JP2021141751A - Electrical power system - Google Patents

Abstract

To constantly manage the remaining fuel amount of a generator regardless of the model of the generator already installed in consumer equipment while suppressing the increase in cost.SOLUTION: An electrical power system 100 located in consumer equipment 300 with a generator 302 connected to a load 301 powered from a commercial power system 200 includes a sensor unit 5 that measures exhaust information which is information on exhaust gas emitted from the generator, and a fuel level calculation unit 42 that calculates the fuel level of the generator on the basis of the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system capable of stably supplying electric power in response to a momentary low, a power outage, or a peak of electric power supply.

As a power supply system of this type, there is a system configured to supply power from a generator to a load when a momentary low, a power outage, or a peak of power supply occurs. In order to manage the remaining amount of fuel in the above, the amount of fuel consumed is calculated based on the operating time of the generator, and the remaining amount of fuel is estimated.

However, with the above configuration, it is difficult to remotely manage the fuel, and in order to manage the fuel of the existing generator in the consumer equipment, it is matched to the model of the existing generator. Various interfaces are required, which increases the manufacturing cost.

Therefore, Patent Document 2 describes a method in which a fuel meter of a generator is imaged with a camera and fuel consumption is calculated from the image obtained by taking an image of the fuel meter of the generator in order to eliminate the need for an interface suitable for the model of the generator. ing.

However, for example, in unmanned operation during peak cut operation, if it is attempted to constantly manage the remaining fuel amount in order to avoid running out of fuel, in the configuration using the above-mentioned camera, for example, at night or in rainy weather, the fuel meter is illuminated. Lighting is required, which ultimately leads to increased costs.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-11874 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-187026

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems at once, and regardless of the model of the generator already installed in the consumer equipment, the remaining fuel amount of the generator can be reduced while suppressing the increase in cost. Its main task is to be able to manage it at all times.

That is, the power supply system according to the present invention is a power supply system arranged in a consumer facility equipped with a generator connected to a load supplied from a commercial power system, and is based on information on exhaust gas emitted from the generator. It is characterized by including a sensor unit that measures certain exhaust information and a fuel remaining amount calculation unit that calculates the fuel remaining amount of the generator based on the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit. ..

With such a power supply system, the remaining amount of fuel is calculated based on the exhaust information of the exhaust gas emitted from the generator, so if the sensor unit is retrofitted to the existing generator, the fuel will be used even at night or in the rain. The remaining amount can be calculated. As a result, regardless of the model of the generator already installed in the consumer equipment, the remaining fuel amount of the generator can be constantly managed while suppressing the increase in cost.

As a specific embodiment for calculating the remaining fuel amount, the sensor unit obtains at least one of the exhaust gas temperature, gas component, gas component concentration, exhaust particle component, and exhaust particle emission amount as the exhaust information. Can be mentioned as.

The fuel remaining amount calculation unit includes an embodiment in which the fuel remaining amount is calculated by calculating the fuel consumption amount of the generator based on the exhaust information and subtracting the fuel consumption amount from the initial fuel amount. be able to.
In this case, the user can know the remaining fuel amount more accurately. As a result, for example, it is possible to prevent fuel shortage by refueling at an appropriate timing according to the remaining fuel amount, or when the fuel supply is delayed, the power consumption in the load of the consumer equipment can be adjusted. Depending on the method, the operating time of the generator can be extended.

An example may be mentioned in which the fuel remaining amount calculation unit integrates the exhaust information during the operating time of the generator and multiplies the integrated value by a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient to calculate the fuel consumption.
In these cases, for example, by using an operating characteristic coefficient determined according to the type of existing generator, fuel, etc., it is possible to flexibly deal with various generators.

In order to calculate accurately from the fuel consumption amount and the remaining amount of fuel, a correction unit for correcting the operating characteristic coefficient according to the type of fuel, the type of the generator, or the operating state of the generator is further provided. Is preferable.
With such a configuration, the fuel consumption amount and the remaining amount of fuel can be calculated in consideration of the difference in the type of fuel, the type of generator, or the operating state of the generator, and the calculation accuracy can be improved.

According to the present invention configured in this way, regardless of the model of the generator already installed in the consumer equipment, the remaining fuel amount of the generator can be constantly managed while suppressing the increase in cost.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the power supply system of this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the voltage compensation operation of the power supply system of the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the peak cut operation of the power supply system of the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the use state of the sensor part of the same embodiment. It is a graph which shows the change of the ratio of the exhaust gas component by the difference of the operating state of a generator. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the control device of the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the control device of the same embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the power supply system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment is arranged in the consumer equipment 300 having a load 301 supplied from the commercial power system 200 and a generator 302 supplying power to the load 301. .. Then, the power supply system 100 has a voltage compensation operation for compensating for a voltage abnormality in the commercial power system 10 together with the existing generator 302 in the consumer equipment 300, and a peak for suppressing the power consumption of the consumer equipment 300 with respect to the commercial power system 200. It performs a cutting operation.

The generator 302 in the present specification is used to generate electricity by burning liquid, gas, or solid fuel contained in, for example, a replenishable fuel tank. Examples of the generator 302 include those using a diesel engine as a prime mover. In this embodiment, an emergency power generator used in the event of a momentary voltage drop or a power failure of the commercial power system 200 is configured. be.

<Basic configuration>
Specifically, the power supply system 100 includes, for example, a power storage device 2 such as a storage battery, a bidirectional power conversion device 3 that converts the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and supplies it to the load 301, a generator 302, and the generator 302. It is provided with a control device 4 that controls the power conversion device 3 to perform a voltage compensation operation and a peak cut operation.

The operation of the power supply system 100 together with the basic functions of the control device 4 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

<Voltage compensation operation: see Fig. 2>
When the system voltage on the commercial power system 10 side becomes equal to or less than the set value, the operation control unit 41 of the control device 4 activates the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and load it. Supply to 301.

Further, the operation control unit 41 activates the generator 302, and when the output voltage of the generator 302 stabilizes, supplies AC power from the generator 302 to the load 301 instead of the power storage device 2. Before this switching, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power conversion device 3 with the AC power output from the generator 302.

After switching from the power storage device 2 to the generator 302, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the AC power from the generator 302 into DC power and charge the power storage device 2.

When the system voltage on the commercial power system side returns to normal, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and supply it to the load 301. At this time, the generator 302 is in no-load operation.

Then, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power conversion device 3 with the AC power from the commercial power system 200.

After that, the operation control unit 41 stops the generator 302 and the power conversion device 3. As a result, AC power is supplied to the load 301 from the commercial power system 200.

<Peak cut operation: see Fig. 3>
During peak hours of power demand, the operation control unit 41 of the control device 4 activates the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and supply it to the load 301.

Further, the operation control unit 41 activates the generator 302, and when the output voltage of the generator 302 stabilizes, supplies AC power from the generator 302 to the load 301 instead of the power storage device 2. Before this switching, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power conversion device 3 with the AC power output from the generator 302.

After switching from the power storage device 2 to the generator 302, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the AC power from the generator 302 into DC power and charge the power storage device 2.

When the peak cut becomes unnecessary, such as when the peak cut time zone has passed, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to convert the DC power of the power storage device 2 into AC power and supplies it to the load 301. do. At this time, the generator 302 is in no-load operation.

Then, the operation control unit 41 controls the power conversion device 3 to synchronize the AC power output from the power conversion device 3 with the AC power from the commercial power system 200.

After that, the operation control unit 41 stops the generator 302 and the power conversion device 3. As a result, AC power is supplied to the load 301 from the commercial power system 200.

<Fuel level detection of generator 302>
Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment includes a sensor unit 5 that measures exhaust information, which is information on exhaust gas discharged from the generator, and a generator based on the exhaust gas information. It is further provided with a fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 for calculating the fuel remaining amount of the above. The fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 here is exerted by the control device 4, but may be exerted by a computer or the like different from the control device 4. Further, the control device 4 may further have a function as a device analysis unit (not shown) that analyzes the state of the generator 302 by using the output voltage of the generator 302 and the output current of the generator 302.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sensor unit 5 guides exhaust gas directly from, for example, the exhaust port X1 of the prime mover X constituting the generator 302, or via a piping member or the like.

The sensor unit 5 measures the temperature of the exhaust gas, qualitative analysis of the gas component contained in the exhaust gas, quantitative analysis of the concentration of the gas component, etc., qualitative analysis of the exhaust particle component contained in the exhaust gas, and exhaust particle emission amount (mass and mass). Quantitative analysis such as (number) is performed. As the sensor unit 5, a sensor unit 5 that performs a plurality of these various analyzes may be used, or a plurality of types of sensor units 5 may be provided to perform various analyzes. As a result, the sensor unit 5 measures at least one of the exhaust gas temperature, gas component, gas component concentration, exhaust particle component, and exhaust particle emission amount as exhaust information.

The fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 acquires the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit 5, and calculates the fuel consumption amount, the fuel remaining amount, and the like of the generator 302 based on the exhaust information.

Hereinafter, as an example of the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42, a fuel consumption amount and a fuel material for calculating the fuel consumption amount and the fuel material based on the emission amount of exhaust particles such as benzopyrene (BaP) and nitric oxide (NO) will be described.

The fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 is configured to calculate the fuel consumption amount or the like by using, for example, a predetermined calculation formula or a look-up table stored in the memory of the control device. In this embodiment, the fuel consumption amount is calculated as follows. Equation (1) is used. That is, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 of the present embodiment integrates the emission amount Gno of the exhaust particles with the operating time t of the prime mover, and multiplies the integrated value by a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient S to obtain the fuel consumption Qc. Is configured to calculate.
Qc = S × ∫Gno ・ dt ・ ・ ・ (1)

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the component ratio of the exhaust particles (for example, BaP and NO) fluctuates according to the operating state of the generator 302, that is, the operating state of the prime mover X. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the control device 4 is further provided with a function as a correction unit 43 for correcting the above-mentioned operating characteristic coefficient S by using the parameters related to the generator 302. There is.

Examples of the parameters related to the generator 302 include the operating state of the prime mover X. Specifically, when the operating state of the prime mover X is divided into four operating states of "start", "light load operation", "heavy load operation", and "stop", the correction unit 43 of the prime mover X An operating state signal (for example, an output voltage or an output current from the generator 302) indicating an operating state is acquired, and the operating characteristic coefficient of the above equation (1) is corrected according to each operating state. The corrected operating characteristic coefficients (hereinafter referred to as S _start , S _{light load} , S _{heavy load} , and S _stop ) are different values from each other. For example, the operating characteristic coefficient S before correction is set according to each operating state. The correction value of is obtained by performing four arithmetic operations.

As a result, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 of the present embodiment has the corrected operating characteristic coefficients S _start , S _{light load} , S _{heavy load} , and S _{stop corrected according to each of the operating states distinguished as described above.} Is used to calculate the fuel consumption Qc by the following formula (2). That is, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 integrates the exhaust particle emission amount Gno for each operating state with the operating time t, and the integrated operating characteristic coefficient S _activation , S _{light load} , S _{heavy load} , S _The fuel consumption Qc is calculated by multiplying the stops and adding them over each operating state.
Qc = S _start × ∫ _start Gno ・ dt + S _{light load} × ∫ _{light load} Gno ・ dt + S _{heavy load} × ∫ _{heavy load} Gno ・ dt + S _stop × ∫ _stop Gno ・ dt ・ ・ ・ (2)
It should be noted that the operating states do not necessarily have to be distinguished into four, and the operating characteristic coefficient may be corrected according to each operating state by distinguishing between more or less operating states.

Then, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 calculates the fuel remaining amount Qe by subtracting the above-mentioned fuel consumption amount Qc from the fuel initial amount Qs using the following formula (3).
Qe = Qs-Qc ... (3)

A more specific operation of the control device 4 configured in this way will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the control device 4 determines whether or not the main power supply system 100 satisfies a predetermined operating condition, that is, whether or not the voltage compensation operation or peak cut operation described above is started (S1).

When the predetermined operating conditions are satisfied and the voltage compensation operation or the peak cut operation is started, the operation control unit 41 operates the power storage device 2 via the power conversion device 3 and outputs the power to the load 301 (S2). ).

After that, the control device 4 analyzes the state of the generator 302 to determine whether or not the generator 302 is normal (S3), and if it is determined to be normal, activates the generator 302 to store electricity. Electric power is supplied to the load 301 from the generator 302 instead of the device 2 (S4). As a determination of whether or not the generator 302 is normal, for example, a mode of determining based on one or both of the output voltage and the output current from the generator 302 can be mentioned.

Then, when the generator 302 operates, the exhaust gas from the generator 302 is guided to the sensor unit 5, and the sensor unit 5 measures one or more of various exhaust information in real time, for example, as described above (S5).

As shown in FIG. 7, the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit 5 is input to the control device 4 via the input interface of the control device 4, for example, together with the output voltage and output current of the generator. The control device 4 of this embodiment is designed to identify the state of the prime mover X (for example, normal or abnormal) by using one or more of the input output voltage, output current, and exhaust information (S6). ).

Next, based on the exhaust information input from the sensor unit 5, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 calculates the fuel consumption amount and subtracts the fuel consumption amount from the initial amount of fuel to calculate the fuel remaining amount, for example, in real time. (S7). An example of the method for calculating the fuel consumption is as described above, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the control device 4 of this embodiment stores the fuel consumption amount and the fuel remaining amount calculated by the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 in the storage unit 44, and various types based on the information. The control signal is output via the output interface.

After calculating the remaining fuel amount, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 compares the remaining amount of fuel with the predetermined replenishment arousal value (S8). Then, when the remaining fuel amount falls below the replenishment arousal value, a notification signal indicating that is generated and transmitted to a user terminal 6 such as a mobile terminal or a laptop (S9). The user terminal 6 that has acquired the notification signal emits a warning message or a warning sound. This allows the user to know when it is time to refuel.

The fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 of the present embodiment compares the calculated fuel remaining amount with the warning value of an amount lower than the replenishment arousal value described above after the notification in S9 described above (S10).

When it is determined in S10 that the remaining fuel amount is equal to or higher than the warning value, it is determined whether or not the commercial power system 200 has returned to the normal state, in other words, whether or not a predetermined recovery condition is satisfied (S11).

If it is determined in S11 that the commercial power system 200 has not returned to the normal state, the operations from S5 to S11 are repeated while maintaining the operating state of the generator 302.

On the other hand, when it is determined in S11 that the commercial power system 200 has returned to the normal state, the control device 4 stops the generator 302 (S12) and stops the power storage device 2 (S13).

Further, in S10, when the remaining fuel amount does not exceed the warning value, that is, when the remaining fuel amount is lower than the warning value, it is determined whether or not the main power supply system 100 is performing the peak cut operation ( S14).

When it is determined in S14 that the peak cut operation is being performed, the control device 4 stops the generator 302 (S12) and stops the power storage device 2 (S13).

On the other hand, in S14, when the peak cut operation is not performed, that is, when the voltage compensation operation is performed, the determination in S11, that is, whether or not the commercial power system 200 has returned to the normal state is determined.

<Effect of this embodiment>
According to the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment configured in this way, the remaining fuel amount is calculated based on the exhaust gas information of the exhaust gas discharged from the generator 302. Therefore, for example, even the sensor unit 5 is installed in the existing generator 302. If it is retrofitted, the remaining fuel amount can be calculated even at night or in the rain, which will contribute to various sites. As a result, regardless of the model of the generator 302 already installed in the consumer equipment 300, the remaining fuel amount of the generator 302 can be constantly managed while suppressing the increase in cost.

Further, since the sensor unit 5 measures the exhaust gas information in real time, the remaining fuel amount can be calculated in real time, and the information such as the remaining amount of fuel obtained by this can be digitized and recorded in various ways. It can be adapted to the site and the cost can be reduced. Moreover, by digitizing and recording in this way, for example, if the operating state of the generator 302 is also recorded, the information at the time of the event occurrence can be post-analyzed, and the cause of the event occurrence can be investigated. be able to.

In addition, the control device 4 or the user terminal 6 creates an operation / inspection plan for the generator 302 based on, for example, time-series data of the remaining fuel amount calculated by the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42, and proposes it to the user. You may. This can improve stability and uptime. Specifically, by performing a smooth inspection according to the state of the generator 302, failure of the generator 302 can be prevented and reliability can be improved.

Further, since the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 calculates the fuel remaining amount using the operating characteristic coefficient, the user can know the fuel remaining amount more accurately. As a result, for example, it is possible to prevent fuel shortage by refueling at an appropriate timing according to the remaining fuel amount, or when the fuel supply is delayed, the power consumption in the load of the consumer equipment 300 is adjusted. As a result, the operating time of the generator 302 can be lengthened.

In addition, since the correction unit 43 corrects the operating characteristic coefficient according to, for example, the operating state of the prime mover X, the fuel consumption can be calculated in consideration of, for example, the component ratio of the exhaust particles due to the difference in the operating state. As a result, the remaining fuel amount can be calculated more accurately.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

For example, the correction unit 43 may correct the operating characteristic coefficient S based on the type of the generator 302 and / or the type of fuel.
Further, the correction unit 43 may correct the operation characteristic coefficient S based on a parameter related to the surrounding environment different from the parameter related to the generator. Examples of such ambient environment parameters include temperature, season, and air condition.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the correction unit 43 corrects the operating characteristic coefficient, but for example, a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient according to the operating state of the generator 302, the type of the generator 302, the type of fuel, or the like is stored in the memory. You may memorize it in advance.
In this way, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 receives a signal indicating the operating state of the generator 302, the type of the generator, or the type of fuel, acquires the corresponding operating characteristic coefficient from the memory, and obtains the corresponding operating characteristic coefficient from the memory. The fuel consumption amount and the remaining amount of fuel may be calculated using the operating characteristic coefficient. In this case, the function as the correction unit 43 for correcting the operating characteristic coefficient can be eliminated.

Further, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 of the above embodiment is configured to calculate the fuel consumption amount and the fuel remaining amount based on the emission amount of the exhaust particles, but the temperature of the exhaust gas, the gas component, and the gas component concentration. , Or the fuel consumption amount and the remaining amount of fuel may be calculated based on one or more of the exhaust particle components.

The exhaust gas guided to the sensor unit 5 may be guided in a state of being diluted with a diluting gas such as air.

Further, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 corrects the calculated fuel consumption amount and the fuel remaining amount based on, for example, the position of the sensor unit 5, specifically, the position relative to the exhaust port X1 of the prime mover X. It may be configured as follows.
Further, the fuel remaining amount calculation unit 42 is configured to correct the calculated fuel consumption amount and fuel remaining amount based on the output voltage and output current of the generator, the operating time and life of the generator, and the like. You may be.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

100 ... Power supply system 200 ... Commercial power system 300 ... Consumer equipment 301 ... Load 302 ... Generator X ... Motor X1 ... Exhaust port 2 ... Power storage device 3 ...・ ・ Power conversion device 4 ・ ・ ・ Control device 41 ・ ・ ・ Operation control unit 42 ・ ・ ・ Fuel remaining amount calculation unit 43 ・ ・ ・ Correction unit 5 ・ ・ ・ Sensor unit

Claims (5)

A power supply system installed in consumer equipment equipped with a generator connected to a load supplied from a commercial power system.
A sensor unit that measures exhaust information, which is information on exhaust gas emitted from the generator, and
A power supply system including a fuel remaining amount calculation unit for calculating the fuel remaining amount of the generator based on the exhaust information measured by the sensor unit. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor unit measures at least one of the temperature, gas component, gas component concentration, exhaust particle component, and exhaust particle emission amount of the exhaust gas as the exhaust information. The fuel remaining amount calculation unit calculates the fuel consumption amount of the generator based on the exhaust information, and subtracts the fuel consumption amount from the initial fuel amount to calculate the fuel remaining amount. Or the power supply system according to 2. The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the fuel remaining amount calculation unit integrates the exhaust information in the operating time of the generator, and multiplies the integrated value by a predetermined operating characteristic coefficient to calculate the fuel consumption amount. The power supply system according to claim 4, further comprising a correction unit that corrects the operating characteristic coefficient according to the type of fuel, the type of generator, or the operating state of the generator.

Images