JP7415117B1 - Tools for dividing into small pieces and methods for dividing into small pieces - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a slicing tool capable of efficiently slicing a large-sized shredded material into small pieces, and a slicing method using the tool. [Solution] In the present invention, the small-splitting tool has a pedestal that is provided so as to be able to approach the large-sized crushed material while covering it from above, and a pedestal that is positioned radially away from the center of the bottom surface of the pedestal on the bottom surface of the pedestal. At least three or more crushing parts protruding from the. Each of the fractured parts includes a primary contact part that protrudes downward and hits the large crushed material as the pedestal approaches the large crushed material from above the large crushed material, thereby causing the primary cracking to occur. A ridgeline extending from the contact area to the center of the lower surface is formed, and the ridgeline is extended from the primary contact area toward the pedestal so that it faces the space below the center of the bottom surface, and remains below the space after the primary split rock. As the pedestal approaches the residual crushed material, the ridgeline has a secondary contact portion that strikes the residual crushed material and causes secondary rock splitting. [Selection diagram] Figure 3

Description

The present invention provides a small-splitting tool for small-splitting relatively large pieces (hereinafter referred to as "large-sized crushed material") generated when crushing objects such as bedrock, rocks, and concrete structures, and the tool. This is related to the subdivision method used.

For example, at a site where rock crushing is involved, the rock is crushed using blasting or a wedge-type rock crusher developed by the inventor of the present invention, but the crushed particle size has a certain distribution, and the large crushed pieces are too large as they are, so it is difficult to carry them out. cause trouble. For this reason, after rock crushing, a so-called small-splitting operation is sometimes performed in which the large-sized crushed material is crushed into smaller pieces. In order to efficiently perform this slicing work, slicing tools and slicing methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed.

These small-splitting tools have a tapered crushing portion protruding from the lower surface of the pedestal. By approaching the large-sized crushed object from above the large-sized crushed object, the large-sized crushed object is placed in a virtual plane orthogonal to the approach direction of the pedestal, with the tips of the plurality of crushed parts at different positions. By striking, the subdivision work is performed.

Patent No. 7087251 Patent No. 7162807 Patent No. 7243011

The large-sized crushed rock at the tip of the crushing part (corresponding to the "primary broken rock" in the present invention) is divided into a plurality of crushed materials (corresponding to the "residual crushed material" in the present invention); There may be a request to further divide into smaller parts. In order to satisfy such demands, it is currently necessary to repeatedly perform the small-splitting operation using a small-splitting tool, that is, the primary rock-splitting process. Therefore, at the above-mentioned sites, it is required not only to divide a large crushed material into multiple pieces of residual crushed material, but also to further divide the residual crushed material into smaller pieces to improve work efficiency. There is.

This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a small-splitting tool and a small-splitting method using the tool, which can break large pieces into small pieces more efficiently than conventional small-splitting tools. The purpose is to provide.

A first aspect of the present invention is a small-splitting tool for dividing a large-sized crushed object into small pieces, which includes a pedestal that is provided so as to be accessible while covering the large-sized crushed object from above, and a center of the lower surface of the pedestal among the lower surfaces of the pedestal. at least three or more crushing parts protruding downward at positions radially apart from the part, each of the crushing parts having a primary abutting part and a secondary abutting part, the primary abutting part The part protrudes downward, and as the pedestal approaches the large-sized crushed object from above, it hits the large-sized crushed object to create a primary split rock. A ridgeline extending from the part to the center of the lower surface is formed, and the ridgeline is extended from the primary contact part toward the pedestal so that it faces the space below the center of the lower surface, and the residual material remaining below the space below after the primary rock splitting. It is characterized by the fact that as the pedestal approaches the crushed material, the ridgeline strikes the remaining crushed material and causes secondary cracking.

Further, a second aspect of the present invention is a method for dividing a large-sized crushed object into small pieces using the above-mentioned small-sized cutting tool, comprising: arranging the small-sized object above the large-sized crushed object; By applying a downward external force to the pedestal, the large crushed material is struck at the primary contact area to cause primary cracking, and the ridge line breaks the remaining crushed material that remains below the space after the primary cracking. It is characterized by the process of secondarily splitting the rock by hitting the object.

As described above, according to the present invention, by applying a downward external force to the pedestal of the small-splitting tool placed above the large-split material, the large-split material is struck and the primary split rock is created. After that, the remaining crushed material remaining below the space below the pedestal can be split into secondary rocks. In other words, it is possible to divide large pieces into smaller pieces more efficiently than with conventional tools.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall view of a worksite where a large-sized crushed object is divided into small pieces using a small-dividing tool according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB when the tool for dividing into small pieces is viewed from the side of the large-sized crushed material. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line C--C when the large-sized crushed material is viewed from the side of the small-sized cutting tool. FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the small cutting tool. 1A to 1C and a diagram schematically showing a slicing method using the slicing tool shown in FIG. 2. FIG.

FIG. 1A is a diagram showing an overall view of a worksite where a large-sized crushed object is divided into small pieces using a small-dividing tool according to the present invention. FIG. 1B is a view taken along the line BB, looking at the small-splitting tool from the side of the large-split material. FIG. 1C is a view taken along the line CC as seen from the side of the small-splitting tool. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the small cutting tool. In addition, for the purpose of easy understanding, the dimensions and numbers of each part are exaggerated or simplified as necessary.

As shown in FIG. 1A, this small-splitting tool 1 is attached to a construction vehicle 100 such as a backhoe used at a site involving rock crushing, and is used to further reduce large pieces of crushed material 200 generated when rock is crushed. It is a tool for crushing. More specifically, a hydraulic breaker 103 is attached to an arm 101 of a construction vehicle 100 via a bracket 102. This hydraulic breaker 103 includes a breaker main body (not shown). The breaker body also has a cylinder in the center. By supplying pressure oil to the cylinder from a hydraulic pressure supply source (not shown) via a switching valve, a piston that is slidably fitted into the cylinder can move back and forth in the axial direction.

A cutting tool 1 is attached to the tip of the breaker body (lower end in FIG. 1A). As shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2, this slicing tool 1 has a pedestal 2 whose appearance is finished in a substantially cylindrical shape. The lower surface 23 of the pedestal 2 has a planar size that allows it to cover all or part of the large-sized crushed materials 200 placed on the ground or the large-sized crushed materials 200 piled up from above. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower surface 23 is depressed inward at the center of the lower surface, and a recess 24 corresponding to an example of the "lower surface space" of the present invention is provided below the center of the lower surface. A central through hole 25 is provided in the center of the pedestal 2 from the upper surface 21 of the pedestal 2 so that the inner diameter becomes smaller as it goes downward, and is connected to the recess 24. Furthermore, three crushing parts 22 extend downward so as to surround the lower opening of the central through hole 25 from the lower side.

A distal end portion 31 of a shaft-like body 3 extending in the vertical direction Z is attached to the central through-hole 25 . More specifically, the shaft-shaped body 3 has a distal end portion 31 that can be press-fitted into the central through hole 25, a rear end portion 32 that is attached to the hydraulic breaker 103 and receives impact force from the piston, and a rear end portion 32 that receives impact force from the piston. It has a central portion 33 that transmits impact force to the base 2. In this embodiment, the tip portion 31 has a tapered shape whose outer diameter decreases as it moves downward in correspondence with the central through hole 25, and can be press-fitted into the central through hole 25. Then, the tip portion 31 is fixed to the base 2. As the fixing method, welding, burning, etc. may be employed. Moreover, the pedestal 2 and the shaft-shaped body 3 may be formed integrally.

In the base 2, the lower peripheral edge surrounding the lower opening of the central through hole 25 is cut out at equal angular intervals, and three lower convex parts are provided. In this embodiment, a central through hole 25 is bored in the center of the upper end of a cylindrical tool steel to finish it into an annular shape, and the upper end is cut from the lower surface side to achieve the above-described A recess 24 and three downward protrusions are formed. Each downward convex portion functions as a crushing portion 22. As shown in FIG. 1B, these three crushing parts 22 are provided at positions equidistant apart radially from the lower end of the central through hole 25. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A (and FIG. 3, which will be described later), "the lower end of the central through-hole 25" corresponds to an example of the "lower surface central portion of the pedestal" of the present invention. Further, the crushing section 22 is a part of the pedestal 2 and is integrally constructed, but as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a member corresponding to the crushing section 22 is provided separately from the pedestal 2. It may also be configured so that it functions as the crushing section 22 by preparing it and fixing it to the pedestal 2.

In each of the crushing parts 22, as shown in FIG. It protrudes on. The tip of the downward convex portion to which the carbide core 221a is attached in this way functions as the primary contact portion 221. Further, a portion of the downward convex portion extending from the tip toward the upper end of the pedestal 2 functions as a secondary contact portion 222 . The secondary abutment part 222 is finished so that a ridgeline 222a extending from the primary abutment part 221 to the lower end of the central through hole 25 is formed, and the ridgeline 222a faces the space below the center of the lower surface, that is, the recess 24. It is being

As shown in FIG. 1B, when the pedestal 2 is viewed from the lower side, that is, from the (-Z) direction side, three ridge lines 222a extend toward the lower end of the central through hole 25; Three carbide cores 221a are arranged radially at equal distances apart from each other about the lower end of the central through hole 25. Therefore, as described below, when the small-splitting tool 1 configured as described above is lowered from above the large-sized crushed object 200, the carbide core 221a of the primary contact portion 221 Hit it to first split the rock. At this time, medium-sized crushed objects (hereinafter referred to as "residual crushed objects") remain below the recess 24, but the ridgeline 222a of the secondary contact area 222 contacts the residual crushed objects following the primary split rock. , the remaining crushed material is struck to create secondary cracks. In this way, the rock splitting process is performed in two stages.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a dividing method using the dividing tool shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C and FIG. 2, and shows a partial cross section corresponding to the section taken along line III-III in FIG. 1C. . The upper end of the shaft member 3 of the small-splitting tool 1 is attached to the breaker body, and with the small-splitting tool 1 attached to the construction vehicle 100, a worker operates the construction vehicle 100 to large-split the material. The small cutting tool 1 is positioned above 200. When the worker operates the construction vehicle 100 and the small-splitting tool 1 approaches the large-sized crushed material 200 from above, the carbide core 221a of the primary contact portion 221 comes into contact with the large-sized crushed material 200. Then, while the plurality of carbide cores 221a are in contact with the large-sized crushed material 200, an external force applied to the carbide core 221a from the breaker body via the shaft member 3 is applied to the large-sized crushed material 200. That is, the shaft member 3 uses the above-mentioned external force to cause the plurality of crushing parts 22 to impact the large-sized crushed material 200 at mutually different positions. As a result, by stably striking the large-sized crushed material 200, the large-sized crushed material 200 can be primarily divided into rocks as shown in FIG. 3(a). At this time, residual crushed material 201 remains below the recess 24, but it is secondarily split in the following manner.

When the worker continues to operate the construction vehicle 100 to lower the slicing tool 1, the crushing part 22 comes close to cover the remaining crushed material 201 from above, and the two The ridgeline 222a of the next contact portion 222 contacts the remaining crushed material. Then, while the plurality of ridgelines 222a are in contact with the residual crushed material 201, an external force applied from the breaker body to the ridgeline 222a is applied to the residual crushed material 201. That is, the plurality of ridge lines 222a strike the residual crushed material 201 at different positions using the external force. As a result, the remaining crushed material 201 is stably hit to break the remaining crushed material 201 as shown in FIG. 3(b) (secondary broken rock). As is clear from FIGS. 3(b) and 3(c), the position where the ridge line 222a contacts the residual crushed material 201 is displaced inside the recess space 24 as the slitting tool 1 descends, Secondary splitting is done continuously.

As described above, in this embodiment, not only the primary rock splitting is performed in the same way as in the conventional technology, but also the secondary rock splitting is performed subsequently. can be divided into smaller pieces more efficiently.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, in the above embodiment, the three crushing parts 22 are arranged radially around the lower end of the central through hole 25 when viewed from above when viewing the base 2 from below, but the number of crushing parts 22 and The arrangement mode is not limited to this, but the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained by distributing at least three or more crushing parts 22 so as to surround the lower end of the central through hole 25. .

In addition, considering that the tip of the crushing part 22 is worn out due to the impact of the large crushed material 200 by the crushing part 22, instead of attaching the carbide core 221a, the crushing part 22 is may be configured in a divided structure.

Further, in the above embodiment, the pedestal 2 is circular in plan view, but the planar shape of the pedestal 2 is not limited to this. For example, a rectangular pedestal in plan view may be used as the pedestal 2. good.

Further, in the embodiment described above, the secondary abutting portion 222 is configured such that the ridgeline 222a is a straight line, but the secondary abutting portion 222 may be configured such that the ridgeline 222a is a curved line.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the large-sized crushed objects 200 generated at a rock excavation site are to be crushed, but when crushing large-sized crushed objects generated at other sites, such as road demolition sites and building demolition sites, etc. By using the slicing tool according to the present invention, the slicing work can be carried out efficiently.

The present invention can be applied to all small-splitting techniques for dividing large-sized crushed materials produced when crushing objects such as bedrock, rocks, and concrete structures into smaller pieces.

1...Small cutting tool 2...Pedestal 21...Top surface (of the pedestal) 22...Crushing part 23...Bottom surface (of the pedestal) 24...Concave part (lower space)
200...Large crushed material 201...Remaining crushed material 221...Primary contact area 222...Secondary contact area 222a...Ridge line Z...Vertical direction

Claims (4)

A tool for dividing large pieces into small pieces,
a pedestal that can be approached while covering the large-sized crushed material from above;
At least three or more crushing parts projecting downward at positions radially apart from the center of the lower surface of the pedestal on the lower surface of the pedestal,
Each of the crushing parts has a primary abutting part and a secondary abutting part,
The primary contact portion protrudes downward, and as the pedestal approaches the large-sized crushed material from above the large-sized crushed material, the primary contact portion hits the large-sized crushed material to primarily split the rock;
The secondary contact portion is formed with a ridgeline extending from the primary contact portion to the center of the lower surface, and extends from the primary contact portion to the pedestal such that the ridgeline faces the space below the center of the lower surface. As the pedestal approaches the residual crushed material remaining below the lower space after the primary rock splitting, the ridgeline hits the residual crushed material to cause a secondary rock splitting.
A small cutting tool characterized by: The slicing tool according to claim 1,
The crushing part and the pedestal are integrally constituted of a small-splitting tool. The slicing tool according to claim 1,
The distance between each of the crushing parts and the center part of the lower surface is all equal. A method for dividing a large crushed material into small pieces using the dividing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
arranging the small-splitting tool above the large-sized crushed material;
By applying a downward external force to the pedestal, the large crushed material is struck at the primary contact area to be primarily split, and the remaining crushed material remaining below the lower space after the primary splitting is and a step of causing the residual crushed material to be secondarily split by the ridge line.

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