JP7320561B2 - 電源システム及び移動体 - Google Patents
電源システム及び移動体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7320561B2 JP7320561B2 JP2021095868A JP2021095868A JP7320561B2 JP 7320561 B2 JP7320561 B2 JP 7320561B2 JP 2021095868 A JP2021095868 A JP 2021095868A JP 2021095868 A JP2021095868 A JP 2021095868A JP 7320561 B2 JP7320561 B2 JP 7320561B2
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- voltage
- power
- switch
- terminal pair
- Prior art date
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
- H02M1/0093—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration wherein the output is created by adding a regulated voltage to or subtracting it from an unregulated input
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Description
以下、本発明の第1実施形態に係る電源システムについて図面を参照しながら説明する。
電源システム1は、第1電力線21及び第2電力線22へ多段電圧の直流の電力を出力する多段電圧電源3と、電力線21,22と負荷4とを接続するインバータ回路5と、多段電圧電源3を制御する多段電圧電源制御装置6と、インバータ回路5を制御するインバータ制御装置8と、を備える。電源システム1は、制御装置6,8によって多段電圧電源3及びインバータ回路5を操作することにより、多段電圧電源3から電力線21,22へ出力される直流の電力を交流に変換し負荷4に供給したり、負荷4から出力される交流の電力を直流に変換し多段電圧電源3に供給したりする。
図2は、可変電圧電源7の回路構成の一例を示す図である。図2には、可変電圧電源7を、所謂フルブリッジ絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータとした場合を示す。なお以下では、電圧型のDC/DCコンバータを例に説明するが、本発明はこれに限らない。DC/DCコンバータは電流型としてもよい。
(1)電源システム1は、可変電圧電源7と、この可変電圧電源7の2次側入出力端子対72p,72nと負荷4とを接続する電力線21,22と、第1電力線21に設けられた第1スイッチユニット31と、第1電力線21に対しこの第1スイッチユニット31をバイパスするように接続された第3電力線23と、この第3電力線23に接続された第1直流電源38と、を備える。電源システム1によれば、電力線21,22の間の電圧であるシステム電圧Voutを第1直流電源38の出力電圧E2未満の範囲で変化させる場合(低電圧印加時)、第1スイッチユニット31をオンにし、可変電圧電源7の出力のみによってシステム電圧Voutを変化させることができる。また電源システム1によれば、システム電圧Voutを出力電圧E2より大きな範囲で変化させる場合(高電圧印加時)、第1スイッチユニット31をオフにし、第1直流電源38の出力電圧E2に可変電圧電源7の可変電圧E1を重畳することにより、システム電圧Voutを出力電圧E2より大きな範囲で変化させることができる。よって電源システム1によれば、低電圧印加時及び高電圧印加時ともに負荷4に印加する電圧を変化させるためにインバータ回路5のスイッチを操作する必要が無くなるので、電圧を多段化するにあたりスイッチを増やす必要がない。このため例えば特許文献1に示すような多段直流チョッパ回路によって電圧を多段化した場合と比較して、スイッチの数を減らすことができるので、その分だけスイッチング損失及び定常損失を低くすることができる。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る電源システムについて図面を参照しながら説明する。なお以下の本実施形態に係る電源システムの説明において、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同じ構成については同じ符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。本実施形態に係る電源システムは、可変電圧電源の回路構成が第1実施形態と異なる。
(12)上述の第1実施形態では、図2に示すような絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータを可変電圧電源7として用い、その2次側入出力端子対72p,72nを直接正極電力線21に接続した場合について説明した。しかしながらこの場合、2次側入出力端子対72p,72nに入力される直流電力を変圧し1次側入出力端子対71p,71nから出力させる回生時の制御範囲が限られてしまう。これに対し本実施形態では、絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータである前段コンバータ73と双方向DC/DCコンバータである後段コンバータ80とを組み合わせたものを可変電圧電源7Aとして用いる。換言すれば本実施形態では、前段コンバータ73を、後段コンバータ80を介して電力線21,22に接続する。よって本実施形態によれば、回生時には後段コンバータ80を駆動し、必要に応じて電力線21,22側の直流電力を昇圧又は降圧して前段コンバータ73に供給することができるので、回生時における制御範囲と力行時における制御範囲とを等しくすることができる。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に係る電源システムについて図面を参照しながら説明する。なお以下の本実施形態に係る電源システムの説明において、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と同じ構成については同じ符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。
(13)電源システム1Aにおいて、第1直流電源38Aは、1次側回路がメインバッテリ37に接続され2次側回路が第3電力線23に接続された絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータであり、第2直流電源39Aは、1次側回路がメインバッテリ37に接続され2次側回路が第4電力線24に接続された絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータであり、直流電源制御装置63Aは、これら1次側回路及び/又は2次側回路を駆動することによって直流電源38A,39Aをオンにする。電源システム1Aによれば、回生時に可変電圧電源7と第1直流電源38Aとを負荷4に対し直列に接続した場合には第1直流電源38Aで変圧した電力でメインバッテリ37を充電でき、回生時に可変電圧電源7と直流電源38A,39Aとを負荷4に対し直列に接続した場合には直流電源38A,39Aで変圧した電力でメインバッテリ37を充電できる。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態に係る移動体としての車両について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
(14)車両Vは、推進力を発生する交流回転電機Mと、上述のように一段接続及び二段接続を切り替えることが可能な多段電圧電源であるU相電源3U、V相電源3V、及びW相電源3Wと、を備える。また車両Vにおいて、U相電源3Uは、交流回転電機MのU相に接続されたU相レグ9Uの両端に接続し、V相電源3Vは、交流回転電機MのV相に接続されたV相レグ9Vの両端に接続し、W相電源3Wは、交流回転電機MのW相に接続されたW相レグ9Wの両端に接続する。車両Vによれば、電圧を多段化するにあたり各相のレグ9U,9V,9Wに含まれるアームスイッチを増やす必要が無くなるので、その分各相のレグ9U,9V,9Wにおけるスイッチング損失及び定常損失を低くすることができる。また車両Vによれば、各相の電源3U,3V,3Wに含まれるスイッチの耐電圧を低くすることができるので、スイッチにおける定常損失を低くでき、さらにスイッチのコストも低減することができる。また車両Vによれば、高電圧印加時(二段接続時又は三段接続時)には、電圧を変化させるために各相のレグ9U,9V,9Wに含まれるアームスイッチを操作する必要が無くなるので、交流回転電機Mに印加する電圧の高周波成分を減らすことができるので、鉄損も低減することができる。
M…交流回転電機
1,1A…電源システム
21…第1電力線
22…第2電力線
23…第3電力線
24…第4電力線
25…バイパス線
27…ボトムユニット
28,28A…ミドルユニット
29,29A…トップユニット
3,3A…多段電圧電源
3U…U相電源
3V…V相電源
3W…W相電源
31…第1スイッチユニット
32…第2スイッチユニット
33…バイパススイッチユニット
37…メインバッテリ
38,38A…第1直流電源
39,39A…第2直流電源
7,7A,7C…可変電圧電源
72p,72n…2次側入出力端子対(第1端子対)
73…前段コンバータ
80…後段コンバータ
82p,82n…2次側入出力端子対(第1端子対)
4…負荷
5…インバータ回路
6,6A…多段電圧電源制御装置
61…電源駆動装置
62…スイッチ制御装置
63,63A…直流電源制御装置
9…インバータ回路
9U…U相レグ
9V…V相レグ
9W…W相レグ
Claims (13)
- 可変電圧の電力を第1端子対から出力する可変電圧電源と、
前記第1端子対と負荷とを接続する第1電力線及び第2電力線と、を備える電源システムであって、
前記第1電力線に設けられた第1スイッチと、
前記第1スイッチの両端を接続する第3電力線と、
前記第1端子対を接続するバイパス線と、
前記第3電力線に設けられ直流電力を出力する第1直流電源と、
前記第1及び第2電力線の間の電圧であるシステム電圧に基づいて前記第1直流電源及び前記可変電圧電源を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記バイパス線には、前記第1直流電源の出力電流を許容しかつその逆向きの電流を遮断するバイパスダイオードが設けられ、
前記制御装置は、前記システム電圧を、前記第1直流電源の第1電圧を跨いで上昇させる場合、前記可変電圧電源を操作することによって前記第1端子対の間の電圧を0まで低下させた後、上昇させることを特徴とする電源システム。 - 可変電圧の電力を第1端子対から出力する可変電圧電源と、
前記第1端子対と負荷とを接続する第1電力線及び第2電力線と、を備える電源システムであって、
前記第1電力線に設けられた第1スイッチと、
前記第1スイッチの両端を接続する第3電力線と、
前記第1端子対を接続するバイパス線と、
前記第3電力線のうち前記第1直流電源よりも前記負荷側に設けられた第2スイッチと、
前記第2スイッチの両端を接続する第4電力線と、
前記第4電力線に設けられた第2直流電源と、を備え、
前記バイパス線には、前記第1直流電源の出力電流を許容しかつその逆向きの電流を遮断するバイパスダイオードが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源システム。 - 前記第1電力線には、前記可変電圧電源の出力電流を許容しかつその逆向きの電流を遮断する第1ダイオードと前記第1スイッチとが並列に設けられ、
前記バイパス線には、前記バイパスダイオードとバイパススイッチとが並列に設けられ、
前記第3電力線には、前記第1直流電源の出力電流を許容しかつその逆向きの電流を遮断する第2ダイオードと前記第2スイッチとが並列に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電源システム。 - 前記可変電圧電源を操作することにより前記第1端子対の間の電圧を0から所定の最大電圧までの間で変化させる電源駆動装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電源システム。
- 前記第1及び第2電力線の間の電圧であるシステム電圧に基づいて前記第1、及び第2スイッチ、前記バイパススイッチ、並びに前記第1及び第2直流電源を制御する制御装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の電源システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記第1及び第2電力線における電力を前記負荷に供給する力行時において、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1直流電源の第1電圧未満の範囲で変化させる場合、前記第2スイッチ、前記バイパススイッチ、並びに前記第1及び第2直流電源をオフにし、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧より大きくかつ前記第1電圧と前記第2直流電源の第2電圧との和未満の範囲で変化させる場合、前記第1直流電源をオンにしかつ前記第1スイッチ、前記バイパススイッチ、及び前記第2直流電源をオフにし、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧と前記第2電圧との和より大きな範囲で変化させる場合、前記第1及び第2直流電源をオンにしかつ前記第1及び第2スイッチ並びに前記バイパススイッチをオフにすることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の電源システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記力行時において、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧を跨いで上昇させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が0になる前に前記第1直流電源をオフからオンに切り替え、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧を跨いで下降させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が前記第1電圧になる前に前記第1直流電源をオンからオフに切り替え、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1及び第2電圧の和を跨いで上昇させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が0になる前に前記第2直流電源をオフからオンに切り替え、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1及び第2電圧の和を跨いで下降させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が前記第2電圧になる前に前記第2直流電源をオンからオフに切り替えることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電源システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記負荷における電力を前記第1及び第2電力線に供給する回生時において、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1直流電源の第1電圧未満の範囲で変化させる場合、前記第1スイッチをオンにしかつ前記第2スイッチ、前記バイパススイッチ、並びに前記第1及び第2電源をオフにし、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧より大きくかつ前記第1電圧と前記第2直流電源の第2電圧との和未満の範囲で変化させる場合、前記第2スイッチ及び前記第1直流電源をオンにしかつ前記第1スイッチ、前記バイパススイッチ、及び前記第2直流電源をオフにし、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧と前記第2電圧との和より大きな範囲で変化させる場合、前記第1及び第2直流電源をオンにしかつ前記第1及び第2スイッチ並びに前記バイパススイッチをオフにすることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の電源システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記回生時において、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧を跨いで上昇させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が0になる前に前記第1スイッチをオンからオフに切り替えるとともに、前記第1直流電源及び前記第2スイッチをオフからオンに切り替え、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1電圧を跨いで下降させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が前記第1電圧になる前に前記第1スイッチをオフからオンに切り替えるとともに、前記第1直流電源及び前記第2スイッチをオンからオフに切り替え、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1及び第2電圧の和を跨いで上昇させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が0になる前に前記第2スイッチをオンからオフに切り替えるとともに、前記第2直流電源をオフからオンに切り替え、
前記システム電圧を、前記第1及び第2電圧の和を跨いで下降させる場合、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が前記第2電圧になる前に前記第2スイッチをオフからオンに切り替えるとともに、前記第2直流電源をオンからオフに切り替えることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の電源システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記回生時において、前記第1端子対の間の電圧が0である間は前記バイパススイッチをオンにすることを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の電源システム。
- 前記第1直流電源は、前記第3電力線に直列に接続された第1バッテリ及び第1バッテリスイッチを備え、
前記第2直流電源は、前記第4電力線に直列に接続された第2バッテリ及び第2バッテリスイッチを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第1バッテリスイッチをオンにすることによって前記第1直流電源をオンにし、前記第2バッテリスイッチをオンにすることによって前記第2直流電源をオンにすることを特徴とする請求項5から10に記載の電源システム。 - 前記第1直流電源は、1次側回路がメインバッテリに接続され2次側回路が前記第3電力線に接続された絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータであり、
前記第2直流電源は、1次側回路が前記メインバッテリに接続され2次側回路が前記第4電力線に接続された絶縁双方向DC/DCコンバータであり、
前記制御装置は、前記第1直流電源の1次側回路及び/又は2次側回路を駆動することによって前記第1直流電源をオンにし、前記第2直流電源の1次側回路及び/又は2次側回路を駆動することによって前記第2直流電源をオンにすることを特徴とする請求項5から10の何れかに記載の電源システム。 - 推進力を発生する交流回転電機と、
請求項1から12の何れかに記載の電源システムであるU相電源と、
請求項1から12の何れかに記載の電源システムであるV相電源と、
請求項1から12の何れかに記載の電源システムであるW相電源と、を備える移動体であって、
前記U相電源は、前記交流回転電機のU相に接続されたU相レグの両端に接続され、
前記V相電源は、前記交流回転電機のV相に接続されたV相レグの両端に接続され、
前記W相電源は、前記交流回転電機のW相に接続されたW相レグの両端に接続されていることを特徴とする移動体。
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WO2015056491A1 (ja) | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電力変換装置及び電力変換方法 |
JP2015216825A (ja) | 2014-04-22 | 2015-12-03 | 田中 正一 | 平滑回路を有するパワースイッチング装置 |
WO2016038683A1 (ja) | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 多相交流モータ駆動用インバータ装置 |
JP2016167911A (ja) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置およびモータ制御装置 |
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JP2015216825A (ja) | 2014-04-22 | 2015-12-03 | 田中 正一 | 平滑回路を有するパワースイッチング装置 |
WO2016038683A1 (ja) | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 多相交流モータ駆動用インバータ装置 |
JP2016167911A (ja) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置およびモータ制御装置 |
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