JP2021085250A - Building vibration control mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building vibration control mechanism capable of effectively exhibiting an attenuation property which an attenuation material has without occupying a large space.SOLUTION: A building vibration control mechanism 50 includes: a brace 10 that is a restoring force element; an attenuation material 30 disposed so as to surround the brace 10 on the halfway position of the brace 10; and a mass 40 disposed so as to surround the attenuation material 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a vibration damping mechanism of a building.

At all times, earthquakes occur in buildings due to so-called environmental vibrations such as the tremors of the earth itself, traffic vibrations caused by the running of vehicles including railways, vibrations during operation of factory equipment, and vibrations caused by wind loads. Occasionally, vibrations with greater amplitude than constant tremors generally occur, depending on the magnitude of the seismic motion. In the construction of a building, it is important not only to examine the vibration of the building during an earthquake, but also to examine the presence or absence of building obstacles and the impact on the living environment at the above-mentioned constant tremor level. Is required to reduce.

Conventionally, as a measure to control such horizontal vibrations such as environmental vibrations, it is possible to install a vibration damping device TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) or AMD (Active Mass Damper) in a building. It is done. A tuned mass damper is a device that suppresses the shaking of a building by using a mass (weight) that synchronizes with the shaking, and an active mass damper is a device that suppresses the shaking of a building by actively moving the weight installed in the building. Is. In any of the devices, a form in which a weight is slidably placed on the upper floor (for example, the top floor) of the building is generally adopted. As described above, the conventional TMD and AMD have a problem that the device tends to be relatively large in scale and occupies a large space.

By the way, unlike the above-mentioned horizontal vibration such as environmental vibration, when a resident or the like walks on the floor surface constituting the building, vertical vibration (vertical vibration which is walking vibration) occurs on the floor surface, and the vertical vibration occurs. Is propagated horizontally, which can cause discomfort to residents living on the same floor. Therefore, in order to control this vertical vibration, a measure of installing a TMD composed of a spring and a mass in the underfloor space between the floor beams supporting the floor has been conventionally carried out, but in this form, Since each member constituting the TMD is separately prepared and installed in the building in addition to the members constituting the building, the number of members constituting the TMD is large, and it is necessary to secure an installation space dedicated to the TMD as described above. There is.

Here, a tuned mass damper for vertical vibration has been proposed, which makes it possible to effectively attenuate the vibration of a vibration damping object such as a floor in the vertical direction. More specifically, a horizontal brace is used as a restoring force element, a mass is attached to the middle part in the length direction, a sponge-like damping material is provided between the mass and the upper floor plate, and vertical vibration of the floor plate is provided. It is a tuned mass damper for vertical vibration that is designed to damp. Here, the mounting position of the mass with respect to the horizontal brace can be changed in the brace length direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-280713

According to the tuned mass damper for vertical vibration described in Patent Document 1, by applying the horizontal brace constituting the building as a TMD component, the vertical vibration of the floor plate can be effectively vibrated without occupying a large space. Can be attenuated. However, since the damping material is arranged between the horizontal brace and the floor plate, the compressive force and the tensile force due to the vertical vibration of the floor plate and the horizontal brace act on the damping material. It's just that. Therefore, the damping action consisting of the compressive force and the tensile force of the damping material is only applied to this external force, and it cannot be said that the TMD can maximize the damping performance of the damping material.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping mechanism for a building that can effectively exert the damping performance of the damping material without occupying a large space.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the present invention is
Brace, which is a restoring force element,
At a position in the middle of the brace, a damping material arranged so as to surround the brace, and
It is characterized by having a mass arranged so as to surround the periphery of the damping material.

According to this aspect, the damping material is arranged so as to surround the brace, and the mass is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the damping material, so that the shearing force is added to the compressive force and the tensile force of the damping material. Since the force becomes a damping force, it is possible to form a vibration damping mechanism that can maximize the damping performance of the damping material. This shearing force is due to the fact that the damping material is arranged around the brace, and the direction of the force exerted in the thickness direction of the damping material changes for each part (upper part, lower part, intermediate part). Shear force is exerted especially in the intermediate part. Further, by using the brace that constitutes the building as a component, a large space can be eliminated, and the vibration damping mechanism can be formed while reducing the number of member points of the component members. For example, when the brace is a horizontal brace, the floor and the horizontal brace vibrate in the vertical direction, so that compressive force and tensile force are alternately exerted in the upper and lower regions of the damping material, but in the middle between the upper and lower regions. In this region, an oblique or horizontal shearing force is exerted. Therefore, a damping force including this shearing force exerts a high damping performance.

Here, the brace may be either a horizontal brace arranged between the floor beams arranged side by side at intervals or a vertical brace arranged between the columns of the wall. Further, the damping material arranged around the brace has a tubular shape, for example, and similarly, the mass arranged around the tubular damping material also has a tubular shape, for example. Examples of the building controlled by the vibration damping mechanism of this embodiment include a detached house, a low-rise apartment house on the fifth floor or lower, and the like.

Further, in another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the present invention, the mass is characterized in that a plurality of divided masses are connected to each other in a displaceable manner via a hinge.

According to this aspect, since a plurality of divided masses are connected to each other in a displaceable manner via a hinge, the divided masses move independently with respect to the damping material in the region where the divided masses come into contact with each other. In order to apply compressive force, tensile force, and shear force, the damping material in the region corresponding to each divided mass exerts compressive force, tensile force, and shear force in various directions. Demonstrates high damping performance. Since the divided cells are not completely separated from each other and are connected to each other via a hinge, for example, the adjacent divided cells operate independently of each other but cancel each other's movements. It doesn't move. Therefore, since the designer can predict the mutual movement of the adjacent divided cells to some extent, the design of the vibration damping mechanism becomes easier as compared with the form in which each divided mass is completely separated.

Here, the number of divided masses connected to each other via a hinge is preferably a number in the range of about 4 to 8 from the viewpoint of both design ease and damping. If the number of divided masses is too large, the number of vibration modes possessed by the masses increases, and the time required for designing increases. On the other hand, if the number of divided cells is too small, the damping force exerted by the damping material is reduced, and excellent damping properties cannot be expected.

Further, another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the present invention is characterized in that the damping material is formed of a viscoelastic body.

According to this aspect, by applying the damping material formed of the viscoelastic body, the damping force is applied in a state where the damping material is in close contact with both the mass (including the split mass) and the brace, thereby being excellent. It is possible to form a vibration damping mechanism having a damping performance. Here, examples of the viscoelastic body include an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, and a rubber resin.

Further, another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the present invention is characterized in that the damping material is adhered to both the mass and the brace.

According to this aspect, by applying a damping material formed of an adhesive viscoelastic body, a damping force is applied in a state where the damping material is adhered to both a mass (including a split mass) and a brace. As a result, it is possible to form a vibration damping mechanism having even better damping performance. Here, as a material having both adhesiveness and viscoelasticity, urethane rubber and the like can be mentioned.

In addition, another aspect of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the present invention is characterized in that the brace is a horizontal brace.

According to this aspect, a horizontal brace arranged in the structure below the floor, which is a main heavy member vibrating in the vertical direction in the building, is used as a component of the vibration damping mechanism. It is possible to reduce the vertical vibration of the floor and realize a building with excellent livability.

As can be understood from the above description, according to the building damping mechanism of the present invention, the damping performance of the damping material can be effectively exhibited without occupying a large space. A mechanism can be provided.

An example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the first and second embodiments is a side view for explaining a state of being attached to a floor beam. It is a perspective view of an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to each embodiment will be described with reference to the attached drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, substantially the same components may be designated by the same reference numerals to omit duplicate explanations.

[Damping mechanism of the building according to the first embodiment]
First, an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Here, FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining a state in which an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the first and second embodiments is attached to the floor beam. That is, FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a state in which horizontal braces constituting the vibration damping mechanism are laid over floor beams arranged side by side at intervals, and is a diagram for explaining a state in which the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the second embodiment is provided. See also in the explanation of. Further, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the first embodiment. The vibration damping mechanisms 50 and 50A in the illustrated example are composed of horizontal braces that are laid between the floor beams that support the floor of the building, but are laid between the columns on the left and right of the wall. It may have a vertical brace as a component.

The vibration damping mechanism 50 of the building is horizontal at a position in the middle of the horizontal brace 10 (an example of the brace), which is a restoring force element bridged between the floor beams 20 arranged side by side at intervals. It has a damping material 30 arranged so as to surround the brace 10 and a mass 40 arranged so as to surround the periphery of the damping material 30. The building is, for example, a detached house, a low-rise apartment building on the fifth floor or lower, and a horizontal brace 10 attached to a floor beam 20 that supports the floor (floor material, not shown) of each floor constituting the building. A vibration damping mechanism 50 is formed for each. The horizontal braces 10 arranged between the floor beams 20 to be provided may be arranged along one diagonal line in one structure surface of a rectangular plan view, or may be arranged along two diagonal lines. It may be arranged so as to intersect along the line. In the latter case, the vibration damping mechanism 50 may be formed for each of the intersecting horizontal braces 10, or the vibration damping mechanism 50 may be formed for only one of the intersecting horizontal braces 10.

The floor beam 20 is formed of H-shaped steel, and a steel overhang plate 24 is joined to the side of the web 21 constituting the H-shaped steel by welding. The lower flange 23 constituting the H-section steel is supported by a wall, a pillar, or the like on the lower floor, and the upper flange 22 supports the floor material on the upper floor.

The horizontal brace 10 includes two brace main bodies 11 made of steel rods having a screw cut 12 at one end, a turnbuckle 13 screwed into the screw cut 12 of the two brace main bodies 11 to connect the two, and each brace. It has a steel connecting plate material 14 connected by welding at the other end of the main body 11 and a steel end plate 15 connected to the connecting plate material 14 via bolts and nuts 17.

The outer ends of the left and right end plates 15 are connected to the overhanging plates 24 that project laterally from the left and right floor beams 20 via bolts and nuts 16, and the turnbuckles 13 are tightened to tighten the two floor beams. A horizontal brace 10 is stretched between 20.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2, in the vibration damping mechanism 50, a cylindrical damping material 30 is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the brace body 11, and similarly, the damping material 30 is surrounded. A cylindrical mass 40 is arranged.

Here, the damping material 30 is formed of a viscoelastic body, and examples thereof include acrylic resins, silicone resins, rubber resins, and more specifically, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and natural materials. Examples thereof include rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, polyethylene, silicone rubber, and fluorine rubber. Further, the damping material 30 is more preferably an adhesive viscoelastic body, and examples thereof include urethane, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, polystyrene and the like. Be done.

Further, the mass 40 is made of, for example, a steel pipe material, and its mass can be set to, for example, about 1% to several% of the weight of the floor in the control target range. For example, the floor in the range where the horizontal brace 10 is installed is the control target range of the vibration damping mechanism 50 including the horizontal brace 10. Therefore, for example, when the weight of the floor in a rectangular range of 2P × 2P (P indicates a module and can be arbitrarily set between 800 mm and 1100 mm, for example, a width of 910 mm, etc., according to the module design specifications) is about 100 kg to 200 kg. The mass of the mass 40 constituting the vibration damping mechanism 50 having the floor in this range as the control range can be set to, for example, about 5 kg.

When the floor material vibrates, the floor beam 20 vibrates due to the vibration of the floor material, and the horizontal brace 10 (the brace body 11 constituting the brace body 11) vibrates vertically in the X direction due to the vibration of the floor beam 20. In addition, vertical damping forces P1 and P2 such as compressive force and tensile force are generated in the upper region and the lower region of the damping material 30. Then, damping forces S1 to S4, which are shearing forces in the horizontal and diagonal directions, are generated in the intermediate region of the damping material 30.

In this way, the damping material 30 is arranged around the brace main body 11, and the mass 40 is arranged around the damping material 30. Therefore, in addition to the vertical damping forces P1 and P2, the horizontal and diagonal shearing forces Since the damping forces S1 to S4 are generated, the damping performance of the damping material 30 made of a viscoelastic body can be maximized.

Here, by applying the damping material 30 made of a viscoelastic body, the adhesion between the damping material 30 and the mass 40 and the brace body 11 is enhanced, and the damping forces S1 to S4, which are shearing forces, are particularly effective. Can be caused. Then, by applying the damping material 30 having further adhesiveness, the damping forces S1 to S4, which are shearing forces, can be generated even more effectively.

Further, by using the horizontal brace 10 constituting the building as a component, a large space can be eliminated, and the vibration damping mechanism 50 can be formed while reducing the number of member points of the component members.

[Damping mechanism of the building according to the second embodiment]
Next, an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. Here, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of the vibration damping mechanism of the building according to the second embodiment.

In the vibration damping mechanism 50A shown in FIG. 3, instead of the tubular mass 40 of the vibration damping mechanism 50, four steel split masses 41 in which the cylinders are divided into four are displaced from each other via the hinge 47. It differs from the vibration damping mechanism 50 in that it has a mass 40A that is freely connected.

There are various forms of the hinge, but in the hinge 47 of the illustrated example, the split mass 41 has an engaging protrusion 42 at the center of one end in the circumferential direction and an engaging groove 43 at the center of the other end in the circumferential direction. , The engaging projection 42 of the other dividing mass 41 is loosely fitted to the engaging groove 43 of one adjacent dividing mass 41. Then, in this loose fitting posture, the pin holes 45 provided in the engaging projection 42 and the pin holes 44 provided on the left and right sides of the engaging groove 43 are aligned to form a communication hole, and the communication hole is formed. The hinge 47 is formed by inserting the pin 46.

When the horizontal brace 10 (the brace body 11 constituting the brace body 11) vibrates vertically in the X direction, the respective split masses 41 connected to each other via the hinge 47 are independently rotationally displaced in the Y1 direction. Then, in addition to the vertical damping forces P1 and P2 such as compressive force and tensile force, the damping material 30 in the region corresponding to each divided mass 41 is subjected to multi-directional shearing forces such as the circumferential direction, the horizontal direction, and the inclined direction. A certain compressive force S5 to S8 is generated.

Further, since the divided cells 41 are not completely separated from each other and are connected to each other via the hinge 47, for example, the adjacent divided cells 41 operate independently of each other but cancel each other's movements. It doesn't move to fit. Therefore, since the designer can predict the mutual movement of the adjacent divided cells 41 to some extent, the design of the vibration damping mechanism 50A becomes easier as compared with the form in which each divided mass 41 is completely separated.

Here, the number of the divided masses 41 connected to each other via the hinge 47 is in the range of about 5 to 8 in addition to the four in the illustrated example from the viewpoint of both design ease and damping. It is preferably a number. If the number of the divided masses 41 is too large, the number of vibration modes possessed by the masses 40A increases, and the time required for the design becomes long. On the other hand, if the number of the divided masses 41 is too small, the damping force exerted by the damping material 30 is reduced, and excellent damping properties cannot be expected.

The mass 40A in the illustrated example has a form in which adjacent divided cells 41 are rotationally displaced from each other. In addition to such rotational displacement, the gap between the divided cells 41 is widened or narrowed. , It may be a telescopic hinge. For example, instead of connecting with a pin 46, a stretchable hinge is formed by connecting with a coil spring or the like.

It should be noted that the configuration and the like described in the above embodiment may be other embodiments in which other components are combined, and the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown here. .. This point can be changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined according to the application form thereof.

10: Horizontal brace (brace)
11: Brace body 12: Screw cutting 13: Turnbuckle 14: Connecting plate material 15: End plate material 16, 17: Bolt nut 20: Floor beam (H-shaped steel)
21: Web 22: Upper flange 23: Lower flange 24: Overhang plate 30: Damping material 40, 40A: Mass 41: Split mass 42: Engagement protrusion 43: Engagement groove 44, 45: Pin hole 46: Pin 47: Hinge 50, 50A: Vibration control mechanism (building vibration control mechanism)

Claims (5)

It is a vibration control mechanism of the building
Brace, which is a restoring force element,
At a position in the middle of the brace, a damping material arranged so as to surround the brace, and
A vibration damping mechanism for a building, characterized in that it has a mass arranged so as to surround the damping material. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to claim 1, wherein the mass is connected to each other so as to be displaceable with each other via a hinge. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the damping material is formed of a viscoelastic body. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to claim 3, wherein the damping material is adhered to both the mass and the brace. The vibration damping mechanism for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the brace is a horizontal brace.

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