JP7448483B2 - 鮒寿司から単離されたラクトバチルス・プランタラム種である乳酸菌及びそのスクリーニング方法 - Google Patents
鮒寿司から単離されたラクトバチルス・プランタラム種である乳酸菌及びそのスクリーニング方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
滋賀県産の鮒寿司からスクリーニングより単離された乳酸菌FS-1株を同定した。具体的には、以下に説明する方法によりスクリーニングを行った。まず、魚のすり身を、当量の純水と共に家庭用フードプロセッサーで撹拌したのち、オートクレーブで115℃15分間加熱滅菌した。次いで、12.5%すり身、1.4%寒天、20μg/mlブロムクレゾールパープルおよび0.5%グルコースを含む培地を作製し、菌株(1000CFU/g)を播種し、32℃で2日間培養した後の菌数(CFU/g)およびpHを測定した。菌数が2×108CFU/g以上であり、pH4.2以下であった株を、最も良好な菌株とした。上記スクリーニングで基準を超えた株(最も良好な菌株)は、6株であった。
乳酸菌には、FS-1株の死菌体を用いた。4週齢のSDラットオスを対照(コントロール)群および乳酸菌群(死菌体2%配合群;FS-1群)に分け、それぞれに対して表1に示した組成の餌を14日間投与した(各群n=8)。各ラットについて、毎日、摂餌量、体重および糞重量を測定した。14日後には、ラットから血液および脂質を採材した。血液は、3000rpm15分間遠心(トミー工業株式会社AX-311)を行い、血清を回収し、血清中の中性脂肪濃度をトリグリセライド E-テストワコー(Wako社)を用いて測定した。脂質は、採材後重量を測定した。
本実施例において、各図はMean±SEで表記した。図3~6はT. Test検定、図7~8はWillcox検定を実施し、*:P < 0.05、#:P < 0.1で表記した。
試験試料として、FS-1株の乾燥粉末(Lot.001)を用いた。陽性対照には、「補中益気湯」顆粒(TJ-41)(株式会社ツムラ)を用いた。試験ウイルスにはA/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)を用いた。試料動物には、BALB/cマウス、5~6週齢、雌を用いた。
試験試料であるFS-1乾燥粉末を正確に秤量し、0.5%CMC-Na(Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose)水溶液を加え、2mg/mLおよび20mg/mLの濃度の均一な懸濁液を作製した。陽性対照は、試験試料と同様の方法で、10mg/mLの懸濁液を作製した。
マウスを正常対照群(Nor Cont;Nor C)、モデル対照群(Mod Cont;Mod C)、陽性対照群(Pos Cont;Pos C)、試料低投与群(FS-1 L)および試料高投与群(FS-1 H)の5つに分けた(各群n=10)。各群に対する投与量は表5に示す。なお、正常対照群とモデル対照群には0.5%CMC-Na水溶液のみを投与した。Doseは投与した試料の濃度と投与量から算出した。
試験サンプルは1日1回、連続14日間で経口により投与してマウスを飼育した。その後、正常対照群は40μlのPBS(Phosphate buffered saline)、その他の試験群は40μlのH1N1ウイルス懸濁液(濃度1×104 TCID50)を点滴投与した。なお、投与とその後の試験はBiosafety level 2(BSL-2)の試験室で行った。
ウイルス接種の3日後に試験を終了し、各群について、体重、肺重量、肺/体重比を測定し、肺PCR(右側)および病理観察(左側)を評価した。
ウイルス接種後の各試験群動物の体重(g)の測定結果を表6および図3に示す。D0~D3は、それぞれウイルス接種の0日~3日目の体重を占める。ウイルス接種した各群において、接種3日目の体重は、正常対照群に比べて、顕著な低下を示した。
ウイルス接種後の各試験群動物の肺重量(g)の測定結果は表7および図4に示す。肺/体重比(%)の算出結果は表7および図5に示す。ウイルス接種により、モデル対照群(Mod C)動物の肺重量が増加した。これに対して試料低投与群(FS-1 L)および試料高投与群(FS-1 H)では、ウイルス感染による肺重量の増加が有意に抑制された。
ウイルス接種した各群の動物肺部のウイルス感染状況をPCRで測定した。採材した肺は、EasyPure Viral DNA/RNA Kit(TransGen Biotech社)を用いて溶解し、RNAを抽出・濃縮し、NanoDrop 2000c超微量分光光度計(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)でRNA濃度を測定した。その後、Eppendorf Realplex分光蛍光光度計(Eppendorf社)を用いて、各サンプル中のリアルタイムRNAの相対発現量を測定した。なお、測定時に内部標準としてGAPDHを使用し、測定値の補正を行った。測定結果を表8および図6に示す。モデル対照群(Mod C)に比べて、試料高投与群(FS-1 H)のウイルス発現量が抑制される傾向を示した。
肺病理観察により、出血状態を観察した。出血状態は、出血あり(+)、出血なし(-)として各個体を評価した。ウイルス接種した各群動物肺部の出血状態の評価結果を表9および図7に示す。
(材料)
菌株は、ラクトバチルス・プランタラム亜種プランタラムFS-1株を用いた。FS-1株は、MRS培地(Difco社)を用いて30℃で24時間増殖させ、マイナス70℃で凍結保存したものを種菌とした(FS-1C株)。
種菌試料:MRS培地で増殖させた菌株(FS-1株)を遠心して集菌し、生理食塩水で洗菌後、リン酸緩衝塩溶液で108CFU/mlに調整して98℃で5分間加熱殺菌して死菌液とした。
培養終了後、2000rpmで5分間遠心し、上清はサイトカイン測定用に凍結保存し、沈渣のPBMCは直ちにNK活性の測定に用いた。
サイトカイン:培養上清に含まれるサイトカインとして、インターフェロンγ(IFN-γ)を市販のELISA法による測定キットAffimetrix/eBioscience)を用いて測定した。また、インターロイキン12(IL-12)も市販のELISAキット(R&D System)を用いて測定した。
試験1における、菌体刺激による免疫機能の変化(PBMCを各種試料で37℃20時間刺激した後の培地中に放出されたサイトカインおよびPBMCに含まれるNK活性)を示す測定結果を表11に示す(Exp.1)。提供者K(60代女性)のPBMCを用いて、FS-1株の菌体、比較のために市販されている乳酸菌株であるカゼイ・シロタ株(Lactobacillus casei)の菌体を試料として試験した。なお、試料中の菌数は、菌体試料が同じ濃度(終濃度107cfu/ml)になるように設定した。
試験1と同じ傾向が他の個体でも見られるかどうかを調べるため、提供者A(60代男性)のPBMCを加えて2種類のPBMCで試験を行った(Exp.2)。結果を表11に示す。
Claims (10)
- 鮒寿司から単離されたラクトバチルス・プランタラム種である乳酸菌であって、ウイルス感染抑制作用、NK活性亢進作用、脂質減少作用、便通改善作用および血中中性脂肪低下作用からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの作用を有する、受託番号NITE BP-02791で寄託されているラクトバチルス・プランタラム亜種プランタラムFS-1C株。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を有効成分として含有する、ウイルス感染抑制剤。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を有効成分として含有する、NK活性亢進剤。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を有効成分として含有する、脂質減少剤。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を有効成分として含有する、血中中性脂肪低下剤。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を有効成分として含有する、便通改善剤。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を含む化粧品。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を含む、ウイルス感染抑制用またはNK活性亢進用食品組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を含む、脂質減少用または血中中性脂肪低下用食品組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体、前記菌体を含む培養物または処理された前記菌体を含む処理物を含む、便通改善用食品組成物。
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