom plate between the casing covering the right fuel tank and the casing covering the left fuel tank,
The first rampway is arranged between the left side fuel tank and the right side fuel tank in the ship width direction , and is arranged between the left side fuel tank and the first rampway in the ship width direction on the level of the freeboard deck. The right fuel tanks are arranged side by side, and the second rampway is arranged closer to the bow than the center lamp .
With this configuration, multiple fuel tanks are placed adjacent to each other on the port and starboard sides, making it possible to secure a wide vehicle mounting space and vehicle running path on the deck in the width direction of the ship. . This makes it possible to improve the vehicle mounting space and the usability of the vehicle travel path. As a result, even if a fuel tank for storing liquefied gas is provided, the impact on the mounting space of the vehicle can be suppressed.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a plurality of the left fuel tanks according to the first aspect are arranged in a row in the bow and stern direction along the port side, and a plurality of right fuel tanks are arranged in a row in the bow and stern direction along the starboard side. The number of the left fuel tanks arranged in a row may be the same as the number of the right fuel tanks arranged in a row.
With this configuration, since the same number of left fuel tanks and right fuel tanks are arranged, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of imbalance in the width direction of the hull.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the marine vessel according to the first or second aspect, a casing may be provided that covers the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank from the outside, and the casing may be fixed to the deck.
With this configuration, the casing that covers the left and right fuel tanks from the outside can be used as a support structure for the multiple decks, making it possible to omit a dedicated support structure for the decks and suppressing the increase in the weight of the hull.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the marine vessel according to any one of the first to third aspects, the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank may each have the same shape and be disposed in positions symmetrical to each other with respect to the centerline of the hull in the width direction.
With this configuration, it is possible to prevent imbalance in the width direction of the hull caused by differences in weight and positioning between the left and right fuel tanks.

The above ship can reduce the impact on vehicle loading space.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a ship according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1; 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. It is an enlarged view of the fuel tank in the first modification of the embodiment of this invention. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a fuel tank according to a second modified example of the embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of the fuel tank in the third modification of the embodiment of this invention.

Next, a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a ship according to this embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of Fig. 1.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a ship 1 in this embodiment includes a hull 2 and a superstructure 3 .

The hull 2 has sides 4A and 4B, a bottom 5, and a plurality of decks 10. The sides 4A and 4B are composed of a pair of side outer plates forming the port and starboard sides, respectively. The bottom 5 consists of a bottom shell plate that connects these sides 4A and 4B. As shown in FIG. 2, the hull 2 is formed into a U-shape in cross section perpendicular to the bow and stern direction by the pair of sides 4A, 4B and the bottom 5. Inside the hull 2, a plurality of decks 10 are provided vertically at intervals. Further, the hull 2 has a double bottom, and an inner bottom plate 5B is arranged above the outer bottom plate 5A with a space therebetween.

The hull 2 includes a screw 7 and a rudder 8 below the stern 2A.
The screw 7 is rotationally driven by a gas engine 9, which is a main engine provided within the hull 2, and converts the rotational energy of the gas engine 9 into propulsive force for the hull 2. The rudder 8 is provided behind the screw 7 and controls the traveling direction of the hull 2.
The gas engine 9 is driven using liquefied gas as fuel, and is arranged in a main engine room 11 that is partitioned on the lowermost layer of the hull 2 on the side closer to the stern 2A. Note that the liquefied gas in this embodiment is LNG (Liquified Natural Gas).

The hull 2 further includes two shore ramps 12 for loading and unloading cargo such as vehicles. The ship 1 in this embodiment has shore lamps 12 (stern lamp 12A, center lamp 12B) provided at intermediate positions in the bow and stern direction of the stern 2A and the side 4B, respectively. These shore lamps 12 are connected to a freeboard deck 10A, which is a so-called boarding deck, and which is arranged in the middle layer among the decks 10 of the hull 2 formed in layers. When these shore lamps 12 are folded and deployed, vehicles such as passenger cars and trucks can drive themselves from the quay through the shore lamps 12 and board the freeboard deck 10A. The boarded vehicles (not shown) are stopped at predetermined loading positions on the decks 10 of predetermined floors and transported, for example, via the rampway 13, which is a ramp that connects the decks 10 that are vertically adjacent to each other. be done. The rampway 13 is, for example, movable up and down, and can be used, for example, as a mounting space for a vehicle after use.

The hull 2 further includes a plurality of rectangular transverse bulkheads 14 (see FIG. 3) on the left and right sides 4A, 4B. These rectangular transverse bulkheads 14 (also referred to as bones) are arranged at a plurality of locations at intervals in the bow-stern direction (direction indicated by AF in the figure). The rectangular partial transverse bulkhead 14 provided on the left side 4A is formed to extend in the vertical direction along the inner surface 4Ai (see FIG. 3) of the left side 4A. The rectangular transverse bulkhead 14 provided on the right side 4B is formed to extend in the vertical direction along the inner surface 4Bi (see FIG. 3) of the right side 4B. The rectangular transverse bulkhead 14 exemplified in this embodiment has two rectangular transverse bulkheads 14 arranged adjacent to each other in the bow and stern direction forming one set, and a plurality of sets of these rectangular transverse bulkheads 14. are arranged at intervals in the bow and stern direction. In addition, in FIG. 2, illustration of the rectangular partial horizontal partition wall 14 is omitted.

The superstructure 3 is formed on the upper deck 10B of the hull 2 (see FIG. 1). The superstructure 3 includes a bridge 3A and a living area 3B.
In addition, in FIG. 3, the symbol "EC" is an engine casing connected from the main engine compartment 11 to the funnel F. This engine casing EC is formed along the left side 4A from the main engine room 11 toward the upper deck 10B. The exhaust pipe of the gas engine 9 extends to the funnel F (see FIG. 1) through the engine casing EC.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hull 2 includes a plurality of fuel storage sections 20 therein for storing liquefied gas, which is fuel for the main engine. The fuel storage section 20 includes a fuel tank 21, a casing 22, and a fuel supply pipe 23.

The fuel tank 21 is a pressure vessel that stores liquefied gas at high pressure and low temperature. The fuel tank 21 is arranged to vertically penetrate the deck 10. In other words, the fuel tank 21 is arranged in a vertical position in which each deck 10 and the central axis C1 of the fuel tank 21 are substantially perpendicular to each other. The fuel tank 21 in this embodiment includes an upper end 21a, a body 21b, and a lower end 21c.

The upper end portion 21a is formed into a hemispherical shape that is convex upward. The body portion 21b is formed in a cylindrical shape with its axis (center axis C1) facing in the vertical direction. The lower end portion 21c is formed in a hemispherical shape convex downward. The fuel tank 21 has an upper end 21a connected to pipes such as a fuel supply pipe 23, so that liquefied gas can be taken in and taken out from the upper end 21a. Note that the vertical direction in this embodiment can also be referred to as a direction perpendicular to the reference plane 5K of the boat bottom 5, or in other words, a height direction of the boat body 2.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the casing 22 covers the fuel tank 21 from the outside. The casing 22 illustrated in this embodiment is formed into a rectangular column shape with a cross section perpendicular to the central axis C1 of the fuel tank 21. The inner surface 22a of the casing 22 is spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface 21S of the fuel tank 21. The fuel tank 21 is supported, for example, on the upper part of the casing 22, which suppresses displacement of the piping connection due to thermal expansion, etc. Note that a heat insulating material (not shown) or the like may be attached to the inner surface 22a of the casing 22 and the outer peripheral surface 21S of the fuel tank 21.

The casing 22 functions as a structure that provides support between each level of the deck 10. The casing 22 is fixed to the deck 10 of each level by welding or the like. Because the casing 22 functions as a structure that supports the deck 10 in this way, the rectangular bulkhead 14 described above can be omitted in the range in the bow-stern direction where the casing 22 is located.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel tank 21 includes a left fuel tank 21A and a right fuel tank 21B.
The left fuel tank 21A is disposed adjacent to the left sidewall 4A of the hull 2. The left fuel tanks 21A are disposed in a row in the bow-stern direction along the left sidewall 4A. In this embodiment, there are two left fuel tanks 21A disposed in a row in the bow-stern direction along the left sidewall 4A. These two left fuel tanks 21A are covered by a single casing 22.

The right side fuel tank 21B is disposed adjacent to the right side 4B of the hull 2. The right side fuel tanks 21B are disposed in a row in the bow-stern direction along the right side 4B. In this embodiment, like the left side fuel tank 21A, two right side fuel tanks 21B are disposed in a row in the bow-stern direction along the right side 4B. In other words, the number of left side fuel tanks 21A and the number of right side fuel tanks 21B are the same. Like the left side fuel tank 21A, these two right side fuel tanks 21B are also covered by a single casing 22. In the following description, when there is no need to distinguish between the left side fuel tank 21A and the right side fuel tank 21B, they may be simply referred to as fuel tanks 21.

The left fuel tank 21A and the right fuel tank 21B in this embodiment have the same size and shape, and are located directly above the double bottom inner bottom plate 5B (see FIG. 2) to immediately above the upper deck 10B. It is placed across the bottom position. A casing 22 covering these fuel tanks 21 is arranged from the inner bottom plate 5B to a position immediately above the upper deck 10B. A protruding portion 24 of the casing 22 that protrudes above the upper deck 10B serves as a space for connecting piping to the fuel tank 21 and the like.
Further, the left fuel tank 21A and the right fuel tank 21B in this embodiment are arranged so that their positions in the bow and stern direction are the same. That is, the left fuel tank 21A and the right fuel tank 21B are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line C2 in the width direction of the ship.

Furthermore, the fuel tank 21 in this embodiment is arranged between the center lamp 12B and the stern lamp 12A in the bow and aft direction. More specifically, the fuel tank 21 is disposed between the center lamp 12B and the stern lamp 12A on the side closer to the center lamp 12B.

The hull 2 illustrated in this embodiment is equipped with two rampways 13, a first rampway 13A and a second rampway 13B. The first rampway 13A is a ramp along which vehicles can move autonomously between the freeboard deck 10A and the deck 10 below it. The first rampway 13A is located between the centerline C2 in the width direction of the ship and the left fuel tank 21A. This first rampway 13A is normally used by vehicles boarding and disembarking from the stern ramp 12A.

The second rampway 13B is a ramp for a vehicle to move by itself between the freeboard deck 10A and the upper deck 10. The second rampway 13B is arranged closer to the bow 2F than the center lamp 12B in the bow and stern direction. This second rampway 13B is arranged at a position closer to the center line C2 in the ship width direction than the right side 4B. This second rampway is normally used by vehicles getting on and off from the center ramp.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the hull 2 illustrated in this embodiment includes a bunker station 25. Bunker station 25 is a connection part that allows fuel to be supplied to fuel tank 21 at sea. In the hull 2 in this embodiment, bunker stations 25 are arranged on the left side 4A near the left fuel tank 21A and on the right side 4B near the right fuel tank 21B, respectively. Note that the bunker station 25 may be provided only on either the starboard or port side.

The fuel stored in the fuel tanks 21 described above is supplied to the gas engine 9 via the fuel supply pipes 23. The fuel supply pipes 23 run from the upper ends 21a of the fuel tanks 21 along the inner side of the casing 22 to the inner bottom plate 5B, and are led to the gas fuel regulation chamber FPR adjacent to the main engine room 11 on the inner bottom plate 5B between the casings 22 on the left and right sides of the center line C2. In this gas fuel regulation chamber FPR, the liquefied gas is vaporized using, for example, seawater. This vaporized gas is supplied to the gas engine 9 in the main engine room 11 and used to drive the gas engine 9.

Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, since the multiple fuel tanks 21 are arranged adjacent to the left side 4A and the right side 4B, respectively, it is possible to secure a wide vehicle loading space and vehicle running path in the ship width direction on the deck 10. This improves the usability of the vehicle loading space and vehicle running path. As a result, even when the fuel tanks 21 that store liquefied gas are arranged, the impact on the vehicle loading space can be suppressed.

Furthermore, the number of left fuel tanks 21A lined up is the same as the number of right side fuel tanks 21B lined up. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of imbalance in the width direction of the hull 2. In addition, since the left fuel tank 21A and the right fuel tank 21B are arranged symmetrically with respect to the centerline C2 in the ship width direction, it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of imbalance in the ship body 2 in the ship width direction. can.

Furthermore, the casing 22 can be used as a structure that supports multiple layers of the deck 10. Therefore, the rectangular transverse bulkhead 14 that supports the deck 10 and suppresses deformation of the hull can be omitted by providing the casing 22. As a result, an increase in the weight of the hull 2 can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the casing 22 is a structure that supports the fuel tank 21, it has higher rigidity than the normal rectangular transverse bulkhead 14. Therefore, by using the casing 22 as a structure that supports the deck 10 of the hull 2, the rigidity of the hull 2 can be increased more than when using the rectangular transverse bulkhead 14.

Next, first to third modified examples of the above-described embodiment will be described based on the drawings. Note that the first to third modified examples differ from the above-described embodiment only in the number of fuel tanks 21, height, etc. Therefore, the same parts as in the embodiment described above will be described with the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

(First and second variations)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a fuel tank in a first modification of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a fuel tank in a second modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment described above, the case where the fuel tank 21 is formed with a length extending from a position immediately above the inner bottom plate 5B to a position immediately below the upper deck 10B is illustrated. However, the length of the fuel tank 21 is not limited to the length of the embodiment described above. For example, as in a first modification shown in FIG. 4, the upper end portion 121A of the fuel tank 121 may be formed with a length that projects slightly above the upper deck 10B. The upper end portion 121A of the fuel tank 121 may penetrate the casing 22 and be exposed to the outside of the hull 2. In this case, since the capacity of the fuel tank 21 can be increased, it becomes possible to carry more liquefied gas than in the fuel tank 21 of the embodiment described above. Note that the casing 22 may cover the upper end portion 121A from the outside.

Furthermore, as in the second modified example shown in FIG. 5, the length of the fuel tank 221 may be set to a length extending from a position directly above the inner bottom plate 5B to near the midpoint between the freeboard deck 10A and the upper deck 10B. In this case, the fuel tank 221 is not disposed on the upper part of the hull 2, so that the center of gravity of the hull 2 is prevented from becoming high. Also, by adopting the second modified example, the vehicle mounting space on the deck 10 located at a level higher than the midpoint can be expanded.

(Third Modification)
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a fuel tank according to a third modified embodiment of the present invention.
In the above embodiment, the case where two right side fuel tanks 21B and two left side fuel tanks 21A are provided has been described. However, the number of right side fuel tanks 21B and left side fuel tanks 21A provided is not limited to two each.
For example, as shown in Fig. 6, three right fuel tanks 321B and three left fuel tanks 321A may be disposed, or, although not shown, four or more fuel tanks may be disposed. Note that, although Fig. 6 shows only the right fuel tank 321B, the left fuel tank 321A has a similar configuration.

The present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and design changes are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, a case has been described in which a plurality of fuel tanks 21 are housed in one casing 22. However, the fuel tanks 21 may be covered one by one by the casing 22. In this way, the rigidity of the hull 2 can be further increased.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, a case has been described in which the casing 22 is fixed to the deck 10 of each floor, but the casing 22 does not need to be fixed directly to the deck 10. Moreover, the casing 22 is not limited to being fixed to the decks 10 of all floors, but may be fixed only to the decks 10 of some floors.
Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, a case has been described in which the central axis C1 of the fuel tank 21 extends in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane 5K of the ship bottom 5. However, the central axis C1 may be slightly inclined with respect to a straight line extending perpendicularly to the reference plane 5K.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the decks 10 are arranged in a tiered manner, but for example, a liftable deck that can be raised and lowered with a vehicle loaded on it may be provided between each deck 10.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, a car carrier is used as an example of the ship 1, but the ship 1 may be any ship in which a vehicle can move on its own, such as a car ferry.

Furthermore, although the ship 1 in the above-described embodiment has been described as having two shore ramps 12, the ship may be provided with only one shore ramp 12. The arrangement of the rampway 13 inside the hull 2 is not limited to the arrangement of the rampway 13 exemplified in the above-described embodiment. In other words, the rampway 13 does not have to be arranged between the left fuel tank 21A and the right fuel tank 21B.
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the ship 1 is described as having only the gas engine 9 as a drive source, but the ship may be equipped with both a gas engine and another internal combustion engine. The gas engine may also be a dual-fuel engine that can use conventional oil fuel.

The two rectangular transverse bulkheads arranged adjacent to each other in the bow-stern direction in Figure 3 do not have to be two, but may be one or three or more. Furthermore, there may be only one rectangular transverse bulkhead, which is wider in the hull's lateral direction than the rectangular transverse bulkhead.

Reference Signs List 1 Ship 2 Hull 3 Superstructure 4A, 4B Ship side 5 Ship bottom 5A Outer bottom plating 5B Inner bottom plating 7 Screw 8 Rudder 9 Gas engine 10 Deck 11 Main engine room 12 Shore ramp 12A Stern ramp 12B Center ramp 13 Rampway 13A First rampway 13B Second rampway 14 Rectangular portion transverse bulkhead 20 Fuel storage section 21 Fuel tank 22 Casing 23 Fuel supply piping (piping)
24 protruding portion 25 bunker station

Claims (4)

a hull comprising: a plurality of decks onto which vehicles can self-propel themselves; an outer bottom plate and an inner bottom plate constituting a double bottom; a first ramp way and a second ramp way which are ramps connecting adjacent decks vertically ; a stern ramp provided at the stern and enabling vehicles to self-propel themselves from a quay onto a freeboard deck among the plurality of decks; a center ramp provided at a midpoint in the bow-stern direction and enabling vehicles to self-propel themselves from the quay onto the freeboard deck; and rectangular partial transverse bulkheads provided at a plurality of locations in the bow-stern direction on each of the left and right shipboard sides and extending in the vertical direction ;
A gas engine that uses liquefied gas as fuel;
a fuel storage unit that stores the fuel;
Equipped with
The fuel storage unit includes:
a left fuel tank which is a pressure vessel for accommodating the liquefied gas and is disposed adjacent to the port side of the hull;
a right fuel tank which is a pressure vessel for accommodating the liquefied gas and is disposed adjacent to the starboard side of the hull;
a plurality of casings which cover the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank from the outside, respectively, and each have a rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a central axis of the left fuel tank, the casing having a higher rigidity than the rectangular portion of the transverse bulkhead;
a fuel supply pipe extending from each upper end of the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank along the inner side surfaces of the casings covering the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank to the inner bottom plate, and leading to a gas fuel adjustment chamber adjacent to a main engine room that houses the gas engine on the inner bottom plate;
Equipped with
the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank are disposed so as to extend upward from a position immediately above the inner bottom plate to a position immediately below the upper deck of the hull, and to penetrate a plurality of the decks in the vertical direction,
the plurality of casings are fixed to the plurality of decks and have protruding portions that protrude above the upper deck and provide spaces for connecting the fuel supply pipes to the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank,
the gas fuel adjustment chamber is disposed on the inner bottom plate between a casing covering the right fuel tank and a casing covering the left fuel tank,
The first rampway is disposed between the left fuel tank and the right fuel tank in the ship width direction ,
A ship in which, on the freeboard deck level, the left side fuel tank, the first rampway, and the right side fuel tank are arranged side by side in the ship's width direction, and the second rampway is arranged on the bow side of the center ramp . A plurality of the left fuel tanks are arranged in a row in the bow and aft direction along the port side,
A plurality of the right fuel tanks are arranged in a row in the bow and aft direction along the starboard side,
The ship according to claim 1, wherein the number of the left side fuel tanks is the same as the number of the right side fuel tanks. The vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casing is fixed to the deck. The left fuel tank and the right fuel tank are
4. The ship according to claim 1, wherein the two hull members are identical in shape and arranged symmetrically with respect to a centerline of the hull in the width direction.

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