JP7386055B2 - How to cultivate legumes - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for cultivating legumes.

Conventionally, techniques for cultivating legumes are known. For example, as described in Patent Document 1.

Patent Document 1 describes a method for cultivating soybeans using soil cultivation. In the above cultivation method, soybean seeds are sown in early June in a natural environment, the soybean grains are enlarged from July to August, and then the grains are harvested in mid-October after drying. An example is shown.

In such a method of cultivating legumes, it is desirable to harvest grains of better quality.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-16127

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating leguminous plants that can harvest high-quality grains.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and next, means for solving this problem will be explained.

That is, in claim 1, the legume is grown by hydroponic cultivation, which comprises a rhizosphere low temperature process that keeps the roots of the legume with enlarged grains in a cooled state, and provides a nutrient solution to the legume. In the rhizosphere low temperature step, the water temperature of the nutrient solution is lower than the cultivation temperature, and the water temperature of the nutrient solution is 10°C±5°C.

In claim 2 , the method further comprises a grain enlargement step of enlarging the grains of the legume, and the rhizosphere low temperature step is such that in the grain enlargement step, 60% or more of the grains are enlarged. or when the period of the grain enlargement process has exceeded at least 3 weeks.

In claim 3 , the method further comprises a flower bud forming step of forming grains of the legume, which is performed before the grain enlargement step, and the flower bud forming step is performed when true leaves of the legume are formed. The light applied to the legume per day during the flower bud formation process starts when the flower buds are expanded and ends when the petals of a predetermined amount of all the flower buds fall off or fruit is formed. The irradiation time for this step is shorter than for other steps.

In claim 4 , the legume is soybean.

The present invention has the following effects.

According to claim 1, grains of good quality can be harvested. In addition, hydroponic cultivation allows harvesting of high-quality grains. In addition, high-quality grains can be harvested by using the appropriate water temperature of the nutrient solution used in hydroponic cultivation.

In claim 2 , the rhizosphere low temperature process can be started at an appropriate timing.

In claim 3 , grains can be formed efficiently.

In claim 4 , high quality soybeans can be harvested.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a soybean cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. A flowchart showing the soybean cultivation method. 1 is a table showing room temperature, light period, and nutrient solution water temperature for each step in the soybean cultivation method according to the present embodiment. (a) A table showing experimental results of the soybean cultivation method according to the present embodiment. (b) A table showing experimental results of comparative soybean cultivation methods.

Below, a method for cultivating legumes according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 4.

The cultivation method according to the present embodiment is for cultivating soybean (soybean) A as a leguminous plant. Various varieties of soybean A can be used, such as Fukuyutaka, Enrei, Tsurunoko, and Toyomasari.

Moreover, in the cultivation method according to the present embodiment, soybean A is cultivated not by soil cultivation but by hydroponic cultivation in which a nutrient solution (culture solution) is applied to soybean A. Here, the nutrient solution is a solution in which fertilizer is dissolved in water. As the nutrient solution, for example, a nutrient solution containing various components (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, etc.) mixed in proportions suitable for common plants can be used.

Hydroponic cultivation includes hydroponic cultivation, in which roots grow in a nutrient solution, solid medium cultivation, in which crops are planted in various media instead of soil, and spray cultivation, in which the roots are sprayed with nutrient solution. In this embodiment, especially solid medium cultivation is assumed as hydroponic cultivation. As the solid medium used in solid medium cultivation, various solid mediums such as rock wool, peat moss, and vermiculite can be employed.

The cultivation method according to this embodiment is not carried out in a natural environment such as open field cultivation, but is carried out indoors in a plant factory where the cultivation environment can be controlled. In this embodiment, the plant factory is a completely control type (closed environment type) facility that can control the cultivation environment such as the light intensity and irradiation time, carbon dioxide concentration, cultivation temperature, and humidity using artificial light as the light source. There is.

Below, using FIG. 1, an example of the cultivation device 1 used in the cultivation method according to this embodiment in a plant factory will be described.

The cultivation device 1 is a device for cultivating soybeans A by hydroponic cultivation. The cultivation device 1 can supply a nutrient solution and artificial light to the soybeans A. The cultivation device 1 mainly includes a culture medium section 2, a nutrient solution tank 3, a nutrient solution supply section 4, a cooling section 5, and an irradiation section 6.

The culture medium portion 2 constitutes a culture medium in which soybeans A are planted. The culture medium portion 2 constitutes a region where the roots of soybean A are active, and also makes it possible to store the nutrient solution so that the roots of soybean A can absorb the nutrient solution. The culture medium section 2 has a structure in which a solid culture medium is housed in a predetermined case. The roots of soybean A are supported by the solid medium.

A support member (not shown) for supporting the stems of soybean A and maintaining its posture can be installed in the culture medium section 2. As the support member, an appropriate pillar or the like can be used. Although the illustrated example shows an example in which one (one plant) soybean A is cultivated in the culture medium section 2, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and a plurality of soybeans A may be cultivated.

The nutrient solution tank 3 stores a nutrient solution. As the nutrient solution tank 3, various containers capable of storing nutrient solution can be adopted.

The nutrient solution supply section 4 supplies the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 to the culture medium section 2 . The nutrient solution supply section 4 includes a pump 4a and a nutrient solution supply pipe 4b.

The pump 4a is capable of transporting the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3.

The nutrient solution supply pipe 4b is a flow path for the nutrient solution transported by the pump 4a. One end of the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b is located within the nutrient solution tank 3, and the other end (discharge port) is located within the culture medium section 2. By discharging the nutrient solution from the outlet of the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b, the roots of soybean A can be provided with the nutrient solution.

The arrangement of the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b can be set as appropriate from the viewpoint of suitably supplying the nutrient solution to the roots of soybean A in the culture medium section 2. For example, it is possible to adopt an arrangement in which the discharge port of the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b is located near the soybeans A. Specifically, the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b can be arranged so that the discharge port is located above the area around the roots of soybean A in the solid medium (hereinafter referred to as "rhizosphere"). Moreover, when cultivating a plurality of soybeans A in the culture medium section 2, a configuration can be adopted in which the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b is branched as appropriate to supply the nutrient solution to the plurality of soybeans A.

The cooling unit 5 is capable of cooling the nutrient solution supplied to the culture medium unit 2. The cooling unit 5 cools the nutrient solution by an appropriate cooling method such as heat exchange. In this embodiment, the cooling unit 5 is arranged in the middle of the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b, and is configured to be able to cool the nutrient solution flowing through the nutrient solution supply pipe 4b. Note that the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and the cooling unit 5 may be configured to be capable of cooling the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3. The cooling unit 5 can be operated via an appropriate operation unit.

The irradiation section 6 is capable of irradiating the soybeans A in the culture medium section 2 with light. The irradiation unit 6 uses artificial light such as an LED as a light source. The irradiation unit 6 can set the light intensity and irradiation time of the light. The irradiation section 6 can be operated via an appropriate operation section.

In the plant factory, a daytime-like light environment can be created by operating the irradiation unit 6. Moreover, in a plant factory, by stopping the irradiation unit 6, a night-like light environment can be created. In the following, the time during the day when the irradiation section 6 is activated to create a daytime-like light environment is referred to as the light period, and the time during the day when the irradiation section 6 is stopped to create a nighttime light environment is referred to as the dark period. This will be explained as a period.

Further, below, a method for cultivating soybean A according to the present embodiment using the above-mentioned cultivation apparatus 1 will be explained using FIGS. 1 to 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the method for cultivating soybean A according to the present embodiment includes a seedling raising step S10, a flower bud forming step S20, a grain enlargement step S30, and a rhizosphere low temperature step S40.

The seedling raising step S10 is a step of enriching the roots and true leaves of soybean A sown (or cuttings) in the medium section 2. The seedling raising process S10 is started when soybean A is sown. As shown in FIG. 3, in the seedling raising process S10, the light period is 12 hours or more (the dark period is less than 12 hours). In this embodiment, the light period of the seedling raising process S10 is set to 15 hours (8:00 to 23:00). In this embodiment, the light intensity of the light from the irradiation unit 6 in the bright period is set to 200 μmol or more.

Moreover, in the seedling raising process S10, the cultivation temperature in the plant factory is set to 25° C. during the day (light period) and 20° C. at night (dark period). Here, the cultivation temperature is the environmental temperature around the part of soybean A excluding the roots. Hereinafter, the cultivation temperature in the plant factory will be referred to as room temperature.

Further, in the seedling raising step S10, the water temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to the soybeans A is set to 20° C. or higher. Here, "the water temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to soybean A" refers to the water temperature of the nutrient solution in the rhizosphere within the culture medium section 2. Moreover, as mentioned above, in the seedling raising process S10, the room temperature in the plant factory is set to 20° C. or higher. In this embodiment, a nutrient solution at room temperature (20° C. or higher) is supplied to soybeans A by stopping the cooling unit 5.

The seedling raising step S10 ends when the true leaves of soybean A develop. Here, the end time of the seedling raising step S10 is preferably when the second true leaves of the soybean A have developed. The period from the start to the end of the seedling raising step S10 is approximately 2 to 4 weeks (for example, about 3 weeks). When the seedling raising process S10 is completed, next, the flower bud forming process S20 is started.

The flower bud formation step S20 is a step of forming flower buds and grains of soybean A whose true leaves have developed. In the flower bud formation step S20, as in the seedling raising step S10, the room temperature in the plant factory is set at 25° C. during the day and 20° C. at night, and the water temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to the soybean A is set at 20° C. or higher. Further, the light intensity of the light from the irradiation unit 6 in the bright period is set to be 200 μmol or more.

Here, in the flower bud formation step S20, the light period by the irradiation unit 6 is less than 12 hours (the dark period is 12 hours or more). In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the light period of the flower bud formation step S20 is 9 hours (8:00 to 17:00). In this way, by making the light period in the flower bud formation step S20 shorter than in the seedling raising step S10, the formation of flower buds in soybean A, which is a short-day plant (a plant in which flower buds are formed when the day length is shortened), is promoted. can do.

In the flower bud formation step S20, after flower buds are formed, fruit is formed through petal formation and pollination. The flower bud forming step S20 ends when the petals of a predetermined amount of flower buds (flowers) fall off among all the flower buds or when grains are formed. Here, the predetermined amount (amount of petals falling) may be, for example, 60% or more (more specifically about 70 to 80%) of all flower buds. Moreover, the case where the grains are formed may be the case where at least one grain is formed, or the case where a predetermined amount of grains are formed. The period from the start to the end of the flower bud forming step S20 is approximately 1 week to 3 weeks (for example, about 2 weeks). Once the flower bud formation step S20 is completed, the grain enlargement step S30 is then started.

The grain enlargement step S30 is a step of enlarging the grain of soybean A. In the grain enlargement step S30, as in the seedling raising step S10, the room temperature in the plant factory is set at 25° C. during the day and 20° C. at night, and the water temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to the soybean A is set at 20° C. or higher. In addition, the light period is 12 hours or more (the dark period is less than 12 hours). In this embodiment, the light period is set to 15 hours (8:00 to 23:00). Further, the light intensity of the light from the irradiation unit 6 in the bright period is set to be 200 μmol or more.

The grain enlarging step S30 ends when a predetermined amount (for example, 60% or more) of the grains of soybean A have become enlarged. Here, the case where the grains of soybean A are enlarged refers to the case where the grains of soybean A are in a state where they can be harvested as edamame. Note that the above-mentioned predetermined amount (ratio of enlarged grains of soybean A) may be, for example, about 70 to 80%. The period from the start to the end of the grain enlargement step S30 is approximately 3 to 5 weeks (for example, about 4 weeks). When the grain enlargement process S30 is completed, the rhizosphere low temperature process S40 is started next.

The rhizosphere low temperature step S40 is a step in which the roots of soybean A with enlarged grains are kept in a cooled state. In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, as in the seedling raising step S10 and the grain enlargement step S30, the room temperature in the plant factory is set to 25° C. during the day and 20° C. at night. In addition, the light period is 12 hours or more (the dark period is less than 12 hours). In this embodiment, the light period is set to 15 hours (8:00 to 23:00). Further, the light intensity of the light from the irradiation unit 6 in the bright period is set to be 200 μmol or more.

In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, the water temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to soybean A (the water temperature of the nutrient solution in the rhizosphere in the culture medium section 2) is set to below the temperature outside the culture medium section 2 (solid medium) (room temperature). do. In this embodiment, the cooling unit 5 is operated to supply the cooled nutrient solution to the soybean A, thereby bringing the rhizosphere into a low temperature state. In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, the water temperature of the nutrient solution is set to 10°C±5°C. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the water temperature of the nutrient solution is 10°C.

In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, for example, the cooling unit controls the water temperature of the nutrient solution in the rhizosphere in the culture medium part 2 to a desired value based on the measurement results by a thermometer or a temperature sensor provided in the culture medium part 2. It is possible to adopt a configuration that controls the operation of No. 5.

Generally, in the cultivation of legumes such as soybeans, the grains are enlarged and then matured (ripening) using nutrients accumulated in the stems and leaves. Harvest the fruit. The above-mentioned fruit ripens as the soybean (leguminous plant) withers (leaves yellow and fall).

In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, by cooling the roots of soybean A by bringing the rhizosphere to a low temperature state, the function of the roots can be weakened and it becomes gradually difficult to absorb water (nutrient solution). This allows soybean A to wither after nutrients are transported from the leaves to the grains.

The rhizosphere low temperature step S40 ends when it is time to harvest the grains of soybean A. Here, the harvest time for the grains of soybean A means that most of the pods of soybean A are dry (they are brownish in color and make a rattling sound when shaken). The period from the start to the end of the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 is approximately 3 to 5 weeks (for example, about 4 weeks). When the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 ends, the cultivation method according to the present embodiment ends.

According to the cultivation method according to the present embodiment described above, grains of soybean A of good quality can be harvested. That is, by cooling the roots of soybean A in the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, the function of the roots can be weakened to gradually make it difficult to absorb water (nutrient solution). This allows the soybean A to wither (dry) after nutrients are transported from the leaves to the grains. Thereby, the maturation of soybean A grains can be promoted.

Moreover, instead of the above-mentioned rhizosphere low temperature step S40, as a method of maturing (drying) the grains of soybean A, it is also possible to stop the supply of water (nutrient solution) to soybean A. However, when the method of stopping the water supply is used, the grain size of the harvested soybean A grains is smaller than when the cultivation method according to the present embodiment is used, and the surface is wrinkled. more likely to form.

Moreover, instead of the above-mentioned rhizosphere low temperature step S40, as a method of drying the grains of soybean A, the soybean A that has undergone the grain enlargement step S30 is harvested, and the grains of soybean A are dried by heating and drying. can also be considered. However, when the heat drying method is used, the weight of the harvested grains of soybean A is smaller than when the cultivation method according to the present embodiment is used.

On the other hand, according to the cultivation method according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the formation of wrinkles on the surface and the decrease in grain size and weight as described above, and to produce grains of good quality. can be harvested.

In addition, when cultivating soybean A in general open field cultivation, after allowing the grains to enlarge, soybean A should be grown for about 2 to 3 months (for example, from July to August to October to November). It is necessary to dry the fruit. On the other hand, according to the cultivation method according to the present embodiment, the grains of soybean A can be dried in about one month (3 to 5 weeks) by performing the rhizosphere low temperature step S40. That is, according to the cultivation method according to the present embodiment, the period for drying the grains of soybean A can be shortened to about one-half to one-third compared to open field cultivation, and the grains of soybean A can be dried efficiently. Fruits can be harvested.

Moreover, according to the cultivation method according to the present embodiment, grains of soybean A can be harvested in about three months (13 weeks) from the start of the seedling raising step S10. According to this, grains can be harvested approximately four times a year, whereas in open field cultivation, grains can only be harvested once a year.

In the cultivation method according to the embodiment described above, each step (seedling raising step S10, flower bud formation step S20, grain enlargement step S30, and rhizosphere low temperature step S40) is started or ended depending on the growth degree of soybean A. It is said that The degree of growth of the soybean A can be determined by visual inspection. In addition, instead of the above-mentioned visual judgment, it is also possible to adopt a method of judging the growth degree of soybean A using the calculation result of an appropriate program based on the image captured by the camera.

In addition, instead of the configuration in which each process is started or terminated depending on the growth degree of soybean A as described above, a configuration is adopted in which each process is started or terminated on the condition that the period illustrated in each process has elapsed. It is possible.

That is, when 2 weeks to 4 weeks (for example, about 3 weeks) have passed in the seedling raising step S10, the flower bud forming step S20 may be started at the same time as finishing the seedling raising step S10. Furthermore, when one to three weeks (for example, about two weeks) have passed in the flower bud formation step S20, the flower bud formation step S20 may be ended and the grain enlargement step S30 may be started.

Further, if 3 to 5 weeks (for example, about 4 weeks) have passed in the grain enlargement step S30, the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 may be started at the same time as finishing the grain enlargement step S30. . Further, if 3 to 5 weeks (for example, about 4 weeks) have passed in the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 may be ended.

Further, it is possible to adopt a method in which the start or end of each process (switching of the operations of the cooling unit 5 and the irradiation unit 6) is performed manually by the operator. Note that instead of the above-mentioned manual operation, it is also possible to adopt a method of automatically controlling the switching of the operations of the cooling unit 5 and the irradiation unit 6 by an appropriate control unit.

Further, below, the effects of the cultivation method according to the present embodiment will be explained with reference to the experimental results shown in FIG. 4.

The table shown in FIG. 4 compares the number of days in each step and the yield (g) of soybean A grown by the cultivation method of this embodiment and soybean B grown by the comparative cultivation method.

In this experiment, the variety of soybean A and soybean B is Fukuyutaka. In this experiment, three plants each of soybean A and soybean B are cultivated. Below, the three soybean stocks A are referred to as a1, b1, and c1, and the three soybean stocks B are referred to as a2, b2, and c2.

FIG. 4(a) is a table showing the experimental results of the cultivation method of this embodiment. In the cultivation method of this embodiment, the seedling raising step S10 is set to 18 days (4/2-4/19). Further, the flower bud formation step S20 is set to 14 days (4/19-5/2). Further, the grain enlargement step S30 is set to 27 days (5/2-5/28). Furthermore, the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 is set to 37 days (5/28-7/3). Note that the conditions of room temperature, light period, and nutrient solution water temperature in each step of this experiment are similar to those shown in FIG. 3 described above.

FIG. 4(b) is a table showing experimental results using cultivation methods to be compared. The cultivation method to be compared differs from the cultivation method of this embodiment in that it does not include the rhizosphere low temperature step S40. Specifically, in the comparison cultivation method, after the grain enlargement step S30 is completed, a nutrient solution at room temperature (20°C or higher) is supplied to soybean B without cooling by the cooling unit 5. A step of ripening the grains (hereinafter referred to as a "non-low temperature step") is performed, and the grains of soybean B are harvested. The non-low-temperature process is 37 days (5/28-7/3), similar to the rhizosphere low-temperature process S40.

Note that the cultivation method to be compared has the same conditions as the cultivation method of this embodiment (duration of other steps, room temperature, light period, and nutrient solution water temperature) except that cooling by the cooling unit 5 is not performed. Ru.

In this experiment, the yield of the grains (a1, b1, and c1) of the harvested soybean A was measured after each step of the cultivation method of the present embodiment was completed. The measurement results of the yield were 4.21 g for a1, 10.01 g for b1, and 6.55 g for c1. Further, the total yield of grains of the three soybean A stocks was 20.77 g, and the average yield of grains was 6.92 g per soybean plant.

In addition, in this experiment, the yield of soybean B grains (a2, b2, and c2) was measured after each step of the comparative cultivation method was completed. Here, in the comparative cultivation method, when a non-low-temperature process was performed in place of the rhizosphere low-temperature process S40, the drying (maturation) of soybean B was not promoted, and the leaves and pods remained green. . Therefore, in this experiment, the grains of soybean B harvested after the end of the non-low-temperature process were forcibly dried by heat drying, and the yield was measured.

The measurement results of the yields were 2.91 g for a2, 5.67 g for b2, and 3.98 g for c2. Further, the total yield of grains of the three soybean plants B was 12.56 g, and the average yield of grains was 4.19 g per soybean plant.

As is clear from the experimental results shown in FIG. 4 described above, the yield of grains of soybean A according to the cultivation method of this embodiment is about 1. The result was 65 times larger. Furthermore, in the comparative cultivation method, the leaves and pods remained green at the end of the non-low-temperature process, so it can be said that the grains of soybean B could not be fully matured. On the other hand, in the cultivation method of the present embodiment, the drying (maturation) of soybean A was promoted by the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, so that high-quality grains could be efficiently harvested.

As described above, the method for cultivating a legume (soybean A) according to the present embodiment is as follows:
The present invention includes a rhizosphere low temperature step S40 in which roots of a legume (soybean A) with enlarged grains are kept in a cooled state.

With this configuration, grains of good quality can be harvested. Specifically, by cooling the roots, it is possible to weaken their function and gradually make it harder for them to absorb water. This allows the legume (soybean A) to wither after nutrients are transported from the leaves to the grains.

Furthermore, the method for cultivating a legume (soybean A) according to the present embodiment includes:
The legume (soybean A) is cultivated by hydroponic cultivation in which a nutrient solution is applied to the legume (soybean A),
In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40,
The water temperature of the nutrient solution is lower than the cultivation temperature (room temperature).

With this configuration, high-quality grains can be harvested by hydroponic cultivation. Furthermore, by cultivating soybean A using hydroponic cultivation, soybean A can be cultivated without being influenced by the properties of the soil necessary for cultivating soybean A, such as the presence or absence of rhizobia.

Furthermore, the method for cultivating a legume (soybean A) according to the present embodiment includes:
In the rhizosphere low temperature step S40,
The water temperature of the nutrient solution is 10°C±5°C.

With this configuration, it is possible to harvest high-quality grains using an appropriate water temperature of the nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation.

Furthermore, the method for cultivating a legume (soybean A) according to the present embodiment includes:
Further comprising a grain enlargement step S30 of enlarging the grain of the legume (soybean A),
The rhizosphere low temperature step S40 includes:
In the grain enlargement step S30, the grain enlargement step S30 is started when 60% or more of the grain has become enlarged, or when the period of the grain enlargement step S30 has elapsed for at least three weeks.

With this configuration, the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 can be started at an appropriate timing.

Furthermore, the method for cultivating a legume (soybean A) according to the present embodiment includes:
Further comprising a flower bud formation step S20 performed before the grain enlargement step S30 and forming grains of the legume (soybean A),
The flower bud formation step S20 includes:
It starts when the true leaves of the legume (soybean A) develop, and ends when the petals of a predetermined amount of all the flower buds fall off or fruit is formed,
The irradiation time of light to the legume (soybean A) per day in the flower bud formation step S20 is shorter than in other steps.

With this configuration, grains can be formed efficiently. Specifically, the formation of flower buds of soybean A, which is a short-day plant, can be promoted by shortening the light irradiation time (light period) per day in the flower bud formation step S20.

Further, the legume is soybean A.

With this configuration, high quality soybeans A can be harvested.

Note that soybean A according to the present embodiment is an embodiment of a legume family plant.
Moreover, the room temperature according to this embodiment is an embodiment of the cultivation temperature.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and various changes can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims.

For example, in the present embodiment, the plant factory is a fully controlled (closed environment) facility, but the present invention is not limited to this type of facility. For example, the plant factory may be a sunlight-utilizing facility that can use sunlight as a light source in a semi-closed environment such as a greenhouse.

Further, in this embodiment, an example was shown in which the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 is performed by lowering the temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to soybean A, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. For example, instead of using the nutrient solution, the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 may be performed by using low temperature water to be supplied to the soybeans A.

Further, in this embodiment, an example was shown in which soybean A is cultivated by cultivating a solid medium, but the present invention is not limited to such an aspect. For example, soybean A may be cultivated by other hydroponic methods such as hydroponic cultivation or spray cultivation.

Here, when using hydroponics as a method of hydroponic cultivation, the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply section 4 is stored in a predetermined container, and the roots of soybean A are constantly grown in the nutrient solution in the container. Cultivate by soaking. In this case, the roots of soybean A can be maintained in a cooled state by operating the cooling unit 5 in the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 to lower the water temperature of the nutrient solution in the container.

When using spray cultivation as a method of hydroponic cultivation, the roots of soybean A are accommodated in a predetermined container, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply section 4 is supplied into the container through a predetermined spraying means. Soybean A is cultivated by spraying the nutrient solution onto its roots. In this case, the roots of soybean A can be maintained in a cooled state by operating the cooling unit 5 in the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 to lower the water temperature of the sprayed nutrient solution.

Further, in this embodiment, an example is shown in which the roots of soybean A are cooled by lowering the water temperature of the nutrient solution in the rhizosphere low temperature step S40, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the roots of soybean A are cooled by cooling the culture medium section 2 (or the container in which the roots of soybean A are accommodated) itself.

Further, in this embodiment, an example of cultivating soybean A by hydroponic cultivation is shown, but the present invention is not limited to such an aspect. For example, soybean A may be cultivated by soil cultivation. In this case, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the rhizosphere low temperature step S40 is performed by lowering the water (or nutrient solution) supplied to the soil to a low temperature.

Further, in this embodiment, an example was shown in which soybean A is cultivated as a leguminous plant, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. The method for cultivating legumes according to the present invention is applicable to various legumes, such as kidney beans and adzuki beans, for example.

A Soybean (legume)
S20 Flower bud formation process S30 Grain enlargement process S40 Rhizosphere low temperature process

Claims (4)

Equipped with a rhizosphere cooling process that keeps the roots of legumes with enlarged grains cool .
The legumes are cultivated by hydroponic cultivation in which a nutrient solution is supplied to the legumes,
In the rhizosphere low temperature step,
The water temperature of the nutrient solution is lower than the cultivation temperature;
The water temperature of the nutrient solution is 10°C ± 5°C.
How to cultivate legumes. further comprising a grain enlargement step of enlarging the grain of the legume,
The rhizosphere low temperature process is
In the grain enlargement step, the grain enlargement step is started when 60% or more of the grain has become enlarged, or when the period of the grain enlargement step has elapsed for at least 3 weeks.
The method for cultivating legumes according to claim 1. further comprising a flower bud forming step of forming grains of the legume, which is performed before the grain enlargement step,
The flower bud formation step includes:
It starts when the true leaves of the legume plant develop, and ends when the petals of a predetermined amount of all the flower buds fall off or fruit is formed,
The irradiation time of light to the legume per day in the flower bud formation step is shorter than in other steps.
The method for cultivating legumes according to claim 2. The legume is soybean,
The method for cultivating legumes according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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