JP7160587B2 - Seismic isolation structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure.

A seismic isolation structure is installed between the building's upper structure (e.g., upper frame) and lower structure (e.g., foundation) to attenuate or absorb the vibrations during an earthquake, and the upper structure as much as possible. Buildings with seismic isolation structures that do not allow transmission have been constructed. The seismic isolation structure is generally composed of seismic isolation bearings arranged directly under, for example, columns of the upper structure. The seismic isolation bearings include laminated rubber integrated seismic isolation bearings, sliding seismic isolation bearings, and rolling seismic isolation bearings.

The purpose of the above-described seismic isolation bearing is to lengthen the period of vibration of a building caused by an earthquake in the horizontal direction, thereby reducing the seismic force acting on the building. Furthermore, in a seismic isolation layer having a seismic isolation bearing, a damping damper is often used in addition to the seismic isolation bearing, and the damping damper can also absorb seismic energy.

By the way, in addition to earthquake-induced vibrations, various micro-vibrations such as traffic vibrations from railways and automobiles are propagated to buildings, and comfortable living is often hindered. When the upper and lower structures of a building are connected by the above-described seismic isolation bearings and dampers, the seismic isolation bearings are generally made of laminated rubber. It has the effect of attenuating minute vibrations via the laminated rubber between them. On the other hand, since the damping damper joins the upper structure and the lower structure with a steel material, the individual vibration of the steel material tends to transmit vibrations easily, and the damping effect tends to be small.

When a micro-vibration that can always act is input to the damping damper, the damping damper is in direct contact with the upper structure and the lower structure, so the damping damper transmits the micro-vibration to the upper structure as individual vibration. and the micro-vibrations transmitted in this way can become non-negligible.

Therefore, a seismic isolation structure has been proposed in which a damping force is exerted after a certain horizontal displacement is exceeded according to the vibration level. Specifically, a seismic isolation bearing device and a damping device are installed horizontally between one structure (e.g. lower structure) and the other vertically aligned structure (e.g. upper structure). It is a seismically isolated structure. The damping device includes a damping portion provided on one structure and a stopper portion provided on the other structure. The damping section is composed of a friction damper, and this friction damper contacts the vertical surface of the stopper section and starts damping when the one structure and the other structure are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction by a predetermined distance. (See Patent Document 1, for example).

JP 2016-205413 A

The seismic isolation structure described in Patent Document 1 is a seismic isolation structure in which friction dampers corresponding to each direction are arranged in order to attenuate shaking caused by an earthquake in each of the X and Y directions (both in one direction). For example, a friction damper that dampens shaking in the X direction is provided with two stoppers at positions sandwiching the friction damper in the X direction. In addition, two stoppers are disposed at positions sandwiching the friction damper in the Y direction on the friction damper that dampens the shaking in the Y direction. Thus, in the seismic isolation structure described in Patent Document 1, since each friction damper is configured to damp vibrations in only one direction, when attempting to damp vibrations in two or more directions, There is a problem that the number of friction dampers increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is capable of damping vibrations in two or more directions with as few damping dampers as possible, and is capable of damping fine vibrations such as traffic vibrations. An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation structure capable of suppressing vibration of a structure as much as possible.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the seismic isolation structure according to the present invention is
A seismic isolation structure comprising a seismic isolation bearing and a damping damper disposed between an upper structure and a lower structure, the seismic isolation bearing directly supporting the upper structure,
The damping damper is
a lower plate secured to the lower structure;
an upper plate;
a metal damping member connecting the lower plate and the upper plate;
one of the upper plate and the lower surface of the upper structure has a protrusion, and the other has a stopper surrounding the protrusion,
horizontal gaps in at least two directions between the side surface of the protrusion and the side surface of the stopper;
A vertical gap is provided between the top surface of the convex portion facing the vertical direction and the upper structure or the upper plate facing the top surface, and
It is characterized in that when the upper structure and the lower structure are relatively displaced by a predetermined relative displacement amount, the side surfaces of the protrusion and the stopper come into contact with each other and the attenuation damper functions.

According to this aspect, since horizontal gaps in at least two directions exist between the side surface of the protrusion and the side surface of the stopper, one damping damper attenuates shaking in two or more directions (horizontal direction) during an earthquake. It is possible to attenuate seismic shaking in two or more directions with as few damping dampers as possible. In addition, when the upper structure and the lower structure are relatively displaced by a relative displacement amount equal to or greater than the set horizontal gap, the side surface of the protrusion abuts the side surface of the stopper and transmits the horizontal force, thereby creating a damping damper. Attenuation function by

Here, “at least two directions” means two or more straight lines that intersect each other, with two linear directions (for example, there are two directions of +X direction and −X direction on the X axis) as one direction. means the direction along Therefore, there are directions along three straight lines that intersect with each other, directions along four straight lines, and the like, and the maximum is a direction of 360 degrees (in which an infinite number of straight lines intersect).

As a more specific example, two directions of X-axis direction and Y-axis direction (including ±X direction and ±Y direction), four directions of X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, 45 degree direction and 135 degree direction (±X direction) and ±Y directions, 45 degrees and 225 degrees, and 135 degrees and 315 degrees). In addition, in the case of a form in which a cylindrical projection is arranged inside a cylindrical stopper, a horizontal gap exists in 360-degree directions.

Further, ``one of the upper plate and the lower surface of the upper structure has a protrusion, and the other has a stopper surrounding the protrusion,'' means that the upper plate It includes a form having a protrusion and a lower surface of the upper structure having a stopper surrounding the protrusion, and a form vice versa. For example, if the lower surface of the upper structure is previously provided with a convex portion that protrudes downward, a stopper that surrounds the convex portion is provided on the upper surface of the upper plate of the damping damper.

The stopper surrounding the projection may be an endless stopper or an intermittent stopper (stopper with a gap). For example, when the projection has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the stopper is a rectangle in plan view (for example, a shape similar to the planar shape of the projection) separated by a predetermined distance from the four side surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped projection, and has a frame-like form, for example, It becomes an endless stopper. In addition, the frame-shaped corners of the rectangular shape in plan view are removed, so that the form consisting of four mutually orthogonal columnar bodies (block bodies) serves as, for example, an intermittent stopper.

Here, as the metal damping member, various members such as a curved lead rod, a steel shear panel, a steel U-shaped damper rod, etc. can be applied. The damping damper is a so-called steel damper, and has a different form from the friction damper described in Patent Document 1.

In addition, the horizontal gap between the projection and the stopper is set to a size greater than the amount of relative displacement when the upper structure and lower structure are relatively displaced when minute vibrations such as normal traffic vibrations are input to the building. It is That is, since there is a horizontal gap between the damping damper and the upper structure, microvibrations are not input to the upper structure via the damping damper.

Since micro-vibrations differ depending on the location (along roads with heavy traffic, along railways, etc.), if the amount of relative displacement when traffic vibration is input to the target building is about 1 mm, the size of the gap is It is larger than this 1 mm, and can be set to about 5 mm to 10 mm by adding construction errors and the like to 1 mm. In addition, regarding the measurement of the gap, it becomes possible for maintenance personnel to easily perform visual management.

The seismic isolation structure of the present invention is a structure in which a seismic isolation bearing that directly supports the upper structure and a damping damper that is completely isolated from the upper structure are combined. Micro vibrations such as traffic vibrations are also transmitted from the lower structure to the upper structure via, for example, seismic isolation bearings. Therefore, even when normal traffic vibrations are input, a slight relative displacement may occur between the upper structure and the lower structure. As a result of the microvibration being effectively absorbed by the rubber used for , this relative displacement is unlikely to pose a problem. In any case, the seismic isolation structure of the present invention suppresses the propagation of micro vibrations to the upper structure via the damping dampers while allowing micro vibrations input from the seismic isolation bearings. In addition, the "microvibration" in this specification includes vibrations caused by vehicles in general including automobiles, vibrations caused by railways including Shinkansen, vibrations during driving of various mechanical equipment, and vibrations caused by construction work. , and includes all types of vibrations that buildings can receive at all times, other than earthquake vibrations.

In addition, the horizontal gap between the damper and the upper structure must be larger than the above-mentioned relative displacement due to normal microvibration. The amount is set to less than the size. Regarding the amount of relative displacement during an earthquake, the amount of displacement amplitude of micro-vibration, the accuracy of gaps during construction, the creep deformation after completion of construction, temperature changes, etc. are taken into consideration when setting. The larger the gap, the less the effect of absorbing energy during an earthquake. The relative displacement during an earthquake has zero resistance because the damper does not deform until the horizontal gap between the damper and the superstructure is exceeded (until a collision occurs). On the other hand, in general seismic isolation buildings, the relative displacement of the upper structure and lower structure during a level 1 earthquake is about ±250 mm, and the relative displacement of the upper structure and lower structure during a level 2 earthquake is Since it is about ±400 mm, the decrease in damper effect due to a gap of about 5 mm to 50 mm is extremely small.

In this way, the above-mentioned "predetermined relative displacement amount" that determines at least the size of the horizontal gap is equal to or greater than the relative displacement amount when the upper structure and the lower structure are relatively displaced when microvibrations are input to the building. is the size of More specifically, it corresponds to a gap that takes into account the displacement amplitude of microvibration, the accuracy of the gap during construction, creep deformation after completion, temperature change, etc., and generally means about 5 mm to 50 mm. Also, the vertical gap can be set to the same degree as the horizontal gap.

In another aspect of the seismic isolation structure according to the present invention, the stopper includes an endless first vertical portion that extends upward or downward to surround the convex portion, or an intermittent vertical portion that surrounds the convex portion. a plurality of vertically arranged first vertical portions, and a key portion that bends from the first vertical portions and extends in the horizontal direction,
The convex portion has a second vertical portion extending upward or downward, and a flange extending laterally from the tip of the second vertical portion and loosely fitted to the key portion with a vertical gap and a horizontal gap. It is characterized by

Micro-vibration includes vertical vibration in addition to horizontal vibration. It is desirable to have a loose fit with a vertical gap and a horizontal gap. In general, the vertical rigidity of seismic isolation bearings is extremely high, so when vertical vibration occurs during an earthquake, the relative displacement in the vertical direction between the upper structure and the lower structure is about ±5 mm to ±20 mm or less. . Therefore, by setting both the vertical gap and the horizontal gap to about 5 mm to 50 mm as described above, in this embodiment as well, the key portion and the flange can move in the vertical direction even when there is slight vibration or when an earthquake occurs. Collisions are avoided.

Another aspect of the seismic isolation structure according to the present invention is characterized in that a cushioning member is arranged at least on the side surface of the protrusion facing the horizontal gap or the side surface of the stopper.

According to this aspect, at least the side surface of the projection facing the horizontal gap or the side surface of the stopper is provided with the buffer member, so that interference between the upper structure and the lower structure when relative displacement occurs due to microvibration. While eliminating the problem, the cushioning member can suppress excessive contact noise when both come into contact with each other during an earthquake.

In another aspect of the seismic isolation structure according to the present invention, the metal damping member is a U-shaped damper rod,
The n U-shaped damper rods are characterized by extending in directions that are mutually shifted by 360/n degrees.

This U-shaped damper rod is made of steel and absorbs seismic energy by plasticizing the U-shaped damper rod. The U-shaped damper rod can be standardized by the shear deformation angle calculated by dividing the positive and negative alternating displacement amplitude during an earthquake by the height of the rod, and provides dampers of various sizes with various repetitive performances. be able to. The U-shaped damper deforms such that the U-shaped curved portion is displaced in the extending direction of the rod. During this deformation, by moving the point where the strain is maximum during plastic deformation within the rod according to the change in the amount of horizontal displacement, the strain of the rod is not concentrated locally, and the entire rod can be effectively used. It is an excellent steel damper that utilizes to absorb or attenuate seismic energy.

In this embodiment, for example, when n=4, four damper rods extend in directions 90 degrees apart from each other, and when n=6, for example, six damper rods extend in directions 60 degrees apart from each other. do.

As can be understood from the above explanation, according to the seismic isolation structure of the present invention, one attenuation damper can attenuate earthquake shaking in two or more directions (horizontal direction). Attenuation dampers can attenuate earthquake shaking in two or more directions. Furthermore, the vibration of the upper structure due to minute vibrations such as traffic vibrations can be suppressed as much as possible.

1 is a side view of a frame of an example of a base isolation building having a base isolation structure according to an embodiment; FIG. FIG. 2 is a view along the line II-II in FIG. 1, which is a plan view of the floor beams of the base-isolated building. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a seismic isolation bearing forming a seismic isolation structure according to an embodiment; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a damping damper forming a seismic isolation structure according to an embodiment; FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the damping damper according to the first embodiment is arranged between the pedestal and the floor beam; FIG. 6 is a view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5; FIG. 6 is a view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 5; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first modified example of the attenuation damper according to the first embodiment; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second modification of the attenuation damper according to the first embodiment; FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a damping damper forming a seismic isolation structure according to the embodiment; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which a damping damper according to a third embodiment is arranged between a pedestal and a floor beam; FIG. 12 is a view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 11; 11. It is a XIII arrow directional view of FIG.

A seismic isolation structure according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the present specification and drawings, substantially the same components may be denoted by the same reference numerals, thereby omitting duplicate descriptions.

<Overall configuration of base-isolated building with base-isolated structure according to embodiment>
First, using FIGS. 1 and 2, an overall configuration of an example of a building having a base isolation structure according to an embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view of a frame of an example of a base-isolated building having a base-isolated structure according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a view taken along line II-II in FIG. It is a floor plan of the floor beam. As shown in FIG. 1, a frame that constitutes a base-isolated building 100 is formed from a foundation, which is a lower structure 20, and an upper structure 10. The upper structure 10 includes floor beams 11 and a plurality of It is formed from a pillar 13, a beam 14 on the middle floor, and a beam 15 on the roof. In addition to the members shown in the drawings, structural elements of the frame include vertical and horizontal diagonal members. The seismically isolated structure building 100 of the illustrated example is a large space building such as a gymnasium, a factory, or a logistics warehouse, which has pillars 13 only at the periphery of the building and does not have pillars in the space as shown in FIG. A seismic isolation structure building 100 is configured by attaching walls including earthquake-resistant walls, openings such as windows and opening/closing doors, and the like to the illustrated frame.

Each damping damper forming the seismic isolation structure 50 in the illustrated example has a stopper on the upper plate and a convex portion surrounded by the stopper on the lower surface of the upper structure. That is, the upper plate may have a protrusion and the lower surface of the upper structure may have a stopper surrounding the protrusion, but illustration thereof is omitted.

A seismic isolation structure 50 formed by a seismic isolation bearing 30 and a damping damper 40 is interposed between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 . A seismic isolation bearing 30 is fixed on a pedestal 21 at a position corresponding to the pillar 13, and an attenuation damper 40 is fixed on a pedestal 22 at a position not corresponding to the pillar 13.

As shown in FIG. 2, the floor beam 11 has a rectangular outer frame beam and a middle beam extending in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction inside thereof. A seismic isolation bearing 30 is provided at a position corresponding to the column 13 on the outer frame beam, and a damping damper 40 is provided between the seismic isolation bearings 30 on the outer frame beam. In the illustrated example, the seismic isolation bearings 30 are also arranged at the intersections of the floor beams 11 .

The illustrated seismic isolation structure building 100 having the seismic isolation structure 50 is a building with a large space such as a distribution warehouse. , and various structures such as road bridges having main girders and floor plates as upper structures, in which the seismic isolation structure 50 can be interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure. Also, for example, a so-called roof base-isolated building, in which the building's riser frame is the lower structure, the roof structure is the upper structure, and the seismic isolation structure 50 is interposed between them, is also an object of the seismic isolation structure building.

<Seismic isolation bearing>
Next, an example of a seismic isolation bearing that forms a seismic isolation structure will be described with reference to FIG. The illustrated seismic isolation bearing 30 is formed of a steel upper plate 31 and a lower plate 32, and a laminated rubber body 33 in which rubber and steel plates are alternately laminated and vulcanized and bonded. The laminated rubber body 33 is welded to the upper plate 31 and the lower plate 32 .

A plurality of headed stud bolts (not shown) are attached to the lower surface of the lower plate 32 , and the plurality of headed stud bolts are embedded in the pedestal 21 to fix the seismic isolation bearing 30 to the lower structure 20 . be done. A plurality of headed stud bolts (not shown) are similarly attached to the upper surface of the upper plate 31 , and these plurality of headed stud bolts are embedded in the floor beam 11 and fixed to the upper structure 10 . .

The seismic isolation performance of the building 100 is guaranteed by the seismic isolation bearing 30 . In addition to the illustrated example, the seismic isolation bearing 30 is a laminated rubber-type seismic isolation bearing with lead plugs, which is formed by alternately laminating rubber and steel plates, vulcanizing and bonding them, and embedding lead plugs in the laminated rubber body. There may be. In addition, the rubber and the steel plate are alternately laminated and vulcanized and bonded to each other, and the sliding member is provided with a fluorine-based resin sliding plate on the steel plate at the lower end of the laminated rubber body. It may be an elastic sliding bearing made of material. Alternatively, a rolling bearing may be used in which a large number of ball bearings are housed in cross-shaped or I-shaped rails provided in the lower structure and the upper structure is supported by the large number of ball bearings. Further, it may be a spherical sliding bearing comprising an upper shoe and a lower shoe (upper and lower concaves) having sliding surfaces with curvature and a slider that slides between the upper shoe and the lower shoe. If the seismic isolation bearing 30 moves up and down in the vertical direction due to the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 during an earthquake, the vertical relative displacement will be considered and explained below. You can set the vertical gap dimension.

<Attenuation Damper of First Embodiment>
Next, the attenuation damper according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a damping damper forming a seismic isolation structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the attenuation damper according to the first embodiment is arranged between the pedestal and the floor beam. 6 is a view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a view taken along line VII-VII in FIG.

The damping damper 40 shown comprises a steel upper plate 41 which is square in plan view, a steel lower plate 42 which is also square in plan view and is made of steel, and four metal damping members, steel U-shaped damper rods 44 . ,have. The U-shaped damper rods 44 are connected to the upper plate 41 and the lower plate 42 via high-strength bolts 45, and the four U-shaped damper rods 44 are arranged at a 90 degree angle with respect to each other. The upper plate 41 and damper rod 44 are connected via a skin plate 48 . A plurality of headed stud bolts 43 are provided on the lower surface of the lower plate 42 .

In the damping damper 40, the U-shaped damper rod 44 is plastically displaced so as to be displaced in its extending direction. , effectively utilizes the entire U-shaped damper rod 44 to absorb vibration energy without locally concentrating the strain in the rod.

The damping damper 40 has block-shaped stoppers 46 at central positions along four edges on the upper surface of the upper plate 41 . Each stopper 46 is fixed to the upper plate 41 via a high-strength bolt 47 . A bolt insertion hole (not shown) for bolting each stopper 46 formed in the upper plate 41 is a loose hole, so that a length t1 described later is provided between the projection 12 and each stopper 46. Bolt fixation can be facilitated in a state in which the horizontal gap G1 is formed. Furthermore, by making the bolt insertion hole a loose hole, when the protrusion 12 and the stopper 46 come into contact with each other due to the vibration of an earthquake and the length t1 of the horizontal gap G1 changes, the length t1 of the horizontal gap G1 changes. can be easily maintained to its original length t1.

As shown in FIG. 5, the damping damper 40 is fixed by embedding a headed stud bolt 43 in the base 22 made of reinforced concrete. Furthermore, in a state in which the damping damper 40 is fixed on the pedestal 22 , the protruding member 12 protruding downward from the floor beam 11 is arranged within the four protrusions 46 .

As shown in FIG. 6, the planar positional relationship between the four stoppers 46 and the projections 12 is such that they all have a horizontal gap G1 of length t1. More specifically, in the figure, between the two left and right stoppers 46 and the left and right ends of the convex portion 12, there is a horizontal gap G1 in the -X direction and a horizontal gap G1 in the +X direction. form a horizontal gap in one direction. Further, in the figure, between the upper and lower stoppers 46 and the upper and lower ends of the projection 12, there is a horizontal gap G1 in the +Y direction and a horizontal gap G1 in the -Y direction. It forms a horizontal gap. Thus, the four stoppers 46 and the projections 12 form two horizontal gaps in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 7, the upper plate 41 and the projection 12 are separated from each other by a vertical gap G2 of length t2. That is, the convex portion 12 and the damping damper 40 attached to the upper structure 10 are completely separated by the horizontal gap G1 and the vertical gap G2. The convex portion 12 may be a member that is provided in advance so as to protrude downward from the floor beam 11 as a constituent member of the upper structure 10, or may be newly installed on the floor beam 11. It may be a member.

The length t1 of the horizontal gap G1 (and the length t2 of the vertical gap G2) is such that normal micro-vibrations from railways, automobiles, mechanical equipment, etc. are input to the lower structure 20 of the base-isolated building 100, and the lower structure 20 are set to be larger than the amount of relative displacement when the lower structure 20 is relatively displaced. The mode of micro-vibration (magnitude of vibration, natural frequency, etc.) varies depending on the installation location of the building 100 with a seismic isolation structure. If the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 when microvibration is input to the lower structure 20 of the target base-isolated building 100 is about 1 mm, the length of the horizontal gap G1 The width (size) t1 is larger than this 1 mm, and is preferably set to about 5 mm to 50 mm, which is 1 mm plus a construction error and the like. When the length t1 of the horizontal gap G1 is about 5 mm to 50 mm, visual control by the administrator is easy.

Furthermore, the length t1 of this horizontal gap G1 is greater than the amount of relative displacement due to normal microvibration, and in addition, the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 during an earthquake is set to less than Under the design concept of exerting the damping performance of the damping damper 40 by bringing the protrusion 12 and the stopper 46 into contact during a level 2 earthquake, the amount of relative displacement during this level 2 earthquake is specified to be about 200 to 400 mm. In this case, the damping performance of the damper 40 can be exhibited by setting the length t1 of the horizontal gap G1 to about 5 mm to 50 mm.

In this way, the length t1 of the horizontal gap G1 is greater than or equal to the amount of relative displacement when subjected to normal micro-vibrations specific to the building 100, and less than the amount of relative displacement when subjected to the design target seismic motion. is set to

On the other hand, the length t2 of the vertical gap G2 between the upper plate 41 and the projection 12 may be set to the same size as the length t1, or may be set to a different size, but at least the upper plate. 41 and the convex portion 12 are separated by the horizontal gap G1 and the vertical gap G2, so that smooth relative movement between them can be ensured.

According to the illustrated seismic isolation structure 50 having the damping dampers 40, normal microvibrations are input from the lower structure 20 to the upper structure 10 only through the seismic isolation bearings 30 without passing through the damping dampers 40. Therefore, microvibrations are effectively eliminated or attenuated by the seismic isolation bearing 30 . That is, when microvibrations are input, the plurality of damping dampers 40 act to increase the degree of fixation, and the seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation bearing 30 is not diminished. On the other hand, when an earthquake motion such as a level 2 earthquake motion is input, vibration is input to the damping damper 40 in addition to the seismic isolation bearing 30 due to the relative displacement of the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 . Therefore, in addition to the seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation bearing 30, the damping performance of the damping damper 40 causes the upper structure 10 to be gently horizontally vibrated (longer period), and the excessive vibration of the upper structure 10 with respect to the lower structure 20. can effectively suppress the horizontal displacement of

Here, although illustration is omitted, a cushioning member made of rubber or the like may be provided on the surface of the stopper 46 or the surface of the projection 12 facing the horizontal gap G1. In this form, a horizontal gap G1 having a length t1 is formed in a state where the cushioning member is arranged on one member. By disposing the buffer member on the surface of the stopper 46 facing the horizontal gap G1 or on the surface of the projection 12, both when the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 are displaced relative to each other due to minute vibrations such as traffic vibrations. While eliminating the interference between the two, excessive contact noise when both come into contact during an earthquake can be suppressed by the cushioning member.

The damping damper 40 has a configuration in which four U-shaped damper rods 44 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees as metal damping members on the upper plate 41 and the lower plate 42, and constitutes the base isolation structure 50. A seismic isolation damper other than the illustrated example may be used as the seismic isolation damper. For example, the metal damping member may be a lead damper having a curved lead damper rod, a steel bar damper having a plurality of spirally curved steel rods as the metal damping member, or a metal damping member. It may be a shear panel damper having a plurality of steel shear panels as members. In addition, there are various configurations in which n U-shaped damper rods 44 extend in directions shifted by 360/n degrees from each other, such as a configuration in which six U-shaped damper rods 44 are arranged at intervals of 60 degrees. damping damper can be applied.

<First Modification of Attenuation Damper of First Embodiment>
Next, a first modification of the attenuation damper of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a first modification of the attenuation damper according to the first embodiment.

The illustrated attenuation damper 40A has stoppers 46 fixed by high-strength bolts 47 at positions corresponding to respective sides of an octagonal lower plate 42A. The eight stoppers 46 each have a horizontal gap G1 of length t1, and the convex portion 12A, which is octagonal in plan view, is loosely fitted. Here, in the figure, between the two left and right stoppers 46 and the left and right ends of the projection 12A, there is a horizontal gap G1 in the -X direction and a horizontal gap G1 in the +X direction. form a horizontal gap of Further, in the figure, between the upper and lower stoppers 46 and the upper and lower ends of the projection 12A, there is a horizontal gap G1 in the +Y direction and a horizontal gap G1 in the -Y direction. It forms a horizontal gap. In the drawing, horizontal gaps G1 are also formed between the stopper 46 and the convex portion 12A positioned in the 45-degree direction, and between the stopper 46 and the convex portion 12A positioned in the 225-degree direction. It forms a unidirectional horizontal gap in the -225 degree axial direction. Further, a horizontal gap G1 is also formed between the stopper 46 positioned in the 135-degree direction and the projection 12A, and between the stopper 46 and the projection 12A positioned in the 315-degree direction. A horizontal gap is formed in one axial direction. Thus, the eight stoppers 46 and the projections 12A form horizontal gaps in four directions: the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, the 45°-225° axis direction, and the 135°-315° axis direction.

Furthermore, in the damping damper 40A, eight U-shaped damper rods 44 corresponding to the eight stoppers 46 extend in directions shifted from each other by 45 degrees.

According to the damping damper 40A, the horizontal displacement in more directions than the damping damper 40 is more effectively handled by the stoppers 46 and the projections 12A being arranged with the horizontal gap G1 having the same length t1 interposed therebetween. It becomes possible to effectively attenuate shaking in multiple directions during an earthquake.

<Second Modification of Attenuation Damper of First Embodiment>
Next, a second modification of the attenuation damper of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a second modification of the attenuation damper according to the first embodiment.

The illustrated attenuation damper 40B has square and frame-shaped stoppers 46A along the four edges of the upper plate 41 .

In the frame-shaped stopper 46A, the four surfaces of the convex portion 12 of the upper structure 10 are arranged with a horizontal gap G1 having a length t1. Since the stopper 46A has a frame shape, when the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 are displaced relative to each other during an earthquake, the stopper 46A and the convex portion 12 can be reliably brought into contact with each other, thereby suppressing vibration during an earthquake. It can absorb and attenuate energy.

Although not shown, the stopper 46A may be a hexagonal, octagonal, or other polygonal frame, or a circular frame. A convex portion 12 having a shape having a horizontal gap G1 is applied.

<Attenuation Damper of Second Embodiment>
Next, a damping damper according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13. FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a damping damper forming a seismic isolation structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which the attenuation damper according to the second embodiment is arranged between the pedestal and the floor beam. 12 is a view along line XII-XII of FIG. 10, and FIG. 13 is a view along line XIII of FIG.

The illustrated damping damper 60 has four stoppers 46B arranged on the upper plate 41 in the same manner as the damping damper 40 . The stopper 46B has a block-shaped first vertical portion 46a and a key portion 46b extending horizontally above the first vertical portion 46a. Other damper configurations are the same as those of the attenuation dampers 40 and 40A, so detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 11, the convex portion 12A of the upper structure 10 has a second vertical portion 12a and a flange 12b extending laterally below the second vertical portion 12a. With the attenuation damper 60 fixed on the base 22, the flange 12b is loosely fitted to the first vertical portion 46a and the key portion 46b.

As shown in FIG. 12, there is a horizontal gap G1 of length t1 in the horizontal direction between the tips of the key portions 46b of the four stoppers 46B and the surface of the convex portion 12A. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, there is a vertical gap G2 of length t2 in the vertical direction between the lower surface of the key portion 46b of the stopper 46B and the upper surface of the flange 12b of the convex portion 12A. A horizontal gap G1 having a length t1 extends horizontally between the inner surface of the first vertical portion 46a of the stopper 46B and the end surface of the flange 12b. Furthermore, there is a vertical gap G2 having a length t2 in the vertical direction between the upper plate 41 and the lower surface of the projection 12A and the lower surface of the flange 12b. As described above, in the damping damper 60 as well, the convex portion 12A attached to the upper structure 10 and the damping damper 60 are in a configuration in which the convex portion 12A has the flange 12b and the stopper 46B has the key portion 46b. are completely edged off via a horizontal gap G1 and a vertical gap G2.

It should be noted that other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here. Regarding this point, it is possible to change without departing from the gist of the present invention, and it can be determined appropriately according to the application form.

Reference Signs List 10: Upper structure 11: Floor beams 12, 12A: Convex portion 12a: Second vertical portion 12b: Flange 20: Lower structure (foundation)
21, 22: Pedestal 30: Seismic isolation bearings 40, 40A, 40B: Damping damper 41: Upper plates 42, 42A: Lower plate 44: Metal damping member (U-shaped damper rod)
46, 46A, 46B: Stopper 46a: First vertical portion 46b: Key portion 50: Seismic isolation structure 60: Attenuation damper 100: Seismic isolation structure building G1: Horizontal gap G2: Vertical gap

Claims (5)

A seismic isolation structure comprising a seismic isolation bearing and a damping damper disposed between an upper structure and a lower structure, the seismic isolation bearing directly supporting the upper structure,
The damping damper is
a lower plate secured to the lower structure;
an upper plate;
a metal damping member connecting the lower plate and the upper plate;
One of the upper plate and the lower surface of the upper structure has a convex portion including at least four corners and side portions on its side surface, and the other has the corners surrounding the convex portion. It has a plurality of stoppers intermittently arranged in addition to the part,
horizontal gaps in at least two directions between the side surface of the protrusion and the side surface of the stopper;
A vertical gap is provided between the top surface of the convex portion facing the vertical direction and the upper structure or the upper plate facing the top surface, and
A seismic isolation structure, wherein when the upper structure and the lower structure are relatively displaced by a predetermined relative displacement amount, the side portions of the protrusions and the side surfaces of the stopper abut against each other. The stopper includes an endless first vertical portion extending upward or downward to surround the convex portion, or a plurality of first vertical portions intermittently arranged to surround the convex portion; a key portion bent from the first vertical portion and extending in the horizontal direction;
The convex portion includes a second vertical portion extending upward or downward, and a tip of the second vertical portion projecting sideways to have a vertical gap with respect to the key portion, and the first vertical portion. 2. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, further comprising a flange loosely fitted with a horizontal gap. At least the horizontal gap is equal to or greater than the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure due to microvibration, and is less than the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure due to vibration during an earthquake. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cushioning member is arranged at least on a side surface of the protrusion facing the horizontal gap or a side surface of the stopper. the metal damping member is a U-shaped damper rod;
The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the n U-shaped damper rods extend in directions that are mutually shifted by 360/n degrees.

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