JP7351732B2 - Building vibration damping mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vibration damping mechanism for a building.

Buildings are subject to constant microtremors caused by so-called environmental vibrations such as the earth itself, traffic vibrations caused by the running of vehicles including trains, vibrations during the operation of factory equipment, vibrations caused by wind loads, etc., and are subject to earthquakes. Occasionally, vibrations with larger amplitudes than regular tremors generally occur depending on the scale of the seismic motion. When constructing a building, it is important not only to consider building vibrations during earthquakes, but also to consider the presence of building damage and the impact on the living environment at the above-mentioned constant microtremor level. It is requested that the amount be reduced to

Conventionally, as a measure to control horizontal vibrations such as such environmental vibrations, vibration damping devices such as TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) and AMD (Active Mass Damper) have been installed in buildings. It is being done. A tuned mass damper is a device that suppresses the shaking of a building by using a mass (weight) that is tuned to the shaking, and an active mass damper is a device that suppresses the shaking of a building by actively moving a weight installed on the building. It is. In any of these devices, a weight is generally placed on the upper floor (for example, the top floor) of a building so that it can slide freely. As described above, conventional TMDs and AMDs have the problem that the devices tend to be relatively large-scale and occupy a large space.

By the way, unlike horizontal vibrations such as the environmental vibrations mentioned above, vertical vibrations (vertical vibrations, which are walking vibrations) occur on the floor surface when residents walk on the floor surface of a building. is propagated horizontally, which can cause discomfort to residents living on the same floor. Therefore, in order to control this vertical vibration, a conventional measure has been taken to install a TMD consisting of a spring and a mass in the underfloor space between the floor beams that support the floor. In addition to the parts that make up the building, each part that makes up the TMD is prepared separately and installed in the building, so there are many parts that make up the TMD, and furthermore, as mentioned above, it is necessary to secure a dedicated installation space for the TMD. There is.

Here, a tuned mass damper for vertical vibration has been proposed, which makes it possible to effectively damp vertical vibration of an object to be damped, such as a floor. More specifically, a horizontal brace is used as a restoring force element, a mass is attached to the middle part in the length direction, and a sponge-like damping material is provided between the mass and the upper floor plate to reduce vertical vibration of the floor plate. This is a tuned mass damper for vertical vibrations. Here, the mounting position of the mass relative to the horizontal brace can be changed in the length direction of the brace (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-280713

According to the tuned mass damper for vertical vibrations described in Patent Document 1, by applying the horizontal braces that make up the building as TMD components, vertical vibrations of floorboards can be effectively suppressed without occupying a large space. can be attenuated. However, since the damping material is arranged between the horizontal brace and the floor plate, compressive and tensile forces caused by the vertical vibration of the floor plate and the horizontal brace act on the damping material. It's nothing more than that. Therefore, the damping material merely applies a damping effect consisting of compressive force and tensile force to this external force, and it is difficult to say that it is a TMD that can maximize the damping performance of the damping material.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping mechanism for a building that can effectively exhibit the damping performance of a damping material without occupying a large space.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the present invention is as follows:
Brace, which is a resilience element,
a damping material disposed to surround the brace at an intermediate position of the brace;
A mass arranged so as to surround the periphery of the damping material.

According to this aspect, the damping material is arranged so as to surround the brace, and the mass is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the damping material, so that in addition to the compressive force and tensile force due to the damping material, shear Since the force becomes a damping force, it is possible to form a vibration damping mechanism that can maximize the damping performance of the damping material. This shearing force is generated because the direction of the force exerted in the thickness direction of the damping material changes for each part (upper part, lower part, middle part) because the damping material is arranged around the brace. , especially in the intermediate region, shearing forces are exerted. Further, by using the braces that constitute the building as a component, a large space can be omitted, and the vibration damping mechanism can be formed while reducing the number of component members. For example, if the brace is a horizontal brace, the vibration of the floor and the horizontal brace in the vertical direction causes compressive and tensile forces to be exerted alternately in the upper and lower regions of the damping material, but in the middle between the upper and lower regions. In the region, shearing force in the diagonal direction and horizontal direction is exerted, and therefore, high damping performance is exhibited by the damping force including this shearing force.

Here, the braces may be either horizontal braces arranged between floor beams arranged in parallel at intervals, or vertical braces arranged between pillars of a wall. Furthermore, the damping material disposed around the brace has a cylindrical shape, for example, and similarly, the mass disposed around the cylindrical damping material also has a cylindrical shape, for example. The buildings to be controlled by the vibration damping mechanism of this embodiment include single-family houses and low-rise housing complexes with, for example, five floors or less.

Further, in another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the present invention, the mass is characterized in that a plurality of divided masses are connected to each other via a hinge so as to be freely displaceable.

According to this aspect, the plurality of divided masses are mutually displaceably connected via the hinge, so that while each divided mass moves independently, the damping material in the area in which each divided mass contacts In order to apply compressive force, tensile force, and shear force, the damping material in the area corresponding to each divided mass exerts a damping force consisting of compressive force, tensile force, and shear force in various directions, making it even more effective. Demonstrates high damping performance. Furthermore, since the divided cells are not completely separated from each other and are connected to each other via hinges, for example, adjacent divided cells may operate independently of each other, but cancel each other's movements. It doesn't move. Therefore, since the designer can predict the mutual movement of adjacent divided masses to some extent, it becomes easier to design the damping mechanism compared to a configuration in which each divided mass is completely separated.

Here, the number of divided masses connected to each other via hinges is preferably in the range of about four to eight from the viewpoints of both ease of design and damping performance. If the number of divided masses is too large, the number of vibration modes of the mass will increase, and the time required for design will increase. On the other hand, if the number of divided masses is too small, the damping force exerted by the damping material will decrease, making it impossible to expect excellent damping performance.

Another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the present invention is characterized in that the damping material is formed of a viscoelastic body.

According to this aspect, by applying a damping material made of a viscoelastic body, a damping force is applied while the damping material is in close contact with both the mass (including the divided mass) and the brace, thereby achieving an excellent It is possible to form a vibration damping mechanism having excellent damping performance. Here, examples of the viscoelastic body include acrylic resins, silicone resins, rubber resins, and the like.

Another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the present invention is characterized in that the damping material is bonded to both the mass and the brace.

According to this aspect, by applying the damping material formed of an adhesive viscoelastic body, a damping force is applied with the damping material adhered to both the mass (including the divided mass) and the brace. By doing so, a vibration damping mechanism having even better damping performance can be formed. Here, urethane rubber and the like can be mentioned as a material having both adhesive and viscoelastic properties.

Another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the present invention is characterized in that the brace is a horizontal brace.

According to this aspect, by using the horizontal brace, which is the main heavy member that vibrates in the vertical direction in the building and is disposed in the structural plane below the floor, as a component of the vibration damping mechanism, It can attenuate vertical vibrations in the floor and create buildings with excellent livability.

As can be understood from the above explanation, according to the building vibration damping mechanism of the present invention, the building vibration damping mechanism makes it possible to effectively exhibit the damping performance of the damping material without occupying a large space. mechanism can be provided.

FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating a state in which an example of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the first and second embodiments is attached to a floor beam. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a vibration damping mechanism for a building according to a first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of a vibration damping mechanism for a building according to a second embodiment.

Hereinafter, an example of a vibration damping mechanism for a building according to each embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that in this specification and the drawings, substantially the same constituent elements may be given the same reference numerals to omit redundant explanation.

[Vibration damping mechanism for building according to first embodiment]
First, an example of a vibration damping mechanism for a building according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Here, FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating a state in which an example of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the first and second embodiments is attached to a floor beam. That is, FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state in which horizontal braces constituting a vibration damping mechanism are spanned over floor beams arranged in parallel at intervals, and shows the vibration damping mechanism of a building according to the second embodiment. Also referred to in the explanation. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of the vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the first embodiment. The vibration damping mechanisms 50 and 50A shown in the drawings consist of horizontal braces that are spanned between floor beams that support the floor of the building, but they are also strung between pillars on the left and right sides of the wall. It may also consist of vertical braces.

The vibration damping mechanism 50 of the building consists of a horizontal brace 10 (an example of a brace) which is a restoring force element spanned between floor beams 20 installed in parallel at intervals, and a horizontal It has a damping material 30 arranged so as to surround the brace 10 and a mass 40 arranged so as to surround the periphery of the damping material 30. The building is, for example, a detached house or a low-rise apartment complex with five floors or less, and the horizontal brace 10 is attached to a floor beam 20 that supports the floor (floor material, not shown) on each floor that makes up the building. A vibration damping mechanism 50 is formed for each. The horizontal braces 10 installed between the adjacent floor beams 20 may be placed along one diagonal within one rectangular structure in plan view, or may be placed along two diagonals. They may be arranged in such a manner that they intersect. In the latter case, the damping mechanism 50 may be formed for each horizontal brace 10 that intersects, or the damping mechanism 50 may be formed only for one of the horizontal braces 10 that intersect.

The floor beam 20 is formed of H-shaped steel, and a steel overhang plate 24 is welded to the side of a web 21 that constitutes the H-shaped steel. The lower flange 23, which constitutes the H-shaped steel, is supported by walls, columns, etc. on the lower floor, and the upper flange 22 supports the flooring on the upper floor.

The horizontal brace 10 includes two brace bodies 11 made of steel rods each having a threaded cutout 12 at one end, a turnbuckle 13 that screws into the threaded cutout 12 of the two brace bodies 11 to connect both, and each brace. The main body 11 has a connecting plate member 14 made of steel connected by welding at the other end, and an end plate 15 made of steel connected to the connecting plate member 14 via bolts and nuts 17.

The outer ends of the left and right end plates 15 are connected via bolts and nuts 16 to overhang plates 24 that extend laterally from the left and right floor joists 20, and by tightening the turnbuckles 13, the two floor joists are connected. A horizontal brace 10 is stretched between 20.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the damping mechanism 50 includes a cylindrical damping material 30 disposed so as to surround the brace body 11, and a cylindrical damping material 30 similarly surrounding the damping material 30. A cylindrical mass 40 is provided.

Here, the damping material 30 is formed of a viscoelastic material, examples of which include acrylic resin, silicone resin, rubber resin, etc. More specifically, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, natural Examples include rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, polyethylene, silicone rubber, fluororubber, and the like. The damping material 30 is preferably a viscoelastic material with adhesive properties, and examples thereof include urethane, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, and polystyrene. It will be done.

Further, the mass 40 is made of, for example, a steel pipe material, and its mass can be set to, for example, about 1% to several % of the weight of the floor within the range to be controlled. For example, the floor within the range where the horizontal brace 10 is installed becomes the control target range of the vibration damping mechanism 50 including the horizontal brace 10. Therefore, for example, if the weight of the floor in a rectangular area of 2P x 2P (P indicates a module and can be set arbitrarily depending on the module design specifications, such as a width of 910 mm between 800 mm and 1100 mm) is approximately 100 kg to 200 kg. The mass of the mass 40 constituting the vibration damping mechanism 50 whose control range is the floor in this range can be set to, for example, about 5 kg.

When the flooring material vibrates, the floor beam 20 vibrates due to the vibration of the flooring material, and the horizontal brace 10 (the brace body 11 constituting it) vibrates vertically in the X direction due to the vibration of the floor beam 20. In addition, vertical damping forces P1 and P2 such as compressive force and tensile force are generated in the upper region and the lower region of the damping material 30. In the intermediate region of the damping material 30, damping forces S1 to S4, which are horizontal and diagonal shear forces, are generated.

In this way, by arranging the damping material 30 around the brace body 11 and the mass 40 around the damping material 30, in addition to the damping forces P1 and P2 in the vertical direction, shear forces in the horizontal direction and diagonal direction can be applied. Since the damping forces S1 to S4 are generated, the damping performance of the damping material 30 made of a viscoelastic body can be maximized.

Here, by applying the damping material 30 made of a viscoelastic body, the adhesion between the damping material 30, the mass 40, and the brace body 11 is increased, and in particular, the damping forces S1 to S4, which are shear forces, are effectively reduced. can be caused to occur. Further, by applying the damping material 30 having adhesive properties, the damping forces S1 to S4, which are shear forces, can be generated even more effectively.

Further, by using the horizontal brace 10 that constitutes the building as a component, a large space can be omitted, and the vibration damping mechanism 50 can be formed while reducing the number of component members.

[Vibration damping mechanism for building according to second embodiment]
Next, an example of a vibration damping mechanism for a building according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. Here, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of a vibration damping mechanism for a building according to the second embodiment.

In the vibration damping mechanism 50A shown in FIG. 3, instead of the cylindrical mass 40 of the vibration damping mechanism 50, four steel divided masses 41 each having a cylinder divided into quarters are mutually displaced via a hinge 47. It differs from the vibration damping mechanism 50 in that it has a freely connected mass 40A.

There are various forms of hinges, but in the illustrated example, the hinge 47 has a divided mass 41 equipped with an engagement protrusion 42 at the center of one end in the circumferential direction and an engagement groove 43 at the center of the other end in the circumferential direction. , is formed by loosely fitting the engagement protrusion 42 of the other divided mass 41 into the engagement groove 43 of one adjacent divided mass 41. In this loosely fitted position, the pin hole 45 provided in the engagement protrusion 42 and the pin hole 44 provided on the left and right sides of the engagement groove 43 are aligned to form a communication hole, and the communication hole is formed in the communication hole. A hinge 47 is formed by inserting the pin 46.

When the horizontal brace 10 (the brace body 11 constituting it) vertically vibrates in the X direction, each of the divided masses 41 connected to each other via the hinge 47 independently rotates in the Y1 direction. The damping material 30 in the area corresponding to each divided mass 41 is subjected to not only vertical damping forces P1 and P2 such as compressive force and tensile force, but also shear forces in multiple directions such as the circumferential direction, the horizontal direction, and the inclined direction. Certain damping forces S5 to S8 result.

Further, since the divided cells 41 are not completely separated from each other and are connected to each other via the hinge 47, for example, adjacent divided cells 41 can cancel out each other's movements even though they operate independently of each other. It doesn't move to suit. Therefore, since the designer can predict the mutual movement of adjacent divided masses 41 to some extent, it becomes easier to design the damping mechanism 50A compared to a configuration in which each divided mass 41 is completely separated.

Here, from the viewpoint of both ease of design and damping performance, the number of divided masses 41 connected to each other via hinges 47 is in the range of five to eight, in addition to the four shown in the illustrated example. Preferably a number. If the number of divided masses 41 is too large, the number of vibration modes that mass 40A has increases, and the time required for design increases. On the other hand, if the number of divided masses 41 is too small, the damping force exerted by the damping material 30 will decrease, making it impossible to expect excellent damping performance.

Note that the illustrated mass 40A has a configuration in which adjacent divided masses 41 are rotationally displaced, but in addition to such rotational displacement, the gap between the divided masses 41 may become wider or narrower. , it may be a telescoping hinge. For example, instead of connecting with the pin 46, a telescopic hinge is formed by connecting with a coil spring or the like.

It should be noted that other embodiments may be implemented in which other components are combined with the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here. . In this regard, changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form.

10: Horizontal brace (brace)
11: Brace body 12: Screw cutting 13: Turnbuckle 14: Connection plate material 15: End plate material 16, 17: Bolt and nut 20: Floor beam (H-beam)
21: Web 22: Upper flange 23: Lower flange 24: Overhanging plate 30: Damping material 40, 40A: Mass 41: Split mass 42: Engagement protrusion 43: Engagement groove 44, 45: Pin hole 46: Pin 47: Hinge 50, 50A: Vibration damping mechanism (building vibration damping mechanism)

Claims (5)

A vibration damping mechanism for a building,
Brace, which is a resilience element,
a damping material disposed to surround the brace at an intermediate position of the brace;
A vibration damping mechanism for a building, comprising: a mass disposed so as to surround the damping material. 2. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to claim 1, wherein the mass is a plurality of divided masses connected to each other via a hinge so as to be freely displaceable. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the damping material is formed of a viscoelastic body. 4. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to claim 3, wherein the damping material is bonded to both the mass and the brace. A vibration damping mechanism for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the brace is a horizontal brace.

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