JP7421655B2 - 新規なPqsRインバースアゴニスト - Google Patents
新規なPqsRインバースアゴニスト Download PDFInfo
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- JP7421655B2 JP7421655B2 JP2022540896A JP2022540896A JP7421655B2 JP 7421655 B2 JP7421655 B2 JP 7421655B2 JP 2022540896 A JP2022540896 A JP 2022540896A JP 2022540896 A JP2022540896 A JP 2022540896A JP 7421655 B2 JP7421655 B2 JP 7421655B2
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
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- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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Description
X1は、CH又はNを示し;
RAは、CF3、Cl又はCNを示し;
Lは、一般式(L-1)又は(L-2)で表される基であり、
環Bは、
M1、M2、M3及びM4はそれぞれ、互いに独立して、CH又はNを示し、M1、M2、M3及びM4のうちの少なくとも1つがNであり;
RUは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、NRU1RU2、OH、CN、CF3、CH2-OH、OCH3又はOCF3を示し;
RU1及びRU2はそれぞれ、互いに独立して、水素原子;又は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、ヘテロアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基若しくはヘテロアラルキル基を示し、これらの基はすべて、ハロゲン原子、OH、=O及びNH2から選択される1個以上の同一の又は異なる基で場合により置換されていてもよく;
Y1は、NH又はSであり;
Y2は、N、NH、O又はSであり;
Y3は、水素原子、F、Cl、OH、CN、(C1~C3)アルキル、CF3、CH2-OH、OCH3又はOCF3を示し;
それぞれの「-----」は、互いに独立して、単結合又は二重結合を示し、一般式(L-2)の環における少なくとも1つの「---」は、二重結合であり;
Rは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、CN、CF3、CH2-OH;NRT1RT2;又は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、ヘテロアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基若しくはヘテロアラルキル基を示し、これらの基はすべて場合により置換されていてもよく;
RT1及びRT2はそれぞれ、互いに独立して、水素原子又は(C1~C3)アルキル基を示し、これは、ハロゲン原子、OH、=O及びNH2から選択される1個以上の同一の又は異なる基で置換されていてもよく;
Zは、-NH-、-O-又は-S-であり;
R’は、水素原子;又は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、ヘテロアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基若しくはヘテロアラルキル基であり、これらの基はすべて場合により置換されていてもよい。)
有効量の本発明による化合物(すなわち、[1]~[24]のいずれか1つに記載の化合物)、医薬組成物又は組み合わせ調製物を上記対象に投与する工程と、
それによって上記呼吸器状態を治療する工程とを含む、方法を含む。
A.有機合成に使用される化学物質及び分析方法
1H及び13C NMRスペクトルをBruker DRX-500装置で記録した。化学シフトは、CDCl3、MeOH-d 4及びDMSO-d 6で得られたスペクトルの内部標準として溶媒共鳴を用いて百万分率(ppm)で与えられる。すべての結合定数(J)はヘルツ単位で与えられる。質量分析(LC/MS)は、MSQ(登録商標)エレクトロスプレー質量分析計(Thermo Fisher)で行った。システムは、標準ソフトウェアXcalibur(登録商標)によって操作した。RP C18 NUCLEODUR(登録商標)100-5(125×3mm)カラム(Macherey-Nagel GmbH)を固定相として使用し、水/アセトニトリル混合物を溶離液として使用した。すべての溶媒はHPLCグレードであった。試薬は、さらに精製することなく市販の供給業者から得られたものを使用した。フラッシュクロマトグラフィーをシリカゲル60、70~230メッシュ(Fluka)で行い、反応の進行をシリカゲル60、F254(Merck)での薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)分析によって決定した。可視化は、UV光及び塩基性過マンガン酸カリウム(KMnO4)による染色を用いて達成した。融点は、融点装置SMP3(Stuart Scientific)を用いて測定した。装置は修正されていない。
酵母抽出物はFluka(ノイウルム、ドイツ)から、カゼイン由来のペプトンはMerck(ダルムシュタット、ドイツ)から、Bacto(商標)TryptoneはBD Biosciences(ハイデルベルク、ドイツ)から購入した。分析グレードの塩及び有機溶媒をVWR(ダルムシュタット、ドイツ)から得た。
緑膿菌株PA14(PA14)を-80℃のグリセロールストックに保存した。
以下の培地:ルリア・ベルターニ・ブロス(Luria Bertani broth, LB)及びPPGAS培地[非特許文献23]を使用した。
1.1 2-クロロ-N-((1-(3-クロロ-4-イソプロポキシフェニル)-1H-1,2,3-トリアゾール-4-イル)メチル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-アミンの調製
2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-アミン(589.7mg、3mmol)、DMAP(73.3mg、0.6mmol)、Boc2O(1.96g、9mmol)及びEt3N(546μl、3.9mmol)を室温で無水THF(10mL)に懸濁し、アルゴン雰囲気下で一晩撹拌した。反応混合物をCH2Cl2(40mL)で希釈し、0.1N HCl(5mL)で洗浄した。合わせた有機層を無水MgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で蒸発させた。次いで、得られた残渣をDCM(20ml)に溶解し、TFA(2ml)を添加した。出発材料が完全に消費されるまで、反応物を室温で30分間撹拌した。飽和NaHCO3を添加し、続いてDCMで抽出した。次いで、有機溶媒をMgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で蒸発させた。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーを使用して精製を行った。LC-MS:m/z:295(M-H)-。
0℃のDMF(5ml)中tert-ブチル(2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)カルバメート(593mg、2mmol)の撹拌溶液にNaH(60重量%)(92.1mg、2.4mmol)3-ブロモプロパ-1-イン(72.17mg、2.4mmol)を添加した。反応物を30分間撹拌し、次いで、プロパルギルブロミド(182μL、2.4mmol)を滴下し、室温で3時間撹拌した。次いで、反応物を氷水に添加し、続いて酢酸エチルで抽出した。次いで、有機溶媒をMgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で蒸発させた。生成物をさらに精製することなく次の工程にもっていった。LC-MS:m/z:279(M+H-tBu)+
DCM(10mL)に溶解したtert-ブチル(2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)(プロパ-2-イン-1-イル)カルバメート(502mg、1.5mmol)に、TFA(2mL)を添加した。室温で5時間撹拌した後、混合物を0℃に冷却し、続いて飽和NaHCO3溶液を添加し、DCMで抽出した。合わせた有機層をMgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で濃縮した。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーを使用して精製を行った。LC-MS:m/z:235(M+H)+
2-クロロ-N-(プロパ-2-イン-1-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-アミン(23.4mg、0.1mmol)をtBuOH/H2O(2mL)に溶解し、続いて4-アジド-2-クロロ-1-イソプロポキシベンゼン(21.1mg、0.1mmol)、アスコルビン酸Na(1.9mg、0.01mmol)及び硫酸銅(II)五水和物(2.5mg、0.01mmol)を添加した。反応物をアルゴン雰囲気下で15時間撹拌した。過剰の溶媒を減圧下で蒸発させ、残りの残渣に水(20ml)を添加し、次いで、酢酸エチルで抽出した。合わせた有機層を食塩水で洗浄し、次いで、MgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で蒸発させた。分取HPLCによって精製を行った。
6員複素環B反応物、例えば、(2-クロロピリミジン-5-イル)メタノール、又は(2-ブロモチアゾール-5-イル)メタノール(1当量);ボロン酸誘導体、例えば(3-クロロ-4-イソプロポキシフェニル)ボロン酸(1.2当量);Pd(dppf)Cl2(0.05当量)及びNa2CO3(4当量)にジオキサン/H2O混合物15mlを添加した。反応物を110℃で5時間還流した。過剰の溶媒を減圧下で蒸発させ、残りの残渣に水(20ml)を添加し、次いで、酢酸エチルで抽出した。次いで、有機溶媒をMgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で蒸発させた。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーを使用して精製を行った。
0℃のDCM(20ml)中の所望のメタノール誘導体(1当量)に、三臭化リン(5当量)を添加した。反応物を室温で18時間撹拌した。次いで、0℃でNaHCO3を滴下して反応物を急冷し、続いてDCMで抽出した。次いで、有機溶媒をMgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で濃縮した。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーを使用して精製を行った。
0℃のDMF(10ml)中tert-ブチル(2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)カルバメート(1当量)にNaH(60重量%)(1.2当量)を添加した。反応物を30分間撹拌し、続いて、所望のブロモメチル誘導体(1.2当量)を添加した。反応混合物を室温で2時間撹拌した。次いで、反応物を氷水に添加し、続いて酢酸エチルで抽出した。合わせた有機層をMgSO4で減圧下で乾燥させた。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーを使用して精製を行った。
DCM(10mL)に溶解した所望のBoc保護誘導体(1当量)に、TFA(2mL)を添加した。室温で5時間撹拌した後、混合物を0℃に冷却し、続いて飽和NaHCO3溶液を添加し、DCMで抽出した。合わせた有機層をMgSO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で濃縮した。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーを使用して精製を行った。
以下に記載される化合物01~60は、基(L-1)を含む本発明の一般式(I)による化合物の代表例である。これらの化合物は、上記の手順に基づいて合成されたものである。
1H NMR (500 MHz, Acetone) δ12.24 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 2H), 7.91 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (hept, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.37 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 6H).
1H NMR (500 MHz, Acetone)δ12.15 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.07 (s, 2H), 7.91 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 2H), 4.77 (hept, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.37 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 6H).
1H NMR (500 MHz, Acetone)δ12.08 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 2H), 7.90 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (hept, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.37 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 6H).
1H NMR (500 MHz, Acetone)δ8.88 (s, 2H), 8.39 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 8.14 (s, 2H), 7.17 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (t, J = 5.7 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (hept, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.33 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 6H).
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ13.04 (s, 1H), 8.86 (s, 2H), 8.31 (d, J= 9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.81-7.77(m, 1H), 7.66 (t, J= 5.8 Hz, 1H),7.40-7.34(m, 1H), 7.09 -7.01 (m, 2H), 6.98 (d, J= 2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.77-6.72(m, 1H), 4.72 (hept, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (d, J= 5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 6H).
2.1 2-(1H-イミダゾール-1-イル)-N-((5-フェノキシ-1H-ベンゾ[d]イミダゾール-2-イル)メチル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-アミン(61)の調製
NMP(10mL)中、5-フルオロ-2-ニトロアニリン(1560mg、10mmol)の混合物に、フェノール(1128mg、12mmol)及びK2CO3(1656mg、12mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を160℃で5時間撹拌した。反応混合物を室温に冷却した。固体を濾取し、冷水で洗浄し、乾燥させて、2-ニトロ-5-フェノキシアニリン(1.956g、7.56mmol、収率76%)を暗褐色固体として得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ8.01 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.45 (m, 4H), 7.34-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.14 (m, 2H), 6.37 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.30 (dd, J = 9.5, 2.7 Hz, 1H); LC.MS: m/z 231.3 (M+H)+.
2-ニトロ-5-フェノキシアニリン30a(1.956g、7.56mmol)、Fe(2.159g、38.7mmol)及び塩化アンモニウム(0.210g、3.93mmol)の混合物をEtOH/H2O(30mL、2:1、予備混合)に懸濁した。反応混合物を100℃で2時間撹拌した。EtOH/H2O(15mL、2:1、予備混合)を添加し、反応混合物を100℃で17時間撹拌した。熱い反応混合物を濾過し、固体をMeOH(2×2mL)ですすぎ、得られた濾液のアルコール性成分を真空中で還元した。残りの黒色水溶液を水(50mL)で希釈し、EtOAc(3×50mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を食塩水(50mL)で洗浄し、濾過し、相分離カートリッジに通し、真空中で還元した。得られた黒色ガム(1.25g)をEtOAc(5mL)に溶解し、セライトのプラグ(3g)に通し、プラグをEtOAc(3×20mL)ですすいだ。合わせた有機抽出物を真空中で還元して、4-フェノキシベンゼン-1,2-ジアミン(1.25g、5.62mmol、収率74.3%)を黒色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ7.36-7.23 (m, 2H), 6.98 (tt, J = 7.3, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 6.90-6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.25 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.10 (dd, J = 8.2, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (s, 2H), 4.32 (s, 2H). LC.MS: m/z 201.4 (M+H)+.
2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-アミン(1.07g、5.44mmol)、DIPEA(2.092mL、11.98mmol)及びDMAP(0.200g、1.633mmol)のDCM(20mL)溶液に、BOC無水物(3.16mL、13.61mmol)を添加し、混合物を室温で18時間撹拌した。飽和水溶液NH4Cl(50mL)を添加し、混合物を10分間撹拌し、次いで、疎水性フリットに通し、DCM(2×10mL)で洗浄し、減圧下で濃縮して、粘性橙色油状物を得た。DCM(30mL)及びTFA(3mL)を添加し、混合物を室温で1時間撹拌した。10重量%クエン酸(50mL)を添加し、混合物を10分間撹拌し、次いで、疎水性フリットに通し、DCM(2×10mL)で洗浄し、減圧下で濃縮して、粘性橙色油状物を得た。粗生成物をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフィー(24gカートリッジ、0~50% EtOAc/イソヘキサン)によって精製し、無色固体として生成物1(1.79g、4.29mmol、収率79%)を得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ10.52 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (s, 9H). LC.MS: m/z 297 (M+H)+.
0℃に冷却したDMF(5mL、64.6mmol)中、tert-ブチル(2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)カルバメート(500mg、1.685mmol)及びエチル2-ブロモアセテート(0.291mL、2.53mmol)の溶液に、NaH(74.1mg、1.854mmol)を添加し、混合物を4時間撹拌した。混合物に飽和水溶液NH4Cl(20mL)を添加して急冷し、TBME(2×20mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を水(2×20mL)、食塩水(20mL)で洗浄し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮して、淡黄色油状物を得た。粗生成物をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフィー(24gカートリッジ、0~50% EtOAc/イソヘキサン)によって精製し、エチル2-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)(2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)アミノ)アセテート(583mg、1.508mmol、収率89%)を無色油状物として得た。LC.MS: m/z 383 (M+H)+.
エチル2-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)(2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)アミノ)アセテート(150mg、0.392mmol)、及び1H-イミダゾール(53.4mg、0.784mmol)のジオキサン(3mL)溶液に、炭酸セシウム(383mg、1.176mmol)を添加し、混合物を排気し、窒素で3回パージし、次いで、マイクロ波照射下、90℃で60分間加熱した。Pd175(30.6mg、0.039mmol)を添加し、混合物を排気し、窒素で3回パージし、次いで、マイクロ波照射下、110℃で60分間加熱した。混合物を水(10mL)及びDCM(20mL)で希釈し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮した。粗生成物をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフィー(12gカートリッジ、0~50% EtOAc/イソヘキサン)によって精製し、エチル2-((2-(1H-イミダゾール-1-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)アセテート(66mg、0.158mmol、収率40.2%)を淡黄色固体として得た。LC.MS: m/z 415 (M+H)+.
エチル2-((2-(1H-イミダゾール-1-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)アセテート(66mg、0.159mmol)のTHF/H2O(2.5mL、4:1)溶液に、LiOH(19.07mg、0.796mmol)を添加し、混合物を室温で90分間撹拌した。混合物を水(20mL)、DCM(10mL)で希釈し、疎水性フリットに通した。水相を1M水溶液の滴下によってpH1に酸性化した。次いで、HClをEtOAc(2×20mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を食塩水(2×20mL)で洗浄し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮して、2-((2-(1H-イミダゾール-1-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)酢酸(22mg、0.048mmol、収率30.4%)をクリーム色固体として得た。LC.MS: m/z 387 (M+H)+.
0℃に冷却したDCM(5mL)中、2-((2-(1H-イミダゾール-1-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)酢酸(41mg、0.106mmol)及び4-フェノキシベンゼン-1,2-ジアミン(25.5mg、0.127mmol)の溶液に、DIPEA(0.056mL、0.318mmol)及びT3P(EtOAc中50重量%)(0.069mL、0.117mmol)を添加し、混合物を室温に加温し、18時間撹拌した。混合物をDCM(10mL)及び水(10mL)で希釈し、10分間撹拌し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮して褐色ガムを得た。AcOH(3mL)を添加し、混合物を90℃で3時間加熱した。粗生成物を分取HPLC(Waters、塩基性(0.1%重炭酸アンモニウム)、塩基性、Waters X-Bridge Prep-C18、5μm、19×50mmカラム、水中25~55%MeCN)によって精製して、2-(1H-イミダゾール-1-イル)-N-((5-フェノキシ-1H-ベンゾ[d]イミダゾール-2-イル)メチル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-アミン(61)(10.6mg、0.023mmol、収率21.95%)をベージュ色固体として得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6)δ12.51 (0.4H), 12.38 (s, 0.6H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 8.07- 8.01 (m, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 0.6H), 7.49 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 0.4H), 7.40-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 0.4H), 7.18-7.15 (m, 1H), 7.12-7.04 (m, 3.6H), 6.99-6.87 (m, 3H), 4.77 (s, 2H). LC.MS: m/z 451 (M+H)+.
アセトニトリル(25mL、479mmol)中、2,4-ジクロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン(1.563mL、11.57mmol)、メチル2-メルカプトアセテート(1.035mL、11.57mmol)及びK2CO3(1.600g、11.57mmol)の混合物を65℃(プレート温度)で3時間加熱し、次いで、室温に冷却した。混合物を10重量%クエン酸水溶液(100mL)にゆっくり添加し、TBME(3×50mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を水(100mL)、食塩水(50mL)で洗浄し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮して無色油状物を得た。粗生成物をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフィー(40gカートリッジ、0~25% EtOAc/イソヘキサン)によって精製し、メチル2-((2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)アセテート(3.12g、10.92mmol、収率94%)を無色油状物として得た。LC.MS:m/z 286(M+H)+。
1-メチル-1H-ピロール-2,5-ジオン(19.45mg、0.175mmol)中、メチル2-((2-クロロ-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)アセテート(50mg、0.175mmol)、1-(テトラヒドロ-2H-ピラン-2-イル)-4-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)-1H-ピラゾール(58.4mg、0.210mmol)及びSILVER CARBONATE(48.3mg、0.175mmol)の混合物を排気し、窒素で3回パージし、次いで、マイクロ波照射下、130℃で10分間加熱した。反応物を水(20mL)で希釈し、EtOAc(2×20mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を水(20mL)、食塩水(20mL)で洗浄し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮した。粗生成物を、試験反応2505-14、2505-16&2505-17、2505-18、2505-19&2505-20からの生成物と合わせ、シリカゲルのクロマトグラフィー(24gカートリッジ、0~50% EtOAc/イソヘキサン)によって精製し、メチル2-((2-(1-(テトラヒドロ-2H-ピラン-2-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-4-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)アセテート(206mg、0.498mmol、収率284%)を淡黄色油状物として得た。LC.MS:m/z 402(M+H)+。
THF-水(4mL、3:1)中、メチル2-((2-(1-(テトラヒドロ-2H-ピラン-2-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-4-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)アセテート(206mg、0.513mmol)の溶液に、LiOH(61.5mg、2.57mmol)を添加し、混合物を室温で3時間撹拌した。混合物を水(20mL)で希釈し、DCM(10mL)で抽出した。水相を10重量%のクエン酸水溶液の添加によって酸性化し、EtOAc(2×20mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を水(20mL)、食塩水(20mL)で洗浄し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮して、2-((2-(1-(テトラヒドロ-2H-ピラン-2-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-4-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)酢酸(154mg、0.394mmol、収率77%)をクリーム色固体として得た。LC.MS:m/z 388(M+H)+。
NMP(10mL)中、5-フルオロ-2-ニトロアニリン(1560mg、10mmol)の混合物に、フェノール(1128mg、12mmol)及びK2CO3(1656mg、12mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を160℃で5時間撹拌した。反応混合物を室温に冷却した。固体を濾取し、冷水で洗浄し、乾燥させて、2-ニトロ-5-フェノキシアニリン(1.956g、7.56mmol、収率76%)を暗褐色固体として得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ8.01 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.45 (m, 4H), 7.34-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.14 (m, 2H), 6.37 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.30 (dd, J = 9.5, 2.7 Hz, 1H); LC.MS: m/z 231.3 (M+H)+.
2-ニトロ-5-フェノキシアニリン30a(1.956g、7.56mmol)、Fe(2.159g、38.7mmol)及び塩化アンモニウム(0.210g、3.93mmol)の混合物をEtOH/H2O(30mL、2:1、予備混合)に懸濁した。反応混合物を100℃で2時間撹拌した。EtOH/H2O(15mL、2:1、予備混合)を添加し、反応混合物を100℃で17時間撹拌した。熱い反応混合物を濾過し、固体をMeOH(2×2mL)ですすぎ、得られた濾液のアルコール性成分を真空中で還元した。残りの黒色水溶液を水(50mL)で希釈し、EtOAc(3×50mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を食塩水(50mL)で洗浄し、濾過し、相分離カートリッジに通し、真空中で還元した。得られた黒色ガム(1.25g)をEtOAc(5mL)に溶解し、セライトのプラグ(3g)に通し、プラグをEtOAc(3×20mL)ですすいだ。合わせた有機抽出物を真空中で還元して、4-フェノキシベンゼン-1,2-ジアミン(1.25g、5.62mmol、収率74.3%)を黒色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ7.36-7.23 (m, 2H), 6.98 (tt, J = 7.3, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 6.90-6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.25 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.10 (dd, J = 8.2, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (s, 2H), 4.32 (s, 2H). LC.MS: m/z 201.4 (M+H)+.
0℃に冷却したDCM(5mL)中、2-((2-(1-(テトラヒドロ-2H-ピラン-2-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-4-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)酢酸(75mg、0.194mmol)及び4-フェノキシベンゼン-1,2-ジアミン(46.5mg、0.232mmol)の溶液に、DIPEA(0.101mL、0.581mmol)及びT3P(EtOAc中50重量%)(0.127mL、0.213mmol)を添加し、混合物を室温に加温し、2時間撹拌した。混合物をDCM(10mL)及び水(10mL)で希釈し、10分間撹拌し、疎水性フリットに通し、減圧下で濃縮して褐色ガムを得た。AcOH(3mL)を添加し、混合物を90℃で3時間加熱した。粗生成物を分取HPLC(Waters、塩基性(0.1%重炭酸アンモニウム)、塩基性、Waters X-Bridge Prep-C18、5μm、19×50mmカラム、水中25~55%MeCN)によって精製して、2-(((2-(1H-ピラゾール-4-イル)-6-(トリフルオロメチル)ピリジン-4-イル)チオ)メチル)-5-フェノキシ-1H-ベンゾ[d]イミダゾール(37.6mg、0.080mmol、収率41.5%)をベージュ色固体として得た。
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ13.23 (s, 1H), 12.57 (s, 1H), 8.70-7.85 (m, 3H), 7.73 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.23-7.01 (m, 2H), 7.00-6.84 (m, 3H), 4.74 (s, 2H). LC.MS: m/z 468 (M+H)+.
以下に記載される化合物66~70は、本発明の一般式(I)による化合物のさらなる代表例である。これらの化合物は、上記の手順に基づいて合成されたものである。
試験化合物のpqsR依存性遺伝子発現の阻害を、大腸菌ベースのβ-ガラクトシダーゼレポーター遺伝子アッセイで決定した[非特許文献19]。大腸菌DH5αに、プロモーターtacの制御下でpqsRをコードするpEAL08-2プラスミド及びプロモーターpqsAの制御下でβ-ガラクトシダーゼレポーター遺伝子lacZをトランスフェクトした。化合物の拮抗作用を、50nM PQSの存在下/競合下で評価した。陽性対照を使用して、個々のアッセイの信頼性を確保した。まず、PQSをメタノールで希釈し、ガラスコーティングした96ディープウェルプレートのウェルに添加し、溶媒を蒸発させた。次いで、化合物を5μLのDMSOに添加して、0.001~10μMの最終濃度にした。大腸菌DH5a×pEAL08-2の一晩培養物を、アンピシリン(50μg/ml)を含むLB培地で1:100に希釈し、0.2のOD600に達するまで振とうしながら37℃でインキュベートした。最後に、995μLの培養物を各ウェルに添加し、2.5時間のインキュベーション期間(37℃、180rpm)後の透過処理細胞におけるortho-ニトロフェニル-β-ガラクトシド変換によってβ-ガラクトシダーゼ活性を決定した。POLARstar Omega(BMG Labtech、オルテンベルク、ドイツ)を用いてOD600、OD420及びOD550を測定し、基礎対照(PQSなし)と溶媒対照との間のβ-ガラクトシダーゼ活性の傾きの比として活性を示した。アンタゴニストのIC50値を、試験化合物の濃度の変動によって決定した。
化合物による緑膿菌ピオシアニン産生の阻害を、前述のように測光的に決定した[非特許文献20]。要約すれば、PPGAS培地中のPA14の一晩培養物を洗浄し、0.02の開始OD600まで培地で希釈し、試験化合物の存在下で16時間(37℃、200rpm、相対湿度75%)インキュベートした。次いで、培養物をクロロホルムで抽出し、0.2M HClで再抽出した。プロトン化赤色ピオシアニンについて、OD520を測定し、OD600に正規化することによって決定した。
室温で5分間の動力学的濁度水溶解度(Kinetic Turbidimetric Aqueous Solubility)。試験化合物をPBS緩衝液で希釈して濃度範囲(典型的には0.4、2、4、20、40、100及び200μM、最終DMSO濃度2%)を得て、室温で5分間インキュベートした。吸光度を波長620nMで測定し、溶解度を、ビヒクル対照(すなわち、緩衝液中1% DMSO)を超える吸光度の増加をもたらす試験化合物の濃度から推定した。測定及び正規化された吸光度に4パラメータシグモイド関数を当てはめてデータを分析し、LogS(溶解度の10進対数)へのアクセスを提供するAUC計算を行った。
第I相代謝安定性の評価のために、化合物(1μM)を0.5mg/mLのMLM(Corning)及び1mMのNADPHと共に37℃で0、5、10、15及び30分間インキュベートした。ベラパミル、ジフェンヒドラミン及びベンジダミン(それぞれ1μM)の代謝安定性を並行して決定して、MLMの酵素活性を確認した。内部標準(1μMロイシンエンケファリン)を含有する2体積のアセトニトリルを添加することによって、インキュベーションを停止した。試料を遠心分離した(15分間、3,500rpm)。異なる時点での残りの試験化合物の濃度をHPLC-MS/MSによって分析し、半減期(t1/2)を決定するために使用した。
Claims (16)
- 一般式(I)で表される化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩:
一般式(I)中、
Aは、(C1~C3)アルキル基、CN、ハロゲン原子及びOHから選択される1個以上の同一の又は異なる基で場合により置換されていてもよい、少なくとも1個の窒素原子を含む5又は6員複素芳香族基を示し、
X1は、CH又はNを示し、
RAは、CF3、Cl又はCNを示し、
Lは、一般式(L-1)又は(L-2)で表される基であり、
(波線に挟まれた部分が「L」を表す。)
一般式(L-1)中、
環Bは、
(波線に挟まれた部分が「環B」を表す。)
であるか、又は一般式(B-1)で表される6員複素環であり、
(波線に挟まれた部分が「環B」を表す。)
一般式(B-1)中、
M1、M2、M3及びM4はそれぞれ、互いに独立して、CH又はNを示し、M1、M2、M3及びM4のうちの少なくとも1つがNであり、
Uは、N又はC(RU)を示し、
RUは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、NRU1RU2、OH、CN、CF3、CH2-OH、OCH3 若しくはOCF3 、又は以下の基からなる群から選択される基を示し、
RU1及びRU2はそれぞれ、互いに独立して、水素原子、又は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、ヘテロアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基若しくはヘテロアラルキル基を示し、これらの基はすべて、ハロゲン原子、OH、=O及びNH2から選択される1個以上の同一の又は異なる基で場合により置換されていてもよく、
(波線に挟まれた部分が「L」を表す。)
一般式(L-2)中、
Y1は、NH又はSであり、
Y2は、N、NH、O又はSであり、
Y3は、水素原子、F、Cl、OH、CN、(C1~C3)アルキル、CF3、CH2-OH、OCH3又はOCF3を示し、
それぞれの「-----」は、互いに独立して、単結合又は二重結合を示し、一般式(L-2)の環における少なくとも1つの「---」は、二重結合であり、
Tは、R又は基:-Z-R’であり、ここで、
Rは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、CN、CF3、CH2-OH、NRT1RT2、又は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、ヘテロアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基若しくはヘテロアラルキル基を示し、これらの基はすべて場合により置換されていてもよく、
RT1及びRT2はそれぞれ、互いに独立して、水素原子又は(C1~C3)アルキル基を示し、これは、ハロゲン原子、OH、=O及びNH2から選択される1個以上の同一の又は異なる基で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、-NH-、-O-又は-S-であり、
R’は、水素原子、又は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、ヘテロアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基若しくはヘテロアラルキル基であり、これらの基はすべて場合により置換されていてもよい。 - ZがNH又はOである、請求項8に記載の化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の1つ以上の化合物、並びに場合により少なくとも1つの担体物質、賦形剤及び/又はアジュバントを含む、医薬組成物。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の少なくとも1つの化合物、及びさらなる活性成分として少なくとも1つの抗生物質を含む、組み合わせ調製物。
- 薬剤として使用するための、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、請求項11に記載の医薬組成物、又は請求項12に記載の組み合わせ調製物。
- 嚢胞性線維症(CF)、非嚢胞性線維症気管支拡張症(NCFB)、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)及び原発性線毛運動不全症を含む呼吸器状態の予防又は治療に使用するための、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、請求項11に記載の医薬組成物、又は請求項12に記載の組み合わせ調製物。
- 医療機器に塗布されているコーティングであって、前記コーティングが少なくとも1つの請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含む、医療機器に塗布されているコーティング。
- 少なくとも1つの請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含むコーティングを含んでなる、医療機器。
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