JP7357514B2 - knitted fabric for clothing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a knitted fabric for clothing that has high puncture strength, is flexible, has excellent dimensional stability, and has less wrinkles after washing, and clothing using the same.

Many fabrics have been proposed in the past that have increased cut resistance using high-strength fibers. For example, as a knitted product to prevent accidents caused by cuts from glass, etc., a protective cover is made of a double-knit structure made of organic fibers that are at least partially made of high-strength fibers with a tensile strength of 25 cN/dtex or more. has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). Although this protective cover had excellent cut resistance, its ability to prevent penetration when a stick or the like was applied perpendicularly to the fabric or pressed against it was poor.

Furthermore, knitted gloves that are not only cut resistant but also have excellent flexibility have been proposed (see Patent Document 2). The knitted fabric of Patent Document 2 has a plurality of first loops and a first transition part that connects the first loops, and the plurality of first loops are arranged in a course direction to form a plurality of first courses. , comprising a plurality of second loops and a plurality of second courses in which the plurality of second loops are arranged in the course direction, and the first knitting yarn constituting the first course has an elongation rate of 12 .5% or more, and the second knitting yarn constituting the second course has a yarn containing cut-resistant fiber, and at least a portion between adjacent first loops of one of the first courses The loops of the courses of the other stages are arranged, and the first transition section is knitted so as to straddle the loops. This knitted fabric uses elastic yarn to increase stretch and contraction, and the presence of the transition section allows the yarn to be loose, resulting in a highly flexible knitted fabric. However, these structures have a problem in that the loops of the knitted fabric are easily movable, resulting in poor piercing resistance. Furthermore, these knitted fabrics tend to shrink easily when washed and have poor dimensional changes, making them difficult to use for clothing.

Conventionally, fabrics with high puncture strength have often been made by stacking multiple layers of fabrics that can easily be made denser. As an example of a fabric that has high puncture strength using this method, a fabric that uses a blended yarn composed of synthetic fiber filaments in the warp and functional fibers with high strength and high elastic modulus in the weft has been proposed. (See Patent Document 3). However, when this fabric is washed, it wrinkles strongly and looks bad when worn, so ironing is required after drying, and ironing is not possible if the fabric is heat-sensitive. It was difficult.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-214015 JP2017-226930A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-98656

The present invention was made in view of the current state of the prior art as described above, and its purpose is to provide a knitted fabric with high density and high puncture strength, while being flexible, having good dimensional stability, and being washable. To provide a knitted fabric for clothing that is less prone to wrinkles and clothing using the same.

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors discovered that at least one of the front and back surfaces of the double knit is a high-density knitted fabric composed of a layer composed only of knit and welt. It has been found that a knitted fabric with excellent piercing properties can be obtained by Furthermore, it has been found that by forming the structure of at least one side into a finely packed structure with a repeated knit-welt structure, a knitted fabric with high density and high puncture strength can be obtained. Furthermore, we have discovered that these knitted fabrics can provide a knitted fabric with excellent dimensional stability and wrinkle suppression after washing, while forming a woven pattern and maintaining the bulge and elasticity of the knitted fabric. Ta.

The present invention was completed based on the above findings, and has the following configurations (1) to (8).
(1) At least one of the front and back sides is a double knit fabric consisting of only knit loops and welts, and the yarn forming the front and back sides is a single yarn with a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more. It is made of synthetic fibers with a fineness of 0.5 to 7.0 dtex and a total fineness of 200 to 1000 dtex, and is characterized by a knitted fabric having a burst strength of 4000 to 20000 N according to the JIS-L1096B method (constant speed elongation type method). Knitted fabric for clothing.
(2) In a double knit where at least either the front or back side is composed only of knit loops and welts, the structure in which knits and welts continue alternately as a unit accounts for 75% or more of the structure that makes up that surface. The knitted fabric for clothing according to (1), characterized in that:
(3) The yarn length ratio (a/b) between the average yarn length a of the yarns constituting the front surface and the average yarn length b of the yarns constituting the back surface is 0.60 to 0.99 (1) Or the knitted fabric for clothing described in (2).
(4) The back side is composed of 50% by weight or more of high-strength organic fibers with a breaking strength of 10 cN/dtex or more, and the knitted fabric has a bursting strength of 6,000 to 20,000 N (1) to ( The knitted fabric for clothing according to any one of 3).
(5) The surface is composed of polyester fibers and/or nylon fibers with a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more, and the dimensional change rate of the knitted fabric after 5 washes when line-dried using the JIS L1930 C4N method is ±5% or less. , The knitted fabric for clothing according to any one of (1) to (4), which has wrinkles of grade 3 or higher after washing.
(6) The knitted fabric for clothing according to any one of (1) to (5), characterized in that the tuck portion connecting the front and back surfaces is present in 1 to 25% of the total structure including the front and back structures. .
(7) Clothing characterized by using the knitted fabric for clothing according to any one of (1) to (6).
(8) The clothing according to (7), wherein the clothing is a bulletproof vest, combat uniform, work clothes for the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry or the steel industry, or a fencing uniform.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a knitted fabric for clothing that has high puncture strength, has flexibility for easy movement when worn, has excellent dimensional stability after washing, and is resistant to wrinkles. Since the knitted fabric of the present invention has such characteristics, it is suitable for use in bulletproof vests, combat uniforms, work clothes for the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry or the steel industry, or fencing uniforms, and is particularly suitable for fencing uniforms. It is.

FIG. 1 shows a reversible knitting structure diagram used in Example 1. FIG. 2 shows a reversible knitting structure diagram used in Example 2. FIG. 3 shows a reversible knitting structure diagram used in Example 3. FIG. 4 shows a knitting structure diagram of the welt jersey used in Comparative Example 1. FIG. 5 shows a knitting organization diagram of Mock Rody used in Comparative Example 2. FIG. 6 shows a weave structure diagram of the plain weave used in Comparative Example 3.

The knitted fabric of the present invention consists of a double knit in which at least one of the front and back sides is composed of only knit loops and a welt. Double knits include rib knitting and interlock knitting depending on the relative positions of front and back needles, but in the present invention, it is preferable to knit with rib gating, in which the dial needles and cylinder needles are misaligned. . Rib gating allows knitting with higher needle density, resulting in a higher density knitted fabric. Furthermore, when viewed from the thickness direction, the loops on the back are arranged between the loops on the front surface, making it possible to increase the resistance to puncture by a stick with a small diameter.

In the knitted fabric of the present invention, the yarns that form at least the front and back surfaces and directly contribute to the strength of each surface are synthetic fibers with a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more, preferably 7 cN/dtex or more. The upper limit of the strength is realistically about 50 cN/dtex. Examples of such synthetic fibers include (ultra) high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, polyarylate fibers, polybenzazole fibers, carbon fibers, polyester fibers, and nylon fibers. When the knitted fabric of the present invention is used for fencing uniforms, combat uniforms, etc., ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are preferable since lightness and ease of movement are required as well as strength. When heat resistance is required, it is preferable to use para-aramid fibers or PBO fibers. Regarding polyethylene fibers, while ordinary polyethylene has a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 300,000, the high molecular weight polyethylene referred to in the present invention refers to fibers with a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more, particularly those with a weight average molecular weight of 1,500,000. The above is defined as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. These fibers are not limited to being used alone, and may be selected from one or more types of fibers.

The yarn having a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more constituting the synthetic fiber may be a long fiber or a spun yarn. When long fibers are used, raw silk is preferably used. When a thread is subjected to processing such as crimping, the apparent elongation of the thread increases, so that the penetration property tends to decrease. However, if raw silk is prone to single yarn cracks and knitting becomes difficult, cover with other yarns, interlace interlacing treatment, or additional twisting to give the yarn convergence and knitting. can do.

The total fineness of the yarn constituting the synthetic fiber is preferably 200 to 1000 dtex. More preferably 250 to 900 dtex. If the total fineness is less than the above lower limit, there is a concern that the finished knitted fabric will not have sufficient strength. If the above upper limit is exceeded, the knitted loops become too large and the piercing performance tends to decrease. The single yarn fineness of the yarn constituting the synthetic fiber is preferably 0.5 to 7.0 dtex. More preferably, it is 1.0 to 6.0 dtex. If the single yarn fineness is less than the above-mentioned lower limit, it will be difficult for the finished knitted fabric to have sufficient strength, and if it exceeds the above-mentioned upper limit, it will be difficult to achieve high piercing properties.

The fibers constituting the surface of the knitted fabric of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are synthetic fibers having a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more, but it is preferable to use polyester fibers and/or nylon fibers. More preferably, polyethylene terephthalate fibers and/or nylon 6 fibers and/or nylon 66 fibers are used. This is because polyester fibers and nylon fibers have excellent dyeability, high wrinkle resistance after washing, and excellent easy care properties.

The fibers constituting the back side of the knitted fabric of the present invention may be synthetic fibers having a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more, preferably 50% by weight or more, and more preferably 10 cN/dtex or more. Preferably, high strength organic fibers are used. Specific examples of high-strength organic fibers with a strength of 10 cN/dtex or more include para-aramid fiber polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by DuPont-Toray, trade name Kevlar (registered trademark)), copolyparaphenylene-3,4' - Diphenyl ether terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products, trade name Technora), polyarylate fiber (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., trade name Vectran), PBO fiber (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name Zylon), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: Izanasu), and high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: Tsunouga). In addition, synthetic fibers with a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more may be twisted or interlaced through interlacing treatment, etc., in order to increase productivity, or the synthetic fibers may have a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more. As long as it is possible, it may be twisted, mixed, or blended with other yarns.

The basic structure for forming at least one of the front and back sides of the double knit of the knitted fabric of the present invention is comprised only of knit loops and welts. It is preferable that this basic structure does not include tuck loops. This is because if a tuck loop is included, the tuck portion becomes mesh-like and difficult to become dense, and the surface of the knitted fabric becomes more uneven, making it more likely to get caught and reduce puncture strength. The front and/or back sides of the knitted fabric of the present invention (for convenience, one side of the knitted fabric is referred to as the front side and the other side is referred to as the back side, but either side may be used as the front side of the product). It is preferable that the weave is such that two adjacent knitting yarns are paired and each knit loop is made on every needle on one side. By doing this, (i) the welt loops on the surface can be hidden by the knit loops, (ii) the size of the knit loops on the surface can be made uniform, and (iii) the pair of yarns can have a finely packed structure. It has the advantage of increasing knitted fabric density. As a specific example, it is preferable that the basic structure on one side includes a structure having a repeating knit-welt structure.

In the knitted fabric of the present invention, in a double knit in which at least one of the front and back sides is composed of only knit loops and welts, the structure in which knits and welts are alternately continuous as one unit is 75% of the structure constituting the surface. % or more, and is preferably formed with the above-mentioned close-packed structure. When it is less than 75%, the elongation of the knitted fabric becomes high and the puncture strength tends to decrease. For applications that require high puncture strength, such as fencing and bulletproof vests, it is preferable to use a structure containing this knit-welt unit for both the front and back structures. The proportion of knits and welts that are alternately continuous as one unit is calculated by counting the number of knits, welts, and tucks that make up one side, excluding tucks to connect both sides, and calculating the proportion of knits and welts. It can be found by

In the double knit of the knitted fabric of the present invention, it is preferable to use a connecting thread to connect the front and back sides, or to connect the threads forming the front and/or back sides to the opposite side with a tuck. By connecting the front and back sides in this way, the independence of the front and back sides can be increased, and the flexibility of the knitted fabric can be increased. More preferably, it is preferable to use a connecting thread to form a three-layer structure in which the front surface and the back surface are connected. By doing so, it is possible to make the knitted fabric thicker to make it stronger against puncture, and to further increase its flexibility in the shear direction.

The tuck portion for connecting the front and back surfaces is preferably present in an amount of 1 to 25% in the entire structure including the front and back structures. More preferably, it is 2 to 20%. More preferably, it is 3 to 18%. If the ratio is less than the above lower limit, the binding strength between the front and the back will decrease, and the connection will break during use, causing peeling of the front and back and thread breakage, which will likely shorten the life of the product. If the above-mentioned upper limit ratio is exceeded, the sense of unity between the front and back surfaces becomes too high, resulting in a decrease in flexibility, which tends to impede movement during wear and reduce wear comfort.

In the present invention, it is necessary to keep the longitudinal and lateral elongation low in order to increase the puncture strength, but the above-mentioned joint structure allows the shearing properties to be made flexible, improving workability and wearing comfort. .

For example, in FIG. 1 showing an example of the structure of the knitted fabric of the present invention, feeder 1 (F1) serves as a connecting thread, and connects the front and back sides with tucks. The F1 yarn occupies two tucks in the basic structure. The remaining F2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are used to make the front and back fabrics, and the total fabric consists of 18 fabrics: 8 each for knit and welt, and 2 for tuck. . Therefore, the ratio of connecting tucks in the basic tissue is 11%. Further, in FIG. 2 showing another example of the structure of the knitted fabric of the present invention, yarns F1, 7, 13, and 19 form the front structure and also play the role of connection. There are a total of four connecting tucks in the basic structure for F1, 7, 13, and 19. The front and back fabrics are made from F1 to F24, and consist of 88 pieces: 44 knits, 40 welts, and 4 tucks. The proportion of connecting tucks in the basic structure is 4.5%.

Furthermore, the knitting structure of the present invention will be specifically explained using FIGS. 1 and 2. The front and back surfaces of FIG. 1 are made up of only knit loops and welts, forming a three-layered structure in which the front and back surfaces are connected by connecting threads. F2, 4, 6, and 8 form the front thread. F3 and F5 and F7 and F9 form a pair to form the back surface. F2 and F4 and F6 and F8 form a pair to form a knit on all needles of the dial, and F3 and F5 and F7 and F9 form a pair to form a knit on all needles of the cylinder. To be more specific, for example, in F2, knits and welts are knitted alternately on the front surface, but the welt part is used for the next knitted F4 knit, so the welt is hidden inside the knitted fabric and appears to be completely knitted. A knitted loop is formed on the needle. As a result, the surface structure appears to be all-knit with less unevenness, and the pair of yarns becomes a closely packed structure, which can contribute to improving the punch-through prevention property.

The front and back textures in FIG. 2 also consist of only knit loops and welts, forming a two-layer structure in which the threads on the front surface are connected to the back surface. The surface is formed by yarn feeders F1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, and 23. F1 and F3, F5 and F7, F9 and F11, F13 and F15, F17 and F19, forming the back side with yarn feeders F1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, F21 and F23 work in pairs to form knits on all needles of the cylinder. For example, in F1, knit and welt are knitted alternately, but since the welt part is used for the next knitted F3 knit, the welt is hidden inside the knitted fabric and appears to be knitted on all the needles. A loop is formed. As a result, the surface structure appears to be all-knit with less irregularities, and the pair of yarns becomes a densely packed structure, contributing to improved abrasion resistance. In this organization, F1, 7, 13, and 19 are tacked on the back side, and also serve as a link.

The knitted fabric of the present invention can be knitted with high density by using a circular knitting machine with a relatively high gauge yarn. In the knitted fabric of the present invention, a double knitting machine with rib gauging is used for the meeting. The density (gauge) of knitting needles in the needle bed is preferably 12 or more per inch (2.54 cm). A more preferable knitting machine gauge is 15 to 40 pieces/2.54 cm. More preferably, it is 18 to 28 pieces/2.54 cm. If the knitting machine gauge exceeds the above range, it will be necessary to use thinner yarns, making it difficult to obtain the performance necessary to prevent punch-through. When the amount is less than the above range, the knitted fabric becomes coarse and has a coarse density, which also tends to have poor penetration prevention properties.

In the knitted fabric of the present invention, at least the back side is preferably knitted with a limited yarn length per 100 wales (W) in order to suppress the elongation of the warp and warp to a lower level than that of conventional knitted fabrics. For example, in the case of a knitted fabric using yarns of 300 to 500 dtex, the average yarn length of all the yarns constituting the front and back surfaces is preferably 90 to 280 mm/100W. More preferably, it is 120 to 250 mm/100W. When the average yarn length is less than the above range, stable production becomes difficult and knitting defects are likely to occur. Moreover, if it exceeds the above range, the elongation of the knitted fabric becomes high, making it difficult to obtain the effects of the present invention. In addition, when the total fineness is less than 300 dtex, the adjustment may be made in the direction of decreasing the average yarn length, and when the total fineness exceeds 500 dtex, the adjustment may be made in the direction of increasing the average yarn length. It is preferable that the thread length of the thread forming the front surface is shorter than that of the high-strength organic fiber on the back surface. The yarn length ratio (a/b) between the average yarn length a of the yarns constituting the front surface and the average yarn length b of the yarns constituting the back surface is preferably 0.60 to 0.99. More preferably, it is 0.70 to 0.97. More preferably, it is 0.80 to 0.95. When the yarn length ratio is less than the above-mentioned lower limit, it becomes difficult to increase the density on the back side, and when it exceeds the above-mentioned upper limit, the loops on the front side tend to spread, and the puncture strength tends to decrease.

In the present invention, the density design of the knitted fabric is also important. By adjusting the vertical and horizontal loop density to an appropriate level, it is possible to create a high-density finish by knitting with a high-gauge double knitting machine, even though it is a knitted fabric in combination with the above-mentioned knitting structure. In the knitted fabric of the present invention, the wale density after dyeing is preferably 20 to 70 pieces/2.54 cm. More preferably 25 to 65 pieces/2.54 cm, still more preferably 25 to 60 pieces/2.54 cm. If the wale density is lower than the above range, the flexibility will be too high and it will be difficult to obtain firmness and stiffness.If the wale density is higher than the above range, the thread used will need to be thinner, resulting in the fabric becoming too thin or having problems in the horizontal direction. If the stretch becomes too small, it may become uncomfortable to wear. Further, in the knitted fabric of the present invention, the course density after dyeing is preferably 18 to 75 pieces/2.54 cm. More preferably 20 to 70 pieces/2.54 cm, still more preferably 22 to 65 pieces/2.54 cm. If the course density is lower than the above range, the flexibility will be too high and it will be difficult to obtain firmness and firmness.If the course density is higher than the above range, the fabric will become stiff, and the breathability will decrease and the feeling of stuffiness will increase, making it difficult to wear. Comfort tends to decrease.

The fabric weight of the knitted fabric of the present invention is preferably 150 to 1000 g/m ² . More preferably 200 to 800 g/m ² , still more preferably 300 to 700 g/m ² . If the basis weight exceeds the above range, the knitted fabric will become too heavy, resulting in decreased workability when worn, or will cause fatigue when worn for a long time. If it is less than the above range, the knitted fabric becomes too thin and the punctureability tends to decrease. The thickness of the knitted fabric of the present invention is preferably 0.2 to 10.0 mm. More preferably 0.3 to 8.0 mm, still more preferably 0.4 to 4.5 mm. If the knitted fabric is thinner than the above range, the puncture strength tends to decrease, and if it exceeds the above range, it becomes too fleshy and the workability tends to decrease.

When dyeing the knitted fabric of the present invention, it is necessary to carry out processing according to the heat resistance, chemical resistance, and dyeability of the synthetic fibers used. For example, when ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is used as a high-strength organic fiber with a relatively low melting point, the melting point is about 150° C., and it is necessary to process it at low temperatures during scouring, dyeing, and dry heat setting. In this case, it may be difficult to reduce wrinkles caused by scouring, dyeing, etc. by heat setting, and it may also be difficult to suppress dimensional changes after washing during the consumption process. In the present invention, this can be solved by continuous dyeing in a spread shape or wet heat or liquid heat treatment in a batch-wound state. Specifically, it is preferable to use equipment capable of processing in a spread shape, such as a beam dyeing machine, a Zucker dyeing machine, or a pad steam method. As for the treatment conditions, it is preferable to perform wet heat or liquid heat treatment in a temperature range of -50°C to -10°C from the melting point of the fiber with the lowest melting point among the fibers constituting the knitted fabric. By heat-treating at this temperature, dimensional changes in the knitted fabric can be effectively suppressed.

The knitted fabric of the present invention can be subjected to predetermined water-repellent finishing, water-absorbing finishing, and various functional finishing. When applying a water repellent finish, ordinary water repellents used for synthetic fibers can be used as the water repellent agent, but silicone water repellents, fluorine water repellents, and hydrocarbon water repellents can be used. It is particularly preferable to use the agent because it increases the smoothness of the fiber surface and improves the abrasion resistance. In addition, functionality such as moisture permeability and waterproofness can be enhanced by hard finishing, coating, and laminating using acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, melamine resin, vinyl acetate resin, epoxy resin, etc. good.

Since the knitted fabric of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to achieve a burst strength of 4000 to 20000N, and further 6000 to 20000N, according to the JIS-L1096B method (constant speed elongation type method). If the bursting strength is less than the above lower limit, the strength is insufficient and the wearer is likely to be injured by being punctured when worn. Although the strength required varies depending on the intended use, in the case of fencing uniforms, the lower limit of the bursting strength of the knitted fabric of the present invention is preferably 5000N or more, and more preferably 6000N or more.

The knitted fabric of the present invention is characterized by being able to maintain high flexibility in the shear direction so as not to impede workability or mobility, while keeping the longitudinal and lateral elongation low in order to increase puncture strength. The shear properties of the knitted fabric can be measured using KES (Kawabata's Evaluation System for Fabrics). Using KES-FB1 manufactured by Kato Tech, the unidirectional shear rigidity G [gf/cm degree] at a forced load of 10 gf/cm, the shear hysteresis 2HG [gf/cm] at a shear angle of 0.5°, and the shear angle When measuring the shear hysteresis 2HG5 [gf/cm] at 5°, the larger the shear rigidity G value, the less likely it is to be sheared, and the larger the 2HG, 2HG5 value, the lower the elastic force during recovery from shear deformation. There is. The knitted fabric of the present invention achieves an average vertical and horizontal G value of 0.5 to 5.5 (gf/cm・deg), and a vertical and horizontal average value of 2HG5 of -4.5 to 10. 0 can be achieved. By setting it within this range, it is possible to maintain flexibility while maintaining high penetration performance without significantly reducing the mobility.

The knitted fabric of the present invention has a relatively flat surface, forming a clean surface, and is characterized by being less likely to wrinkle after washing. This is particularly noticeable when polyester and/or nylon long fibers are used on the surface of the knitted fabric, and the wrinkles after washing five times can be grade 3 or higher. In particular, in the present invention, grade 4 or higher is also possible. Further, the dimensional change rate after washing five times can be kept within ±5% in both length and width. Wrinkles and dimensional change rate were measured on items that were washed and line-dried 5 times according to the JIS-L1930 C4N method.

The knitted fabric of the present invention is suitable for use in clothing intended to prevent injuries caused by sharp objects penetrating clothing during work where sharp objects may penetrate clothing and pose a danger to the body. For example, the knitted fabric of the present invention can be suitably used for uniforms for sports using sharp tools such as fencing, bulletproof vests, combat uniforms, work clothes for the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry, the steel industry, etc.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. In addition, each performance evaluation in Examples was performed by the following method.

(Yread length and yarn length ratio)
Place the knitted fabric horizontally on a flat table without applying any tension and without wrinkles, mark any knitted loop with mark a, and mark the loop of the 100th wale (W) with mark b. Disassemble the knitted fabric and pull out the yarn containing marks a-b so that no tension is applied. Next, a load of 0.5 g/dtex is applied to the thread and the length (mm) between a and b is determined. This is measured for all threads of the basic structure with n=5 to determine the average thread length of each thread. The basic structure is divided into groups according to the yarns that make up the front side and the yarns that make up the back side, and the average yarn length of each group is determined. At this time, connecting threads (threads used only to connect the front and back sides) are not included in either group.

(knitted fabric density)
The course density (pieces/2.54 cm) and wale density (pieces/2.54 cm) on the surface of the knitted fabric were measured in accordance with the knitted fabric density of JIS-L1096 8.6.2. The densities of the warp and weft of the woven fabric were also measured in accordance with the density of woven fabrics in JIS-L1096.

(Weight of knitted fabric)
The basis weight of the knitted fabric was measured based on the mass per unit area in the standard state of JIS-L1096 8.3.2A method.

(thickness of knitted fabric)
The thickness of the knitted fabric was measured in accordance with the thickness of JIS-L1096 8.4A method. The constant pressure of the measurement conditions was 23.5 kPa.

(Burst strength)
The bursting strength of the knitted fabric was measured according to JIS-L1096 Method B bursting strength.

(Ease of movement of upper body when worn)
After the fabric was sewn into a fencing suit jacket, a 20-year-old male with fencing experience wore it and practiced fencing.The perceived ease of movement (resistance of the fabric to movement) was determined as: ◎＞○＞〇△＞△＞×: Questionnaire evaluation was conducted on a five-point scale in order of difficulty in moving. 〇△ or above was judged to be easy to move.

(shear properties)
Using KES-FB1 manufactured by Kato Tech, a 10 cm width of a predetermined area of each sample was clamped, and the unidirectional shear rigidity G [gf/cm・degree] at a forced load of 10 gf/cm and the shear angle of 0.5° were obtained. The shear hysteresis 2HG [gf/cm] at a shear angle of 5° and the shear hysteresis 2HG5 [gf/cm] at a shear angle of 5° are measured in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. The vertical and horizontal average values of each of the shear rigidities G and 2HG5 were rounded to the second decimal place.

(Dimensional change rate and wrinkles after washing)
The laundry was washed and line-dried 5 times in accordance with the JIS-L1930 C4N method, and the vertical and horizontal dimensional changes (%) and wrinkles (grade) were measured.

(Example 1)
A 34-inch, 20-gauge double circular knitting machine (LPJ model manufactured by Fukuhara Seiki Seisakusho) was equipped with a support device to knit Reversible 1 consisting of complete structures F1 to F9 shown in FIG. 1. At that time, as yarns forming the surface, high-strength polyethylene terephthalate fibers (breaking strength 7.0 cN/dtex) of 350 dtex (T) and 72 filaments (f) were used at yarn feeders F2, F4, F6, and F8 at 300 times/m. An additional twist was used for the S twist. Further, as the threads constituting the back surface, threads made of 440T400f ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers (breaking strength 26 cN/dtex) with S twist at 4000 t/m were used. As the connecting thread, F1 was made of a 167T48f high-strength polyester fiber (breaking strength 7.5 cN/dtex) that was twisted in an S twist 300 times/m. Both the front and back sides are composed of only (100%) a structure in which knitted welts are alternately continuous as one unit. The yarn length of each feeder was 256 mm/100W for F2, 4, 6, and 8, 278 mm/100W for F3, 5, 7, and 9, and 265 mm/100W for F1. The blending ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers in the knitted fabric was (57.2% by weight).

The finished greige is opened and scoured using a beam dyeing machine manufactured by Hisaka Seisakusho, followed by acetic acid 0.2 g/l pH=4, Meisei Kagaku Disper N700 0.5 g/l, Nicca Kagaku Neo Crystal After raising the temperature, staining was performed at 125° C. for 15 minutes using a staining recipe of GC1000 0.5 g/l and Fluorescent Yellow HP-8GF (Disperse Yellow 82) 0.2% owf. Thereafter, heat setting was performed using a pin tenter manufactured by Hirano Techseed under dry heat conditions of 110° C. for 1 minute, and the properties were adjusted to obtain a final dough. Table 1 shows the detailed structure and evaluation results of the finished knitted fabric.

(Example 2)
Using the same knitting machine as in Example 1, reversible 2 gray fabrics having complete structures F1 to F24 shown in FIG. 2 were knitted. At that time, as the yarn constituting the surface, the same 350 dtex (T) 72 filament (f ) high-strength polyethylene terephthalate fiber was used. As the threads constituting the back side, F2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 are made of 440T410f ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (breaking strength 26cN/dtex) and 33T12f A yarn (473T in total) made of polyethylene terephthalate fiber single-covered at 200t/m was used. The yarn length of each feeder was 215 mm/100W for yarn feeders F3, 5, 9, 11, 15, 17, 21, and 23, and 288 mm/100W for yarn feeders F1, 7, 13, and 19. At this time, the average thread length of the threads forming the surface was 239 mm/100W. The yarn length of F2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 was 246 mm/100W. The back surface is composed of only (100%) a structure in which knitted welts are alternately continuous as one unit. F1, 7, 13, and 19 that make up the front side have a structure that connects with tucks on the back side, so there is one knit-to-welt unit on the front side (the number of pieces is 2 for knit and welt), and the structure that makes up the front side is knit-welt. It consists of 3 pieces: 2 pieces and 1 welt piece. Therefore, the total number of structures in the knit welt unit is eight, including F1, 7, 13, and 19 forming the surface. In addition, the other feeders F3, 5, 9, 11, 15, 17, 21, and 23 that make up the surface each have two knit-welt units and four textures, so there are 32 textures, and the surface The total number of knit-welt units is 40. The total structure of the surface is 44 structures in which F1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, and 23 constitute the surface, so the knit-welt structure on the surface The proportion of the structural unit occupying the surface is 40/44×100≈91%. The mixing ratio of the covering yarn in the knitted fabric was 58.5%, and the mixing ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber was 54.4% by weight. It was finished by dyeing in the same process as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the detailed structure and evaluation results of the finished knitted fabric.

(Example 3)
Using the same knitting machine as in Example 1, reversible gray fabric 3 consisting of complete structures F1 to F10 shown in FIG. 3 was knitted. At this time, as the yarn constituting the surface, the same 350 dtex (T) 72 filament (f) high-strength polyethylene terephthalate fiber additional twist yarn as in Example 1 was used for the yarn feeders F2, 4, 7, and 9. As the yarn constituting the back surface, the same 440T400f ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber twist yarns as in Example 1 were used for F3, 5, 8, and 10. For F1 and F6, the same 167T48f high-strength polyester fiber twist yarn as in Example 1 was used as the connecting yarn. This knitted fabric is composed of only (100%) a structure in which knit-welts are alternately continuous as one unit on both the front and back sides. The yarn length of each feeder was 256 mm/100W for F2, 4, 7, and 9, 278 mm/100W for F3, 5, 8, and 10, and 265 mm/100W for F1, 6. The mixing ratio of covering yarn in the knitted fabric was 54.6%, and the mixing ratio as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber was 50.8% by weight. Dyeing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the same finishing was carried out. Table 1 shows the detailed structure and evaluation results of the finished knitted fabric.

(Example 4)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a reversible 1 gray fabric consisting of the complete structures F1 to F9 shown in FIG. (T) High strength polyethylene terephthalate fiber additional twist yarn with 72 filaments (f) was used. However, the direction of additional twisting was reversed (Z twisting). The structure was the same as in Example 1 except that the same thread was used on both the front and back sides. The thread length of each feeder was 256 mm/100W for F2 to F9, and 265 mm/100W for F1. The mixing ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers in the knitted fabric is 0.0% by weight. Dyeing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the same finishing was carried out. Table 1 shows the detailed structure and evaluation results of the finished knitted fabric.

(Comparative example 1)
A welt jersey consisting of the complete structures F1 and F2 shown in FIG. 4 was knitted on a 30-inch, 22-gauge single circular knitting machine (Model 3FA manufactured by Fukuhara Seiki Seisakusho). For F1, the same 350 dtex (T) 72 filament (f) high strength polyethylene terephthalate fiber twisted yarn as in Example 1 was knitted with a yarn length of 215 mm/100 W. For F2, the same additional twist yarn of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber as in Example 1 was used. However, the additional twist direction of F2 was set to be the opposite direction (Z twist). The yarn length of this was 215 mm/100W. It was finished by dyeing in the same process as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the detailed structure and evaluation results of the finished knitted fabric.

(Comparative example 2)
Using the knitting machine of Example 1, mock rody gray fabric consisting of complete structures F1 to F6 shown in FIG. 5 was knitted by interlock gauging. At that time, two raw silks (breaking strength 4.5 cN/dtex) of 167T48f polyethylene terephthalate fibers (breaking strength 4.5 cN/dtex), which are used for ordinary clothing, were twisted with S twist at 300 times/m for the threads (F2, 5) that mainly constitute the surface. A combination of twisted and twisted pieces was used. Further, as the yarns (F3, 6) mainly constituting the back surface, additional twist yarns of high-strength polyethylene terephthalate fibers of 350 dtex (T) and 72 filaments (f) were used. However, the same 167T48f thread as the connecting thread of Example 1 was used as the thread (F1, 4) that constitutes part of the front and back surfaces and also serves as a connecting thread. F1, 2, 4, and 5 that make up the surface have 4 knit-welt unit structures, and the surface consists of 6 structures, so the proportion occupied by knit-welt units is 4/6 x 100 ≒ 67 %. Similarly, the ratio of the back side is 67%. The yarn length of each feeder was set to 275 mm/100W for F2, 3, 5, and 6, and 385 mm/100W for F1 and 4. The mixing ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers in the knitted fabric is 0.0% by weight. Dyeing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the same finishing was carried out. Table 1 shows the detailed structure and evaluation results of the finished knitted fabric.

(Comparative example 3)
The same 350T72f high-strength polyethylene terephthalate fiber twist yarn as in Example 1 was used for the warp, and the same 440T400f ultra-high molecular polyethylene fiber twist yarn as in Example 1 was used for the weft, using an air jet loom manufactured by Toyota Boshoku. The fabric was woven into a plain weave with the weave structure shown in FIG. This gray fabric was processed under typical synthetic fabric process conditions. Regarding dyeing, the dyeing temperature was set at the maximum of 125°C to suppress the decrease in strength of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. This fabric had a basis weight of 250 g/m ² , a warp density of 62 threads/2.54 cm, and a weft density of 56 threads/2.54 cm. Table 1 shows the details and evaluation results of the finished fabric.

As can be seen from Table 1, the knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 4 within the scope of the present invention not only have excellent burst strength and KES shear properties, but also have flexibility, so they have excellent ease of movement when worn. It has the characteristics of less dimensional change and less wrinkles after washing. On the other hand, the knitted fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the woven fabric of Comparative Example 3 were inferior in several properties among the properties of the knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 4 described above.

The knitted fabric of the present invention has high puncture strength, flexibility, excellent dimensional stability, and less wrinkles after washing, so it can be used for bulletproof vests, combat uniforms, and workwear for the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industries, or the steel industry. or for use in fencing uniforms.

Claims (8)

A knitted fabric consisting of a double knit in which at least one of the front and back surfaces is composed of only knit loops and welts, and the yarns forming the front and back surfaces have a breaking strength of 6.5 cN/dtex or more and a single yarn fineness of 0.5 cN/dtex. 5 to 7.0 dtex, and a total fineness of 200 to 1000 dtex, the knitted fabric must have a bursting strength of 4000 to 20000 N according to the JIS-L1096B method (constant speed elongation type method), and the surface must have a breaking strength of 6. A knitted fabric for clothing characterized by being composed of polyester fibers and/or nylon fibers of .5 cN/dtex or more. In a double knit where at least either the front or back side is composed only of knit loops and welts, the structure in which knits and welts are alternately continuous as a unit occupies 75% or more of the structure that makes up that side. The knitted fabric for clothing according to claim 1, characterized by: According to claim 1 or 2, the yarn length ratio (a/b) between the average yarn length a of the yarns forming the front surface and the average yarn length b of the yarns forming the back surface is 0.60 to 0.99. Knitted fabric for clothing as described. Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the back surface is made of 50% by weight or more of high-strength organic fibers with a breaking strength of 10 cN/dtex or more, and the knitted fabric has a bursting strength of 6,000 to 20,000 N. Knitted fabric for clothing described in . The knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dimensional change rate of the knitted fabric after washing five times in line drying according to JIS L1930 C4N method is ±5% or less, and the wrinkles after washing are grade 3 or higher. Knitted fabric for clothing. The knitted fabric for clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tuck portion connecting the front and back surfaces is present in 1 to 25% of the total structure including the front and back structures. Clothing characterized by using the knitted fabric for clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The clothing according to claim 7, wherein the clothing is a bulletproof vest, combat uniform, work clothes for the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry or the steel industry , or a fencing uniform.

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