JP7391790B2 - 女性用衛生パッド及び着用者の皮膚から微生物を隔離するための方法 - Google Patents
女性用衛生パッド及び着用者の皮膚から微生物を隔離するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/53035—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of cotton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530802—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the foam or sponge other than superabsorbent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
- A61F2013/53908—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers with adhesive
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Description
「製品のアレイ」は、構造及び/又は組成において互いに実質的に異なり、共通の商標に関連して、共通の取引経路又は異なる取引経路での販売用に同時に提供される、少なくとも第1及び第2の製品を意味し、各製品は、その製品の特定の構造及び/又は構成によって満たされる特定の必要性、目的、又は要望に対処するために製品が提供されるという効果に対して、購入者に対処される情報を含むか、若しくはそれに関連付けられている。
図1及び図2Aを参照すると、女性用衛生パッド10は、液体透過性トップシート20と、液体不透過性バックシート30と、トップシートとバックシートとの間に配設された吸収性層40と、を含むことができる。この吸収性層は、周辺部41を有する。外周部41の外側の領域では、トップシート及びバックシートは、接着剤結合、熱接着、圧力結合などを含むがこれらに限定されない任意の好適な機構によって、積層された様式で一緒に結合されてもよく、それによって、トップシート20とバックシート30との間の適所に吸収性層40を維持及び保持することができる。パッド10は、パッドの主部分よりも相対的に大きい幅寸法によって外周部41の外側に横方向に延在する対向するウィング部分15を含んでもよい。主部分及びウィング部分の下面を形成するバックシートの外側表面は、その上に接着剤35の堆積物を有してもよい。接着剤堆積物35は、ユーザがパッドをその股領域内のパンツの内側に接着させて、ウィング部分を下着の脚部開口部の内側縁部を通って、かつその周りにラップ部分を包み、それらを股部領域の下着の外側/下側に接着させることを可能にするために提供され、補助保持支持体を提供し、下着の脚縁部を汚すことから保護することを助けることができる。パッド10がパッケージ化されると、接着剤堆積物35は、剥離フィルム又は紙の1枚以上のシート(図示せず)によって被覆されてもよく、これは、ユーザが剥離フィルム又は紙を除去し、使用のためにパッドを配置するまで、接着剤堆積物35を覆う/遮蔽する。
トップシート20は、任意の好適な親水性不織布ウェブ材料から形成され得る。再び図を参照すると、トップシート20は、吸収性層40の着用者に面する表面に隣接して位置付けられ、任意の好適な取り付け又は結合方法によって、そこに及びバックシート30に接合され得る。トップシート20及びバックシート30は、吸収性層40の周辺部41の外側の周辺領域において互いに直接接合され得、吸収性層の着用者に面する表面及び外方に面する表面、又はパッドに含まれる追加の任意選択的な層に直接接合することによって間接的に接合され得る。
いくつかの例では、吸収性層40は、吸収性連続気泡発泡体材料の層から形成されてもよく、又はこれを含んでもよい。いくつかの例では、発泡体材料は、吸収性連続気泡発泡体材料の少なくとも第1及び第2の副層40a、40b(図2B)を含んでもよく、副層は、互いに直接向かい合わせに接触している。このような例では、以下でより詳細に説明する目的のために、着用者に面する副層は、相対的により大きな気泡発泡体材料であってもよく、外方に面する副層は、相対的により小さな気泡発泡体材料であってもよい。
水性流体の吸収性/親水性構造体の親和性及び吸収性は、部分的に、その毛管吸収圧によって特徴付けることができる。毛管吸収圧(capillary absorption pressure、CAP)は、以下に記載される毛管作業ポテンシャル測定方法の工程に従って測定することができる。これは、構造体が水性流体中に引き込まれる傾向の大きさを反映する値である。吸収性構造体対飽和レベルのCAPのプロットが、(流体の吸収の最初に)初期最大値を有し、構造体が流体中に引き込まれ、その完全な吸収能力、すなわち、完全飽和に近づくにつれて減少することが理解されよう。
バックシート30は、吸収性層40の外方に面する表面に隣接して位置付けることができ、任意の好適な取り付け方法によってこの面に接合することができる。例えば、バックシート30は、均一な連続層の接着剤、パターン層の接着剤、又は独立した線、螺旋若しくは点の配列の接着剤によって、吸収性層40に固定されてもよい。代替的に、取り付け方法は、熱結合、圧力結合、超音波結合、動的機械的結合、若しくは他の任意の好適な取り付け機構、又はこれらの組み合わせを含んでもよい。他の実施例では、吸収性層40が、バックシート30に直接接合されないことが企図される。
更に、驚くべきことに、綿系トップシートを有する女性用衛生パッド内の再湿潤特性は、トップシートから離れたパッドの位置において、排出された経血によって支持される任意の微生物を除去及び/又は隔離することの使用における効果を有するように、本明細書に記載されるような構造体の材料並びにアセンブリの選択を介して、操作され得ることが発見された。これは、一部の消費者によって所望され得、有益な審美性(例えば、臭気制御)、皮膚の健康及び/又は生殖器の健康効果を有し得る。以下に記載される微生物隔離測定法に従って試験/測定したときに、以下の範囲内の値を呈するように、本明細書に記載される構造体内の選択された材料から、女性用衛生パッド構造体を組み立てることができることを発見した:
CFUmean、黄色ブドウ球菌(S.aureus):約3.8超であるが、約5.2未満、
CFUmean、大腸菌(E.coli):約2.6超であるが、約3.5未満、並びに
CFUmean、カンジダ・アルビカンス(C.albicans);約2.3超であるが、約5.2未満、及び
CFUavg:約2.9超であるが、約4.6未満である。
微生物の隔離測定
この微生物隔離測定法は、定義された条件下で再湿潤することによってトップシートに移動することができる、選択された培養微生物の量を測定し、この測定は、任意の特定の構造体の吸収性物品が微生物を隔離することができる程度を反映し、その増殖は、排出された月経液によって、トップシートの着用者に面する表面から離れた位置で支持され、それによって、このような微生物の着用者の皮膚への移動が低減される。特定の微生物種を含有する人工月経液(Artificial Menstrual Fluid、AMF;以下に記載されるように調製された)量を、吸収性物品に一連の投入量で導入し、各連続投入量は、前の投入量が吸収された20分後に開始する。このような投入に続いて、濾紙を使用して移送手順を行う。次いで、濾紙を、既知の体積の栄養素ブロス(以下に記載されるように調製されたTween及びレシチン(Modified Letheen Broth with Tween and Lecithin、MLBTL)を有する改変Letheen Broth)と、ストマッカーにおいて特定の時間にわたって配合する。得られたストマッカー処理されたMLBTLのアリコートを生理食塩水で希釈して希釈系列を作成し、この希釈系列のうち、2~3個の希釈勾配をペトリ皿に添加し、硬化するまで焼き戻しされた栄養培地で分散させる。プレートを反転させ、特定の時間インキュベートした後、存在するコロニーを計数する。試験前に、吸収性物品の試料を、23℃±2℃、及び50%±2%相対湿度で2時間調整する。
人工月経液(AMF)は、脱線維ヒツジ血液、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水、及び粘液成分の混合物から構成される。AMFは、23℃で7.15~8.65センチストークスの粘度を有するように調製される。
ストマッカーで使用される栄養素ブロス(MLBTL)は、特定の追加成分を脱水されたLetheen Broth(Becton,Dickinson and Company,Franklin Lakes,New Jerseyから、DIFCO Letheen Broth,アイテム268110として入手可能、又は等価物)に特定の追加成分を添加することによって調製される。脱水されたLetheen Brothは、25.7gの粉末を1Lの水で再構成させる場合、これらの適切な成分を適切な量で含有しなければならない:5.0gの牛肉抽出物、10.0gのプロテオースペプトンNo.3、5.0gのポリソルベート80(Millipore-Sigma,St.Louis,Missouriから入手可能なTWEEN 80、又は等価物)、0.7gのレシチン、及び5.0gの塩化ナトリウム。
25.7gのLetheen Broth(上記のとおり)
5.0gのトリプトン
10.0gのプロテオースペプトンNo.3
2.0gの酵母抽出物
0.1gの重硫酸ナトリウム
10.0gのポリソルベート80(TWEEN 80)
9.3gのレシチン
細孔容積分布は、試料チャンバ内の試料に、段付きの制御された差圧が適用される際に、該試料の内外への流体移動を測定することによって、多孔質試料内の有効細孔の推定気孔率を決定する。次いで、各圧力で多孔質試料によって吸収/排出される流体の増分及び累積量を決定する。次に、該試料の面積によって正規化された多孔質試料によって行われる作業は、毛管作業ポテンシャルとして計算される。
均一な円筒形細孔について、細孔の半径は、以下の方程式による、細孔を満たす又は空にするために必要とされる差圧に関連し、
差圧=[2γ cosΘ)]/r
式中、γ=液体表面張力、Θ=接触角、r=細孔半径である。
細孔容積分布方法は、23℃±2.0℃の温度かつ50%±2%の相対湿度で維持された部屋内で、少なくとも2時間調整された試料に対して実施され、全ての試験は、同じ環境条件下かつこのような調整された室内で実施される。しわ、裂け目、穴などの欠陥を有する損傷した製品又は試料は、いずれも試験されない。本明細書に記載のとおり調整された試料は、本発明の目的上、乾燥したものと見なされる。試料のどの側が使用中に着用者に面することを意図しているかを判定し、次いで、それを長さ55mm×幅55mmに切断する。試料の質量を測定し、0.1mg単位で記録する。3つの試料が、任意の所与の被試験材料について測定され、これら三通りの結果が平均されて最終的な報告値を得る。
本方法に好適な装置は、「Liquid Porosimetry:New Methodology and Applications」by B.Miller and I.Tyomkin published in The Journal of Colloid and Interface Science(1994),volume 162,pages 163-170に説明されている。更に、0mmH2O~1098mmH2Oの差圧の試料チャンバ圧を制御することができる任意の圧力制御スキームが、この参照で説明される圧力制御サブシステムの代わりに使用されてもよい。好適な全体的な器具類及びソフトウェアの一例は、TRI/Autoporosimeter(Textile Research Institute、TRI)/Princeton Inc.of Princeton,NJ,USA)である。TRI/オートポロシメータ(TRI/Autoporosimeter)は、多孔質材料の細孔容積分布(例えば、有効細孔半径5μm~1200μmの範囲内の異なるサイズの細孔容積)を測定するための自動コンピュータ制御器具である。Automated Instrument Software Releases 2000.1又は2003.1/2005.1若しくは2006.2、又はData Treatment Software Release 2000.1(TRI Princeton Inc.から入手可能)などのコンピュータプログラム、及びスプレッドシートプログラムが、測定されたデータを収集及び解析するために使用され得る。
漏れについてシステムをチェックし、最大試験圧力を以下のように達成することができる。液体弁815を開けて、試料チャンバ810の頂部808を定位置に配置し、チャンバを封止する。(接続部814を介して)チャンバ810に十分な空気圧を加えて、1098mmH2O(5μmの有効細孔半径)の差圧を達成する。液体弁815を閉じた後、試料チャンバを開く。試料805(着用者側を下に向けて)を膜806上に直接配置し、次いで、カバープレート804及び拘束重り803を試料の上で中心に置く。頂部808を交換し、試料チャンバ810を再密閉する。液体弁815を開けて、液体リザーバ802と試料との間の流体の移動を可能にし、予め指定された差圧のシーケンスを通して試験を進行させる。シーケンス全体にわたって各圧力段階で試料によって吸収(又は排出)された流体の量は、0.1mg単位で取り込み量として記録される。
試験シーケンスの吸収及び排液部分の両方の各々の圧力段階における試料の%飽和は、ブランク補正試料取り込み量(mg)で最大ブランク補正試料取り込み量(mg)を割り、次いで100を乗じることによって計算することができる。シーケンス全体にわたって収集されたデータから、当業者は、次いで、任意の所与の毛管吸収圧(CAP)又は毛管脱着(排液)圧(CDP)における%飽和を決定することができる。CAP及びCDPは、任意の指定された%飽和について0.1mmH2O単位で報告される。
累積体積(mm3/mg)=ブランク補正試料取り込み量(mg)/流体密度(g/cm3)/試料の質量(mg)
不織布ウェブ材料の試験試料のキャリパ、又は厚さは、試料が載置される基準プラットフォームと、特定の時間にわたって試料上に特定の量の圧力を加える圧力足部との間の距離として測定される。全ての測定は、23℃±2℃及び相対湿度50%±2%で維持された実験室で実施され、試験試料は、試験前に少なくとも2時間、この環境で調整される。
Claims (15)
- 月経中の女性ユーザの生殖器領域の外部及び近接の領域から微生物を隔離するための方法であって、
第1の女性用衛生パッドを提供する工程と、
前記パッドを、ある期間、下着又は他の保持具内で、月経液を排出する際に月経液を受容するのに好適な位置における、前記ユーザの生殖器領域に近接した位置で着用する工程と、
前記パッドを前記ある期間後に除去して、第2の女性用衛生パッドと交換する工程と、を含み、
前記第1及び前記第2の女性用衛生パッドの各々が、液体透過性トップシートと、液体不透過性バックシートと、前記トップシートと前記バックシートとの間に配設された吸収性層と、を備え、
前記トップシートが、親水性繊維を含む繊維状不織布ウェブ材料を含み、
前記吸収性層が、HIPEの重合によって形成された連続気泡発泡体を含み、
前記トップシート及び前記吸収性層が、互いに直接向かい合わせの関係で配設され、少なくとも15cm2の結合領域内の複数の取り付け点で互いに取り付けられ、
前記トップシートと前記吸収性層との間の前記結合領域内の各々の第1の識別可能な取り付け点が、前記第1の識別可能な取り付け点の6mmの半径内で、前記トップシートと前記吸収性層との間の前記結合領域内に、隣接する第2の識別可能な取り付け点を有し、
前記パッドの各々が、実質的に抗菌剤を含まない、方法。 - 前記トップシートと前記吸収性層との間の取り付けが、前記結合領域内に前記トップシートと前記吸収性層との間に散在した非結合領域を残しつつ、結合領域を形成するように不連続的又は断続的に堆積された接着剤によってもたらされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記不織布ウェブ材料が、植物繊維を含む、請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記不織布ウェブ材料が、綿繊維を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記不織布ウェブ材料が、レーヨン繊維を含む、請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記不織布ウェブ材料が、熱可塑性ポリマー樹脂から紡糸された繊維を含む、請求項3~5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記不織布ウェブ材料が、水流交絡されている、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 相対的により小さな気泡の外方に面する副層と接触して配設された、相対的により大きな気泡の着用者に面する副層を含む、少なくとも2つの吸収性副層を前記吸収性層が含む、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記繊維状不織布ウェブ材料が、CWPDを有し、前記吸収性層が、CWPAを有し、前記CWPAが、前記CWPDよりも大きく、前記吸収性層が、1mm~5mmのキャリパを(湿潤前に)有する、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記CWPAが、少なくとも40mJ/m2だけ、前記CWPDよりも大きい、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維状不織布ウェブ材料が、20gsm~50gsmの坪量を有する、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記繊維状不織布ウェブ材料が、0.20mm~0.60mmのキャリパを有する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維状不織布ウェブ材料が、綿繊維を含み、74kg/m3~110kg/m3の密度を有する、請求項11又は12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記吸収性層が、少なくとも前記結合領域に存在する穿孔の配列を含む、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記女性用衛生パッドが、以下の値のうちの1つ以上:
CFUmean、黄色ブドウ球菌(S.aureus):5.2未満、
CFUmean、大腸菌(E.coli):3.5未満、並びに
CFUmean、カンジダ・アルビカンス(C.albicans):5.2未満、及び/又は
CFUavg :4.6未満、を呈するように更に構成されている、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の方法。
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PCT/CN2019/099778 WO2021022547A1 (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-08-08 | Feminine hygiene pad and method for isolating microorganisms from a wearer's skin |
CNPCT/CN2019/099778 | 2019-08-08 |
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JP2021041145A JP2021041145A (ja) | 2021-03-18 |
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