JP7372250B2 - 光起電力素子における吸収体層の第v族ドーピングの方法 - Google Patents
光起電力素子における吸収体層の第v族ドーピングの方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7372250B2 JP7372250B2 JP2020541945A JP2020541945A JP7372250B2 JP 7372250 B2 JP7372250 B2 JP 7372250B2 JP 2020541945 A JP2020541945 A JP 2020541945A JP 2020541945 A JP2020541945 A JP 2020541945A JP 7372250 B2 JP7372250 B2 JP 7372250B2
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1828—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1828—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe
- H01L31/1832—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe comprising ternary compounds, e.g. Hg Cd Te
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1872—Recrystallisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0296—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe
- H01L31/02963—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe characterised by the doping material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0296—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe
- H01L31/02966—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe including ternary compounds, e.g. HgCdTe
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
- H01L31/073—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising only AIIBVI compound semiconductors, e.g. CdS/CdTe solar cells
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Description
[発明の態様]
[1]
吸収体層にドープする方法であって、
該吸収体層をアニーリング化合物と接触させること、
ここで、該吸収体層がカドミウムおよびテルルを含み、
該アニーリング化合物が、塩化カドミウムならびにアニオンおよびカチオンを含む第V族塩を含み、
該アニオン、該カチオン、または両方が第V族元素を含み、
該アニーリング化合物内での塩化カドミウム対第V族塩の比率が、体積当たりの重量ベースで、少なくとも30:1である、ならびに
該吸収体層をアニールすること、ここで該吸収体層が、該アニーリング化合物の第V族元素の少なくとも一部でドープされる、
を含む、方法。
[2]
該アニーリング化合物が溶液であり、該アニーリング化合物の総量に対する該第V族塩の割合が、1リットルあたり100グラム未満である、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]
該アニーリング化合物の総量に対する該第V族塩の割合が、1リットルあたり1/25グラム~20グラムの間である、[2]に記載の方法。
[4]
該吸収体層の粒子の大きさが、該吸収体層のアニーリング中に増大する、[1]に記載の方法。
[5]
該第V族塩がヒ酸二水素アンモニウムである、[1]に記載の方法。
[6]
該第V族塩がリン酸水素二アンモニウムである、[1]に記載の方法。
[7]
該第V族元素が窒素である、[1]に記載の方法。
[8]
該第V族元素がリンである、[1]に記載の方法。
[9]
該第V族元素がヒ素である、[1]に記載の方法。
[10]
該第V族元素がアンチモンである、[1に記載の方法。
[11]
該第V族元素がビスマスである、[1]に記載の方法。
[12]
該吸収体層がアニールされる間、該吸収体層を還元環境に曝露することを含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[13]
該還元環境が、該第V族酸化物の形成を軽減するように構成されたフォーミングガスを含み、該フォーミングガスが、水素、窒素、炭素、またはこれらの組合せを含む、[12]に記載の方法。
[14]
該吸収体層が350℃~500℃の間の温度で5分~60分の間アニールされる、[1]に記載の方法。
[15]
該アニーリング化合物がアルカリ金属塩化物を含み、
該第V族ドーパントの少なくとも一部が、該吸収体層のアニーリング中に活性化される、
[1]に記載の方法。
[16]
該吸収体層がアニールされた後、該吸収体層の中央領域での該第V族ドーパントの原子濃度が1×1016cm-3より大きい、[1]に記載の方法。
[17]
該吸収体層がセレンを含む、[1に記載の方法。
[18]
該吸収体層の粒子の大きさが、該吸収体層のアニーリング中に増大する、[1]から[3]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[19]
該第V族塩がヒ酸二水素アンモニウムである、[1]から[3]および[18]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[20]
該第V族塩がリン酸水素二アンモニウムである、[1]から[3]および[18]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[21]
該第V族元素が窒素である、[1]から[3]および[18]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[22]
該第V族元素がリンである、[1]から[3]および[18]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[23]
該第V族元素がヒ素である、[1]から[3]および[18]から[20]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[24]
該第V族元素がアンチモンである、[1]から[3]および[18]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[25]
該第V族元素がビスマスである、[1]から[3]および[18]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[26]
該吸収体層をアニールしながら、吸収体層を還元環境に曝露するステップを含む、[1]から[3]および[18]から[25]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[27]
該還元環境が第V族酸化物の形成を軽減するように構成されたフォーミングガスを含み、該フォーミングガスが、水素、窒素、炭素、またはこれらの組合せを含む、[26]に記載の方法。
[28]
該吸収体層が350℃~500℃の間の温度で、5分~60分の間アニールされる、[1]から[3]および[18]から[27]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[29]
該アニーリング化合物がアルカリ金属塩化物を含み、
該第V族ドーパントの少なくとも一部が、吸収体層のアニーリング中に活性化される、
[1]から[3][および[18]から[28]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[30]
該吸収体層がアニールされた後、該吸収体層の中央領域での第V族ドーパントの原子濃度が1×1016cm-3より大きい、[1]から[3]および[18]から[29]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[31]
該吸収体層がセレンを含む、[1]から[3]および[18]から[30]のいずれかに記載の方法。
Claims (13)
- 吸収体層にドープする方法であって、
該吸収体層を、アニーリング化合物と接触させること、
ここで、該吸収体層がカドミウムおよびテルルを含み、
該アニーリング化合物が、塩化カドミウムならびにアニオンおよびカチオンを含む第V族塩を含み、
該アニオン、該カチオン、または両方が第V族元素を含み、
該第V族塩が、ヒ酸二水素アンモニウム、リン酸水素二アンモニウム、ヒ酸アンモニウム、ヒ酸カドミウム、(メタ)亜ヒ酸ナトリウム、三塩化ビスマス、またはこれらの組合せの少なくとも1つを含み、
該アニーリング化合物内での塩化カドミウムの第V族塩に対する比率が、体積当たりの重量ベースで、少なくとも30である、
ならびに
該吸収体層をアニールすること、これにより該吸収体層が、該アニーリング化合物の第V族元素の少なくとも一部でドープされる、
を含む、方法。 - 該アニーリング化合物が溶液であり、該アニーリング化合物の総量に対する該第V族塩の割合が、1リットルあたり100グラム未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該アニーリング化合物の総量に対する該第V族塩の割合が、1リットルあたり1/25グラム~20グラムの間である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 該吸収体層の粒子の大きさが、該吸収体層のアニーリング中に増大する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該第V族塩がヒ酸二水素アンモニウムである、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 該第V族塩がリン酸水素二アンモニウムである、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 該吸収体層がアニールされる間、該吸収体層を還元環境に曝露することを含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 該還元環境が、該第V族酸化物の形成を軽減するように構成されたフォーミングガスを含み、該フォーミングガスが、水素、窒素、炭素、またはこれらの組合せを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 該吸収体層が350℃~500℃の間の温度で5分~60分の間アニールされる、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 該アニーリング化合物がアルカリ金属塩化物を含み、
該第V族ドーパントの少なくとも一部が、該吸収体層のアニーリング中に活性化される、
請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 該吸収体層がアニールされた後、該吸収体層の中央領域での該第V族ドーパントの原子濃度が1×1016cm-3より大きい、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 該吸収体層がセレンを含む、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 該アニーリング化合物がアルカリ金属塩化物を含み、そして
該アニーリング化合物内でのアルカリ金属のカドミウムに対する原子比率は、10,000ppm未満である、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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MY192457A (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2022-08-22 | First Solar Inc | Thin film stacks for group v doping, photovoltaic devices including the same, and methods for forming photovoltaic devices with thin film stacks |
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US20170352775A1 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Methods for Creating Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) and Related Alloy Film |
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