JP7312787B2 - 電源システム及び移動体 - Google Patents
電源システム及び移動体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7312787B2 JP7312787B2 JP2021095863A JP2021095863A JP7312787B2 JP 7312787 B2 JP7312787 B2 JP 7312787B2 JP 2021095863 A JP2021095863 A JP 2021095863A JP 2021095863 A JP2021095863 A JP 2021095863A JP 7312787 B2 JP7312787 B2 JP 7312787B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/02—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
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Description
以下、本発明の第1実施形態に係る電源システムについて図面を参照しながら説明する。
電源システム1は、正極電力線21及び負極電力線22へ多段電圧の直流の電力を出力する多段電圧電源3と、電力線21,22と負荷4とを接続するスイッチング回路5と、多段電圧電源3を操作する電源駆動装置6と、スイッチング回路5を操作するスイッチング回路駆動装置8と、を備える。電源システム1は、駆動装置6,8によって多段電圧電源3及びスイッチング回路5を操作することにより、多段電圧電源3から電力線21,22へ出力される直流の電力を交流に変換し負荷4に供給したり、負荷4から出力される交流の電力を直流に変換し多段電圧電源3に供給したりする。
図2は、可変電圧電源7の回路構成の一例を示す図である。図2には、可変電圧電源7を、所謂フルブリッジ絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータとした場合を示す。なお以下では、電圧型のDC/DCコンバータを例に説明するが、本発明はこれに限らない。DC/DCコンバータは電流型としてもよい。
(1)電源システム1は、直流電源30と、直流電源30の両極に接続された電力線21,22と負荷4とを接続する複数のアームスイッチング素子51~54を含むスイッチング回路5と、可変電圧E2の電力を2次側入出力端子対72p,72nから出力する可変電圧電源7と、を備える。また本実施形態では、可変電圧電源7の2次側入出力端子対72p,72nを何れも正極電力線21に接続することにより、直流電源30の直流電圧E1に可変電圧電源7の可変電圧E2を積み上げることができる。よって本実施形態によれば、直流電源30の直流電圧E1に可変電圧E2を重畳している間(すなわち、高電圧印加時)は、負荷4に印加する電圧を変化させるためにスイッチング回路5を操作する必要が無くなるので、電圧を多段化するにあたりスイッチング回路5に含まれるアームスイッチング素子の数を増やす必要がない。このため例えば特許文献1に示すような多段直流チョッパ回路によって電圧を多段化した場合と比較して、スイッチング回路5におけるアームスイッチング素子の数を減らすことができるので、その分だけスイッチング損失及び定常損失を低くすることができる。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る電源システムについて図面を参照しながら説明する。なお以下の本実施形態に係る電源システムの説明において、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同じ構成については同じ符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。本実施形態に係る電源システムは、可変電圧電源の回路構成が第1実施形態と異なる。
(8)上述の第1実施形態では、図2に示すような絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータを可変電圧電源7として用い、その2次側入出力端子対72p,72nを直接正極電力線21に接続した場合について説明した。しかしながらこの場合、2次側入出力端子対72p,72nに入力される直流電力を変圧し1次側入出力端子対71p,71nから出力させる回生時の制御範囲が限られてしまう。これに対し本実施形態では、絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータである前段コンバータ73と双方向DC/DCコンバータである後段コンバータ80とを組み合わせたものを可変電圧電源7Aとして用いる。換言すれば本実施形態では、前段コンバータ73を、後段コンバータ80を介して正極電力線21に接続する。よって本実施形態によれば、回生時には後段コンバータ80を駆動し、必要に応じて正極電力線21側の直流電力を昇圧又は降圧して前段コンバータ73に供給することができるので、回生時における制御範囲と力行時における制御範囲とを等しくすることができる。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に係る電源システムについて図面を参照しながら説明する。なお以下の本実施形態に係る電源システムの説明において、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同じ構成については同じ符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。
(9)本実施形態では、可変電圧E3の電力を出力する第2可変電圧電源9Bの2次側入出力端子対92p,92nを、負極電力線22に接続する。これにより、スイッチング回路5におけるアームスイッチング素子51~54の数を増やすことなく電圧の段数を増やすことができる。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態に係る電源システムとこの電源システムを搭載する移動体としての車両について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
(10)本実施形態に係る車両Vは、交流回転電機Mと、バッテリBと、U相可変電圧電源7Uと、V相可変電圧電源7Vと、W相可変電圧電源7Wと、U相電力線51U,52Uと、V相電力線51V,52Vと、W相電力線51W,52Wと、を備える。また本実施形態において、U相可変電圧電源7Uの2次側入出力端子対72Up,72Unは第1U相電力線51Uに接続し、V相可変電圧電源7Vの2次側入出力端子対72Vp,72Vnは第1V相電力線51Vに接続し、W相可変電圧電源7Wの2次側入出力端子対72Wp,72Wnは第1W相電力線51Uに接続する。本実施形態によれば、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同様に、電圧を多段化するにあたり各相のレグに含まれるアームスイッチング素子の数を増やす必要が無くなるので、その分各相のレグにおけるスイッチング損失及び定常損失を低くすることができる。また本実施形態によれば、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同様に、各相のレグに含まれるスイッチング素子の耐電圧を低くすることができるので、スイッチング素子における定常損失を低くでき、さらにスイッチング素子のコストも低減することができる。また本実施形態によれば、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同様に、高電圧印加時には、電圧を変化させるために各相のレグ5U,5V,5Wに含まれるアームスイッチング素子を操作する必要が無くなるので、交流回転電機に印加する電圧の高周波成分を減らすことができるので、鉄損も低減することができる。
1,1A,1B…電源システム(電源システム)
21,21B…正極電力線(第1電力線、第2電力線)
22,22B…負極電力線(第2電力線、第1電力線)
3,3A,3B…多段電圧電源(電源)
30…直流電源(直流電源、二次電池)
B…バッテリ(直流電源)
7,7A,7B,7C,9B,7U,7V,7W…可変電圧電源
70,75…絶縁トランス
71,76…1次側回路
71p,71n,76p,76n…1次側入出力端子対(第2端子対)
72,77…2次側回路
72p,72n,77p,77n…2次側入出力端子対(第1端子対)
73…前段コンバータ
80…後段コンバータ
81p,81n…1次側入出力端子対
82p,82n…2次側入出力端子対(第1端子対)
34,34A,35A,34U,34V,34W…逆流防止用スイッチング素子(逆流防止ダイオード、スイッチ)
4…負荷(交流回転電機)
M…交流回転電機(負荷)
5,5B…スイッチング回路
5a,5b,5U,5V,5W…レグ
51,52,53,54,53U,54U,53V,54V,53W,54W…アームスイッチング素子(アームスイッチ)
6,6A,6B…電源駆動装置
8,8A,8B…スイッチング回路駆動装置
Claims (10)
- 直流の電力を出力する主直流電源と、
前記主直流電源又は当該主直流電源とは別の直流電源に接続された第2端子対における電力を変圧して可変電圧の電力を第1端子対から出力する第1可変電圧電源と、
前記主直流電源の両極にそれぞれ接続された第1電力線及び第2電力線と、
前記第1及び第2電力線と負荷とを接続する複数のアームスイッチを含むスイッチング回路と、を備える電源システムであって、
前記第1端子対は、何れも前記第1電力線に接続され、
前記第1電力線のうち前記第1端子対の間には、前記主直流電源の出力電流と逆向きの電流を遮断する逆流防止ダイオードが設けられ、
前記第1可変電圧電源において、前記第1端子対と前記第2端子対とは絶縁されていることを特徴とする電源システム。 - 前記第1可変電圧電源は、前記第2端子対における電力を変圧して前記第1端子対から出力するDC/DCコンバータを備え、
前記第2端子対は、それぞれ前記主直流電源の両極に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源システム。 - 前記第1可変電圧電源は、絶縁トランスと、前記絶縁トランスの1次側と前記第2端子対とを接続する1次側回路と、前記絶縁トランスの2次側と前記第1端子対とを接続する2次側回路と、を備える絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータを備え、
前記主直流電源は、化学エネルギを電気エネルギに変換する放電及び電気エネルギを化学エネルギに変換する充電の両方が可能な二次電池であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電源システム。 - 前記第1可変電圧電源は、前段コンバータと、後段コンバータと、を備え、
前記前段コンバータは、絶縁トランスと、前記絶縁トランスの1次側と前記第2端子対とを接続する1次側回路と、前記絶縁トランスの2次側と前記後段コンバータの1次側入出力端子対とを接続する2次側回路と、を備える絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータであり、
前記後段コンバータは、前記1次側入出力端子対と前記第2端子対との間で直流電力を昇圧又は降圧し双方向に入出力可能な双方向DC/DCコンバータであり、
前記主直流電源は、化学エネルギを電気エネルギに変換する放電及び電気エネルギを化学エネルギに変換する充電の両方が可能な二次電池であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電源システム。 - 前記第1電力線のうち前記第1端子対の間には、前記主直流電源の出力電流を許容し、かつ当該出力電流と逆向きの電流を遮断する逆流防止ダイオードが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1から4の何れかに記載の電源システム。
- 前記第1電力線のうち前記第1端子対の間には、前記主直流電源の出力電流を許容し、かつ当該出力電流と逆向きの電流を遮断する逆流防止ダイオードと、前記逆流防止ダイオードを迂回するバイパス線を断続するスイッチと、が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の電源システム。
- 前記第1可変電圧電源を操作することにより前記第1端子対の間の電圧を0から所定の最大電圧までの間で変化させる電源駆動装置をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れかに記載の電源システム。
- 前記アームスイッチを操作するスイッチング回路駆動装置をさらに備え、
前記スイッチング回路駆動装置は、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が所定の電圧閾値以下である期間内又は前記第1及び第2電力線へ前記第1可変電圧電源の出力電力を重畳していない期間内では、前記アームスイッチを交互にオンオフするスイッチング制御を実行し、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が前記電圧閾値より高い期間内又は前記第1及び第2電力線へ前記第1可変電圧電源の出力電力を重畳している期間内では、前記アームスイッチをオン又はオフの何れかで維持することを特徴とする請求項1から7の何れかに記載の電源システム。 - 可変電圧の電力を出力端子対から出力する第2可変電圧電源をさらに備え、
前記出力端子対は、何れも前記第1電力線又は前記第2電力線に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1から8の何れかに記載の電源システム。 - 駆動輪に連結された交流回転電機と、
直流の電力を出力する主直流電源と、
前記主直流電源又は当該主直流電源とは別の直流電源に接続されたU相入力端子対における電力を変圧して可変電圧の電力をU相出力端子対へ出力するU相可変電圧電源と、
前記主直流電源又は当該主直流電源とは別の直流電源に接続されたV相入力端子対における電力を変圧して可変電圧の電力をV相出力端子対へ出力するV相可変電圧電源と、
前記主直流電源又は当該主直流電源とは別の直流電源に接続されたW相入力端子対における電力を変圧して可変電圧の電力をW相出力端子対へ出力するW相可変電圧電源と、
前記交流回転電機のU相に接続されたU相レグの両端と前記主直流電源の両極とを接続する第1U相電力線及び第2U相電力線と、
前記交流回転電機のV相に接続されたV相レグの両端と前記主直流電源の両極とを接続する第1V相電力線及び第2V相電力線と、
前記交流回転電機のW相に接続されたW相レグの両端と前記主直流電源の両極とを接続する第1W相電力線及び第2W相電力線と、を備える移動体であって、
前記U相出力端子対は前記第1U相電力線に接続され、
前記V相出力端子対は前記第1V相電力線に接続され、
前記W相出力端子対は前記第1W相電力線に接続され、
前記第1U相電力線のうち前記U相出力端子対の間には、前記主直流電源の出力電流と逆向きの電流を遮断するU相逆流防止ダイオードが設けられ、
前記第1V相電力線のうち前記V相出力端子対の間には、前記主直流電源の出力電流と逆向きの電流を遮断するV相逆流防止ダイオードが設けられ、
前記第1W相電力線のうち前記W相出力端子対の間には、前記主直流電源の出力電流と逆向きの電流を遮断するW相逆流防止ダイオードが設けられ、
前記U相可変電圧電源において、前記U相出力端子対と前記U相入力端子対とは絶縁され、
前記V相可変電圧電源において、前記V相出力端子対と前記V相入力端子対とは絶縁され、
前記W相可変電圧電源において、前記W相出力端子対と前記W相入力端子対とは絶縁されていることを特徴とする移動体。
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