JP7425277B2 - Selective plant growth regulator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to selective plant growth regulators. Specifically, the present invention relates to a selective plant growth regulator containing pelargonic acid sodium salt as an active ingredient.

In recent years, the need for herbicides derived from natural products has increased as users become more safety conscious.
As a proposal to meet this need, we propose plant growth regulation that utilizes the effect that chemical substances released from plants have an inhibitory or promoting effect on other plants, promoting/inhibiting plant growth (allelopathy effect). There are agents (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, it has not yet become widely available due to the difficulty in obtaining the active ingredients.
Furthermore, it is known that fatty acids, which are natural products that also exist in animals and plants, are compounds with herbicidal activity, and there is a track record that drugs containing pelargonic acid as an active ingredient have been sold as agricultural chemicals. It is known that these fatty acids not only have herbicidal activity on the foliage on the surface of the earth, but also have a germination inhibitory effect on seeds existing underground.In order to improve this seed germination inhibitory effect, pelargonic acid and There has also been a proposal to use it in combination with essential oils (Patent Document 3).
Herbicides containing fatty acids and other active ingredients affect not only the foliage on the ground surface, but also the seeds contained in the soil to which they are applied, and the seeds of cultivated plants sown after application, so the applied soil will remain intact for some time. Difficult to use for cultivation.
Under these circumstances, there is a need for the development of new agents derived from natural ingredients that can selectively control herbicidal activity by changing the weeding effect on the foliage on the surface of the ground and on seeds and tubers existing underground. Ta.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-089400 JP2009-274970A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-193568

The present invention provides a new chemical derived from natural ingredients that maintains herbicidal activity on the foliage and foliage on the ground surface and does not affect the seeds contained in the applied soil or the seeds of cultivated plants sown after application. It is an object.

As a result of extensive research in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that pelargonic acid sodium salt exhibits a selective growth regulating effect on plant stems and leaves on the surface of the earth and on seeds existing underground. This discovery led to the completion of the present invention.

In detail, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
1. A selective plant growth regulator comprising pelargonic acid sodium salt.
2. Furthermore, 1. characterized by containing a fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The selective plant growth regulator described in .
3. Further, 1. characterized by containing a fatty acid ammonium salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The selective plant growth regulator described in .
4. A method for selectively regulating plant growth, characterized by using pelargonic acid sodium salt.

According to the present invention, pelargonic acid sodium salt exhibits a selective growth-regulating effect on plant foliage parts on the surface of the earth and seeds existing underground. For example, when used in combination with a compound having herbicidal activity, the effect of the compound on seeds existing underground can be reduced while maintaining the herbicidal effect on the foliage of weeds.
Due to the selective plant growth regulating action of this sodium pelargonic acid salt, it is possible to weed the stems and leaves of weeds while suppressing the effect on seeds existing in the ground and seeds of sown cultivated plants, so it is possible to weed the foliage of weeds in flower beds etc. Very useful for soil utilization.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.
<About pelargonic acid sodium salt>
Pelargonic acid is a saturated fatty acid consisting of 9 carbon atoms, and is known as a compound having safe and fast-acting herbicidal activity, and is a compound that was registered as a pesticide as a herbicide in 1996 in Japan. In the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention, pelargonic acid sodium salt itself may be added to the formulation, but pelargonic acid and a base that forms a sodium salt such as sodium hydroxide may be added at the time of preparation of the formulation. A salt may be formed therein.
The selective plant growth regulating action in the present invention refers to the selective growth regulating action that sodium pelargonic acid has on plant stems and leaves on the surface of the earth and on seeds existing underground. Pelargonic acid sodium salt is a fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, which exhibits herbicidal activity on plant foliage on the surface of the earth and also has a germination inhibitory effect on seeds existing underground. When present, the herbicidal activity is maintained while the germination inhibitory effect is greatly reduced. Selective adjustment of these two different actions is referred to as selective plant growth regulating action in the present invention.

<About fatty acid salts having 2 to 10 carbon atoms>
The fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the present invention include saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. Among these, saturated fatty acids are preferred, and specific examples include acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, and capric acid. Among these, acetic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, and capric acid are preferred.
Examples of these fatty acid salts include sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, ethanolamine salts, triethanolamine salts, and ammonium salts. However, the fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms used in combination with pelargonic acid sodium salt does not include pelargonic acid sodium salt. Among these fatty acid salts, fatty acid ammonium salts are preferred in combination with pelargonic acid sodium salt.

At the time of application, the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention preferably contains pelargonic acid sodium salt in an amount of 0.1% to 20% by weight of the entire selective plant growth regulator, and particularly 0.1% by weight or less and 20% by weight or less of the entire selective plant growth regulator. The content is more preferably 18% by weight or more, and even more preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less.
Furthermore, when a fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is used together, the weight ratio of sodium pelargonic acid salt to the fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms should be 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The weight ratio of the base to be blended with the 10 fatty acids is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:100, more preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:50.

The selective plant growth regulator of the present invention contains sodium pelargonate as an essential component and can be used as various preparations.
Examples of formulations include oils, emulsions, wettable powders, flowables (suspensions in water, emulsions in water, etc.), microcapsules, powders, granules, tablets, liquids, sprays, aerosols, etc. It will be done. Among these, atomizing preparations such as sprays and aerosols, and dispersing agents prepared by filling a container with a watering can head are suitable as the preparation of the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention.
One manufacturing example of the above-mentioned formulation includes a sodium salt of pelargonic acid and optionally a fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, which is dissolved in a solvent using a surfactant if necessary. An example of a method is to prepare a solution (liquid A), mix this liquid A with an appropriate amount of water, and stir it to form a preparation, thereby producing a selective plant growth regulator that does not require dilution during use.
As the water, tap water, ion exchange water, distilled water, filtered water, sterilized water, underground water, etc. can be used.

Liquid carriers used in formulations include, for example, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ethers (diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl myristate, ethyl lactate, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), aromatic or fatty acids Group hydrocarbons (xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalene, phenylxylylethane, kerosene, light oil, hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (chlorobenzene, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, etc.), nitriles (acetonitrile, isobutylene, etc.) lonitrile, etc.), sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), heterocyclic solvents (sulfolane, γ-butyrolactone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone), acid amides (N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, etc.), alkylidene carbonates (propylene carbonate, etc.), vegetable oils (soybean oil, cottonseed oil, etc.), plants Examples include essential oils (orange oil, hyssop oil, lemon oil, etc.) and water.

Surfactants used during formulation include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. Examples of nonionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene allyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene allyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styrylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl Ether formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer alkyl phenyl ether, glycerin fatty ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester (e.g. sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan laurate), polyoxy Examples include ethylene fatty acid ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol fatty acid ether. Examples of anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether sulfates, or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymers. Sodium, calcium or ammonium salts of sulfuric acid; alkyl sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, etc.), mono- or di-alkylnaphthalene sulfonic acids, formaldehyde condensation of naphthalenesulfonic acids sodium, calcium, ammonium or alkanolamine salts of lignin sulfonic acid, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfonic acid or polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfosuccinate; polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene, mono- Alternatively, salts such as sodium or calcium salts of di-alkyl phenyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether phosphate, and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer phosphate can be mentioned. Examples of the cationic surfactant include quaternary ammonium salts, alkylamine salts, alkylpyridinium salts, and alkyl oxides. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include alkyl betaines and amine oxides.

Examples of propellants used during formulation include butane gas, chlorofluorocarbon gas, alternative fluorocarbons (HFO, HFC, etc.), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen gas.
Examples of solid carriers include clays (kaolin, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, clay, acid clay, zeolite, etc.), synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, talc, ceramics, and other inorganic minerals (sericite, quartz, sulfur, activated carbon, carbonate, etc.). calcium, calcium silicate, hydrated silica, etc.), porous bodies, etc.

When preparing the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention, antifoaming agents, preservatives, antioxidants, thickeners, and the like can be added as necessary.
Examples of antifoaming agents include silicone antifoaming agents and fluorine antifoaming agents.
Examples of preservatives include organic nitrogen sulfur compounds, organic bromine compounds, isothiazoline compounds, benzyl alcohol mono(poly)hemiformal, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl- Examples include 4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, potassium sorbate, and sodium dehydroacetate.
Examples of antioxidants include tetrakis[methylene-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]methane, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and gallic acid. Examples include propyl acid, vitamin E, mixed tocopherols, α-tocopherol, ethoxyquin, and ascorbic acid.
Examples of thickeners include polyvinylpyrrolidone, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, carboxyvinyl polymer, and the like.

The selective plant growth regulator of the present invention is preferably prepared, for example, as a total amount of sodium pelargonate and optionally a fatty acid salt selected from fatty acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms per 1 square meter of a place to be weeded. It may be applied in an amount of 0.05 to 40 g, more preferably 0.05 to 36 g, and the timing of application may be appropriately selected depending on the weed growth situation. In particular, the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention is preferably sprayed directly onto the foliage of weeds. Even if the spray is also sprayed on the soil surface when it is sprayed on the foliage of weeds, its selective plant growth regulating action reduces the impact on seeds existing underground. Moreover, due to this selective plant growth regulating effect, even if seeds of cultivated plants are sown after being sprayed, there is little or no effect on the growth of the seeds, so the soil can be used immediately after being sprayed.
The selective plant growth regulator of the present invention can be used whenever weeds are a concern when using soil such as flower beds, and the herbicidal effect on the ground surface can be maintained for about two weeks.
The details of the mechanism by which this selective plant growth effect is expressed are unknown, but the interaction between the sodium pelargonic acid salt and the fatty acid salt at the site of action in the underground parts of seeds etc. It is presumed that this results in a difference in selective action among the molecules.

In addition, depending on the purpose, for example, a bactericide, a fungicide, an insecticide, acaricide, a repellent, a perfume, etc. may be used in combination. For example, fungicides such as bitertanol, bromoconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, hexaconazole, imazalil, myclobutanil, cimeconazole, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, penthiopyrad, mancozeb; benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, glucon Antifungal agents such as chlorhexidine acid, hinokitiol, phenoxyethanol, isopropyl methylphenol; pyrethrum extract, natural pyrethrin, prarethrin, imiprothrin, phthalthrin, allethrin, bifenthrin, resmethrin, phenothrin, cyphenothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, etofenprox, cyfluthrin, deltamethrin , pyrethroid compounds such as bifenthrin, fenvalerate, fenpropathrin, empentrin, silafluofen, transfluthrin, metofluthrin, profluthrin, carbamate compounds such as carbaryl, propoxur, methomyl, thiodicarb, oxadiazole compounds such as methoxadiazone, fipronil phenylpyrazole compounds such as, sulfonamide compounds such as amidoflumet, neonicotinoid compounds such as dinotefuran and imidacloprid, pyrrole compounds such as chlorfenapyr, fenitrothion, diazinon, marathon, pyridafenthion, prothiophos, phoxim, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, etc. Insecticides and acaricides such as organophosphorus compounds; DEET, di-n-butyl succinate, hydroxyanisole, rotenone, ethyl-butylacetylaminopropionate, icaridin (picaridin), 3-(N-n-butyl- One or more types of repellents such as N-acetyl)aminopropionic acid ethyl ester (IR3535) can be used. As the fragrance, one type or a combination of two or more types can be used, appropriately selected from the group consisting of natural fragrances, synthetic fragrances, etc., depending on the purpose.

The selective plant growth regulator of the present invention is applied to weeds that grow around home gardens, flower beds, etc. and are recognized as plants that harm cultivated crops. Suitable examples of these weeds include a wide range of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds and grass weeds.
Typical weeds to be weeded by the present invention are illustrated below, but the weeds are not limited thereto.
Broad-leaved weeds include, for example, morning glory, velvet leaf, bindweed, white clover, dandelion, aspergillus violet, Japanese violet, Japanese meadowfish, Thrush albacore, Japanese goldenrod, Urethina japonica, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese oxalis, plantain, Japanese knotweed, Japanese oxalis, Kanamigura, Kayasurigusa, Kayasuri, Gishigishi, Konishikisou, Jishibari, Shirosa, Sukashita Gobou, Sukashita, Sugina, Saberchyu, Sayoyuthiyu, Bamboo Kusa, Dokudami, Dokudami, Nogeshi, Norogiku, Hakogusa, Hakogusa, Halgion, Halgion , Himejoon, Himem Kashiyomi, Examples include ragweed, hotokenoza, yaemugura, mugwort, and warunasubi.
Examples of weeds of the Poaceae family include grass grass, foxtail grass, golden grass, purple grass, Japanese grasshopper, Japanese grasshopper, Japanese grasshopper, Japanese grass grass, Japanese grass grass, Japanese grass grass, Orchard grass, Miscanthus grass, Japanese grass grass, Japanese grass grass, Japanese grass grass, Japanese grass grass, Japanese grass grass, and grass grass.
Examples of places where the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention can be applied or used include home gardens, flower beds, etc., but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be used as appropriate depending on the purpose.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to formulation examples, test examples, etc., but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
First, examples of test specimens of the selective plant growth regulator of the present invention and the germination inhibitory effect will be explained. In the examples, parts mean parts by weight unless otherwise specified.

<Germination suppression effect confirmation test>
(1) Test specimen example 1
Using 2.5 parts by weight of pelargonic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 0.178 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 1.1 parts by weight of 25% aqueous ammonia, and purified water, the total amount was 100 parts by weight. A selective plant growth regulator was prepared as follows.
In Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, selective plant growth regulators were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the formulations shown in Table 1 below, and respective test specimens were obtained.

(2) Test method for confirming germination inhibitory effect A solution was prepared by diluting the above test specimen 20 times with purified water, and used as test specimen a.
A filter paper (diameter: 70 mm) was placed on a Petri dish (diameter: 90 mm), white clover seeds (approximately 50 pieces) were evenly arranged on it, and 2 mL of each test specimen a was dropped onto the filter paper. The number of germination after 5 days was confirmed, and the germination rate was calculated using the following calculation formula.
Calculation formula: Germination rate (%) = (number of germination ÷ number of seeds used in test) x 100
The test was conducted twice, and the germination rate (%) of test specimen a of Comparative Example 1 was converted to 100. The average germination rates of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1 together with the composition of the test specimens.
In Table 1, "NaOH" refers to sodium hydroxide, "25% NH ₃ aq." refers to 25% ammonia water, and "compounding ratio" refers to the amount of ammonia (NH ₃ ) in 25% ammonia water relative to the weight of sodium hydroxide. means weight ratio.

From the results in Table 1, it is clear that pelargonic acid sodium salt significantly reduces the germination inhibitory effect of pelargonic acid ammonium salt (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) (Examples 1 to 4). Moreover, even in the case where caprylic acid sodium salt and caprylic acid ammonium salt are present in addition to pelargonic acid ammonium salt (Examples 5 and 6), pelargonic acid sodium salt is Comparative Example 1 containing only pelargonic acid ammonium salt, It was confirmed that compared to No. 2, the germination inhibitory effect was greatly reduced.
In particular, from the results of Example 4, even if the amount of sodium pelargonate added to ammonium pelargonate is very small, it is extremely effective in reducing the germination-inhibiting effect of ammonium pelargonate on seeds. It became clear that there was. Furthermore, when used in combination with caprylate, which is a fatty acid different from pelargonic acid, even if the amount of sodium pelargonic acid salt added is very small, it is highly effective in reducing the germination-inhibiting effect of ammonium pelargonic acid salt on seeds. It was also confirmed that there were.
The above test results revealed that pelargonic acid sodium salt exhibits the effect of greatly reducing the germination-inhibiting effect of fatty acid salts on seeds.

<Herbicidal effect confirmation test>
(1) Test specimen The test specimens (undiluted) of Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 1 used in the above-mentioned "germination suppression effect confirmation test" were used.
(2) Test method for confirming herbicidal effect Select 4 plots (50 cm x 50 cm) showing similar vegetation. Test samples (undiluted) of Examples 3, 4, and Comparative Example 1 at 100 mL/m ² (25 mL). Sprayed each plot separately.
0.5 months after the above spraying, the vegetated soil (soil with plants) and unvegetated soil (soil with no plants) were quantified using image analysis software ImageJ using images taken from above of each plot. The surface vegetation cover rate (%) was confirmed.
For each test plot, Table 2 shows the "vegetation coverage rate (%)" before and after treatment, and the ratio of the vegetation coverage rate after treatment to the vegetation coverage rate before treatment as "plant growth adjustment rate (%)."

As shown in Table 2, Comparative Example 1 containing only pelargonic acid ammonium salt exerts herbicidal activity on plant stems and leaves on the ground surface, and also exhibits a germination suppressing effect on seeds existing underground. Therefore, it was confirmed that the "plant growth adjustment rate (%)", which is the ratio of the vegetation coverage rate after treatment to the vegetation coverage rate before treatment, was as low as 6.8 (%).
On the other hand, Examples 3 and 4 containing pelargonate sodium salt in addition to pelargonate ammonium salt showed herbicidal activity on plant foliage parts on the ground surface, and the plants grew by seed germination. The "plant growth adjustment rate (%)" which is the ratio of the vegetation cover rate after treatment to the vegetation cover rate is 11.8 (%) and 10.8%, which is about 1.6 times higher than that of Comparative Example 1. This was confirmed.
In addition, in all the test plots treated with the test specimens of Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 1, the vegetation cover rate immediately after treatment (1 day later) was 0%, so all test specimens had a It was confirmed that the herbicidal effect was very high.
From this result, pelargonate sodium salt has a selective growth regulating effect on the foliage of plants on the surface of the earth and seeds existing underground.In other words, together with ammonium pelargonate, it has a herbicidal effect on the foliage of plants on the surface of the earth. On the other hand, it has been revealed that the ammonium pelargonic acid salt has the effect of greatly reducing the germination-inhibiting effect on seeds existing underground.

Claims (2)

1. A selective plant growth regulator that maintains the herbicidal activity of ammonium pelargonate and reduces the germination inhibitory effect, the agent comprising sodium pelargonate. 1. A method for selectively regulating plant growth, which maintains the herbicidal activity of ammonium pelargonate and reduces the germination inhibitory effect, the method comprising using sodium pelargonate.