CN219826718U - Pneumatic drill bit with shearing and crushing functions - Google Patents
Pneumatic drill bit with shearing and crushing functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN219826718U CN219826718U CN202023304378.0U CN202023304378U CN219826718U CN 219826718 U CN219826718 U CN 219826718U CN 202023304378 U CN202023304378 U CN 202023304378U CN 219826718 U CN219826718 U CN 219826718U
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model relates to an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function, which is provided with a plurality of working surfaces which are distributed front and back according to the drilling direction, and forms a front-most working surface and at least one non-front working surface; the working surface at the forefront end is composed of a front end cutter set, and the non-front end working surface behind the working surface at the forefront end is composed of a non-front end cutter set; the front end cutter set is used for drilling a drill groove, and the non-front end cutter set is used for drilling near the rear opening edge of the drill groove, providing force to the rear opening edge of the drill groove in the direction of the drill groove to form shearing damage and enlarging the rear opening of the drill groove. According to the pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions, through the design that the working faces distributed front and back have the distance difference, the drill groove formed by the working face on the rear side facing the working face on the front side can be sheared and crushed at the edge of the rear opening, and the crushing efficiency is greatly improved; the design is ingenious, the drilling speed is high, and the energy consumption is relatively low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of rock drilling equipment, in particular to an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function.
Background
The traditional impact rock drill bit comprises three main processes of punching, turning and slag removal during operation, wherein the punching operation damages rock and completes drilling of the rock. The destruction mechanism and process are as follows:
1. jump-in damage: when the external load acting on the bit cutter is increased, the rock is elastically deformed at first, and the depth of the cutter extending in is increased; however, when the external load is increased to a certain value, the penetration depth is rapidly increased, and the load is reduced to generate first jump-in damage; when the load increases thereafter, the penetration increases with the pressure; when it reaches a certain value, the second jump-in damage will occur, and the drill bit cutter is made to penetrate into the rock, and the rock contacted with the cutter is sheared and crushed to form nicks and rock powder.
2. Generating a bearing core: the jump-in damage in the first step causes rock powder to be generated when the cutter stretches into the rock part, and the rock powder and the rock at the lower part form a pressure bearing core for preventing the cutter; its formation changes the boundary conditions of the tool acting on the rock and thus changes the stress distribution inside the rock.
3. Forming a crushing funnel; when the cutter invades the rock to generate jump-in damage, the cutter and rock powder apply pressure to the outside to form small-range shearing damage on the surface of the rock and form fine shearing breaking particles, and a funnel-shaped breaking pit called a breaking funnel is formed on the rock; the apex angle of the hopper is not changed much, and is generally 120-150 degrees, regardless of the type of the ram, the invasion mode and the rock type.
The impact failure mechanism of the above rock also follows the rock strength and failure mechanism, and according to the rock strength and failure mechanism, the rock strength includes compressive strength (uniaxial compressive strength and triaxial compressive strength), shear strength (including direct shear strength, biaxial shear strength and triaxial shear strength), tensile strength. Wherein the intensity is as follows: triaxial compressive strength, uniaxial compressive strength, triaxial shear strength, direct shear strength, and tensile strength. The uniaxial compressive strength of the rock is 10-15 times of the direct shear strength and the tensile strength, and the triaxial compressive strength and the triaxial shear strength are increased along with the increase of external force and are obviously larger than the uniaxial compressive strength and the uniaxial shear strength.
The rock breaking mechanism described above illustrates that the rock is compression resistant, shear resistant and tensile less. For this reason, if it is desired to break the rock, it is preferable to use shearing break and pulling break to reduce the pressure break.
The impact drill bit is used for drilling the rock, belongs to triaxial compression damage under the condition of cohesive force wrapping of the rock, and can not generate integral compression damage and shearing damage on the rock due to the protection of the cohesive force of the rock, only a small amount of rock can be crushed by impact pressure to form rock powder, and a crushing funnel is generated by the extrusion periphery of the rock powder and the cutter, so that the effect of damaging the rock by single impact is very low, and the drilling tool can drill the rock only by reciprocating impact damage. Because of this, the percussive drill has slow drilling speed, high energy consumption and high requirements on cutter strength.
The conventional percussion drill bit is a common straight alloy sheet bit, a cross-shaped alloy sheet bit, a spherical stud bit, a reamer bit and the like. The rock drilling mode adopts the impact damage mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions, and the design that the working faces distributed front and back have the distance difference can enable the working face positioned at the rear side to shear and crush the side wall of the groove formed by the working face positioned at the front side, so that the crushing efficiency is greatly improved; the design is ingenious, the drilling speed is high, and the energy consumption is relatively low.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions, and is characterized in that: the drilling machine comprises a plurality of working surfaces which are distributed front and back according to the drilling direction, and a front-most working surface and at least one non-front working surface are formed; the working surface at the forefront end is composed of a front end cutter set, and the non-front end working surface behind the working surface at the forefront end is composed of a non-front end cutter set; the front end cutter set is used for drilling a drill groove, and the non-front end cutter set is used for drilling near the rear opening edge of the drill groove, providing force to the rear opening edge of the drill groove in the direction of the drill groove to form shearing damage and enlarging the rear opening of the drill groove.
Further, when the front end cutter group acts on the drilled part, a crushing funnel is formed, the crushing funnel is a crack which is diffused forwards and outwards, fragments are formed at the drilled part by the crushing funnel, and a new front end of the drill groove is formed after the fragments fall off.
Further, when the non-front end cutter set acts on the position near the edge of the rear opening of the drill groove, a shear fracture crack is formed, wherein the shear fracture crack is a crack which mainly diffuses to the inner wall of the drill groove, fragments are formed at the edge of the rear opening of the drill groove by the shear fracture crack, and a new rear opening of the drill groove is formed after the fragments fall off.
Further, the air drill bit further comprises a cutter mounting seat; the front end cutter set and the non-front end cutter set are both arranged at the front end of the cutter mounting seat.
Further, the front end cutter set and the non-front end cutter set are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and from front to back.
Further, the front end cutter set and the non-front end cutter set are sequentially arranged from outside to inside from front to back.
Further, the front end cutter set includes at least one cutter.
Further, the front end cutter group comprises a plurality of cutters, and the plurality of cutters are regularly distributed.
Further, the non-front end cutter set includes at least one cutter.
Further, the non-front end cutter set comprises a plurality of cutters, and the plurality of cutters are regularly distributed.
The utility model has the advantages that: according to the pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions, through the design that the working faces distributed front and back have the distance difference, the drill groove formed by the working face on the rear side facing the working face on the front side can be sheared and crushed at the edge of the rear opening, and the crushing efficiency is greatly improved; the design is ingenious, the drilling speed is high, and the energy consumption is relatively low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the drilling principle of the pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions according to the first to third embodiments;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to the first embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to the first embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic left-hand view of an air drill bit with shear crushing function according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a second embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a second embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with shear crushing function according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic bottom view of an air drill bit with shear crushing function according to the third embodiment;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the drilling principle of the pneumatic drill bit with the shear crushing function according to the fourth to seventh embodiments;
fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shear crushing function according to a fourth embodiment;
fig. 15 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with a shear crushing function according to a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a schematic bottom view of an air drill bit with shear crushing function according to the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 16;
fig. 18 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a fifth embodiment;
fig. 19 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a fifth embodiment;
fig. 20 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a sixth embodiment;
fig. 21 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function according to a sixth embodiment;
fig. 22 is a schematic perspective view of an air drill bit with a shear crushing function according to a seventh embodiment;
fig. 23 is a schematic front view of an air drill bit with a shear crushing function according to a seventh embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, which are only for the purpose of illustrating the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.
The following embodiments provide an air drill bit with a shearing and crushing function, which is provided with a plurality of working surfaces 1 distributed back and forth along the drilling direction to form a front-most working surface and at least one non-front working surface; the front-most working surface 1 is composed of a front-end cutter group 2, and the non-front-end working surface behind the front-most working surface is composed of a non-front-end cutter group 3; the front end cutter set 2 is used for drilling a drill groove 4, the non-front end cutter set 3 is used for drilling near the rear opening edge of the drill groove 4, providing force to the rear opening edge of the drill groove 4 in the direction of the drill groove to form shearing damage, and enlarging the rear opening of the drill groove 4; at least one tool is used for both the front end tool set 2 and the non-front end tool set 3.
In the air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions provided in the following embodiments, when the front end cutter set 2 acts on a drilled part, a crushing funnel 5 is formed, the crushing funnel is a crack which spreads forwards and around, fragments are formed at the drilled part by the crushing funnel, and the fragments fall off to form a new front end of a drill groove 4; the crushing hopper is formed by the existing drilling mode (percussion drilling).
In the pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions provided in the following embodiments, when the non-front end cutter set 3 acts on a position near the edge of the rear opening of the drill groove, a shearing damage crack 6 is formed, wherein the shearing damage crack is a crack mainly diffused to the inner wall of the drill groove 4, fragments are formed at the edge of the rear opening of the drill groove 4 by the shearing damage crack, and the fragments fall off to form a new rear opening of the drill groove 4.
In the pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions provided in the following embodiments, the pneumatic drill bit further comprises a cutter mounting seat 9; the front end cutter set 2 and the non-front end cutter set 3 are both arranged at the front end of the cutter mounting seat 9.
In practical application, the cutter can be in any existing drill bit form, including but not limited to a cutter with a straight alloy sheet (hereinafter referred to as a straight cutter), a cutter with two parallel straight alloy sheets (hereinafter referred to as parallel cutters), a cutter with a cross-shaped alloy sheet (hereinafter referred to as a cross-shaped cutter), a cutter with a square plane on a working surface (hereinafter referred to as a square cutter), a cutter with a round head on a working surface (hereinafter referred to as a round head cutter), and a cutter with a wedge-shaped working surface (hereinafter referred to as a wedge-shaped cutter); when a plurality of cutters are used, the front end cutter set 2 or the non-front end cutter set 3 may be any combination of the same or different kinds of cutters.
Since the impact damage is performed by the round-head tool, the front-end tool set 2 for mainly performing the impact damage is preferably a round-head tool, and a combination of a round-head tool and other tools is also preferable.
The non-front end cutter set 3 which mainly performs shearing damage can be selected according to actual conditions:
when the front end cutter set 2 and the non-front end cutter set 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside from front to back, the non-front end cutter set 3 is preferably a straight cutter, a parallel cutter, a cross cutter, a wedge cutter and a square cutter with specific damage directions, wherein the specific damage directions are mainly directions of damage in a drill groove, so that the cutters act on the edge of an opening of the drill groove to form shearing damage, and therefore, the non-front end cutter set 3 is further preferably a straight cutter, a parallel cutter and a wedge cutter, and is further preferably a wedge cutter; since the cutter generally performs a rotary impact operation, the cutting edge of the wedge cutter is generally located on the outer peripheral side of the region to be machined, so that the inclined surface of the wedge cutter can be directed toward the inside of the drill groove and always kept in the direction toward the inside of the drill groove as the drill rotates.
When the front end cutter set 2 and the non-front end cutter set 3 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside from front to back, the non-front end cutter set 3 can be selected at will, the non-front end cutter set 3 in the non-middle area can be selected according to the non-front end cutter set 3 in the upper section, and the non-front end cutter set 3 in the middle area forms a boss shape due to the impact position of the non-front end cutter set 3, so the non-front end cutter set 3 in the middle area is preferably a round head cutter, the impact force of the round head cutter can be diffused to the periphery at the center position of the rear end face of the boss, the outer wall side of the boss is further achieved, and the shearing function can be fully realized.
According to the specific designs of the front end cutter set 2, the non-front end cutter set 3, and the cutter mount 9 described above, specific schemes of embodiments one to seven are given:
example 1
Referring to fig. 2 to 7, the air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions provided in this embodiment has three working surfaces, the front end cutter set 2 and the non-front end cutter set 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside from front to back, the front end of the cutter mounting seat 9 is cylindrical, the first set of non-front end cutter set 3 is mounted at the front end position of the cylindrical side surface of the cutter mounting seat 9, and the second set of non-front end cutter set 3 is mounted at the position where the front end surface of the cylindrical side surface of the cutter mounting seat 9 is close to the periphery; the middle area of the front end surface of the cylinder of the cutter mounting seat 9 is protruded forwards to form a protruding part; the front end cutter set 2 is arranged on the protruding part; the front end cutter set 2 specifically comprises three bulb cutters which are uniformly and regularly distributed along the circumference of the protruding part, and the heads of the bulb cutters are slightly inclined outwards; the three ball head cutters form a front working surface, and when drilling is carried out on a drilled part, a drilling groove is formed in an impact mode; the second group of non-front end cutter groups specifically comprises two wedge-shaped cutters which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the front end surface of the cylinder, the front ends of the wedge-shaped cutters are provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges are arranged at one side of the wedge-shaped cutters far away from the center of the cylinder and generally correspond to the excircle of the front end surface of the cylinder; the first group of non-front end cutter groups also comprises two wedge-shaped cutters which are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the front end surface of the cylinder, the front ends of the wedge-shaped cutters are provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges are also arranged on one side, far away from the center of the cylinder, of the wedge-shaped cutters; a slag discharging area 8 is formed between two wedge-shaped cutters of the first group of non-front-end drills in a corresponding sector area positioned outside the cylinder; the inner side of the cutter mounting seat 9 is also provided with a waterway 7; the waterway 7 is provided with an opening at the center of the top end of the boss, an opening is provided at one side of the boss near the second set of non-front-end bits, and an opening is provided at one side of the boss near the first set of non-front-end bits.
Example two
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions provided in this embodiment has two working surfaces, a front end cutter set 2 and a non-front end cutter set 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside from front to back, the front end of a cutter mounting seat 9 is cylindrical, and the cylindrical is cut back from the end surface in parallel and symmetrical left and right lines; cutting off the area where part is positioned as a slag discharging area; the non-front end cutter group 3 is arranged at a position, close to the periphery, of the front end surface of the cutter mounting seat 9; the middle area of the front end surface of the cylinder of the cutter mounting seat 9 is protruded forwards to form a protruding part; the front end cutter set 2 is arranged on the protruding part; the front end cutter set 2 specifically comprises two bulb cutters which are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the front end of the protruding part, and the heads of the bulb cutters are slightly inclined outwards; the two ball head cutters form a front working surface, and when drilling is carried out on a drilled part, a drilling groove is formed; the fragments are discharged from the interval between the drill bits; the first group of non-front end cutter groups specifically comprises two wedge-shaped cutters which are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the front end surface of the cylinder, the front ends of the wedge-shaped cutters are provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges are arranged on one side, far away from the center of the cylinder, of the wedge-shaped cutters and generally correspond to the excircle of the front end surface of the cylinder; the inner side of the cutter mounting seat 9 is also provided with a waterway 7; the waterway 7 is provided with an opening at the center of the top end of the boss, and an opening is provided at one side of the boss near the non-front end drill bit.
Example III
Referring to fig. 10 to 12, the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the front end cutter set 2 specifically comprises two ball-end cutters and two wedge-shaped cutters; the two ball head cutters are symmetrically distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the front end face of the protruding part, the two wedge-shaped cutters are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the front end face of the protruding part, the front ends of the group of wedge-shaped cutters are provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges are arranged on one side, far away from the center of the cylinder, of the wedge-shaped cutters and generally correspond to the outer circle of the front end face of the protruding part; the other is the same as in the first embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principles of the air drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions of the first to third embodiments are generally consistent, in the drilling process, the front end cutter set 2 drills the drilled position first, the front end cutter set generally adopts a ball end cutter, the acting force of the ball end cutter irradiates forwards and around, the drilled position is impacted to generate a crushing funnel, fragments are formed and fall off under the impact action of the drilled position to form a drill groove, the drill groove is deepened along with continuous impact, when the non-front end cutter set contacts with the rear opening edge of the drill groove, the drill bit adopted by the non-front end cutter set can provide a force in a specific direction, when the wedge cutter is designed as the wedge cutter of the first to third embodiments drills, the wedge cutter impacts the rear opening edge of the drill groove through a cutting edge, and provides shearing force to the inner wall of the drill groove through a wedge, so as to form shearing and breaking cracks, and further form fragments to fall off.
Example IV
As shown in fig. 14 to 17, the air drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions provided in the present embodiment has three working surfaces, the front end cutter set 2 and the non-front end cutter set 3 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside from front to back, the front end of the cutter mounting seat 9 is cylindrical, and the central area of the front end surface of the cylinder is recessed inwards to form a groove; the groove is arranged in a counter bore type, and the front section and the rear section of the counter bore type groove are cylindrical, so that the groove is provided with a step surface and a rear end surface; the first group of non-front end cutter groups 3 are arranged in the central area of the rear end surface, and the second group of non-front end cutter groups 3 are arranged on the step surface; the front end cutter group 2 is arranged at a position, close to the periphery, of the front end surface of the cylinder; the front end cutter set 2 specifically comprises four ball-end cutters and four wedge-shaped cutters; the four ball head cutters and the four wedge-shaped cutters are uniformly distributed (the ball head cutters are distributed on the upper left, the lower left, the upper right and the lower right); wherein the front end of the wedge-shaped cutter is provided with cutting edges, wherein the cutting edges of one group of two symmetrical wedge-shaped cutters (upper left and lower right) are arranged on one side of the wedge-shaped cutter away from the center of the cylinder and generally correspond to the outer circle of the front end surface of the cylinder, and the cutting edges of the other group of two symmetrical wedge-shaped cutters (lower left and upper right) are arranged on one side of the wedge-shaped cutter close to the center of the cylinder and generally correspond to the inner circle (front opening edge of the groove) of the front end surface of the cylinder; the second group of non-front end cutter groups specifically comprises two square cutters which are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the step surface; the first group of non-front end cutter groups comprises a ball cutter; a through hole leading to the outer side of the cutter mounting seat 9 is further formed at the position where the rear end surface of the groove is combined with the inner wall of the groove and is used as a slag discharging area 8; the inner side of the cutter mounting seat 9 is also provided with a waterway 7; the waterway 7 is provided with an opening in a region of the rear end face of the groove near the outer periphery, and an opening is provided on the step face.
Example five
The present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that: the front end of the tool mount 9 is cylindrical and is cut back from the end face in parallel and symmetrical left and right lines; cutting off the area where part is positioned as a slag discharging area; the central area of the front end face of the cylinder is inwards recessed to form a groove; the groove is arranged in a counter bore mode, the front section of the counter bore groove is in a round table shape, the rear section of the counter bore groove is in a cylindrical shape, and the groove is provided with an inclined plane and a rear end face; the front end cutter set 2 specifically comprises four ball-end cutters; the four ball-end cutters are symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical top surface (specifically, the upper middle is far left, the upper middle is far right, the lower middle is far left, and the lower middle is far right) of the cutter mounting seat 9 after cutting, and the second group of non-front-end cutter groups 3 are arranged on the inclined surface; the waterway 7 is provided with an opening at the position of the inclined plane close to the front end; the other is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
Example six
The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that: the front end cutter set 2 comprises two wedge-shaped cutters in addition to four ball-end cutters; the two wedge-shaped cutters are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the front end surface of the cutter mounting seat, one wedge-shaped cutter is positioned between the two ball-end cutters on the upper side, and the other wedge-shaped cutter is positioned between the two ball-end cutters on the lower side; the front ends of the wedge-shaped cutters are provided with cutting edges which are arranged on one side of the wedge-shaped cutters away from the center of the cylinder and generally correspond to the excircle of the front end surface of the cylinder; the other is the same as in the fifth embodiment.
Example seven
The pneumatic drill bit with the shearing and crushing functions is provided with two working surfaces, wherein the front end cutter group 2 and the non-front end cutter group 3 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside from front to back, the front end of the cutter mounting seat 9 is cylindrical, and the cylindrical cutter is cut backwards from the end surface in parallel and symmetrical left and right lines; cutting off the area where part is positioned as a slag discharging area; the central area of the front end face of the cut cylinder is recessed inwards to form a groove; the groove is cylindrical, so that the groove has a rear end face; the front end cutter set 2 is arranged at a position, close to the periphery, of the front end surface of the cylinder; the front end cutter set 2 comprises four ball cutters, the four ball cutters are symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical top surface (specifically, the upper side middle is far left, the upper side middle is far right, the lower side middle is far left and the lower side middle is far right) of the cutter mounting seat 9 after cutting, and the non-front end cutter set 3 comprises one ball cutter; after the cylinder is cut, the grooves form openings on the left side and the right side to serve as slag discharging areas; the waterway 7 is provided with an opening in a region of the rear end face of the groove near the outer periphery.
Referring to fig. 13, the principles of the wind drill bit with shearing and crushing functions in the fourth to seventh embodiments are generally consistent, in the drilling process, the front end cutter set 2 drills the drilled position first, the front end cutter set mainly adopts the ball head cutter to perform slotting, and can also be matched with the wedge cutter to assist slotting, the acting force of the ball head cutter radiates forwards and around, the wedge cutter applies radial outward or inward force (the direction of force is determined by the direction of the inclined plane of the wedge cutter) to the drilled position, so that the drilled position generates a crushing funnel (when the wedge cutter is matched with the ball head cutter, fragments of the crushing funnel generated by the ball head cutter can be cleaned, so that the ball head cutter is beneficial to form a new crushing funnel, so that the drilling speed is accelerated, fragments are formed and fall off under the impact action of the drilled position, an annular drilling groove is formed, and the drilling groove deepens along with continuous impact; when the non-front end cutter set contacts with the inner edge of the rear opening of the annular drill groove, as in the case of adopting the square cutters of the fourth embodiment or the sixth embodiment, the square cutters can provide shearing force towards the inner wall of the drill groove through impact and extrusion, so that shearing damage cracks are formed at the inner edge of the rear opening of the annular drill groove, fragments are formed and fall off, and as in the case of adopting the ball head cutter of the seventh embodiment, a boss is formed (for example, a rock core column is formed when the periphery of the drilled part of the inner ring of the annular drill groove is hollow), at the moment, the ball head cutter is adopted to provide forward and circumferential extrusion force for the center of the boss (the rock core column), so that the outer wall of the boss (the inner ring of the annular drill groove) is easily sheared to the periphery to form shearing damage cracks, fragments fall off, and the breaking is easier compared with the existing frontal impact.
The design idea of the embodiment is that the principle that the rear edge of the drilled groove at the drilled position is more easily sheared and broken is utilized, the shearing force is preferentially provided for the rear edge of the drilled groove at the drilled position through the distribution of cutters, and a plurality of working surfaces can form the plane at the drilled position into a multi-layer edge (similar to steps), so that a drilling mode mainly based on shearing and breaking is formed, the breaking easiness and the breaking efficiency are greatly improved, the conventional impact breaking is changed into a mode mainly based on shearing and breaking, the grooves are manufactured through the front end cutter group, the edges of the grooves are broken through the multi-layer non-front end cutter group, the drilled position is broken through a smart force, and the energy consumption is further reduced.
The above embodiments should not limit the present utility model in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. Air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions, and is characterized in that: the drilling machine comprises a plurality of working surfaces which are distributed front and back according to the drilling direction, and a front-most working surface and at least one non-front working surface are formed; the working surface at the forefront end is composed of a front end cutter set, and the non-front end working surface behind the working surface at the forefront end is composed of a non-front end cutter set; the front end cutter set is used for drilling a drill groove, and the non-front end cutter set is used for drilling near the rear opening edge of the drill groove, providing force to the rear opening edge of the drill groove in the direction of the drill groove to form shearing damage and enlarging the rear opening of the drill groove.
2. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions as recited in claim 1, wherein: when the front end cutter group acts on the drilled part, a crushing funnel is formed, the crushing funnel is a crack which is diffused forwards and towards the periphery, fragments are formed at the drilled part by the crushing funnel, and the fragments fall off to form a new front end of the drill groove.
3. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the non-front end cutter group acts on the position near the edge of the rear opening of the drill groove, a shear damage crack is formed, the shear damage crack is a crack which mainly diffuses to the inner wall of the drill groove, fragments are formed at the edge of the rear opening of the drill groove by the shear damage crack, and a new rear opening of the drill groove is formed after the fragments fall off.
4. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions according to claim 3, wherein: the air drill bit further comprises a cutter mounting seat; the front end cutter set and the non-front end cutter set are both arranged at the front end of the cutter mounting seat.
5. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions as recited in claim 4, wherein: the front end cutter set and the non-front end cutter set are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and from front to back.
6. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions as recited in claim 4, wherein: the front end cutter set and the non-front end cutter set are sequentially arranged from outside to inside from front to back.
7. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the front end cutter set includes at least one cutter.
8. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the front end cutter group comprises a plurality of cutters which are regularly distributed.
9. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the non-front end cutter set includes at least one cutter.
10. The air drill bit with shearing and crushing functions according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the non-front end cutter group comprises a plurality of cutters which are regularly distributed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023304378.0U CN219826718U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Pneumatic drill bit with shearing and crushing functions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023304378.0U CN219826718U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Pneumatic drill bit with shearing and crushing functions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219826718U true CN219826718U (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023304378.0U Active CN219826718U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Pneumatic drill bit with shearing and crushing functions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219826718U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202023304378.0U patent/CN219826718U/en active Active
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