JP7424093B2 - 立体造形物を造形する装置、立体造形物を造形する方法 - Google Patents
立体造形物を造形する装置、立体造形物を造形する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7424093B2 JP7424093B2 JP2020024417A JP2020024417A JP7424093B2 JP 7424093 B2 JP7424093 B2 JP 7424093B2 JP 2020024417 A JP2020024417 A JP 2020024417A JP 2020024417 A JP2020024417 A JP 2020024417A JP 7424093 B2 JP7424093 B2 JP 7424093B2
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Images
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
Description
造形材料を担持する担持体と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する手段と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に向けて、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる手段と、を備え、
前記造形物の表面の温度は、前記造形材料が到達するときにガラス転移温度以上である
構成とした。
1.レーザ光の吸収率が高い黒色粉と透明粉で飛翔開始エネルギーが同等である。
2.担持体が透明樹脂フィルムであっても透明粉は飛翔する。
3.担持体の透明樹脂フィルムは1000回までの多数回パルスレーザ照射でも劣化しない。
レーザ波長:532nm
パルス幅:15ps
ピークパワー:0.74MW
ビーム重ね回数:1.3
ビーム径:40μm
周波数:6.6kHz
走査速度:200mm/s
撮影:20kfps
レーザのパルス周波数としては、レーザの走査速度との組み合わせで適宜選択することができる。両者の組み合わせで決まるビーム径の重なりが多いと飛翔後の粉体(造形材料)にもレーザが当たり、粉が散逸しやすい。ビーム径の重なりが2回以上となるとその傾向が顕著であり、1.2~1.7回は粉の散逸が小さい。
表1に示すように、樹脂(造形材料201)としてPEEK(実施例1-1、1-2)、PA12(実施例1-3、1-4)、PBT(実施例1-5、1-6)を使用した。そして、造形物200の加熱前の表面温度を融点未満の温度とし、加熱後の樹脂が到達するときの表面温度(到達表面温度)をガラス転移温度Tg以上(実施例1-1、1-3、1-5)、又は結晶化温度Tc以上(実施例1-2、1-4、1-6)とした。また、樹脂を飛翔させる時間間隔は、いずれも、「L×L/200[ms]」以上の0.1sとした。
樹脂(造形材料201)としてPESを使用し、レーザ光の照射前は250℃、照射後は360℃とした。このとき、照射前の粘度は3.0×103Pa・s、照射後は6.0×102Pa・sであった。
樹脂(造形材料201)としてPVCを使用し、レーザ光のエネルギーを付与する前は50℃、付与後は150℃とした。このとき、照射前の粘度は4.0×103Pa・s、照射後は5.0×102Pa・
樹脂としてPA12(実施例3-1)、PE(実施例3-2)、PC(実施例3-3)を使用し、Fv>Fgとし、レーザ光の入力条件を、Fr>Fv-Fg、とした。
101 ステージ(支持部材)
111 担持体
112 供給手段
115 飛翔用レーザ(飛翔させる手段)
116 溶融用レーザ(エネルギーを付与する手段)
200 造形物
201 粉体
201 造形材料(粒子)
301 断熱板
302 造形物加熱ヒータ(補助的にエネルギーを付与する手段)
Claims (17)
- 造形材料を担持する担持体と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する手段と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に向けて、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる手段と、を備え、
前記造形物の表面の温度は、前記造形材料が到達するときにガラス転移温度以上である
ことを特徴とする立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 造形材料を担持する担持体と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する手段と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に向けて、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる手段と、を備え、
前記エネルギーを付与する手段は、前記造形物の表面に前記造形材料が到達するときに前記造形物の表面の温度がガラス転移温度以上になるように加熱するとともに、前記造形物の表面に対して飛翔する前記造形材料が前記造形物の表面に到達するまでの間に、前記造形材料も加熱する
ことを特徴とする立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 造形材料を担持する担持体と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する手段と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に向けて、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる手段と、を備え、
前記エネルギーを付与する手段は、前記造形物の周囲の雰囲気温度を、前記造形物の表面がガラス転移温度以上になるまで加熱する
ことを特徴とする立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記担持体は、回転部材である
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記飛翔させる手段は、パルスレーザを照射する手段である
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記飛翔させる手段は、周回移動する前記担持体と前記担持体に担持されている前記造形材料とを加熱する加熱手段を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記飛翔させる手段は、前記担持体に担持されている前記造形材料に対して空気を吹き付ける手段である
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記担持体に担持される前記造形材料に対して液体を付与する手段を備えている
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記液体が付与されていない前記造形材料を前記担持体から除去する手段を備えている
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記造形材料の平均粒径をL[μm]とするとき、前記造形材料が前記造形物の表面に到達する時間間隔がL×L/200[ms]以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記造形材料は、結晶性樹脂であり、
前記造形物の表面の温度は、前記エネルギーを付与する手段によって加熱された後に前記造形材料の融点以上になる
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし10のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記造形物の表面の温度は、前記エネルギーを付与する手段によって加熱される前には前記造形材料の融点未満である
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記造形材料は、非晶性樹脂であり、
前記造形物の表面は、前記エネルギーを付与する手段によって加熱された後に粘度が1.0×103Pa・s未満になる
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし10のいずれかに記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 前記造形物の表面は、前記エネルギーを付与する手段によって加熱される前の粘度が1.0×103Pa・s以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の立体造形物を造形する装置。 - 担持体の表面に造形材料を担持する工程と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する工程と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に対し、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる工程と、を行い、
前記造形物の表面の温度を、前記造形材料が到達するときにガラス転移温度以上にする
ことを特徴とする立体造形物を造形する方法。 - 担持体の表面に造形材料を担持する工程と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する工程と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に対し、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる工程と、を行い、
前記造形物の表面に前記造形材料が到達するときに前記造形物の表面の温度がガラス転移温度以上になるように加熱するとともに、前記造形物の表面に対して飛翔する前記造形材料が前記造形物の表面に到達するまでの間に、前記造形材料も加熱する
ことを特徴とする立体造形物を造形する方法。 - 担持体の表面に造形材料を担持する工程と、
造形物の表面にエネルギーを付与する工程と、
前記エネルギーを付与された前記造形物の表面に対し、前記担持体に担持されている造形材料を飛翔させる工程と、を行い、
前記造形物の周囲の雰囲気温度を、前記造形物の表面がガラス転移温度以上になるまで加熱する
ことを特徴とする立体造形物を造形する方法。
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