JP7349297B2 - Water stop device and water stop method - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、止水装置、及び止水方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a water stop device and a water stop method.
止水方法、中でも凍結工法の一例として、例えば、特許文献1には、コンクリート壁の湧水している大口径開口部の周辺に、所定間隔で多数の凍結材注入孔をコンクリート壁を貫通するように削孔し、その注入孔から凍結材を注入して、開口部から吐出している湧水あるいは吐出水を凍結させ、開口部からの湧水あるいは吐出水が凍結した後、前記凍結材注入孔の間に、新たに止水材注入孔を、コンクリート壁を貫通するように削孔し、凍結部が融解するまでの時間内に、止水材注入孔から止水材を注入し、壁背面の流水部を硬化させる技術が開示されている。 As an example of a water stop method, especially a freezing method, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a method in which a large number of freezing material injection holes are penetrated through a concrete wall at predetermined intervals around a large-diameter opening where water is flowing through the concrete wall. A hole is drilled and a freezing material is injected through the injection hole to freeze the spring water or discharged water discharged from the opening. Between the injection holes, a new water stop material injection hole is drilled through the concrete wall, and the water stop material is injected through the water stop material injection hole within the time until the frozen part thaws. A technique is disclosed for hardening a running water section on the back side of a wall.
従来の地盤改良に代えて、凍結工法の適用機会が増加している。従来技術として、出水(湧水ともいう)がある場合、出水箇所の周辺に凍結材を注入して出水を凍結し、第二次処理として、凍結後、止水材を注入して出水箇所を硬化させる技術がある(例えば、特許文献1)。しかしながら、出水箇所、換言すると水に動きがある箇所では、地盤の凍結が困難な場合もある。 Opportunities for freezing construction methods to be applied in place of conventional ground improvement are increasing. As a conventional technology, when there is water leakage (also called spring water), freezing material is injected around the water leakage point to freeze the water leakage, and as a secondary treatment, after freezing, water stopper material is injected to close the water leakage point. There is a technique for curing (for example, Patent Document 1). However, it may be difficult to freeze the ground in areas where water is flowing, in other words, where there is movement of water.
本発明は、上記の問題に鑑み、従来よりも確実に出水を止水できる新たな止水技術を提供することを課題とする。 In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new water stopping technique that can stop water leakage more reliably than before.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明では、水に動きがある箇所では地盤の凍結が困難な場合があることに着目し、出水箇所における水の流れを制御して、凍結させることとした。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention focuses on the fact that it is difficult to freeze the ground in places where there is movement of water, and decided to control the flow of water at the place where water flows to cause freezing.
詳細には、本発明は、出水箇所を覆い、出水箇所からの出水を貯留する冷却可能な貯留部を備える、止水装置である。 Specifically, the present invention is a water stop device that includes a coolable storage section that covers a water outlet and stores water from the water outlet.
本発明に係る止水装置によれば、出水を貯留することで、凍結し易いように水の動きを制御して熱交換することが可能となる。その結果、水に動きが有る出水箇所においても、出水を凍結して止水することができる。止水剤を用いないことから、出水箇所への影響を抑えつつ、止水することができる。 According to the water stop device according to the present invention, by storing the water flowing out, it is possible to control the movement of the water so that it is easy to freeze, and to exchange heat. As a result, the water can be frozen and stopped even in locations where water is flowing. Since no water-stopping agent is used, water can be stopped while minimizing the impact on water leakage locations.
また、本発明は、冷却媒体を供給する供給部から供給される冷却媒体が流れる冷却配管と、冷却配管が設けられ、出水箇所を覆い、出水箇所からの出水を貯留する貯留部とを備える、止水装置である。 Further, the present invention includes a cooling pipe through which a cooling medium supplied from a supply unit that supplies the cooling medium flows, and a storage unit that is provided with the cooling pipe, covers the water outflow location, and stores the water flowing out from the water outflow location. It is a water stop device.
本発明に係る止水装置によれば、出水を貯留し、凍結し易いように水の動きを制御して熱交換することで、出水を凍結して止水することができる。止水剤を用いないことから、出水箇所への影響を抑えつつ、止水することができる。 According to the water stop device according to the present invention, the water can be frozen and stopped by storing the water and controlling the movement of the water so as to facilitate freezing and exchanging heat. Since no water-stopping agent is used, water can be stopped while minimizing the impact on water leakage locations.
冷却媒体には、極低温冷却媒体を用いることができる。極低温冷却媒体の冷熱を利用することで、短時間で止水することができる。極低温冷却媒体は、液体空気とすることができる。液体空気(液化空気ともいう)は、空気を液化したものであり、常圧下の沸点は約-190℃である。液体空気を用いることで、止水装置で使用した液体空気を排出することができる。極低温冷却媒体には、例えば、液体窒素(常圧下の沸点は、約-196℃)を用いることもできる。液体窒素を用いる場合、現場内(特に、トンネルのように空気の流れが少なく換気が必要される現場)に排出すると、現場内の酸素が不足することが懸念される。これに対し、液体空気を用いる場合、液体窒素を用いる場合と比較して、酸素不足を低減できる。 A cryogenic cooling medium can be used as the cooling medium. By using the cold energy of the cryogenic cooling medium, water can be stopped in a short period of time. The cryogenic cooling medium can be liquid air. Liquid air (also referred to as liquefied air) is air that has been liquefied, and its boiling point under normal pressure is approximately -190°C. By using liquid air, the liquid air used in the water stop device can be discharged. For example, liquid nitrogen (boiling point under normal pressure is about -196°C) can also be used as the cryogenic cooling medium. When using liquid nitrogen, there is a concern that if it is discharged into the site (particularly in a tunnel where there is little airflow and ventilation is required), there will be a shortage of oxygen within the site. On the other hand, when liquid air is used, oxygen deficiency can be reduced compared to when liquid nitrogen is used.
ここで、貯留部は、出水箇所を覆う面状のプレート部と、プレート部の外縁部に設けられ、出水箇所の周囲に接続されるとともに、出水を堰き止める囲い部と、プレート部に設けられ、貯留する出水を外部に導水する導水部と、を有する構成としてもよい。 Here, the storage part is provided in a planar plate part that covers the water outflow point, an outer edge of the plate part, is connected to the periphery of the water outflow part, and is provided in the enclosure part that dams up the outflow water, and in the plate part. , and a water guide section that guides the stored water to the outside.
出水箇所の面と、プレート部、及び囲い部で囲まれた貯留空間に出水を貯留することができる。また、貯留した出水は、導水部から外部に導水、換言すると排出することができる。これにより、貯留する出水の量や、貯留する出水の流れを制御することができる。なお、配管は、貯留部の内部に埋め込むようにしてもよく、また、貯留部の外側に接続してもよい。また、貯留空間に貯留された出水に冷却媒体を直接供給するようにしてもよい。 Water can be stored in a storage space surrounded by the surface of the water outflow location, the plate part, and the enclosure part. In addition, the stored water can be guided to the outside from the water guide portion, or in other words, can be discharged. Thereby, the amount of water to be stored and the flow of water to be stored can be controlled. Note that the piping may be embedded inside the storage section, or may be connected to the outside of the storage section. Alternatively, the cooling medium may be directly supplied to the water stored in the storage space.
貯留部は、プレート部と、囲い部とのうち、少なくとも何れか一方に設けられ、貯留部を出水箇所に固定する接続部を更に備える構成としてもよい。固定部は、ボルトなどの接続部材やボルト孔を含む構成としてもよい。また、固定部は、大気圧と接続部内の圧力との差圧を利用して吸着する真空吸着部で構成してもよい。また、接続部の内部に配管を埋め込み、冷却配管を流れる冷却媒体の冷熱の作用により、貯留部に付着した水分を凍結させることで、貯留部を出水箇所の周囲に接続するようにしてもよい。 The storage section may further include a connection section that is provided on at least one of the plate section and the enclosure section, and that fixes the storage section to the water outlet location. The fixing portion may include a connecting member such as a bolt and a bolt hole. Further, the fixing section may be configured with a vacuum suction section that suctions using a pressure difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure inside the connection section. Alternatively, the storage part may be connected to the area around the water outlet by embedding piping inside the connection part and freezing the water adhering to the storage part by the action of the cold heat of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling pipe. .
ここで、導水部は、出水箇所の近傍に配置し、導水量を調整可能な導水量調整部を含む構成としてもよい。導水部を出水箇所の近傍に配置し、導水量を調整可能とすることで、貯留する出水の水の動きを抑制できる。貯留空間が出水で十分に満たされるように、導水量を調整することで、貯留空間内における水の動きを最小限に抑えることができる。その結果、出水が凍結し易くなる。 Here, the water guide section may include a water guide amount adjustment section that is disposed near the water outflow location and can adjust the amount of water guide. By arranging the water guide section near the water outlet and making it possible to adjust the amount of water introduced, the movement of the stored water can be suppressed. By adjusting the amount of water introduced so that the storage space is sufficiently filled with water, movement of water within the storage space can be minimized. As a result, the running water becomes more likely to freeze.
本発明に係る止水装置は、冷却媒体を供給する供給部と、供給部から供給される冷却媒体を配管へ送る供給配管と、を更に備えるものでもよい。これにより、冷却媒体の供給が可能となる。 The water stop device according to the present invention may further include a supply section that supplies a cooling medium, and a supply pipe that sends the cooling medium supplied from the supply section to the pipe. This makes it possible to supply the cooling medium.
ここで、本発明は、止水方法として特定してもよい。例えば、本発明は、出水箇所を特定する特定工程と、特定工程で特定した出水箇所からの出水を貯留し、凍結し易いように水の動きを制御して熱交換することで、出水を凍結して止水する止水工程と、を含む止水方法である。 Here, the present invention may be specified as a water stopping method. For example, the present invention includes a specific step of identifying the location of water leakage, and storage of water from the location of water leakage identified in the specific step, and freezing the water by controlling the movement of the water and exchanging heat to facilitate freezing. The water stopping method includes a water stopping step of stopping the water by doing so.
本発明に係る止水方法によれば、出水を凍結して止水することができる。止水剤を用いないことから、出水箇所への影響を抑えつつ、止水することができる。 According to the water stop method according to the present invention, water can be stopped by freezing the water flowing out. Since no water-stopping agent is used, water can be stopped while minimizing the impact on water leakage locations.
本発明に係る止水方法は、特定工程で出水箇所を特定した後、出水範囲を減少させる準備工程を更に含むものでもよい。準備工程を行うことで、より確実に止水することができる。 The water stop method according to the present invention may further include a preparatory step of reducing the range of water leakage after identifying the water leakage location in the identifying step. By performing the preparation process, water can be stopped more reliably.
また、止水工程では、貯留した出水を外部に導水してもよい。これにより、貯留する出水の量や、貯留する出水の流れを制御することができる。また、止水工程では、出水箇所の近傍から導水量を調整しながら導水するようにしてもよい。これにより、貯留された水の動きを最小限に抑えることができる。その結果、出水が凍結し易くなる。 Moreover, in the water stop process, the stored water may be introduced to the outside. Thereby, the amount of water to be stored and the flow of water to be stored can be controlled. Moreover, in the water stop process, water may be introduced from the vicinity of the water outflow point while adjusting the amount of water introduced. This allows the movement of stored water to be minimized. As a result, the running water becomes more likely to freeze.
本発明によれば、従来よりも確実に出水を止水できる新たな止水技術を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a new water stopping technique that can stop water leakage more reliably than before.
次に、本発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。以下の説明は例示であり、本発明は以下の内容に限定されるものではない。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The following description is an example, and the present invention is not limited to the following content.
<実施形態>
<止水装置の構成>
図1は、実施形態に係る止水装置の正面図を示す。図2は、実施形態に係る止水装置の背面図を示す。止水装置100は、供給部2、供給配管3、冷却配管101、貯留部102を備える。貯留部102は、プレート部103、囲い部104、導水部105、固定部106を含む。なお、図1、図2では、冷却配管101及び貯留部102は、供給部2及び供給配管3と比較して拡大(強調)して示す。
<Embodiment>
<Configuration of water stop device>
FIG. 1 shows a front view of a water stop device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a rear view of the water stop device according to the embodiment. The water stop device 100 includes a supply section 2, a supply pipe 3, a cooling pipe 101, and a storage section 102. The storage section 102 includes a plate section 103, an enclosure section 104, a water guide section 105, and a fixing section 106. Note that in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cooling pipe 101 and the storage section 102 are shown enlarged (emphasized) compared to the supply section 2 and the supply pipe 3.
供給部2は、冷却媒体としての液体空気を貯蔵し、貯蔵する液体空気を供給する。液体空気(液化空気ともいう)は、空気を液化したものであり、常圧下の沸点は約-190℃である。冷却媒体には、例えば、液体窒素(常圧下の沸点は、約-196℃)を用いてもよい。また、冷却媒体には、液体空気や液体窒素よりも温度の高いブライン(例えば、約-30℃の塩化カルシウム水溶液)を用いるようにしてもよい。なお、供給部2は、止水装置100とは別の装置として構成してもよい。 The supply unit 2 stores liquid air as a cooling medium and supplies the stored liquid air. Liquid air (also referred to as liquefied air) is air that has been liquefied, and its boiling point under normal pressure is approximately -190°C. For example, liquid nitrogen (boiling point under normal pressure is about -196°C) may be used as the cooling medium. Furthermore, brine (for example, an aqueous calcium chloride solution at about -30° C.) having a higher temperature than liquid air or liquid nitrogen may be used as the cooling medium. Note that the supply unit 2 may be configured as a separate device from the water stop device 100.
供給配管3は、一端が供給部2と接続され、他端が冷却配管101の入口側と接続され、内部を液体空気が流れる。供給配管3には、液体空気を流すことができるフレキシブルホースを用いることができる。供給配管3は、冷熱が逃げないよう、周囲が断熱材(例えば、発泡ポリエチレン)で覆われていることが好ましい。供給配管3は、止水装置100とは別の装置として構成してもよい。なお、実施形態では、供給配管3と同様にフレキシブルホースで構成された排出配管31が冷却配管101の出口側と接続され、熱交換後の液体空気を排出可能となっている。なお、再利用できる冷却媒体を用いる場合には、冷却媒体が供給部2と冷却配管101との間で循環できるよう、供給配管3は、供給部2と冷却配管101に接続してもよい。 The supply pipe 3 has one end connected to the supply part 2 and the other end connected to the inlet side of the cooling pipe 101, through which liquid air flows. A flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used as the supply pipe 3. The supply pipe 3 is preferably covered with a heat insulating material (for example, foamed polyethylene) so that cold heat does not escape. The supply piping 3 may be configured as a separate device from the water stop device 100. In the embodiment, a discharge pipe 31 made of a flexible hose like the supply pipe 3 is connected to the outlet side of the cooling pipe 101, so that the liquid air after heat exchange can be discharged. In addition, when using a reusable cooling medium, the supply pipe 3 may be connected to the supply part 2 and the cooling pipe 101 so that the cooling medium can circulate between the supply part 2 and the cooling pipe 101.
貯留部102は、出水箇所を覆い、出水箇所からの出水を貯留する。貯留部102は、プレート部103、囲い部104、導水部105、固定部106を含む。プレート部103は、プレート状の鋼製部材で構成され、出水箇所を覆う。実施形態に係るプレート部103は、矩形状である。囲い部104は、出水箇所の周囲に接続されるとともに、出水を堰き止める。囲い部104は、棒状の鋼製部材で構成され、プレート部103の外縁部の内側に、プレート部103の背面から突出するように設けられている。また、囲い部104は、出水箇所との接続面に、出水の漏れを抑制する水漏れ抑制部としての止水ゴム104aが設けられている。また、実施形態では、貯留部102を垂直壁に設置した場合において、上部が開放するよう囲い部104が設けられている。出水箇所の面と、プレート部103及び囲い部104で囲まれた貯留空間107に出水が貯留される。導水部105は、プレート部103の中央付近に設けられた貫通孔からなり、貯留する出水を外部に導水する。また、導水部105には、導水する水量を調整するバルブ105a(本発明の導水量調整部の一例)が設けられている。固定部106は、貯留部102を出水箇所に固定する。固定部106は、プレート部103の外縁部に間隔を空けて形成された複数のボルト孔106aとボルト孔106aに固定されるボルト106bを含む構成である。固定部106は、大気圧と固定部106内の圧力との差圧を利用して吸着する真空吸着部で構成してもよい。プレート部103及び囲い部104は、ステンレス、銅、銀などの金属でもよい。また、プレート部103及び囲い部104の形状は、上記に限定されない。例えば、貯留部102を天井や床に接続することを想定して、囲い部104は、一部を開放せずに、プレート部103の外縁部の内側を一周するように設けてもよい。 The storage unit 102 covers the water outflow location and stores water from the water outflow location. The storage section 102 includes a plate section 103, an enclosure section 104, a water guide section 105, and a fixing section 106. The plate portion 103 is made of a plate-shaped steel member and covers the water outflow location. The plate portion 103 according to the embodiment has a rectangular shape. The enclosure part 104 is connected to the area around the water outflow location and dams up the outflowing water. The enclosure section 104 is made of a rod-shaped steel member, and is provided inside the outer edge of the plate section 103 so as to protrude from the back surface of the plate section 103. Moreover, the enclosure part 104 is provided with a water stop rubber 104a as a water leakage suppressing part that suppresses the leakage of water on the connection surface with the water outflow location. Further, in the embodiment, when the storage section 102 is installed on a vertical wall, the enclosure section 104 is provided so that the upper part thereof is open. Water is stored in a storage space 107 surrounded by the surface of the water outflow location, the plate section 103, and the enclosure section 104. The water guide section 105 is composed of a through hole provided near the center of the plate section 103, and guides the stored water to the outside. Further, the water guide section 105 is provided with a valve 105a (an example of the water guide amount adjusting section of the present invention) that adjusts the amount of water to be introduced. The fixing part 106 fixes the storage part 102 to the water outlet location. The fixing part 106 includes a plurality of bolt holes 106a formed at intervals on the outer edge of the plate part 103 and bolts 106b fixed to the bolt holes 106a. The fixing section 106 may be configured as a vacuum suction section that uses a pressure difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure inside the fixing section 106 to perform suction. The plate portion 103 and the enclosure portion 104 may be made of metal such as stainless steel, copper, or silver. Further, the shapes of the plate portion 103 and the enclosure portion 104 are not limited to those described above. For example, assuming that the storage section 102 is connected to a ceiling or a floor, the enclosure section 104 may be provided so as to go around the inside of the outer edge of the plate section 103 without leaving a portion open.
なお、止水装置100は、貯留部102を覆う貯留部用断熱部(図示せず)を更に備える構成としてもよい。貯留部用断熱部は、プレート部103や囲い部104を覆う。貯留部用断熱部は、例えば、発泡ポリエチレン製とすることができる。貯留部用断熱部を備える構成とすることで、効率よく熱交換、すなわち冷却することができる。 Note that the water stop device 100 may be configured to further include a storage section heat insulating section (not shown) that covers the storage section 102. The storage section heat insulating section covers the plate section 103 and the enclosure section 104. The storage section heat insulating section can be made of, for example, foamed polyethylene. By having a configuration including a heat insulating section for the storage section, heat exchange, that is, cooling can be performed efficiently.
冷却配管101は、貯留空間107に設けられ、貯留された出水を冷却する。冷却配管101は、供給配管3を介して供給される液体空気が流れる。冷却配管101の出口側に接続された排出配管31を介して、液体空気が排出され、一部が気化する。実施形態に係る冷却配管101は、断面が円形の鋼製の配管からなり、直線部と曲げ部(U型)が連続して連なる、ジグザグ形状で構成されている。冷却配管101は、液体空気を流すことができる材質であればよく、鋼製に限定されない。冷却配管101は、ステンレス、銅、銀などの金属でもよい。また、冷却配管101の断面形状は、矩形、三角形など、円形以外の形状でもよい。また、冷却配管101の形状は、冷熱を貯留された出水へ均一に伝達できればよく、ジグザグ形状に限定されない。冷却配管101は、分岐部と、分岐部に連なる平行する複数の小配管とを設けるようにしてもよい。また、冷却配管101は、渦巻き形状としてもよい。また、冷却配管101は、薄い面状でもよい。 The cooling pipe 101 is provided in the storage space 107 and cools the stored water. Liquid air supplied via the supply pipe 3 flows through the cooling pipe 101 . Liquid air is discharged through a discharge pipe 31 connected to the outlet side of the cooling pipe 101, and a portion of the liquid air is vaporized. The cooling pipe 101 according to the embodiment is a steel pipe with a circular cross section, and has a zigzag shape in which a straight part and a bent part (U-shape) are continuously connected. The cooling pipe 101 may be made of any material that can flow liquid air, and is not limited to steel. The cooling pipe 101 may be made of metal such as stainless steel, copper, or silver. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the cooling pipe 101 may be a shape other than a circle, such as a rectangle or a triangle. Further, the shape of the cooling pipe 101 is not limited to a zigzag shape as long as it can uniformly transmit cold heat to the stored water. The cooling pipe 101 may include a branch part and a plurality of parallel small pipes connected to the branch part. Further, the cooling pipe 101 may have a spiral shape. Further, the cooling pipe 101 may have a thin planar shape.
貯留部102は、貯留部102を出水箇所に接続する際に持ち手として機能する把持部を更に備える構成としてもよい。把持部を備える構成とすることで、作業効率を向上することができる。 The storage section 102 may further include a grip section that functions as a handle when connecting the storage section 102 to a water outlet location. With the configuration including the grip part, work efficiency can be improved.
<止水方法>
図3から図10は、止水方法を説明する図を示す。以下、止水方法の一例として、止水装置100によって、大深度の地盤内に構築されるトンネルにおける出水を止水する場合について説明する。
<Water stop method>
3 to 10 show diagrams for explaining the water stop method. Hereinafter, as an example of a water stopping method, a case will be described in which the water stopping device 100 is used to stop water from flowing in a tunnel constructed in deep ground.
図3は、出水箇所からの出水の状況を示す。ステップ01では、出水箇所が特定される(本発明の特定工程の一例)。図3では、トンネルのセグメントSの隙間(縦方向に延びる隙間)が出水箇所となっており、出水箇所として特定される。 Figure 3 shows the situation of water gushing from the gushing locations. In step 01, a water outflow location is identified (an example of the identification process of the present invention). In FIG. 3, a gap between segments S of the tunnel (a gap extending in the vertical direction) is a water leakage point, and is identified as the water leakage point.
図4は、出水範囲を縮小する状況を示す。ステップ02では、出水範囲が縮小される(本発明の準備工程の一例)。具体的には、出水箇所にウエス等の詰め物110をすることで、出水範囲が縮小される。 FIG. 4 shows a situation where the flood area is reduced. In step 02, the water outflow range is reduced (an example of the preparation process of the present invention). Specifically, the range of water leakage is reduced by filling the water leakage area with stuffing material 110 such as a waste cloth.
図5は、止水装置を固定する状況を示す。ステップ03では、止水装置100の貯留部102が出水箇所を覆うように接続される。具体的には、出水箇所と導水部105が一致するように貯留部102の接続場所が位置決めされ、プレート部103のボルト孔106aに対応する出水箇所の面にセグメント側のボルト孔(図示せず)が形成され、貯留部102がボルト106bで出水箇所に接続される。ステップ03から後述するステップ07は、本発明の止水工程の一例である。 FIG. 5 shows a situation in which the water stop device is fixed. In step 03, the storage section 102 of the water stop device 100 is connected to cover the water outflow location. Specifically, the connection location of the storage section 102 is positioned so that the water outlet point and the water guide section 105 coincide, and the bolt hole (not shown) on the segment side is installed on the surface of the water outlet point corresponding to the bolt hole 106a of the plate section 103. ) is formed, and the storage portion 102 is connected to the water outlet point with a bolt 106b. Step 03 to step 07, which will be described later, are an example of the water stop process of the present invention.
図6は、止水装置が固定され、出水が貯留され、導水部から出水が導水されている状況を示す。ステップ04では、出水が貯留され、導水部105から出水が導水(外部に排出)される。 FIG. 6 shows a situation in which the water stop device is fixed, the water is stored, and the water is guided from the water guide section. In step 04, the drained water is stored, and the drained water is guided (discharged to the outside) from the water guiding section 105.
図7は、冷却配管、供給配管、排出配管、及び供給部が設置された状況を示す。ステップ05では、冷却配管101、供給配管3、排出配管31、及び供給部2が設置される。具体的には、供給部2に接続された供給配管3が、冷却配管101に接続され、冷却配管101が貯留空間107内に配置される。なお、冷却配管101は、貯留部102に予め固定しておいてもよい。 FIG. 7 shows the situation in which the cooling piping, supply piping, discharge piping, and supply section are installed. In step 05, the cooling pipe 101, the supply pipe 3, the discharge pipe 31, and the supply section 2 are installed. Specifically, the supply pipe 3 connected to the supply part 2 is connected to the cooling pipe 101, and the cooling pipe 101 is arranged in the storage space 107. Note that the cooling pipe 101 may be fixed to the storage section 102 in advance.
図8は、止水装置により出水箇所を冷却する状況を示す。ステップ06では、止水装置100により出水箇所が冷却され、止水される。具体的には、供給部2から冷却媒体の供給が開始される。一方、貯留空間107に貯留された出水が、貯留部102の上部から溢れないように、導水部105のバルブ105aによって、導水される水量が調整される。図9は、貯留部102を背面側から見た図であり、貯留された出水の状況を示す。図9に示すように、貯留空間107に出水が貯留され、囲い部104が設けられていない、貯留部102の上部の開放部分から貯留された出水が溢れないように、導水される水量が調整される。 FIG. 8 shows a situation in which a water stop device cools a water outflow location. In step 06, the water stop device 100 cools the water outlet and shuts off the water. Specifically, supply of the cooling medium from the supply unit 2 is started. On the other hand, the amount of water to be guided is adjusted by the valve 105a of the water guide section 105 so that the water stored in the storage space 107 does not overflow from the upper part of the storage section 102. FIG. 9 is a diagram of the storage section 102 viewed from the back side, and shows the situation of stored water flowing out. As shown in FIG. 9, the water is stored in the storage space 107, and the amount of water introduced is adjusted so that the stored water does not overflow from the open upper part of the storage section 102 where the enclosure section 104 is not provided. be done.
図10は、止水装置の撤去状況を示す。ステップ07では、止水装置100が撤去される。具体的には、囲い部104が設けられていない、貯留部102の上部の開放部分から貯留された出水を確認し、貯留された出水の凍結が確認されたら、バルブ105aを閉め、止水装置100が撤去される。凍結した貯留された出水は、貯留部102と共に撤去されるが、出水箇所は凍結しているため、出水が止水される。その後、必要に応じて既存の止水方法を利用して、出水箇所をより確実に止水するようにしてもよい。 FIG. 10 shows the state of removal of the water stop device. In step 07, the water stop device 100 is removed. Specifically, the draining water stored from the upper open part of the storage section 102 where the enclosure section 104 is not provided is confirmed, and if it is confirmed that the stored draining water has frozen, the valve 105a is closed and the water stop device is turned on. 100 will be removed. The frozen stored water is removed together with the storage section 102, but since the water is frozen at the water source, the water is stopped from flowing. Thereafter, if necessary, an existing water shutoff method may be used to more reliably shut off water at the location where water is coming out.
<効果>
以上説明した実施形態に係る止水装置100、及び止水方法によれば、出水を貯留することで、凍結し易いように水の動きを制御して熱交換することが可能となる。より詳細には、導水部105と出水箇所が一致するように、出水箇所を覆うように貯留部102を出水箇所に接続し、貯留空間107が出水で十分に満たされ、溢れないように、導水部105から導水される水量をバルブ105aで調整することで、貯留空間107内における水の動きを最小限に抑えることができる。その結果、水に動きが有る出水箇所においても、出水が凍結し易くなる。また、止水剤を用いないことから、出水箇所への影響を抑えつつ、止水することができる。
<Effect>
According to the water stop device 100 and the water stop method according to the embodiments described above, by storing the flowing water, it is possible to control the movement of the water so that it is easy to freeze, and to exchange heat. More specifically, the storage section 102 is connected to the water outlet so as to cover the water outlet so that the water guide part 105 and the water outlet coincide with each other, and the water guide part 102 is connected to the water outlet so that the water outlet part 105 is sufficiently filled with water and does not overflow. By adjusting the amount of water introduced from section 105 with valve 105a, movement of water within storage space 107 can be minimized. As a result, the water tends to freeze even in places where water moves. In addition, since no water-stopping agent is used, water can be stopped while minimizing the impact on water leakage locations.
また、冷却媒体として、極低温冷却媒体である液体空気を用いることで、液体空気よりも温度の高いブラインを用いる場合と比較して、短時間で出水を凍結して止水することができる。短時間で止水することで、施工の中断を最小限にすることができる。また、液体空気を用いることで、液体空気を排出した場合でも、例えば、液体窒素を用いる場合と比較して、現場における酸素不足を低減できる。 Furthermore, by using liquid air, which is a cryogenic cooling medium, as the cooling medium, it is possible to freeze and stop the water flowing out in a shorter time than when using brine, which has a higher temperature than liquid air. By shutting off the water in a short period of time, construction interruptions can be minimized. Further, by using liquid air, even when liquid air is discharged, oxygen shortage at the site can be reduced compared to, for example, when liquid nitrogen is used.
以上、本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明に係る止水装置、及び止水方法は、上述した内容に限定されるものではない。本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更を加えることができる。例えば、地下構造物の一例として、トンネルのセグメントSの隙間からの出水の止水を例に説明したが、本発明に係る止水装置、及び止水方法は、種々の地下構造物の出水対策へ活用できる。また、本発明に係る止水装置、及び止水方法は、水に動きがある出水箇所の応急対策、換言するとバックアップツールとして好適に用いることができるが、種々の地下構造物の出水対策へ活用できる。地下構造物には、トンネル、共同溝、地下駐車場、地下駅舎、立坑などの地下構造物(地中構造物)が例示される。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the water stop device and the water stop method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned contents. Changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. For example, as an example of an underground structure, stopping water from flowing out from a gap in a segment S of a tunnel has been described as an example, but the water stopping device and the water stopping method according to the present invention can be used to prevent water from flowing out of various underground structures. It can be used for Furthermore, the water shutoff device and the water shutoff method according to the present invention can be suitably used as an emergency measure for water outflow locations where there is movement of water, in other words, as a backup tool, but they can also be used for water outflow countermeasures for various underground structures. can. Examples of underground structures include underground structures (underground structures) such as tunnels, public ditches, underground parking lots, underground station buildings, and shafts.
また、冷却配管101は、プレート部103や囲い部104の内部に埋め込む構成としてもよい。この場合、固定部106の内部に埋め込まれた冷却配管101を流れる冷却媒体の冷熱の作用により、固定部106に付着した水分を凍結させることで、貯留部102を出水箇所の周囲に接続することができる。 Further, the cooling pipe 101 may be embedded inside the plate portion 103 or the enclosure portion 104. In this case, the water adhering to the fixing part 106 is frozen by the action of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling pipe 101 embedded inside the fixing part 106, thereby connecting the storage part 102 to the area around the water outflow point. I can do it.
また、冷却配管101は、プレート部103の外側に接続するようにしてもよい。また、冷却媒体の液体窒素を貯留された出水に直接供給するようにしてもよい。 Further, the cooling pipe 101 may be connected to the outside of the plate portion 103. Alternatively, liquid nitrogen as a cooling medium may be directly supplied to the stored water.
2・・・供給部
3・・・供給配管
100・・・止水装置
101・・・冷却配管
102・・・貯留部
103・・・プレート部
104・・・囲い部
105・・・導水部
106・・・固定部
2... Supply section 3... Supply piping 100... Water stop device 101... Cooling piping 102... Storage section 103... Plate section 104... Enclosure section 105... Water guide section 106 ···Fixed part
Claims (4)
出水箇所を覆い、出水箇所からの出水を貯留する、冷却配管が設けられた貯留部と、を備え、
貯留部は、出水箇所を覆うプレート状のプレート部と、上部が開放するようにプレート部の外縁部に設けられ、プレート部から突出し出水箇所の周囲に接続されるとともに、出水を堰き止める囲い部と、プレート部に設けられ、貯留する出水を外部に導水する導水部であって、導水量を調整可能な導水部とを有する、止水装置。 a cooling pipe through which a cooling medium supplied from a supply unit that supplies the cooling medium;
A storage part equipped with cooling piping that covers the water leakage point and stores the water flowing out from the water leakage point,
The storage part includes a plate-like plate part that covers the water leakage point, and an enclosure part that is provided at the outer edge of the plate part so that the upper part is open, protrudes from the plate part, is connected to the periphery of the water leakage point, and dams up the water leakage. and a water guide part that is provided in the plate part and guides the stored water to the outside, the water guide part being able to adjust the amount of water to be introduced.
特定工程で特定した出水箇所からの出水を貯留し、凍結し易いように水の動きを制御して熱交換する止水装置により、出水を凍結して止水する止水工程と、を含み、
止水装置は、冷却媒体を供給する供給部から供給される冷却媒体が流れる冷却配管と、
出水箇所を覆い、出水箇所からの出水を貯留する、冷却配管が設けられた貯留部と、を備え、
貯留部は、出水箇所を覆うプレート状のプレート部と、上部が開放するようにプレート部の外縁部に設けられ、プレート部から突出し出水箇所の周囲に接続されるとともに、出水を堰き止める囲い部と、プレート部に設けられ、貯留する出水を外部に導水する導水部であって、導水量を調整可能な導水部とを有する、止水方法。 an identification process for identifying the location of water leakage;
Includes a water stop process in which the water from the water source identified in the specific process is stored, and the water is frozen and stopped using a water stop device that controls the movement of water and exchanges heat so that it is easy to freeze. ,
The water stop device includes a cooling pipe through which a cooling medium is supplied from a supply unit that supplies the cooling medium;
A storage part equipped with cooling piping that covers the water leakage point and stores the water flowing out from the water leakage point,
The storage part includes a plate-like plate part that covers the water leakage point, and an enclosure part that is provided at the outer edge of the plate part so that the upper part is open, protrudes from the plate part, is connected to the periphery of the water leakage point, and dams up the water leakage. and a water guide part that is provided in the plate part and guides the stored water to the outside, the water guide part being able to adjust the amount of water to be introduced.
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