JP7431954B2 - ハイドロフラックス支援型緻密化 - Google Patents
ハイドロフラックス支援型緻密化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7431954B2 JP7431954B2 JP2022520665A JP2022520665A JP7431954B2 JP 7431954 B2 JP7431954 B2 JP 7431954B2 JP 2022520665 A JP2022520665 A JP 2022520665A JP 2022520665 A JP2022520665 A JP 2022520665A JP 7431954 B2 JP7431954 B2 JP 7431954B2
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
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- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
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- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
- C04B35/2608—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt and one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead
- C04B35/2633—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt and one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead containing barium, strontium or calcium
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- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
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- C04B35/453—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
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Description
本出願は、2019年10月4日に出願された米国仮出願第62/910,743号に関連し、その利益を主張し、その内容全体は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、米国国立科学財団によって授与された助成金番号IIP1361571及びIIP1361503の下で政府援助を受けてなされた。政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有する。
実施形態は、焼結のための輸送相(溶融温度を抑制するためにプロセス中に結合水を導入することによって形成される)を導入する改良されたハイドロフラックス支援型緻密化プロセス(hydroflux assisted densification process)に関し、輸送相は非水性材料(non-aqueous material)である。このプロセスは、低温範囲(400℃以下、好ましくは200℃以下)での焼結を容易にし、従来のプロセスを使用した場合に必要となる追加の後処理ステップを必要とせずに、80%を超える(好ましくは90%を超える)緻密化を実現することができる。
これは、80℃という低い分解値を有するZnO-Zn(OAc)2システムで検討されてきた。しかし、分解温度と分解生成物の両方が、局所的な環境によって大きく影響されることも実証されている。したがって、冷間焼結の高圧かつ変化する化学環境が、添加した輸送相の分解に影響を与える可能性が高い。以前の、水熱合成されたZnOのその場での回折研究では、Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2-2H2O前駆体が大気中での固相反応と比較して水熱条件下で異なる分解経路をたどり、水熱の場合には異なる中間体を形成することを報告して、この考えを裏付けている。さらに、分解温度は大気中で報告されている値よりも水熱条件下で著しく低いことがわかった。同様に、外部から加えられた圧力と任意の加熱された蒸気相による内部圧力は、冷間焼結中に起こる反応を変える可能性があり、これはシンクロトロン放射の強力な機能を用いて調べることができる。
Claims (19)
- 緻密化される混合物を形成する方法であって、
輸送相を無機化合物と組み合わせて混合物を形成することを含み、前記輸送相は、緻密化中の微粒子材料の再分配をアシストするように構成され、
前記混合物が形成される前、最中、又は後に、前記輸送相に構造水を添加して、水が1重量%~20重量%の範囲内にある固溶体を形成する、方法。 - 緻密化される混合物を形成する方法であって、
輸送相を無機化合物と組み合わせて混合物を形成することを含み、前記輸送相は、緻密化中の微粒子材料の再分配をアシストするように構成され、
前記混合物が形成される前、最中、又は後に、前記輸送相に構造水を添加して、水が0.1重量%~20重量%の範囲内にある固溶体を形成する、方法。 - 前記輸送相が、水、可溶性塩と混合した水、C1-12アルコール、ケトン、エステル、有機酸、及び可溶性塩と混合した有機酸のいずれか一つ又は組合せを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記輸送相が、100℃~1000℃の範囲内の沸点を有するように構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記無機化合物が、セラミック、金属酸化物、リチウム金属酸化物、非リチウム金属酸化物、金属炭酸塩、金属硫酸塩、金属セレン化物、金属フッ化物、金属テルル化物、金属ヒ化物、金属臭化物、金属ヨウ化物、金属窒化物、金属硫化物、及び金属炭化物のいずれか一つ又は組合せを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記無機化合物が、ZnO、Li2MoO4、KH2PO4、V2O5、NaCl、MoO3、NaCl、Li2CO3、BiVO4、LiFePO4、Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3、WO3、ZnTe、CsSO4、AgVO3、LiCoPO4、Li0.5xBi1-0.5xMoxV1-xO4、V2O3、AgI、Li2MoO4、Na2ZrO3、KH2PO4、V2O5、CuCl、Na2Mo2O7、BaTiO3、Ca5(PO4)3(OH)、ZnO、ZrF4、K2Mo2O7、NaNO2、(LiBi)0.5MoO4、Bi2O3、α-Al2O3、ZnMoO4、Mg2P2O7、CsBr、ZrO2 PSZ、Li2WO4、BaMoO4、MgO、ZrO2 Cubic、Na2WO4、Cs2WO4、PbTe、K2VO4、NaxCO2O4、Bi2Te3、Bi2VO4、Ca3Co4O9、LiVO3、KPO3、SrTiO3、LiCoO2、BaCl2、Bi2O3、B2O3、KOH、PbO、及びNa2CO3のいずれか一つ又は組合せを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 焼結材料用の混合配合物であって、
無機化合物と、
緻密化中の微粒子材料の再分配をアシストするように構成されている輸送相と、
を含み、
前記輸送相が、有機塩、無機塩、又はハイブリッド塩と1重量%~20重量%の範囲内の水との固溶体であり、水と塩の組合せにより、緻密化を促進するために微粒子相に必要な溶解性を生じる、混合配合物。 - 焼結材料用の混合配合物であって、
無機化合物と、
緻密化中の微粒子材料の再分配をアシストするように構成されている輸送相と、
を含み、
前記輸送相が、有機塩、無機塩、又はハイブリッド塩と0.1重量%~20重量%の範囲内の水との固溶体であり、水と塩の組合せにより、緻密化を促進するために微粒子相に必要な溶解性を生じる、混合配合物。 - 前記輸送相が、水、可溶性塩と混合した水、C1-12アルコール、ケトン、エステル、有機酸、及び可溶性塩と混合した有機酸のいずれか一つ又は組合せを含む、請求項7又は8に記載の混合配合物。
- 前記輸送相が、100℃~1000℃の範囲内の沸点を有するように構成されている、請求項7又は8に記載の混合配合物。
- 前記無機化合物が、セラミック、金属酸化物、リチウム金属酸化物、非リチウム金属酸化物、金属炭酸塩、金属硫酸塩、金属セレン化物、金属フッ化物、金属テルル化物、金属ヒ化物、金属臭化物、金属ヨウ化物、金属窒化物、金属硫化物、及び金属炭化物のいずれか一つ又は組合せを含む、請求項7又は8に記載の混合配合物。
- 前記無機化合物が、ZnO、Li2MoO4、KH2PO4、V2O5、NaCl、MoO3、NaCl、Li2CO3、BiVO4、LiFePO4、Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3、WO3、ZnTe、CsSO4、AgVO3、LiCoPO4、Li0.5xBi1-0.5xMoxV1-xO4、V2O3、AgI、Li2MoO4、Na2ZrO3、KH2PO4、V2O5、CuCl、Na2Mo2O7、BaTiO3、Ca5(PO4)3(OH)、ZnO、ZrF4、K2Mo2O7、NaNO2、(LiBi)0.5MoO4、Bi2O3、α-Al2O3、ZnMoO4、Mg2P2O7、CsBr、ZrO2 PSZ、Li2WO4、BaMoO4、MgO、ZrO2 Cubic、Na2WO4、Cs2WO4、PbTe、K2VO4、NaxCO2O4、Bi2Te3、Bi2VO4、Ca3Co4O9、LiVO3、KPO3、SrTiO3、LiCoO2、BaCl2、Bi2O3、B2O3、KOH、PbO、及びNa2CO3のいずれか一つ又は組合せを含む、請求項7又は8に記載の混合配合物。
- 緻密化された材料を形成する方法であって、
輸送相を無機化合物と組み合わせて混合物を形成すること、
前記混合物中にフラックスを形成させること、
圧力及び温度を適用して、物質輸送及び粒子固結を促進し、圧密体である緻密で堅牢な多結晶体をもたらすこと、
を含み、
最初に固体であった輸送相材料の高温溶融物が、圧力及び温度の前記適用中に溶融して前記圧密体のある位置で前駆体材料を溶解し、前記圧密体の別の位置で新しい結晶の核生成を促進すること、をさらに含む、方法。 - 緻密化された材料を形成する方法であって、
輸送相を無機化合物と組み合わせて混合物を形成すること、
前記混合物中にフラックスを形成させること、
圧力及び温度を適用して、物質輸送及び粒子固結を促進し、圧密体である緻密で堅牢な多結晶体をもたらすこと、
を含み、
相図における水熱及びフラックスベースの結晶成長が交差する点が、前記輸送相の沸点又はその近くの温度で物質輸送相を導入するように、フラックス成長と水熱成長との間の領域にまたがるハイドロフラックスを生成することをさらに含み、前記物質輸送相は非水溶液である、方法。 - 前記緻密化された材料を生成することは、本質的に、
輸送相を無機化合物と組み合わせて前記混合物を形成すること、
前記輸送相を前記無機化合物と組み合わせる前、最中、又は後に前記輸送相に水を添加すること、
前記混合物中にフラックスを形成させること、
圧力及び温度を適用して、前記無機化合物の無機材料の粒子間の物質輸送を活性化し、緻密化をもたらすこと、
初期の粒子圧密体を緻密で堅牢な多結晶体に変換するのに十分な時間を提供すること、
からなる、請求項13又は14に記載の方法 - 前記輸送相が前記無機化合物を部分的に可溶化して混合物を形成すること、をさらに含む、請求項13又は14に記載の方法。
- 前記輸送相を前記無機化合物と組み合わせる前、最中、又は後に前記輸送相に水を添加すること、
圧力及び温度の前記適用中に、前記添加された水が前記輸送相の溶融温度を抑制することを可能にし、高温でのより迅速な輸送又は正味のより低温での輸送のいずれかを引き起こすこと、
をさらに含む、請求項13又は14に記載の方法。 - 圧力を適用することが、30Mpa~5,000Mpaの範囲内で圧力を適用することを含む、請求項13又は14に記載の方法。
- 温度を適用することが、100℃~300℃の範囲内で温度を適用することを含む、請求項13又は14に記載の方法。
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