JP7429857B2 - power system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system that can stably supply power in response to voltage drop, power outage, power supply peak, etc.

As this type of power supply system, there is one that is configured to supply power from a generator to a load in the event of an instantaneous voltage drop, a power outage, or a peak in power supply. In order to manage the remaining amount of fuel in the generator, a method is described that calculates the amount of fuel consumed based on the operating time of the generator and further estimates the remaining amount of fuel.

However, with the above configuration, it is difficult to perform fuel management remotely, and in order to manage the fuel of the generators already installed in customer equipment, it is necessary to Various interfaces are required, which increases manufacturing costs.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the need for an interface tailored to the model of the generator, Patent Document 2 describes a system that images the fuel meter of the generator with a camera and calculates the fuel consumption amount from the image obtained. ing.

However, when attempting to constantly manage the remaining fuel level in order to avoid running out of fuel during unmanned operation during peak cut operation, for example, the above-mentioned configuration using a camera does not allow the camera to illuminate the fuel meter at night or in the rain. additional lighting is required, which ultimately leads to an increase in costs.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-11874 JP2019-187026A

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems all at once, and it is possible to reduce the remaining fuel amount of the generator, regardless of the model of the generator already installed in the consumer equipment, while suppressing the increase in cost. The main challenge is to be able to manage it at all times.

That is, the power supply system according to the present invention is a power supply system disposed in customer equipment equipped with a generator connected to a load supplied with power from a commercial power system, and is a power supply system that is installed in customer equipment that is equipped with a generator connected to a load supplied with power from a commercial power system, and in which information about exhaust gas discharged from the generator is used. The generator is characterized by comprising a sensor unit that measures certain exhaust information, and a remaining fuel amount calculation unit that calculates the remaining fuel amount of the generator based on the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit. .

With such a power supply system, the amount of remaining fuel is calculated based on exhaust gas information from the generator, so if you retrofit a sensor to an existing generator, you can continue to use fuel even at night or in the rain. The remaining amount can be calculated. As a result, regardless of the model of the generator already installed in the consumer equipment, it becomes possible to constantly manage the remaining fuel amount of the generator while suppressing an increase in cost.

As a specific embodiment for calculating the remaining amount of fuel, the sensor unit may calculate at least one of the temperature of the exhaust gas, gas components, gas component concentration, exhaust particle components, or exhaust particle emissions from the exhaust information. There are some things that can be measured as follows.

The remaining fuel amount calculation unit may calculate the remaining fuel amount by calculating the fuel consumption amount of the generator based on the exhaust information and subtracting the fuel consumption amount from the initial amount of fuel. be able to.
With this, the user can know the remaining amount of fuel more accurately. This makes it possible, for example, to prevent fuel from running out by refueling at an appropriate timing depending on the amount of fuel remaining, or to adjust the power consumption of the load on consumer equipment in the event of a disruption in fuel supply. This can extend the operating time of the generator.

An embodiment may be mentioned in which the fuel remaining amount calculation unit integrates the exhaust information during the operating time of the generator, and calculates the fuel consumption amount by multiplying the integrated value by a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient.
With these, for example, by using operating characteristic coefficients determined according to the type of existing generator, fuel, etc., it is possible to flexibly respond to various generators.

In order to more accurately calculate the amount of fuel consumed or the amount of fuel remaining, the system may further include a correction unit that corrects the operating characteristic coefficient according to the type of fuel, the type of generator, or the operating state of the generator. is preferred.
With such a configuration, it is possible to calculate the fuel consumption amount and the remaining amount of fuel by taking into consideration differences in the type of fuel, the type of generator, or the operating state of the generator, and it is possible to improve calculation accuracy.

According to the present invention configured in this way, it becomes possible to constantly manage the remaining amount of fuel in the generator, regardless of the model of the generator already installed in the consumer equipment, while suppressing an increase in cost.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a power supply system according to the present embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the voltage compensation operation of the power supply system of the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the peak cut operation of the power supply system of the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the usage state of the sensor part of the same embodiment. It is a graph showing changes in the ratio of exhaust flow components due to differences in operating conditions of the generator. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the control device of the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing the composition of the control device of the same embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a power supply system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 100 of this embodiment is placed in a consumer facility 300 that has a load 301 supplied with power from a commercial power system 200 and a generator 302 that supplies power to the load 301. . This power supply system 100, together with the generator 302 already installed in the consumer equipment 300, performs voltage compensation operation to compensate for voltage abnormalities in the commercial power system 10, and peak power consumption to suppress the power consumption of the consumer equipment 300 with respect to the commercial power system 200. It performs a cutting operation.

Note that the generator 302 in this specification is one that generates electricity by burning liquid, gas, or solid fuel stored in, for example, a refillable fuel tank. Examples of such a generator 302 include those using a diesel engine as a prime mover, and in this embodiment, the generator 302 constitutes an emergency power generator used in the event of a voltage drop or power outage in the commercial power system 200. be.

<Basic configuration>
Specifically, the power supply system 100 includes, for example, a power storage device 2 such as a storage battery, a bidirectional power conversion device 3 that converts DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and supplies the AC power to a load 301, a generator 302, and It includes a control device 4 that controls the power conversion device 3 to perform voltage compensation operation and peak cut operation.

The basic functions of the control device 4 and the operation of the power supply system 100 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

<Voltage compensation operation: See Figure 2>
When the grid voltage on the commercial power grid 10 side falls below a set value, the operation control unit 41 of the control device 4 starts the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 to AC power and power the load. 301.

Further, the operation control unit 41 starts the generator 302 and supplies AC power from the generator 302 to the load 301 instead of the power storage device 2 when the output voltage of the generator 302 becomes stable. Before this switching, the operation control unit 41 controls the power converter 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power converter 3 with the AC power output from the generator 302.

After switching from the power storage device 2 to the generator 302, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the AC power from the generator 302 into DC power and charge the power storage device 2.

When the grid voltage on the commercial power grid side returns to normal, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and supply it to the load 301. At this time, the generator 302 is in no-load operation.

The operation control unit 41 then controls the power conversion device 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power conversion device 3 with the AC power from the commercial power system 200.

After that, the operation control unit 41 stops the generator 302 and also stops the power conversion device 3. As a result, AC power is supplied to the load 301 from the commercial power system 200.

<Peak cut operation: See Figure 3>
During the peak power demand period, the operation control unit 41 of the control device 4 starts the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the load 301 .

Further, the operation control unit 41 starts the generator 302 and supplies AC power from the generator 302 to the load 301 instead of the power storage device 2 when the output voltage of the generator 302 becomes stable. Before this switching, the operation control unit 41 controls the power converter 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power converter 3 with the AC power output from the generator 302.

After switching from the power storage device 2 to the generator 302, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the AC power from the generator 302 into DC power and charge the power storage device 2.

When peak cut is no longer necessary, such as when the peak cut time period has passed, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the load 301. do. At this time, the generator 302 is in no-load operation.

The operation control unit 41 then controls the power conversion device 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power conversion device 3 with the AC power from the commercial power system 200.

After that, the operation control unit 41 stops the generator 302 and also stops the power conversion device 3. As a result, AC power is supplied to the load 301 from the commercial power system 200.

<Detection of remaining fuel amount of generator 302>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the power supply system 100 of this embodiment includes a sensor unit 5 that measures exhaust information that is information on exhaust gas discharged from a generator, and a sensor unit 5 that measures exhaust information that is information on exhaust gas discharged from a generator, It further includes a remaining fuel amount calculating section 42 that calculates the remaining fuel amount. Note that the function of the remaining fuel amount calculating section 42 here is performed by the control device 4, but it may be performed by a computer or the like that is separate from the control device 4. Further, the control device 4 may further include a function as a device analysis section (not shown) that analyzes the state of the generator 302 using the output voltage of the generator 302 and the output current of the generator 302.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sensor section 5 is a section to which exhaust gas is guided, for example, from an exhaust port X1 of a prime mover X constituting a generator 302 directly or via a piping member or the like.

This sensor unit 5 is used for measuring the temperature of exhaust gas, qualitative analysis of gas components contained in exhaust gas, quantitative analysis of gas component concentration, etc., qualitative analysis of exhaust particle components contained in exhaust gas, and exhaust particle emission amount (mass and It is used for quantitative analysis such as the number of pieces. Note that the sensor section 5 may be one that performs more than one of these various analyses, or a plurality of types of sensor sections 5 may be provided to perform various analyses. Thereby, the sensor unit 5 measures at least one of the exhaust gas temperature, gas component, gas component concentration, exhaust particle component, or exhaust particle emission amount as exhaust information.

The remaining fuel amount calculating section 42 acquires the exhaust gas information measured by the sensor section 5, and calculates the fuel consumption amount, remaining fuel amount, etc. of the generator 302 based on the exhaust information.

Hereinafter, as an example of the remaining fuel amount calculating section 42, one that calculates the fuel consumption amount and fuel material based on the amount of exhaust particles such as benzopyrene (BaP) and nitric oxide (NO) will be described.

The remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 is configured to calculate the fuel consumption amount using, for example, a predetermined calculation formula or lookup table stored in the memory of the control device, and in this embodiment, the following Equation (1) is used. That is, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 of the present embodiment integrates the exhaust particle emission amount Gno over the operating time t of the prime mover, and multiplies the integrated value by a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient S, thereby calculating the fuel consumption amount Qc. is configured to calculate.
Qc=S×∫Gno・dt...(1)

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the component ratio of exhaust particles (for example, BaP and NO) varies depending on the operating state of the generator 302, that is, the operating state of the prime mover X. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the control device 4 is further equipped with a function as a correction section 43 that corrects the above-mentioned operating characteristic coefficient S using parameters related to the generator 302. There is.

As a parameter regarding the generator 302, for example, the operating state of the prime mover X can be mentioned. Specifically, when the operating state of the prime mover An operating state signal (for example, an output voltage or an output current from the generator 302) indicating an operating state is acquired, and the operating characteristic coefficient of equation (1) described above is corrected according to each operating state. The operating characteristic coefficients after correction (hereinafter referred to as S _start , S _{light load} , S _{heavy load} , and S _stop ) are different values from each other. For example, the operating characteristic coefficient S before correction is set to a predetermined value according to each operating state. The correction value is obtained by performing four arithmetic operations.

As a result, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 of the present embodiment calculates the corrected operating characteristic coefficients S _start , S light load, S _{heavy load} , and S _stop , which are corrected according to each of the distinguished operating states as described above. The fuel consumption amount Qc is calculated using the following equation (2). That is, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 integrates the exhaust particle emission amount Gno over the operating time t for each operating state, and adds the corrected operating characteristic coefficients S _start , S _{light load} , S _{heavy load} , S to the integrated value. The fuel consumption amount Qc is calculated by multiplying _{the stop times} and summing them over each operating state.
Qc=S _start × _∫start Gno・dt+S _{light load} ×∫light _load Gno・dt+S _{heavy load} × _{∫heavy load} Gno・dt+S _stop × _∫stop Gno・dt...(2)
Note that the operating states do not necessarily have to be classified into four types, and the operating states may be divided into more or fewer operating states and the operating characteristic coefficients may be corrected according to each operating state.

Then, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 calculates the remaining fuel amount Qe by subtracting the above-mentioned fuel consumption amount Qc from the initial fuel amount Qs using the following equation (3).
Qe=Qs-Qc...(3)

More specific operations of the control device 4 configured in this way will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 6.

First, the control device 4 determines whether or not the power supply system 100 satisfies predetermined operating conditions, that is, whether or not to start the voltage compensation operation or peak cut operation described above (S1).

When predetermined operating conditions are satisfied and the voltage compensation operation or peak cut operation is started, the operation control unit 41 operates the power storage device 2 via the power conversion device 3 to output power to the load 301 (S2 ).

After that, the control device 4 analyzes the state of the generator 302 and determines whether or not the generator 302 is normal (S3). If it is determined that the generator 302 is normal, it starts the generator 302 and stores electricity. Electric power is supplied from the generator 302 to the load 301 instead of the device 2 (S4). Note that whether or not the generator 302 is normal can be determined based on, for example, one or both of the output voltage and output current from the generator 302.

Then, when the generator 302 operates, the exhaust gas from the generator 302 is guided to the sensor section 5, and the sensor section 5 measures one or more of various exhaust information, for example, in real time as described above (S5).

As shown in FIG. 7, the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit 5 is input to the control device 4 through the input interface of the control device 4, together with, for example, the output voltage and output current of the generator. The control device 4 of this embodiment is configured to identify the state of the prime mover X (for example, whether it is normal or abnormal) using one or more of the input output voltage, output current, and exhaust information (S6 ).

Next, based on the exhaust information input from the sensor unit 5, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 calculates the amount of fuel consumption, and calculates the remaining amount of fuel, for example, in real time by subtracting the amount of fuel consumption from the initial amount of fuel. (S7). Note that an example of the method for calculating the fuel consumption amount is as described above, and detailed explanation will be omitted here. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the control device 4 of this embodiment stores the fuel consumption amount and the remaining fuel amount calculated by the remaining fuel amount calculating section 42 in the storage section 44, and performs various functions based on these information. Output the control signal via the output interface.

After calculating the remaining fuel amount, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 compares the remaining fuel amount with a predetermined replenishment reminder value (S8). If the remaining fuel amount falls below the replenishment reminder value, a notification signal indicating this is generated and transmitted to the user terminal 6, such as a mobile terminal or laptop (S9). The user terminal 6 that has acquired the notification signal emits a warning message or a warning sound. This allows the user to know that it is time to replenish the fuel.

After the notification in S9 described above, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 of the present embodiment compares the calculated remaining fuel amount with a warning value that is lower than the replenishment reminder value described above (S10).

If it is determined in S10 that the remaining fuel amount is equal to or greater than the warning value, it is determined whether the commercial power system 200 has returned to a normal state, in other words, whether a predetermined recovery condition is satisfied (S11).

If it is determined in S11 that the commercial power system 200 has not returned to the normal state, the operations from S5 to S11 are repeated while the generator 302 continues to be in operation.

On the other hand, if it is determined in S11 that the commercial power system 200 has returned to the normal state, the control device 4 stops the generator 302 (S12) and stops the power storage device 2 (S13).

Further, in S10, if the remaining fuel amount is less than the warning value, that is, if the remaining fuel amount is below the warning value, it is determined whether the power supply system 100 is performing a peak cut operation ( S14).

If it is determined in S14 that the peak cut operation is being performed, the control device 4 stops the generator 302 (S12) and stops the power storage device 2 (S13).

On the other hand, in S14, if the peak cut operation is not performed, that is, if the voltage compensation operation is performed, the determination in S11, that is, it is determined whether the commercial power system 200 has returned to the normal state.

<Effects of this embodiment>
According to the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment configured in this way, the remaining amount of fuel is calculated based on the exhaust information of the exhaust gas discharged from the generator 302. If retrofitted, it will be possible to calculate the remaining amount of fuel even at night or on rainy days, making it useful in a variety of situations. This makes it possible to constantly manage the remaining amount of fuel in the generator 302, regardless of the model of the generator 302 already installed in the consumer equipment 300, while suppressing an increase in cost.

Furthermore, since the sensor unit 5 measures exhaust information in real time, the remaining fuel amount can be calculated in real time, and by recording the information such as the remaining fuel amount obtained by this, for example, in a digital form, it can be used for various purposes. It can be adapted to the field and reduce costs. Moreover, by digitizing and recording in this way, for example, if the operating status of the generator 302 is also recorded, the information at the time of the event can be analyzed after the fact, and the cause of the event can be investigated. be able to.

In addition, the control device 4 or the user terminal 6 creates an operation/inspection plan for the generator 302 based on, for example, time series data of the remaining fuel amount calculated by the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42, and proposes it to the user. You may do so. This can improve stability and uptime. Specifically, by performing smooth inspections according to the condition of the generator 302, failures of the generator 302 can be prevented and reliability can be improved.

Further, since the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 calculates the remaining fuel amount using the operating characteristic coefficient, the user can know the remaining fuel amount more accurately. As a result, it is possible to prevent running out of fuel by, for example, refueling at an appropriate timing depending on the remaining amount of fuel, or to adjust the power consumption at the load of the consumer equipment 300 when the fuel supply is delayed. By doing so, the operating time of the generator 302 can be extended.

In addition, since the correction unit 43 corrects the operating characteristic coefficient according to, for example, the operating state of the prime mover As a result, the remaining amount of fuel can be calculated more accurately.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

For example, the correction unit 43 may correct the operating characteristic coefficient S based on the type of generator 302 and/or the type of fuel.
Furthermore, the correction unit 43 may correct the operating characteristic coefficient S based on parameters related to the surrounding environment that are different from parameters related to the generator. Such ambient environment parameters include temperature, season, air condition, and the like.

Further, in the embodiment described above, the correction unit 43 corrects the operating characteristic coefficient, but for example, a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient according to the operating state of the generator 302, the type of the generator 302, the type of fuel, etc. is stored in the memory. It may be stored in advance.
In this way, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 receives a signal indicating the operating state of the generator 302, the type of generator, or the type of fuel, acquires the corresponding operating characteristic coefficient from the memory, and The fuel consumption amount and remaining fuel amount may be calculated using the operating characteristic coefficient. In this case, the function of the correction section 43 that corrects the operating characteristic coefficient can be made unnecessary.

Furthermore, although the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 of the embodiment was configured to calculate the fuel consumption amount and the remaining fuel amount based on the amount of exhaust particle emissions, the temperature of the exhaust gas, the gas component, the gas component concentration Alternatively, the fuel consumption amount or remaining fuel amount may be calculated based on one or more exhaust particle components.

The exhaust gas guided to the sensor section 5 may be led in a diluted state, for example, with a diluent gas such as air.

Further, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 corrects the calculated fuel consumption amount and fuel remaining amount based on, for example, the position of the sensor unit 5, specifically, the relative position of the prime mover X with respect to the exhaust port X1. It may be configured as follows.
Further, the remaining fuel amount calculation unit 42 is configured to correct the calculated fuel consumption amount and remaining fuel amount based on the output voltage and output current of the generator, or the operating time and life of the generator. You can leave it there.

In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit thereof.

100... Power supply system 200... Commercial power system 300... Consumer equipment 301... Load 302... Generator X... Prime mover X1... Exhaust port 2... Power storage device 3. ...Power conversion device 4 ...Control device 41 ...Operation control section 42 ...Fuel remaining amount calculation section 43 ...Correction section 5 ...Sensor section

Claims (3)

A power supply system placed in consumer equipment equipped with a generator connected to a load supplied with power from a commercial power system,
a sensor unit that measures exhaust information that is information on exhaust gas discharged from the generator;
a fuel remaining amount calculation section that calculates a fuel consumption amount of the generator based on the exhaust information measured by the sensor section, and calculates a remaining fuel amount by subtracting the fuel consumption amount from an initial amount of fuel; Equipped with
The remaining fuel amount calculation unit integrates at least one of the exhaust gas temperature, gas component concentration, or exhaust particle emission amount from among the exhaust information during the operating time of the generator, and adds an operating characteristic coefficient to the integrated value. The fuel consumption amount is calculated by multiplying by
The power supply system , wherein the operating characteristic coefficient corresponds to the type of fuel, the type of generator, or the operating state of the generator . The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor section measures at least one of the temperature of the exhaust gas, gas components, gas component concentration, exhaust particle components, or exhaust particle emissions as the exhaust information. The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a correction unit that corrects the operating characteristic coefficient according to the type of fuel, the type of generator, or the operating state of the generator.