JP7384370B1 - Reinforced concrete framework for housing, design method for reinforced concrete framework for housing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a reinforced concrete frame whose structure can be designed in a short period of time at low cost. The reinforced concrete frame consists of four columns P, four frontage beams FB (to be exact, two frontage beams FB and two foundation frontage beams FFB), and four depth beams DB (to be exact, 2 A frame F is provided by arranging an arbitrary number of reference frames SF (a book depth beam DB and two foundation depth beams FDB) in the vertical and horizontal directions. Column P, frontage beam FB, foundation frontage beam FFB, depth beam DB, and foundation depth beam FDB were standardized from the beginning so that frame F, which was constructed by arranging standard frames SF, could withstand the load of the reinforced concrete frame. has been done.

Description

The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete frame for housing and a method for designing the same. Housing includes both single-family homes and apartment buildings.

The main structures of housing in Japan are wooden and reinforced concrete. In recent years, houses with reinforced concrete frames, which are rich in design and robustness, have become increasingly popular.

However, houses with reinforced concrete frames have not become more popular than houses with wooden frames. The main reason for this is that, as is well known, the cost of building a house with a reinforced concrete frame is generally much more expensive than the cost of building a house with a wooden frame. It is in.

The reason why it costs so much to build a house with a reinforced concrete frame is that the price of the materials needed to build a house with a reinforced concrete frame is higher than the price of the materials needed to build a house with a wooden frame. In some cases, it may be more expensive.
Another reason is that building a house with a reinforced concrete frame requires a design including structural design, which is generally expensive. Structural designs are generally expensive because they are complex. Structural design generally means designing the foundation and frame of a building to withstand various loads while meeting safety performance and economically.
For example, in the case of a building with a rigid frame structure, the load is supported by a plurality of columns and beams. In many cases, in order to keep the cost of construction materials as low as possible, the structure of columns and beams (for example, the thickness of the columns and beams, the position and number of reinforcing bars placed inside them) is changed for each column or In most cases, each beam is different, but rather, by adopting a complex structure in which the structure of each column or beam is different, the safety performance required of the building after construction is satisfied. It is normal to strike a balance between this and keeping the cost of building materials as low as possible. Structural designs, which have now become too complex, are almost always carried out using specialized software installed on computers, and specialized software is created using the approach described above.

As mentioned above, the structural design is extremely complex. This also creates another problem. As is clear from the above explanation, the work that a structural designer performs when designing a structure is extremely complicated, and as a result, the time required for the structural design itself is large, and the cost required for the structural design is often relatively large. . For example, it is common knowledge that even the structural design of a detached house made of reinforced concrete takes about two months and costs between 500,000 and 1 million yen.
Moreover, until the structural design is completed, the building materials needed to construct the building cannot be determined, and the number of man-hours for construction (this is related to the labor costs required during construction) cannot be determined. It is not possible to estimate the costs necessary to construct a building. Even if an estimate of the cost required to construct the building is obtained after the structural design is completed, if the cost is excessive, the client may decide to start construction of a concrete frame house. can't do it.
Because such risks exist even after the structural design is completed, many owners hesitate to even begin structural design, which requires a high cost.
Moreover, the complexity of such structural design increases the labor cost when actually constructing a reinforced concrete frame. For example, if the configuration is different for each column and each beam, the work of arranging reinforcing bars inside the concrete formwork will be different for each column and each beam, making the work highly difficult. This can lead to decreased work efficiency and mistakes.
These circumstances are also hindering the spread of concrete frame housing.

At the very least, if the structural design can be simplified, for example, if the costs of structural design can be reduced, some of the above-mentioned problems that are hindering the spread of concrete-frame housing could be solved. .
However, structural design generally has the purpose of "designing the foundation and frame of a building economically so that it can withstand various loads while satisfying safety performance." By adopting a complex structure in which each column or beam has a different structure, we are able to satisfy the safety performance required of the building after construction, and to keep the cost of construction materials as low as possible. At present, it is believed that the correct approach to achieving this goal is to achieve both, but the idea of simplifying structural design does not exist at all. Therefore, at least at present, no practical means have been proposed to enable structural design to be carried out at low cost.

The present invention is a technology that makes it possible to reduce the cost of structural design in a short period of time by simplifying the structural design, and in some cases, it also reduces the cost necessary to build a house. The task is to propose technology that can. The technology mainly relates to reinforced concrete frames for residential buildings or design methods.

First, we will outline the invention proposed by the applicant to solve the above problems.
Traditional structural designs are complex, as mentioned above. Structural design becomes complicated because, for example, the strength of the building or house provided by the columns and beams is ensured by giving only the minimum necessary strength to the columns and beams, etc., which are the constituent elements of a rigid frame structure. This is because they are trying to balance both this and minimizing the cost of building materials. In order to provide only the minimum necessary strength to columns and beams, it is necessary to provide different configurations to columns and beams at different positions in the reinforced concrete frame, resulting in a complex structural design. Become. In buildings, it is common for each column to have different thicknesses and the number of reinforcing bars contained within it, and also for the same column to have different thicknesses and number of reinforcing bars depending on the height of the column. It's common.
On the other hand, the simplest shape of a rigid frame structure in which the load of a building or a house is supported by columns and beams is when the frame is shaped like a rectangular parallelepiped. The rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frame includes four beams each extending in the x and y directions, which are horizontal and orthogonal to each other, and four columns extending in the vertical z direction.
Among such rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frames, one with a predetermined shape is determined as a reference frame, and the reference frames are connected (or arranged) in the x direction, y direction, and z direction. Consider constructing a new rectangular parallelepiped frame by Among adjacent reference frames, columns and beams that overlap each other will be combined into one. This makes it possible to construct a rectangular parallelepiped frame with a certain degree of freedom.
Next, consider the case where a reinforced concrete frame is obtained by adding walls and slabs to a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frame created by connecting reference frames. However, we will not consider a somewhat unreasonable frame in which a new frame is constructed by stacking the above-mentioned reference frames in 20 stages only in the z direction. In other words, if the designer arranges the reference frames within the range planned, for example, X in the x direction, Y in the y direction, and Y in the z direction. Let us consider a case where Z reference frames are arranged in the following manner, and a wall and a slab are further added to the new frame. Columns, beams, walls, and slabs are the constituent elements of a reinforced concrete frame made of reinforced concrete.
The structure of the columns and beams in the reference frame was changed to ensure that the new frame created by stacking the reference frames in the planned area can support the load of the house that includes the frame and has a reinforced concrete frame. It is possible to standardize. However, among the beams, the lowest beam that touches the ground should be given a different standard from the other beams so that it can also serve as the foundation.
Then, X reference frames are arranged in the x direction, Y in the y direction, and Z in the z direction (however, the permissible combinations of X, Y, and Z are determined in advance by the designer, etc.). ) The reinforced concrete frame including the new frame obtained by this process will be able to support the load of the house with the reinforced concrete frame without any new structural design or structural calculations.
However, in this case, the structure of the columns and beams included in the reference frame may exceed the performance required for the new frame created by arranging the reference frames to support the load of the house. There may be times when you are prepared.
In addition, X reference frames including standardized columns and beams as described above are arranged in the x direction, Y in the y direction, and Z in the z direction. The combination of X, Y, and Z has been determined in advance by the designer, etc.), thereby ensuring that the reinforced concrete frame including the new frame will be able to support the load of the house containing it. If so, a frame that conforms to a standard frame that is smaller in at least one of the x, y, and z directions than a standard frame that has columns and beams that conform to standardized columns and beams A reinforced concrete frame including a new frame obtained by arranging X reference frames in the x direction, Y in the y direction, and Z in the z direction can also be constructed without new structural design or structural calculations. It will definitely be able to support the load of a house with a reinforced concrete frame.
In this case, the structure of the columns and beams included in the semi-standard frame has a performance that exceeds that required for the new frame created by arranging the semi-standard frames to support the load of the house. This will probably happen even more frequently.
However, while allowing the pillars and beams to have excessive performance as explained above, there is also a restriction that the shape of the house is a rectangular parallelepiped (as will be explained later, it is not necessarily a perfect rectangular parallelepiped). If this is allowed, the structural design will be extremely simple, and the time and cost required for structural design will be reduced.
In addition, estimates for constructing a concrete frame, which could only be done after rigorous structural design using conventional design methods, can be done in a short time and can be done immediately after the structural design is completed. It becomes like this.
Furthermore, in the process of simplifying the structural design, reinforced concrete frames have standardized columns and beams, making the construction work easier by reducing the difficulty of actually constructing reinforced concrete frames. It may be possible to improve efficiency and, as a result, reduce labor costs. In addition, it may be possible to reduce material purchasing costs by purchasing large quantities of building materials (e.g. reinforcing bars) that are common to each standardized column or standardized beam. . Taking these factors into consideration, according to the present invention which simplifies the structural design, the cost for constructing a reinforced concrete frame designed by a simple structural design (total cost from structural design to building a reinforced concrete frame) (costs) are often cheaper than conventional ones, even when taking into account the increased cost of providing extra performance to columns and beams.
The present invention was made based on this idea.

The present invention is realized as a reinforced concrete frame for housing (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a "reinforced concrete frame") as described below.
The reinforced concrete frame of the present invention has a frontage line segment which is an imaginary line segment of a predetermined length extending in the frontage direction, and a frontage line segment having a predetermined length extending from one end of the frontage line segment in a direction perpendicular to the frontage line segment. It is constructed based on a rectangular range that is a rectangular range in plan view defined by a depth line segment that is a virtual line segment.
The reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention includes at least both ends of the two sides parallel to the depth line segment of the rectangular range described above, and two sides parallel to the depth line segment when the length is longer than a first length that is a predetermined length. and the depth dividing position, which is a position on the two sides that equally divides the area into lengths equal to or less than the first length, and the frontage line when the frontage line is longer than the second length, which is a predetermined length. An auxiliary line that is an imaginary line segment with the same length as the depth line segment that extends parallel to the depth line segment from a frontage dividing position that is a position on the frontage line segment that equally divides the area into the second length or less. A plurality of pillars that are vertical elongated members having a length equal to or less than a third length, which is a predetermined length, are erected at both ends of the segment and at positions corresponding to the depth division positions on the auxiliary line segment. has.
Further, the reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention has both upper and lower ends of two of the columns located parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line, horizontally in a direction parallel to the frontage line. It has a plurality of frontage beams that are long members connected to the frontage beams, and a plurality of foundation frontage beams that are in contact with the ground among the frontage beams.
Further, among the pillars, a plurality of long members horizontally connecting the upper and lower ends of two pillars located parallel to and adjacent to the depth line segment in a direction parallel to the depth line segment; It has a depth beam and a plurality of foundation depth beams that are in contact with the ground among the depth beams.
Further, the reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention is arranged such that a space between adjacent pillars located on two sides parallel to the frontage line of the rectangular range is closed in a plate shape parallel to the frontage line. or, among the pillars located on two sides parallel to the depth line segment of the rectangular range or on the auxiliary line segment, a plurality of plate-like blocks parallel to the depth line segment close the space between adjacent pillars. Has walls.
Further, in the reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention, the two frontage beams and the two depth beams, or the two foundation frontage beams and the two foundation depth beams are arranged at the upper and lower height positions of the columns. It has multiple slabs that horizontally close a rectangular space surrounded by.
Further, the structural design strength of the frame constituted only by the columns, the frontage beam, the foundation frontage beam, the depth beam, and the foundation depth beam is made sufficient.
Further, all of the plurality of columns in the reinforced concrete frame for housing according to the present invention have the same thickness and the same structure of reinforcing bars in the length direction, and all of the plurality of frontage beams have the same thickness and structure of the reinforcing bars in the length direction. are the same, all of the plurality of foundation frontage beams have the same thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, and all of the plurality of depth beams have the same thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, All of the plurality of foundation depth beams have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcing bar configuration, all of the plurality of walls have the same configuration per predetermined unit area, and all of the plurality of slabs have the same configuration of reinforcing bars in the predetermined unit area. The configuration per unit area of is the same.

The reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention is constructed based on a rectangular area. The rectangular range is a rectangular range in plan view. The planar shape of the rectangular range is defined by two line segments that are orthogonal to each other when viewed from above. One of the two line segments is a frontage line segment, and the other is a depth line segment. Note that the portion corresponding to the frontage line segment of the finally constructed house does not necessarily correspond to the frontage of the house, and the same applies to the depth line segment.
The reinforced concrete frame has a frame constructed by arranging at least one rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frame corresponding to the reference frame described above in the length, width, and height directions. The frame is made up of columns, frontage beams, and depth beams. All of them are plural, at least four each. Note that among the frontage beams, those in contact with the ground are foundation frontage beams, and among the depth beams, those in contact with the ground are foundation depth beams. The foundation width beam and foundation depth beam also serve as the foundation.
The pillars are erected on at least both ends of the two sides parallel to the depth line of the rectangular range. In other words, the pillars are always erected at the four corners of the rectangular area. If the depth line segment is longer than the predetermined first length, the pillar also has two sides parallel to the depth line segment that are equally divided into lengths equal to or less than the first length. It can also be erected at the depth division position. If the frontage line segment is longer than a predetermined second length, the pillar also has a frontage segment that is a position on the frontage line segment that equally divides the frontage line segment into lengths equal to or less than the second length. When assuming an auxiliary line segment that is a virtual line segment with the same length as the depth line segment extending from the position parallel to the depth line segment, there are depth division positions at both ends of the auxiliary line segment and on the depth line segment. It is also set up at a position corresponding to the depth division position in the case. The pillar is vertical, and its length is less than or equal to a predetermined third length.
Frontage beams and foundation frontage beams are defined as follows. The frontage beam horizontally connects the upper and lower ends of two pillars located parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line in a direction parallel to the frontage line. The frontage beam is a long piece of material. Among the frontage beams, those that touch the ground are the foundation frontage beams. As mentioned above, since the distance between two adjacent columns located on a straight line parallel to the frontage line over which the frontage beam is spanned is less than or equal to the second length, the width of the frontage beam (and the foundation frontage beam) The length is always equal to or less than the second length.
The depth beam and foundation depth beam are as follows. The depth beam is a long member that horizontally connects the upper and lower ends of two pillars located parallel to and adjacent to the depth line segment in a direction parallel to the depth line segment. Among the depth beams, the one that touches the ground is the foundation depth beam. As mentioned above, since the distance between two adjacent columns located on a straight line parallel to the depth line over which the depth beam is stretched is less than or equal to the first length, the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) The length is always equal to or less than the first length.
There are multiple walls, and among the pillars located on two sides parallel to the frontage line of the rectangular range, the spaces between adjacent pillars are blocked off in a plate shape parallel to the frontage line, or the depth line of the rectangular range is Of the pillars located on two sides parallel to the depth line or on the auxiliary line segment, the space between adjacent pillars is closed in a plate shape parallel to the depth line segment.
There are a plurality of slabs, and a rectangular space surrounded by two frontage beams and two depth beams, or two foundation frontage beams and two foundation frontage beams at the height positions above and below the columns. Close horizontally. The slab constitutes the roof or floor.
In addition, all columns have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcement configuration, all frontage beams have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcement configuration, and foundation frontage beams have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcement configuration. All of the plurality of depth beams have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcing bar configuration, all the plurality of depth beams have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcing bar configuration, and the plurality of foundation depth beams all have the same thickness and length. The configuration of reinforcing bars in both directions is the same. In other words, columns, frontage beams (and foundation frontage beams), and depth beams (and foundation depth beams) are all standardized. The standardization is designed so that the structural design strength of the frame consisting only of columns, frontage beams, foundation frontage beams, depth beams, and foundation depth beams is sufficient.
This reinforced concrete structure uses a frame to withstand loads. That is, the walls and slabs do not need to have a load-bearing function. In other words, the reinforced concrete frame of the present invention employs a so-called rigid frame structure.
The frame consists of 4 columns, 4 frontage beams (or 2 frontage beams and 2 foundation width beams), and 4 depth beams (or 2 depth beams and 2 foundation depth beams). The reference frames explained in the above-mentioned overview of the present invention are arranged in the x direction (for example, the frontage line segment direction) and the y direction (for example, the depth line segment direction). In addition, as already mentioned, the length of the column is less than or equal to the third length, the length of the frontage beam (and foundation width beam) is less than or equal to the second length, and the length of the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) is less than or equal to the second length. The length is less than or equal to the first length.
Here, the thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction of the columns, frontage beams (and foundation frontage beams), and depth beams (and foundation depth beams) are each standardized. This standardization is designed to ensure that the structural design strength of the frame consisting only of columns, frontage beams, foundation frontage beams, depth beams, and foundation depth beams is sufficient. The conditions that such standardized columns, frontage beams (and foundation frontage beams), and depth beams (and foundation depth beams) must satisfy are based on the reference frame explained in the overview of the present invention, x, y, z. The length in each direction is the first length (the length of the longest depth beam or foundation depth beam), the second length (the length of the longest frontage beam or foundation width beam), and the third length (the length of the longest width beam or foundation width beam). (column length), the reference frame is X, Y, Z in the x, y, z directions (however, the permissible combinations of X, Y, Z are determined in advance by the designer, etc.) ) The conditions for the reinforced concrete frame including the frame obtained by arranging the frames to be able to support the load of the entire reinforced concrete frame can be easily determined.
The frame to be included in the reinforced concrete frame of the present application will be the reference frame as described above arranged in the x, y direction, or the x, y, z direction, or Also, reference frames whose lengths are shortened in at least one of the x, y, and z directions are arranged in the x, y directions, or in the x, y, and z directions. In either case, a reinforced concrete frame including such a frame can withstand the load of the entire reinforced concrete frame solely by the frame included therein, without the need for any new structural design.
Therefore, the structural design of the reinforced concrete frame of the present application is simple, and the time and cost required for structural design can be reduced. In addition, such a reinforced concrete frame allows for a quick estimate after the structural design, which can be completed in a short period of time.
In addition, by standardizing columns, frontage beams, foundation frontage beams, depth beams, and foundation depth beams so that they have the same structure except for length, and by standardizing the structure of walls and slabs, reinforced concrete It becomes possible to uniformize the work of assembling a formwork for pouring concrete and the work of arranging reinforcing bars in the formwork, which are necessary when constructing a frame. This facilitates the work for constructing a house having a reinforced concrete frame as described above, and leads to a reduction in the cost of constructing a reinforced concrete frame.
In addition, the columns, frontage beams, foundation frontage beams, depth beams, and foundation depth beams are each standardized to have the same structure except for length, and the structures of walls and slabs are also standardized. By performing this on multiple reinforced concrete frames instead of one reinforced concrete frame, it is possible to minimize the types of reinforcing bars that are required to be inserted into columns, etc. when constructing a reinforced concrete frame, for example. It is. In this case, it becomes possible to purchase a small variety of building materials in large quantities, thereby making it possible to suppress the cost of purchasing building materials necessary for constructing the reinforced concrete frame of the present application.

The frontage line segment may have a second length or less.
In that case, the auxiliary line segment will not exist within the rectangular range described above, and the pillar will exist only on the sides surrounding the rectangular range. Such reinforced concrete frames are suitable for single-family residences.
On the other hand, the frontage line segment may be equal to or less than the second length. In this case, two adjacent spaces separated by the auxiliary line segment may constitute another house.
In that case, at least one auxiliary line segment will exist within the rectangular range mentioned above, and the pillar will not only be on the side surrounding the rectangular range, but also on both ends of the auxiliary line segment, and in some cases. exists in the middle of the auxiliary line segment. In that case, the rectangular range will be delimited by walls provided on the auxiliary line segments. Such reinforced concrete frames are suitable for apartments, condominiums, and other housing complexes.
As described above, in the reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention, the structures of columns, frontage beams, foundation frontage beams, depth beams and foundation depth beams, and the structures of walls and slabs are also standardized. One set of standardized columns, frontage beams, foundation frontage beams, depth beams and foundation depth beams, walls, and slabs, one set for a reinforced concrete frame intended for a single-family house, and one set for a reinforced concrete frame intended for a multi-family house. It is also possible to prepare a set of different sets in advance.
Note that different sets of the first length, second length, and third length may be prepared for single-family houses and apartment houses.

In the reinforced concrete frame according to the present invention, on top of all the columns, at least an extension column that is a new column having a length equal to or less than the third length and having the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcing steel structure as the columns is provided. The same number of pillars may be extended in the vertical direction and connected to all the pillars. In this case, a new set of the frontage beam, the depth beam, the wall, and the slab, each having the same configuration as the frontage beam, the depth beam, the wall, and the slab, is created for each extended column. The housing may have a multi-story structure.
In this way, the reinforced concrete frame can be used for multi-story residential buildings, regardless of whether it is for a single-family home or an apartment complex.
In this case, the extension column will be standardized in the same way as the column. Further, the length of the extension column is equal to or smaller than the third length, similarly to the column. Therefore, even if it is a reinforced concrete frame that is compatible with multi-story floors, even if it is a reinforced concrete frame that has been designed with a simpler structural design than the conventional one for the reasons stated in the overview of the present invention, the frame included in the reinforced concrete frame It is guaranteed that the entire building frame can withstand the load.
The length of the extension column may be equal to the length of the first floor column. In this case, the extension columns and columns will have the same configuration, including the length, and the height of each floor in the reinforced concrete frame that supports multi-story buildings will be the same. This contributes to further simplifying the structural design of reinforced concrete frames, and also contributes to more standardizing the work of installing formwork and reinforcing.

The columns in the reinforced concrete frame of the present invention are standardized by having the same thickness and the same structure of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction. The columns are assumed to have the same thickness and the same cross-sectional shape over their entire length.
For example, the pillar may have a rectangular shape in a plan view where the length in the depth direction is longer than the length in the frontage direction. By doing so, it becomes possible to have the column bear a part of the wall, and it becomes easier to give the column the ability to withstand the load of the reinforced concrete frame.
When the shape of the pillar is rectangular in plan view as described above, the width, which is the length of the frontage beam in the depth direction, may be equal to the length of the pillar in the depth direction. The same can be applied to the foundation frontage beam. By doing so, the width of the frontage beam (and foundation frontage beam) can be maximized within the range that can be connected to the column, so the effect of the frontage beam (and foundation frontage beam) on supporting the load of the reinforced concrete frame is reduced. Not only can this be maximized, but also the aesthetic appearance of the connection between the pillar and the frontage beam (and the foundation frontage beam) can be improved. In addition, in order to strengthen the connection between the frontage beams (and foundation frontage beams) and columns, it is necessary to install reinforcing bars that run inside the frontage beams (and foundation frontage beams) in the length direction of the columns. It is desirable to make the width of the frontage beam (and foundation frontage beam) match the length of the column in the depth direction, and the width direction of the frontage beam (and foundation frontage beam) to correspond to the depth of the column. , it becomes possible to insert the reinforcing bars inside the frontage beams (and foundation frontage beams) into the interior of the columns, no matter where they are located in the cross section.
Further, when the shape of the column is rectangular in plan view as described above, the width, which is the length of the depth beam in the frontage direction, may be equal to the length of the column in the frontage direction. The same can be applied to the foundation depth beam. By doing so, the width of the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) can be maximized within the range that can be connected to the column, so the effect of the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) in supporting the load of the reinforced concrete frame is reduced. Not only can this be maximized, but also the aesthetic appearance of the connection portion between the column and at least one of the depth beams (and the foundation depth beam) can be made neat. In addition, in order to strengthen the connection between the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) and the column, it is necessary to install reinforcing bars running inside the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) in the length direction of the column. It is desirable to make the width of the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) match the length in the frontage direction of the column, and the width direction of the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) to correspond to the width direction of the column. , it becomes possible to insert the reinforcing bars inside the depth beam (and foundation depth beam) into the inside of the column, no matter where they are located in the cross section.

The present inventor also proposes a method for designing a reinforced concrete frame as one aspect of the present invention. The effect of the invention of such a design method is that the reinforced concrete frame for housing of the present application can be designed. A reinforced concrete frame constructed based on this design will have the same effects as the reinforced concrete frame described above.
As an example, the design method for a reinforced concrete frame for a residential building is based on a frontage line segment that is an imaginary line segment of a predetermined length extending in the frontage direction, and a direction perpendicular to the frontage line segment from one end of the frontage line segment. A third length that is a predetermined length or less, which is vertically erected based on a rectangular range that is a rectangular range in plan view defined by a depth line segment that is an imaginary line segment that extends and has a predetermined length. A plurality of pillars, which are long members with a length of A plurality of frontage beams that connect the upper and lower ends horizontally, a plurality of foundation frontage beams that touch the ground among the frontage beams, and the adjacent pillars that are on the same imaginary line segment parallel to the depth line segment. A plurality of depth beams that horizontally connect the upper and lower ends of the two, a plurality of foundation depth beams that touch the ground among the depth beams, and a plurality of plate-shaped plates that close the gap between two predetermined pillars. A rectangular space surrounded by the wall and the two frontage beams and the two depth beams, or the two foundation width beams and the two foundation depth beams at the height positions above and below the pillars. A reinforced concrete frame for a residential building is constructed by combining a plurality of plate-shaped slabs that horizontally close the walls, the thickness of the columns and the configuration of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, the frontage beam, the foundation frontage beam, The thickness and longitudinal reinforcing bar configuration of the depth beam and the foundation depth beam, and the configuration per unit area of the wall and the slab are respectively determined by the column, the frontage beam, the foundation width beam, and the depth. This is a method of designing a reinforced concrete frame in which the structural design strength of a frame composed only of beams and the foundation depth beams is standardized and determined within a range that is sufficient, and then designed.
The design method includes a process of determining the respective lengths of the frontage line segment and the depth line segment, and at least both ends of the rectangular range on two sides parallel to the depth line segment, and a predetermined length. a depth division position that is a position on the two sides that equally divides the two sides parallel to the depth line segment into lengths equal to or less than the first length when the length is longer than the first length; and the depth from the frontage dividing position, which is a position on the frontage line segment that equally divides the frontage line segment into equal parts equal to or less than the second length when the pillar is longer than the second length, which is a predetermined length. The pillar is standardized at both ends of an auxiliary line segment that is a virtual line segment having the same length as the depth line segment extending parallel to the line segment, and at a position corresponding to the depth division position on the auxiliary line segment. The process of deciding to erect a frontage beam or the foundation frontage in which both upper and lower ends of two of the pillars that are parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line are standardized. The process of deciding to connect with a beam, and the depth beam or the foundation in which all upper and lower ends of two of the columns that are parallel to and adjacent to the depth line are standardized The process of deciding to connect with a depth beam, and the process of standardizing parallel to the frontage line between adjacent pillars located on two sides parallel to the frontage line of the rectangular range. blocking the rectangular range with the wall, and a standard parallel to the depth line between adjacent pillars located on two sides of the rectangular range parallel to the depth line segment or on the auxiliary line segment. In the process of deciding to close the walls with the walls that have been and a step of determining that a rectangular space in a plan view surrounded by the foundation depth beam is to be closed by the standardized slab.

A plane conceptually showing a rectangular range used in a design method according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a plan view conceptually illustrating a method for determining a position to erect a pillar in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state in which pillars are written in a rectangular range in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a column list, a beam list, a wall list, and a slab list used in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view conceptually showing a method for determining the arrangement positions of a frontage beam and a foundation frontage beam in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view conceptually showing a method for determining the arrangement positions of a depth beam and a foundation depth beam in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view conceptually illustrating a method for determining the placement position of a wall in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view conceptually illustrating another method of determining the placement position of a wall in the design method according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view conceptually showing a method for determining the placement position of a slab in a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 9 is a view showing the designed reinforced concrete frame in the state shown in FIG. 9, viewed from the lateral direction in FIG. 9; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a frame of a reinforced concrete body designed by a design method according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another example of a reinforced concrete frame designed by the design method according to the embodiment.

The following describes a method for designing a reinforced concrete frame for a residential building according to the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as a "design method") and a reinforced concrete for a residential building designed by carrying out the design method, with reference to the drawings. Explain about the building frame.

≪Design method≫
A reinforced concrete frame designed by such a design method is designed based on a rectangular range α of a rectangle in plan view as shown in FIG.
The rectangular range α is a rectangular range in plan view defined by a frontage line segment A1 and a depth line segment B1 that are perpendicular to each other. The rectangular range α is a rectangle whose four sides are a frontage line segment A1, a depth line segment B1, a line segment A2, and a line segment B2. Frontage line segment A1 and line segment A2 are opposite sides that are parallel to each other, and depth line segment B1 and line segment B2 are opposite sides that are parallel to each other. Conceptually, frontage line segment A1, line segment A2, depth line segment B1, and line segment B2 are all line segments drawn on the ground on which a reinforced concrete frame is built.
The frontage line segment A1 is one side of a reinforced concrete frame that will be built later and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape when viewed from above, and the depth line segment B1 is a side that is perpendicular to the frontage line A1 of the reinforced concrete frame. This corresponds to one side of . Although the frontage line segment A1 does not necessarily correspond to the frontage of the reinforced concrete frame to be built later, and the depth line segment B1 does not need to correspond to the depth of the reinforced concrete frame to be built later, in this embodiment, the frontage line The segment A1 corresponds to the frontage of the reinforced concrete frame to be built later, and the depth line segment B1 is made to correspond to the depth of the reinforced concrete frame to be built later.
The frontage line segment A1 and the depth line segment B1 are appropriately determined based on the shape and size of the site on which the reinforced concrete frame is to be built, and in accordance with the shape and size of the reinforced concrete frame to be built later. Either of the frontage line segment A1 and the depth line segment B1 may be longer.

The reinforced concrete frame constructed based on the rectangular range α described above includes a frame including columns, a frontage beam, a frontage foundation beam, a depth beam, and a foundation depth beam. All of them are long members, and the columns extend vertically, the frontage beams and the frontage foundation beams extend horizontally in the direction of the frontage line, and the depth beams and the foundation depth beams extend horizontally in the direction of the depth line.

First, a description will be given of how to determine the position of the pillar in the rectangular range α.
The position of the pillar is determined by the following three rules: Rule 1 to Rule 3. Rules 1 to 3 will be explained using FIGS. 2 and 3.
Rule 1) The pillar P is erected on at least both ends of the two sides parallel to the depth line segment B1 of the rectangular range α. In other words, the pillars are always erected at the four corners of the rectangular range α.
Rule 2) If the depth line segment B1 is longer than the predetermined first length, the pillar P divides the two sides parallel to the depth line segment B1 equally into lengths equal to or less than the first length. It is erected at depth division position b, which is a position on two sides.
Rule 3) If the frontage line segment A1 is longer than the predetermined second length, the pillar P shall be placed on the frontage line segment A1 that equally divides the frontage line segment A1 into lengths equal to or less than the second length. Both ends of the auxiliary line segment B3 and the depth when assuming an auxiliary line segment B3 that is a virtual line segment with the same length as the depth line segment B1 that extends from the frontage division position a that is the position in parallel to the depth line segment B1. It is set up at a position corresponding to the depth division position b when the depth division position b exists on the line segment B1.
See FIG. 2.
First, according to rule 1, it is determined that pillars P will be erected at four locations labeled p1.
Next is rule 2. In Rule 2, the first length L1 appears (see FIG. 1). The first length L1 is determined in advance when determining a reference frame, which will be described later. The first length L1 is predetermined, for example, in a range of 4500 mm to 5700 mm. Although not limited to this, in this embodiment, the first length L1 is set to 5100 mm.
To determine the position of the pillar P to be erected according to Rule 2, first, it is verified whether the length l1 of the depth line segment B1 is longer than the first length L1. When the length l1 of the depth line segment B1 is less than or equal to the first length L1, the pillar P cannot be erected on the depth line segment B1 at a position other than p1 at both ends, and No pillar P can be erected on top of it at any position other than p1 at both ends.
On the other hand, if the length l1 of the depth line segment B1 is longer than the first length L1, a pillar P is erected on the depth line segment B1 at the depth division position b in addition to p1 at both ends of the depth line segment B1. It will be done. The depth division position b is a position at which the depth line segment B1 is divided into equal divisions using the smallest possible natural number. For example, if the length of the depth line segment B1 divided into two equal parts is equal to or less than the first length L1, the center of the depth line segment B1 becomes the depth division position b. Further, when the length when the depth line segment B1 is divided into two equal parts is longer than the first length L1, and when the length when the depth line segment B1 is divided into three equal parts is equal to or less than the first length L1, In this case, the two positions that divide the depth line segment B1 into three equal parts are the depth division positions b. To generalize more, the length when the depth line segment B1 is divided into n equal parts is longer than the first length L1, and the length when the depth line segment B1 is divided into n+1 equal parts is the first length L1. In the following cases, n positions on the depth line segment B1 that divides the depth line segment B1 into n+1 equal parts become depth division positions b.
In the example shown in FIG. 2, a case is shown in which the depth division position b is one location in the center of the depth line segment B1. In that case, according to Rule 2, the pillars P are erected at two locations: at the center p2 of the depth line segment B1 and at the center p2 of the line segment B2 parallel to the depth line segment B1.
Next is rule 3. A second length L2 appears in Rule 3 (see FIG. 1). The second length L2 is determined in advance when determining a reference frame, which will be described later. The second length L2 can be determined in advance in a range of 3700 mm to 5100 mm, for example. Although not limited to this, in this embodiment, the second length L2 is set to 4100 mm. Note that the second length L2 may be different depending on whether the reinforced concrete frame to be designed is for a single-family house or for an apartment complex. For example, if the reinforced concrete frame is for a single-family house, the second length L2 is set to an appropriate length in the range of 4,700 mm to 5,100 mm (for example, 4,900 mm), and if the reinforced concrete frame is for a housing complex, the second length L2 is set to an appropriate length from 3,700 mm to 5,100 mm. An appropriate length within the range of 4100 mm (for example, 3900 mm) can be determined.
To determine the position of the pillar P to be erected according to Rule 3, first, it is verified whether the length l2 of the frontage line segment A1 is longer than the second length L2. If the length l2 of the frontage line segment A1 is less than or equal to the second length L2, no pillar P is erected according to rule 3.
On the other hand, if the frontage line segment A1 is longer than the second length L2, which is the predetermined length, the frontage line segment A1 is divided equally into lengths equal to or less than the second length L2 at a position on the frontage line segment A1. First, a certain frontage division position a is determined. Generalizing the same way as when dividing the depth line segment B1 equally to find the depth division position b, the length when dividing the frontage line segment A1 into n equal parts is longer than the second length L2, and the frontage line If the length when segment A1 is divided into n+1 equal parts is less than or equal to the second length L2, n positions on frontage line segment A1 that divides frontage segment A1 into n+1 equal parts are becomes. In rule 3, once the frontage division position a is determined, an auxiliary line segment B3 having a length equal to the depth line segment B1 and extending parallel to the depth line segment B1 is determined from there. In short, the auxiliary line segment B3 is a line segment that connects the frontage line segment A1 and the line segment A2 so as to be perpendicular to them. When there are n frontage division positions a, there are n auxiliary line segments B3.
The pillars P are then erected at both ends p3 of the auxiliary line segment B3 and at a position p3 corresponding to the depth division position b in the auxiliary line segment B3. In the example of FIG. 2, there is one frontage division position a and one auxiliary line segment B3, and the pillar P is erected at both ends p3 of the auxiliary line segment B3 and at the center p3 of the auxiliary line segment B3. become.

FIG. 3 shows a case where it is decided to erect pillars P at positions p1, p2, and p3 in the rectangular range α.
Although not limited to this, the pillar P has a rectangular shape in a plan view that is longer in the depth direction (direction along depth line segment B1) than in the frontage direction (direction along frontage line segment A1). It is said that Although not limited to this, the pillar P in this embodiment has a rectangular cross section with a length in the frontage direction of 400 mm and a length in the depth direction of 1200 mm. The numbers mentioned above for the first length L1 and the second length L2 are examples when the cross-sectional shape of the column P is 400 mm x 1200 mm.
Each column P is assumed to have the same thickness and the same structure of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction. The thickness or cross-sectional shape of each column P is the same in all parts of its length that are equal to or less than the third length, and the reinforcing bars placed inside the column P Runs along the length of P. The third length can be determined, for example, as the upper limit of the floor height per floor.
That is, although there is a restriction that the length of all the columns P in the reinforced concrete frame is equal to or less than the third length, the length does not need to be uniquely determined in advance. On the other hand, the configuration excluding the length of the pillar P, in other words, the configuration per unit length is standardized. The length of the column P determines the floor height of the floor to which the column P belongs in the reinforced concrete frame, so if the reinforced concrete frame adopts a multi-story structure as described later, The lengths of the columns P to which they belong are all made equal. However, it is also possible to standardize the lengths of the columns P belonging to other floors by making them all the same length. In this case, each floor of the reinforced concrete frame, which has a multi-story multi-story structure, will have the same height. In this embodiment, although not limited thereto, it is assumed that all the columns P belonging to each floor of a reinforced concrete frame employing a multi-story structure have the same length.
An example of a column list showing the configuration of columns P used in a reinforced concrete frame is shown in FIGS. 4(A-1) and 4(B-1). Figure 4 (A-1) shows a column list when a reinforced concrete frame is used for a single-family house, and Figure 4 (B-1) shows a list of columns when a reinforced concrete frame is used for a multi-family house. This is the pillar list at the time. All the columns shown in the column list are cross-sectional views of the columns P. In the figure, 191 is a long reinforcing bar that runs in the length direction of the column P or in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper, and 192 is a loop-shaped reinforcing bar that surrounds the long reinforcing bar 191 to prevent their positions from shifting. . The column list includes the dimensions of the column P excluding the length, the configuration of the reinforcing bars (including the number, the arrangement position of the long reinforcing bars 191, the distance in the length direction of the reinforcing bars 191 where the loop-shaped reinforcing bars 192 are arranged, Generally, the types of reinforcing bars 191 and 192 placed, etc.) are also recorded. Note that it is also possible to standardize the pillar list for single-family homes and multi-family housing.
Although a large number, rather than a plurality, of column lists for columns used in a typical concrete frame are created, the number of column lists in this embodiment is small.

Next, a description will be given of how to determine the positions where the frontage beams and the foundation width beams are placed.
The positions at which the frontage beams and the foundation frontage beams are placed are determined by the following two rules: Rule 4 to Rule 5. Rules 4 to 5 will be explained using FIG. 5.
Rule 4) The frontage beam FB horizontally connects all the upper and lower ends of two pillars P that are parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line A1 in a direction parallel to the frontage line A1. It is arranged like this.
Rule 5) The foundation frontage beam FFB is the lower end of all two pillars P that are parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line A1, and the part that touches the ground is connected to the frontage line A1. Arranged so that they are connected horizontally in parallel directions.
See FIG. 5.
First, according to rules 4 and 5, the frontage beam FB or the foundation frontage beam FFB is stretched between the two columns P that are arranged side by side in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view, and the frontage beam FB and the foundation frontage beam FFB overlap.
Both the frontage beam FB and the foundation frontage beam FFB are long. However, their lengths are less than or equal to the second length L2, and are automatically determined based on the positional relationship of the two pillars P connected by them.
Although not limited to this, both the frontage beam FB and the foundation frontage beam FFB, which is a type of frontage beam FB, have a rectangular cross section, and the width, which is the length in the depth direction, is the width in the depth direction of the column P. is equal to the length of . Both the frontage beam FB and the foundation frontage beam FFB are connected to the column P so that both ends of the width direction thereof are aligned with both ends of the column P in the depth direction.
Each frontage beam FB has the same thickness and the same structure of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, and the same applies to the foundation frontage beam FFB. Both the frontage beam FB and the foundation frontage beam FFB have the same thickness or cross-sectional shape throughout their length, and are placed within the frontage beam FB or within the foundation frontage beam FFB. Reinforcement bars are made to run inside them along their length.
In other words, although there is a restriction that the length of all frontage beams FB or foundation frontage beams FFB within a reinforced concrete frame be less than or equal to the second length L2, the length does not need to be uniquely determined in advance. . On the other hand, the configuration excluding the length of the frontage beam FB or the foundation width beam FFB, in other words, the configuration per unit length is standardized. Note that the lengths of the plurality of frontage beams FB that exist in one reinforced concrete frame are the same. Also, the length of the plurality of foundation frontage beams FFB is the same. Furthermore, the lengths of the frontage beam FB and the foundation frontage beam FFB are also the same.
Examples of beam lists showing the configuration of frontage beams FB used for reinforced concrete frames are shown in Figure 4 (A-2), Figure 4 (A-3), Figure 4 (B-2), and Figure 4 (B-3). and is shown below. Figure 4 (A-2) shows a list of frontage beams FB when a reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house, and Figure 4 (B-2) shows a beam list for a reinforced concrete frame. is a beam list of the frontage beam FB when it is for an apartment complex. Figure 4 (A-3) shows the beam list of the foundation frontage beam FFB when the reinforced concrete frame is for a detached house, and Figure 4 (B-3) shows the beam list of the foundation frontage beam FFB when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house. This is a beam list of the foundation frontage beam FFB when the frame is for an apartment complex.
All of the beams shown in the above beam list are cross-sectional views of the frontage beam FB or the foundation frontage beam FFB. In the figure, 191 is a reinforcing bar that runs in the length direction of the frontage beam FB or foundation frontage beam FFB or in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and 192 is a loop-shaped reinforcing bar that surrounds the long reinforcing bar 191 to prevent their positions from shifting. It is rebar. The beam list includes the dimensions of the frontage beam FB or foundation frontage beam FFB excluding the length, the configuration of the reinforcing bars (including the number of long reinforcing bars 191, the location of the long reinforcing bars 191, and the reinforcing bars 191 where the loop-shaped reinforcing bars 192 are placed). Generally, the distance in the length direction, the type of reinforcing bars 191 and 192 placed, etc.) are also recorded. Note that it is also possible to standardize the beam list for single-family homes and apartment complexes for frontage beams FB and foundation frontage beams FFB.
Since foundation frontage beams FFB are generally required to be stronger than frontage beams FB, the thickness (or height) of the latter is larger than the thickness of the former, regardless of whether it is for a single-family home or an apartment complex. ing.
Although a large number of beam lists for frontage beams FB or foundation frontage beams FFB used in general concrete frames will be created, rather than multiple beam lists, the beam list for frontage beams FB or foundation frontage beams FFB in this embodiment is There are few.

Next, a description will be given of how to determine the positions where the depth beams and the base depth beams are placed.
The positions where the depth beam and the base depth beam are arranged are determined by the following two rules, Rules 6 to 7. Rules 6 to 7 will be explained using FIG. 6.
Rule 6) Depth beam DB horizontally connects all the upper and lower ends of two pillars P that are parallel to and adjacent to depth line segment B1 in a direction parallel to depth line segment B1. It is arranged like this.
Rule 7) Foundation depth beam FDB is the bottom end of all two pillars P that are parallel to and adjacent to depth line B1, and the part that touches the ground is connected to depth line B1. Arranged so that they are connected horizontally in parallel directions.
See FIG. 6.
First, according to rules 6 and 7, the depth beam DB or the foundation depth beam FDB is stretched between the two pillars P positioned above and below in FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view, and the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB overlap.
Both the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB are long. However, their lengths are less than or equal to the first length L1, and are automatically determined based on the positional relationship of the two pillars P connected by them.
Although not limited to this, both the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB, which is a type of depth beam DB, have a rectangular cross section, and the width, which is the length in the frontage direction, is the width in the frontage direction of the column P. is equal to the length of . Both the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB are connected to the column P so that both ends in the width direction thereof are aligned with both ends of the column P in the frontage direction.
Each depth beam DB has the same thickness and the same configuration of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, and the same applies to the foundation depth beam FDB. The thickness or cross-sectional shape of both the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB is the same in all parts in the length direction, and the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB are arranged in the depth beam DB or the foundation depth beam FDB. Reinforcement bars are made to run inside them along their length.
In other words, although there is a restriction that the length of all the depth beams DB or foundation depth beams FDB within the reinforced concrete frame is less than or equal to the first length L1, the length does not need to be uniquely determined in advance. . On the other hand, the configuration excluding the length of the depth beam DB or the base depth beam FDB, in other words, the configuration per unit length is standardized. Note that the lengths of the plurality of depth beams DB in one reinforced concrete frame are the same. Also, the lengths of the plurality of foundation depth beams FDB are the same. Furthermore, the lengths of the depth beam DB and the foundation depth beam FDB are also the same.
Examples of beam lists showing the configuration of depth beam DB used for reinforced concrete frames are shown in Figure 4 (A-4), Figure 4 (A-5), Figure 4 (B-4), and Figure 4 (B-5). and is shown below. Figure 4 (A-4) shows the beam list of the depth beam DB when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house, and Figure 4 (B-4) shows the beam list for the reinforced concrete frame. is a beam list of the depth beam DB when it is for an apartment complex. Figure 4 (A-5) shows the beam list of the foundation depth beam FDB when the reinforced concrete frame is for a detached house, and Figure 4 (B-5) shows the beam list of the foundation depth beam FDB when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house. This is a beam list of foundation depth beam FDB when the frame is for an apartment complex.
All of the beams shown in the above beam list are cross-sectional views of the depth beam DB or the foundation depth beam FDB. In the figure, 191 is a reinforcing bar that runs in the length direction of the depth beam DB or foundation depth beam FDB or in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and 192 is a loop-shaped reinforcing bar that surrounds the long reinforcing bar 191 to prevent their positions from shifting. It is rebar. The beam list includes the dimensions of the depth beam DB or foundation depth beam FDB excluding the length, the configuration of reinforcing bars (including the number of long reinforcing bars 191, the location of the long reinforcing bars 191, and the location of the reinforcing bars 191 where the loop-shaped reinforcing bars 192 are placed). Generally, the distance in the length direction, the type of reinforcing bars 191 and 192 placed, etc.) are also recorded. Note that it is also possible to standardize the beam list for single-family homes and apartment complexes in the depth beam DB and foundation depth beam FDB.
Since the foundation depth beam FDB is generally required to be stronger than the depth beam DB, the thickness (or height) of the latter is larger than the thickness of the former, regardless of whether it is for a single-family house or a multifamily building. ing. Although not limited to this, in this embodiment, the thickness of the frontage beam FB and the thickness of the depth beam DB are the same, and the thickness of the foundation frontage beam FFB and the foundation depth beam FDB are the same.
A beam list of the depth beam DB or foundation depth beam FDB used in a general concrete frame is created in a large number rather than in plural, but in this embodiment, the beam list of the depth beam DB or foundation depth beam FDB is There are few.

What has been described above is a method for designing a frame for a reinforced concrete frame of a one-story house or a reinforced concrete frame of the first floor of a multi-story house.
By adding walls and slabs to such a frame, the design of a reinforced concrete frame for a one-story house or a reinforced concrete frame for the first floor of a multi-story house is completed.
Next, the positions where the walls and slabs will be placed will be explained.
First, let's start with the wall.
The position where the wall is placed is determined by the following two rules, Rules 8 to 9. Rules 8 to 9 will be explained using FIGS. 7 and 8.
Rule 8) The wall W blocks the space between adjacent pillars P located on two sides parallel to the frontage line A1 of the rectangular range α in parallel to the frontage line A1.
Rule 9) The wall W blocks the space between adjacent pillars P located on two sides parallel to the depth line segment B1 or on the auxiliary line segment B3 of the rectangular range α in parallel to the depth line segment B1.
Refer to FIGS. 7 and 8.
First, according to Rule 8, four walls W are arranged with the horizontal direction as the length direction in FIGS. 7 and 8. Wall W is rectangular. Of the four sides of the wall W arranged according to Rule 8, two vertical sides are connected to the pillar P, and two horizontal sides are connected to the frontage beam FB or the foundation frontage beam FFB. As shown in FIG. 7, the wall W is basically constructed on the frontage line segment A1 in the rectangular range α and the line segment A2 which is the opposite side of the frontage line segment A1 (that is, on the outline of the rectangular range α). be done. However, as long as the wall W satisfies the condition of being arranged parallel to the frontage line segment A1, the wall W should be placed at a position inside the rectangular range α from the frontage line segment A1, like the lower wall W in FIG. I don't care if you get hit. That is, the wall W may be designed to be placed away from the outline of the rectangular range α. In other words, there is a certain degree of freedom in design regarding the placement position of the wall W.
Next, according to rule 9, six walls are arranged whose length direction is the vertical direction in FIGS. 7 and 8. Wall W is rectangular. Of the four sides of the wall W arranged according to Rule 9, two vertical sides are connected to the pillar P, and two horizontal sides are connected to the depth beam DB or the foundation depth beam FDB. Even in this case, it is permissible to position the wall W that is not on the auxiliary line segment B3 at a position that is off the contour of the rectangular range α (in other words, a certain degree of freedom is given to the placement position of the wall W). ), but in FIGS. 7 and 8, the wall W is placed on the outline of the rectangular range α, that is, on the depth line segment B1 and the line segment B2, which is the opposite side of the depth line segment B1. There is.
Regardless of whether the wall W is arranged according to Rule 8 or 9, the wall W is plate-shaped, as is well known. The walls W are also standardized in the same way as the pillars P and the like, so that the configuration per unit area is the same. Since the wall W does not play the role of supporting the weight of the reinforced concrete frame, it is sufficient to have a minimum level of robustness.
Examples of wall lists showing the configuration of walls W used in a reinforced concrete frame are shown in FIGS. 4 (A-6) and 4 (B-6). Figure 4 (A-6) shows a list of walls W when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house, and Figure 4 (B-6) shows a list of walls W when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house. This is a list of walls W for a residential complex.
All of the walls shown in the above wall list are cross-sectional views of the wall W. In the figure, reference numeral 191 denotes a reinforcing bar that runs inside the wall W in the width direction or in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. In the figure, 191X is a reinforcing bar that runs in the wall W in the vertical direction with respect to the plane of the paper, parallel to the plane of the paper. The wall list generally records the dimensions of the wall (wall thickness) and the configuration of the reinforcing bars (the spacing between the reinforcing bars 191 and 191X running in the width and height directions of the wall W, the type of reinforcing bars, etc.). be. Note that it is also possible to share the wall list for walls W for a single-family home and for an apartment complex.

The position where the slab is placed is determined by the following rule 10. Rule 10 will be explained using FIGS. 9 and 10.
Rule 10) Slab S is surrounded by two frontage beams FB and two depth beams DB, or two foundation frontage beams FFB and two foundation depth beams FDB at the height positions above and below column P. Horizontally close the rectangular space that is created.
Refer to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the designed reinforced concrete frame in the state shown in FIG. 9, viewed from the lateral direction in FIG. However, in FIG. 10, illustration of the wall W is omitted.
According to rule 10, four slabs S are arranged vertically and horizontally in a 2×2 pattern in FIG. Slab S is rectangular. The slabs S arranged according to rule 10 are horizontal and arranged above and below the pillars P. The four sides of the slab S are connected to two frontage beams FB and two depth beams DB, or to two foundation frontage beams FFB and two foundation depth beams FDB.
As is well known, all slabs S are plate-shaped. The slab S is also standardized in the same manner as the pillars P, etc., so that the structure per unit area is the same. Since the slab S does not play a role in supporting the weight of the reinforced concrete frame, its robustness may be minimal.
Examples of slab lists showing the configuration of slabs S used for reinforced concrete frames are shown in Figures 4 (A-7) and 4 (B-7). Figure 4 (A-7) shows the slab list of slab S when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a single-family house, and Figure 4 (B-7) shows the slab list of the slab S when the reinforced concrete frame is used for a detached house. This is a slab list of slab S for apartment housing.
All of the slabs shown in the above slab list are cross-sectional views of the slab S. In the figure, reference numeral 191 denotes a reinforcing bar running inside the slab S in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. In the figure, 191X is a reinforcing bar running in the left-right direction in parallel to the plane of the paper in the slab S. The slab list generally records the dimensions of the slab (slab thickness) and the configuration of the reinforcing bars (the spacing between the reinforcing bars 191 and 191X running orthogonally to each other in the slab S, the type of reinforcing bars, etc.) . Note that it is also possible to use the same slab list for the slab S for single-family homes and for multifamily housing.

What has been described above is a method for designing a reinforced concrete frame for a one-story house or a reinforced concrete frame for the first floor of a multi-story house.
Of course, houses with reinforced concrete frames may have a multi-story structure.
When designing a reinforced concrete frame with a multi-layer structure, install a new column on top of every column P that is less than or equal to the third length and has the same thickness and lengthwise reinforcement structure as column P. It is assumed that at least one P is extended and connected to all the pillars P in the same number in the vertical direction. If there is one column P that is extended and connected to the original column P, the reinforced concrete frame will be a two-story structure, and if there are two columns P that are extended and connected, the reinforced concrete frame will be a three-story structure, and so on. It is.
Then, in the same way as when designing the first floor of the reinforced concrete frame, the upper end of the newly added column P is connected with the frontage beam FB and the depth beam DB, and the wall W and slab S are arranged. However, since a certain degree of freedom as described above is allowed regarding the placement position of the wall W, the placement position of the wall W on each floor does not need to be completely the same.

In the above manner, the design of a reinforced concrete frame for a residential building is completed.
Note that the design order of the column P, frontage beam FB, foundation frontage beam FFB, depth beam DB, foundation depth beam FDB, wall W, and slab S does not need to be in the above-mentioned order.
Furthermore, in the case of a multi-layered reinforced concrete frame, there is no need to design the first floor first and then the second floor. For example, the entire frame of a reinforced concrete frame having a multi-story structure may be designed first, and then the walls W and slab S to be attached to the frame may be designed.
In addition, in the above example, explanations are omitted about the design of the holes for installing the window frame that should be provided in the wall W and the holes for attaching the door. Although a description of the design of the holes has been omitted, these can be designed in accordance with conventional techniques.
Further, in this reinforced concrete frame, for example, any one of the walls W can be made of glass on one side. Even if this is done, the wall W and the slab S do not play a role of supporting the load of the reinforced concrete frame, so that sufficient strength of the reinforced concrete frame is guaranteed.

The reason why the load of the reinforced concrete frame can be supported by the frame alone, regardless of the walls W or the slab S, is as follows.
This will be explained using perspective views of an example frame F shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
FIGS. 11 and 12 are perspective views of a frame F of a reinforced concrete frame designed by the method for designing a reinforced concrete frame described above.
In FIG. 11, of the two front sides of the rectangular range α at the lower end of the frame F, the left side is the frontage line segment A1, and the right side is the depth line segment B1.
In the example of FIG. 11, the frontage line segment A1 is less than or equal to the second length L2, and the depth line segment B1 is longer than twice the first length L1 and shorter than three times the first length L1.
As a result, the frame F designed according to the above rules 1 to 7 becomes as shown in FIG. 11. Here, the four columns P, four frontage beams FB (to be exact, two frontage beams FB and two foundation frontage beams FFB), and four depth beams are shaded in the diagram. The rectangular parallelepiped range defined by DB (more precisely, the two depth beams DB and the two foundation depth beams FDB) corresponds to the reference frame SF described in the overview of the present invention. The frame F shown in FIG. 11 has one reference frame SF connected in the frontage line segment A1 direction, three in the depth line segment B direction, and three reference frames SF in the vertical direction.
In FIG. 12, of the two front sides of the rectangular range α at the lower end of the frame, the right side is the frontage line segment A1, and the left side is the depth line segment B1.
In the example of FIG. 12, the frontage line segment A1 is longer than twice the second length L2 and shorter than three times the second length L2, and the depth line segment B1 is less than or equal to the first length L1.
As a result, the frame F designed according to the above rules 1 to 7 becomes as shown in FIG. 12. The frame shown in FIG. 12 is a frame in which three reference frames SF described in FIG. 11 are connected in the frontage line segment A1 direction, one in the depth line segment B direction, and three in the vertical direction.
Here, the column P, the frontage beam FB, the foundation width beam FFB, the depth beam DB, the foundation depth beam FDB, the wall W, and the slab S move the reference frame SF in the frontage line direction, depth line direction, and vertical direction, respectively. A frame F having an approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole is formed by connecting X, Y, and Z frames (however, restrictions can be placed on the combinations of X, Y, and Z), and the above rules are applied to According to Rules 8 to 10, the frame F is standardized so that it is sufficient to support the load of the entire reinforced concrete frame even if walls W and slabs S are added.
Therefore, if the combination of numbers specified by X, Y, and Z mentioned above falls within the range of combinations planned by the designer, then the frame made by arranging the reference frames SF in the vertical, horizontal, and height directions A reinforced concrete frame with F is automatically guaranteed to have sufficient strength to support the load of the reinforced concrete frame. In other words, the above-mentioned column list that specifies the configuration of the column P, the above-mentioned beam list that specifies the configuration of the frontage beam FB, foundation frontage beam FFB, depth beam DB, and foundation depth beam FDB, and the above-mentioned beam list that specifies the configuration of the wall W. The wall list and the above-mentioned slab list that specifies the configuration of slab S satisfy the condition that when the reference frames SF are arranged in the vertical, horizontal and vertical directions, the frame F is sufficient to support the load of the reinforced concrete frame. If a set is prepared in advance in such a state, the frame F in the reinforced concrete frame made according to rules 1 to 10 above will automatically have a frame F that is sufficient to support the load of the reinforced concrete frame. It will have strength.
This is because the frame F in the reinforced concrete frame designed in this way has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the reference frames SF are stacked in the vertical and horizontal height directions, or at least one of the vertical and horizontal heights is higher than the reference frames SF. This is because the frame has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which frames (quasi-reference frames described in the overview of the present invention) with short frames are stacked in the vertical, horizontal, and height directions.

When designing the frame F shown in FIG. 11, the auxiliary line segment B3 does not appear. Therefore, on each floor from the first floor to the third floor, there is no wall W that partitions the space on each floor by being arranged on the auxiliary line segment B3.
Therefore, the reinforced concrete frame having the frame F shown in FIG. 11 is suitable for a single-family house that includes an internal staircase connecting the first and second floors and an internal staircase that connects the second and third floors.
When designing the frame shown in FIG. 12, two auxiliary line segments B3 appear. As a result, walls W are arranged on each floor from the first floor to the third floor so as to divide each floor into three.
Therefore, the reinforced concrete frame having the frame F shown in FIG. 12 is provided with an internal staircase connecting the first floor and the second floor, and an internal staircase connecting the second floor and the third floor, so that the shaded area in FIG. The building is suitable for a three-story apartment building with three maisonette-type rooms arranged side by side, with each section as one unit. Alternatively, by adding external stairs and external passageways as appropriate and eliminating the internal stairs mentioned above, the reinforced concrete frame with the frame shown in Figure 12 can be constructed into a set of nine rooms in total, with three independent rooms on each floor. It is suitable for housing.

≪Reinforced concrete frame≫
The reinforced concrete frame in this embodiment is constructed according to the design drawings designed by the design method described above.
Reinforced concrete frames can be constructed using conventional construction methods.
For example, in the case of a reinforced concrete frame for a one-story residential building, first, formwork is assembled, reinforcing bars are placed inside the formwork as appropriate, and concrete is poured into the assembled formwork and cured. By hardening, a foundation frontage beam FFB, a foundation depth beam FDB, and a slab S corresponding to the first floor floor are constructed.
Next, the formwork assembled to construct the foundation frontage beam FFB and foundation depth beam FDB is removed, the formwork is reassembled, reinforcing bars are appropriately placed inside the formwork, and concrete is placed inside the assembled formwork. By pouring and curing and hardening, pillars P, frontage beams FB, depth beams DB, walls W, and slabs S corresponding to the ceiling of the first floor are constructed.
As a result, a reinforced concrete frame for a one-story residential building will be completed.
In the case of a multi-story reinforced concrete frame for a two-story residential building, for example, after completing the first floor concrete frame as described above, the first floor column P and the frontage beam FB are After removing the formwork assembled to construct the depth beam DB, wall W, and slab S corresponding to the ceiling of the first floor, the formwork was reassembled and reinforcing bars were placed appropriately inside the formwork. , By pouring concrete into the assembled formwork and curing and hardening, the columns P, frontage beam FB, depth beam DB, wall W, and ceiling of the second floor of the second floor were created. Build slab S.
The floors above the third floor can also be constructed by repeating the same operations.
In a reinforced concrete frame, for example, a portion where a column P, a frontage beam FB, and a depth beam DB intersect, or a column P, a foundation frontage beam FFB, and a foundation depth beam FDB intersect, as surrounded by a broken line in Fig. 12. (the part where the reinforcing bars are fixed) exists.
In that part, the reinforcing bars extending in the length direction of the column P, the reinforcing bars extending in the length direction of the frontage beam FB, and the reinforcing bars extending in the length direction of the depth beam DB, or the reinforcing bars extending in the length direction of the depth beam DB, The reinforcing bars extending in the length direction of the foundation frontage beam FFB, and the reinforcing bars extending in the length direction of the foundation depth beam FDB intersect with each other. By intersecting reinforcing bars in the frontage line direction, depth line direction, and vertical direction at the relevant parts, the columns P and the frontage beam FB, the column P and the depth beam DB, the column P and the foundation frontage beam FFB, and the column P and the foundation It is possible to strengthen the connection between the depth beams FDB, and it is useful for increasing the load resistance of the reinforced concrete frame.
For example, the elongated reinforcing bars 191 in the column P usually extend from the top to the bottom of the reinforced concrete frame. Then, the reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the frontage beam FB, the reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the depth beam DB, the reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the foundation frontage beam FFB, and the ends of the reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the foundation depth beam FDB. Both can be made to penetrate into the interior of the pillar P by an appropriate length, for example, about 400 mm. The reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the frontage beam FB, the reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the depth beam DB, the reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the foundation frontage beam FFB, and the part that goes inside the column P of the foundation depth beam FDB are set at right angles. It may be bent or folded back into a U-shape.
In this way, intersecting the reinforcing bars contained inside each column and beam three-dimensionally at the joint of the column and beam is called anchoring, but in the column list, beam list, etc. The reinforcing bars that extend, the reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the frontage beam FB, the reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the depth beam DB, or the reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the column P, and the reinforcing bars that extend in the length direction of the foundation frontage beam FFB. It is also preferable to standardize the method of anchoring each reinforcing bar at the intersections of the reinforcing bars that extend and the reinforcing bars that extend in the longitudinal direction of the foundation depth beam FDB.

α Rectangular range A1 Frontage line segment B1 Depth line segment B3 Auxiliary line segment a Frontage division position b Depth division position P Column FB Frontage beam DB Depth beam FFB Foundation frontage beam FDB Foundation depth beam W Wall S Slab

Claims (9)

A frontage line segment that is an imaginary line segment of a predetermined length that extends in the frontage direction, and a depth line that is an imaginary line segment of a predetermined length that extends from one end of the frontage line segment in a direction perpendicular to the frontage line segment. At least both ends of two sides parallel to the depth line segment of a rectangular range defined by a plan view rectangle defined by and a depth dividing position, which is a position on the two sides that equally divides the two sides into lengths equal to or less than the first length, and when the length is longer than the second length, which is the predetermined length. An imaginary line segment having the same length as the depth line segment extending parallel to the depth line segment from a frontage dividing position that is a position on the frontage line segment that equally divides the frontage line segment into the second length or less. It is a vertical long material having a length equal to or less than a predetermined third length, which is erected at both ends of a certain auxiliary line segment and at a position corresponding to the depth division position on the auxiliary line segment. multiple pillars,
A plurality of frontages that are long members that horizontally connect the upper and lower ends of two of the pillars located parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line in a direction parallel to the frontage line. a beam, and a plurality of foundation frontage beams that are in contact with the ground among the frontage beams,
A plurality of depth beams that are long members that horizontally connect the upper and lower ends of two of the columns that are parallel to and adjacent to the depth line segment in a direction parallel to the depth line segment. , and a plurality of foundation depth beams that are in contact with the ground among the depth beams,
Among the pillars located on two sides parallel to the frontage line of the rectangular range, the space between adjacent pillars is closed in a plate shape parallel to the frontage line, or the depth line of the rectangular range is A plurality of walls that block the space between adjacent columns parallel to the depth line segment in a plate-like manner among the pillars located on two sides parallel to the depth line or on the auxiliary line segment;
A rectangular space surrounded by the two frontage beams and the two depth beams, or the two foundation frontage beams and the two foundation depth beams, at the vertical height of the pillar, is horizontally multiple slabs that block the
A reinforced concrete frame for housing, comprising:
The structural design strength of the frame constituted only by the columns, the frontage beam, the foundation frontage beam, the depth beam, and the foundation depth beam is sufficient,
All of the plurality of columns have the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcing bar configuration,
All of the plurality of frontage beams have the same thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the length direction,
All of the plurality of foundation frontage beams have the same thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the length direction,
All of the plurality of depth beams have the same thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the length direction,
All of the plurality of foundation depth beams have the same thickness and configuration of reinforcing bars in the length direction,
All of the plurality of walls have the same configuration per predetermined unit area,
All of the plurality of slabs have the same configuration per predetermined unit area,
Reinforced concrete frame. The frontage line segment is equal to or less than the second length,
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 1. The frontage line segment has the second length or more,
Two adjacent spaces separated by the auxiliary line segment are configured to constitute another house,
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 1. At least one extension column, which is a new column whose length is equal to or less than the third length and has the same thickness and longitudinal reinforcing bar configuration as the column, is placed on top of all the columns. The same number of connections are extended vertically, and
A new set of the frontage beam, the depth beam, the wall, and the slab each having the same configuration as the frontage beam, the depth beam, the wall, and the slab is provided for each extended column. As a result, the housing has a multi-story structure,
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 1. The length of the extension column is equal to the length of the column.
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 4. The pillar has a rectangular shape in a plan view where the length in the depth direction is longer than the length in the frontage direction.
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 1. The width, which is the length of the frontage beam in the depth direction, is equal to the length of the column in the depth direction,
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 6. The width, which is the length of the depth beam in the frontage direction, is equal to the length of the column in the frontage direction.
The reinforced concrete frame according to claim 6. A frontage line segment that is an imaginary line segment of a predetermined length that extends in the frontage direction, and a depth line that is an imaginary line segment of a predetermined length that extends from one end of the frontage line segment in a direction perpendicular to the frontage line segment. Based on the rectangular range that is the range of the rectangle in plan view defined by
A plurality of columns, which are vertically erected and have the same configuration except for the length, are long members having a length equal to or less than a predetermined length, a third length;
A plurality of frontage beams that horizontally connect the upper and lower ends of the two adjacent pillars on the same imaginary line segment parallel to the frontage line segment, and a plurality of foundation frontages that are in contact with the ground among the frontage beams. beam and
A plurality of depth beams that horizontally connect the upper and lower ends of the two adjacent columns on the same imaginary line segment parallel to the depth line segment, and a plurality of foundation depths that are in contact with the ground among the depth beams. beam and
A plurality of plate-shaped walls closing between predetermined two of the pillars,
A plurality of plate-shaped slabs that horizontally close predetermined spaces at upper and lower height positions of the pillars;
A reinforced concrete frame for a residential building is constructed by combining the thickness of the columns, the configuration of reinforcing bars in the length direction, the width of each of the frontage beam, the foundation frontage beam, the depth beam, and the foundation depth beam. and the configuration of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, the configuration per unit area of the wall, and the slab, respectively, are composed only of the column, the frontage beam, the foundation frontage beam, the depth beam, and the foundation depth beam. A method for designing a reinforced concrete frame, which is designed after standardizing and determining the strength within the structural design of the frame,
determining the respective lengths of the frontage line segment and the depth line segment;
At least both ends of the two sides parallel to the depth line segment of the rectangular range, and the two sides parallel to the depth line segment when the length is longer than the first length which is a predetermined length, are equal to or less than the first length. The pillars are erected as a pair with the depth dividing position, which is a position on the two sides dividing the length equally, and the frontage line segment when the length is longer than the second length, which is the predetermined length, is the second length. Both ends of an auxiliary line segment that is a virtual line segment with the same length as the depth line segment extending parallel to the depth line segment from a frontage division position that is a position on the frontage line segment that is equally divided into areas equal to or less than a step of determining to erect the standardized pillar at a position corresponding to the depth division position on the auxiliary line segment;
A process of deciding to connect the upper and lower ends of two of the columns that are parallel to and adjacent to the frontage line segment with the standardized frontage beam or the foundation frontage beam; ,
A process of determining to connect the upper and lower ends of two of the columns that are parallel to and adjacent to the depth line segment with the standardized depth beam or the foundation depth beam; ,
Of the pillars located on two sides parallel to the frontage line segment of the rectangular range, a space between adjacent pillars is closed by the standardized wall parallel to the frontage line segment, and the rectangular range It is determined that the space between adjacent pillars located on two sides parallel to the depth line segment or on the auxiliary line segment is to be closed by the standardized wall parallel to the depth line segment. process and
A rectangular space in plan view surrounded by the two frontage beams and the two depth beams, or the two foundation frontage beams and the two foundation depth beams at the upper and lower height positions of the pillar. determining plugging with the standardized slab;
including,
Design method.

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