JP7278633B2 - work machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to working machines. More particularly, the present invention relates to a rotary work machine that is attached to the rear part of a traveling machine body and advances along with the forward traveling of the traveling machine body while rotating a tilling rotor to cultivate a field.

Such a rotary work machine has a frame connected to a traveling machine body, and an apron provided behind the frame, which can be lowered and raised around a fulcrum (first fulcrum) fixed to the frame. are doing. To scrape off the soil adhering to the front part of the apron (the side facing the tilling rotor) and the tilling rotor, or to replace the tilling claws provided on the tilling rotor, the apron is held in a raised state.

However, since the apron is quite heavy and its center of gravity is behind the fulcrum (first fulcrum), it is hard work for the operator to flip up the apron.

As described in Patent Document 1, an apron flip-up assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) has been proposed that uses the elastic force of a gas spring to assist the flip-up force in order to facilitate the work of flipping up the apron. ing. The assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 1 includes a gas spring provided between a side cover provided at a widthwise end of a work machine main body of a rotary work machine and a widthwise end of an apron. The rod-side end of the gas spring is supported so as to be vertically movable along a guide hole provided in the side cover. The assist mechanisms (auxiliary mechanisms) described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are provided above a shield cover that covers the top of the tilling rotor.

JP 2008-278757 A JP 2010-63367 A JP 2014-97042 A

However, since the assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 1 is provided at the widthwise end of the apron, the gas spring may come into contact with obstacles such as ridges and side walls and be damaged during work. .

In addition, the assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 2 has an exposed piston rod of the gas spring, and the assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) described in Patent Document 3 is used with the gas spring lying down. In either case, nitrogen gas may leak from the gas spring, and it is necessary to further improve durability.

A working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is a working machine that is attached to the rear part of a traveling machine body and that advances as the traveling machine machine moves forward while rotating a tilling rotor to till a field, wherein the working machine is connected to the traveling machine machine. a frame (a concept including a main frame and a shield cover; the same shall apply hereinafter); and a first fulcrum fixed to the frame provided at the rear of the frame that can be rotated downward and flipped up. , is provided between the apron whose center of gravity is behind the fulcrum, and a second fulcrum fixed to the frame and a third fulcrum fixed to the apron, and between the second fulcrum and the third fulcrum. and an assist mechanism including a gas spring that applies a force in a direction to flip up the apron by applying a force that changes the distance, and the gas spring includes a cylinder, a piston inserted inside the cylinder, and a piston a piston rod extending from, a rod guide for stabilizing the piston rod, and a free piston movable inside the cylinder partitioned by the cylinder and the piston, and the free piston and the piston in the inside of the cylinder Oil is filled between the space and between the piston and the rod guide, and the assist mechanism further includes a first cylindrical member and a second cylindrical member that are movable on the same axis. A second fulcrum and one end of the gas spring are connected to the tubular member, and a third fulcrum and the other end of the gas spring are connected to the second tubular member.

In the above-described work machine, the assist mechanism further includes a first tubular member and a second tubular member that are movable on the same axis, and the first tubular member has a second fulcrum and a gas outlet. It is desirable that one end of the spring is connected, and the third fulcrum and the other end of the gas spring are connected to the second cylindrical member. Further, a downward opening may be present at one end of the first tubular member or the second tubular member on the apron side. Furthermore, a resin collar may be interposed between the first tubular member and the second tubular member.

In the working machine described above, it is desirable that the gas spring be configured to contract at a point where the apron is lowered.

In the above-described work machine, the assist mechanism preferably has a lock mechanism that does not apply a force that changes the distance between the second fulcrum and the third fulcrum at the point where the apron is lowered. The locking mechanism has a rotatable restraining lever provided on the second tubular member, the restraining lever closing one end of the second tubular member to release the second tubular member from the first tubular member. The member may be prevented from protruding, and the restraining lever may open one end of the second tubular member to allow the first tubular member to protrude from the second tubular member. . Further, the locking mechanism includes means for rotating the restraining lever in a direction to close one end of the second cylindrical member and means for temporarily fixing the restraining lever at a position to open the one end of the second cylindrical member. may have.

In the above working machine, the assist mechanism may include a plurality of gas springs.

According to the working machine of the present invention, it is possible to provide a working machine that is capable of stably assisting and prevents deterioration of the gas spring. Also, when the apron is in the lowered state, it is possible to prevent the apron from jumping up suddenly.

1 is a rear view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Fig. 2 is a side view of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tilling; It is a side view at the time of flipping up the apron of the working machine which concerns on the Example of this invention. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the flip-up assist mechanism of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a side view of the flip-up assist mechanism of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tilling; FIG. 5 is a side view of the apron flip-up of the flip-up assist mechanism of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a chart showing the effect of the flip-up assist mechanism of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

An embodiment of a working machine of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the work machine of the present invention can be embodied in many different modes, and should not be construed as being limited to the description of the examples shown below. In the drawings referred to in this embodiment, the same parts or parts having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted. For convenience of explanation, the terms "upper" and "lower" will be used, and "upper" and "lower" respectively indicate the orientation of the working machine in its working state. Similarly, the terms "forward (front side)" and "backward (rear side)" are used in the description, but "forward (front side)" indicates the direction of the traveling machine body that tows the working machine with respect to the working machine, and "rear (rear side)" indicates the direction. Indicates the direction of the work equipment relative to the traveling machine body.

<Example>
An overall configuration of a work machine and a configuration of a flip-up assist mechanism (assist mechanism) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. A working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is a working machine, such as a tilling machine or a puddler, which is connected to the rear part of a traveling body such as a tractor, and which plows or agitates soil by rotating working claws. . In the embodiments, the configuration of the present invention will be explained using a tilling machine as an example of a working machine, but the working machine according to the present invention may be a puddling machine, and may be a working machine other than a tilling machine or a puddling machine. There may be.

[Configuration of work machine 100]
FIG. 1 is a rear view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tilling. FIG. 3 is a side view of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention when the apron is flipped up. A work machine 100 according to the embodiment is configured from a frame (including a main frame 110 and a shield cover 120), a tillage rotor 102, an apron 130, and the like.

The main frame 110 is connected to a traveling body such as a tractor. The main frame 110 is cylindrical and has a power transmission shaft inside. Rotational power is obtained from a traveling body such as a tractor, and the direction of the rotation axis is changed to the left and right in the traveling direction. A power transmission shaft in main frame 110 is connected to chain case 105 on the side of work machine 100 , and power is transmitted to rotating shaft 104 of tilling rotor 102 by a chain transmission mechanism in chain case 105 .

The tilling rotor 102 is composed of a rotating shaft 104 and a large number of tilling claws 103 provided on the rotating shaft 104 . As shown in FIG. 1, a large number of tillage tines 103 are bent to the right or left in the traveling direction, and the area (width) in which each tillage tine 103 digs up the soil overlaps with the adjacent tines 103. there is love The tilling rotor 102 rotates so as to rake up the soil from the front to the rear in the traveling direction. As a result, soil adheres to the inside of the apron 130 .

The apron 130 can be rotated down and up around a fulcrum 140 fixed to the shield cover 120 . The center of gravity of the apron 130 is behind the fulcrum. Therefore, the apron 130 tries to descend by its own weight. A stainless steel leveling plate 131 is welded to the tip of the apron 130 . The leveling plate 131 is configured to draw a loop from the inside to the outside of the apron 130 . The leveling plate 131 flattens the field dug up by the tilling rotor 102 . Movable extended ground plates 132 are provided at both ends of the ground leveling plate 131 . By opening the extended ground leveling plate 132, it becomes possible to level a wide range of ground together with the ground leveling board 131. - 特許庁A compression rod 142 is provided between a pedestal provided on the main frame 110 and the apron 130 . The compression rod 142 functions to press the apron 130 and the leveling plate 131 against the field with a constant pressure when the apron 130 is in the lowered state. The magnitude of the force exerted by the compression rod 142 can be adjusted by operator's manipulation. Since soil may adhere to the inside of the apron 130, the inside of the apron is covered with a rubber sheet. The inside of the shield cover is also covered with a rubber sheet.

In the embodiment, an apron flip-up assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) 141 is further provided in addition to the above configuration. The apron flip-up assist mechanism (auxiliary mechanism) 141 is provided between a fulcrum 151 formed by the pedestal 111 provided on the main frame 110 and a fulcrum 152 formed by the pedestal 134 provided on the apron 130. Apply a force that changes the distance. Specifically, by shortening the distance between the two, a force is applied in the direction in which the apron 130 is flipped up. The apron flip-up assist mechanism 141 is provided with a lock mechanism 153 . This lock mechanism 153 prevents the application of a force in the direction of shortening the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 when the apron 130 is lowered (FIG. 2).

[Configuration of flip-up assist mechanism]
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the flip-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side view of the flip-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention during tilling. FIG. 6 is a side view of the apron flip-up of the flip-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. The flip-up assist mechanism 141 of the working machine according to the embodiment is composed of an inner tubular member 210, an outer tubular member 220, and a gas spring 250 and the like positioned therein.

[Configuration of gas spring]
The gas spring 250 is composed of a cylindrical cylinder 251 enclosing a space inside, a piston 256 inserted inside the cylinder 251, a piston rod 252 extending from the piston 256, and a free piston 257. there is A bracket 253 is provided at the tip of the piston rod 252 and a bracket 254 is provided at the tip of the cylinder 251 . A rod guide 258 for stabilizing the piston rod 252 is provided near the other ends of the piston rod 252 and the cylinder 251 . The free piston 257 can move inside a cylinder defined by the cylinder 251 and the piston 256 . An O-ring made of plastic resin is fitted between the free piston and the inner wall of the cylinder 251 . A first chamber 261 (a chamber on the right side of the free piston 257 in FIGS. 5 and 6) between the free piston 257 and the tip of the cylinder is filled with nitrogen. As the volume of this nitrogen changes, the gas spring 250 expands and contracts like a spring, and if the distance between the brackets 253 and 254 is small, it exerts a force in the direction of increasing the distance. A second chamber 260 (a chamber on the left side of the free piston 257 in FIGS. 5 and 6) between the piston 256 and the free piston 257 inside the gas spring 250, and a third chamber 280 between the piston 256 and the rod guide 258. (The chamber to the left of the piston 256 in FIGS. 5 and 6) is filled with oil. This oil prevents nitrogen from leaking out of gas spring 250 . An orifice (hole) 259 is formed in the piston 256 along the extension direction of the gas spring 250 . The oil filled in the second chamber 260 and the third chamber 280 move mutually through an orifice 259 formed in the piston 256 . Specifically, as the piston rod 252 extends toward the outside of the cylinder 251, the oil in the third chamber 280 moves through the orifice 259 into the second chamber 260, increasing the distance between the piston 256 and the free piston 257. becomes wider.

[Configuration of combination of inner and outer cylindrical members]
The flip-up assist mechanism 141 combines the inner tubular member 210 and the outer tubular member 220 in order to convert the force in the extension direction of the gas spring 250 into the force in the compression direction. The inner tubular member 210 and the outer tubular member 220 are movable on the same axis. A resin tubular collar (resin collar) (not shown) is provided between the two members to prevent noise caused by sliding between the inner tubular member 210 and the outer tubular member 220 . Bracket 254 of gas spring 250 is connected to outer tubular member 220 by pin 271 . Pin 271 moves back and forth within an elongated hole provided in inner tubular member 210 . Bracket 253 of gas spring 250 is connected to inner tubular member 210 by pin 270 . A fulcrum 151 is provided at one end of the inner tubular member, and a fulcrum 152 is provided at the outer tubular member. As a result, when the gas spring 250 exerts force in the direction of extension, the assist mechanism exerts force in the direction of compressing the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 . As a result, the apron 130 is rotated in the upward direction.

Assuming the above configuration, the gas spring 250 inside the assist mechanism 141 is arranged substantially parallel to the horizon (albeit with a slight inclination), not vertically. In general gas springs, it is desirable to place the piston rod below the cylinder from the viewpoint of preventing gas leakage and deterioration of the gas spring. Therefore, even if the gas spring is substantially parallel to the horizon, gas leakage and deterioration of the gas spring can be suppressed.

[Configuration of lock mechanism]
The apron flip-up assist mechanism 141 is provided with a lock mechanism 153 . This lock mechanism 153 prevents the application of a force in the direction of shortening the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 when the apron 130 is lowered. As a result, the assist mechanism 141 works during tilling and the apron does not spring up. As shown in FIG. 4, the lock mechanism 153 is fixed to the outer cylindrical member 220. The lock bar 230 rotates about a fulcrum 231, the lever 240 extends from the lock bar 230, and the lock bar 230 is restricted from rotating. It is composed of a rotation restricting plate 233 that

When the lever 240 is pushed downward, the lock bar 230 closes one end of the outer tubular member 220, thereby restricting the inner tubular member 210 from popping out. As a result, the assist mechanism does not apply force in the direction in which the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 is compressed. When the lever 240 is tilted upward, the lock bar 230 opens one end of the outer tubular member 220, so that the inner tubular member 210 pops out. As a result, the assist mechanism applies a force in the direction in which the distance between the fulcrum 151 and the fulcrum 152 is compressed. In this manner, the operation of the assist mechanism can be locked by tilting the lever 240 downward during tilling.

[Relationship between assist operation force and apron angle]
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the assist operating force and the apron angle (results of actual measurements using a tilling machine manufactured and sold by the applicant). When the assist mechanism does not work, the apron angle (the most lowered state is defined as 0°, and the rotation angle is defined as the apron angle as it rotates from now on) exceeds 10°, and the load is almost constant. It is understood that it takes On the other hand, when the assist mechanism works, the load decreases substantially linearly from the vicinity of the apron angle of 0°. Then, the load becomes zero at the point where the apron angle is about 60°. In other words, from the operator's point of view, it gradually becomes lighter. Such load tendency is observed from the positional relationship of each fulcrum in the above embodiment. In the gas spring 250 described above, the force in the compressed state is greater than the force in the expanded state. Principle”, the reverse characteristic (the force 1 acting on the assist mechanism increases as the apron angle increases).

[Modification 1]
In the above embodiment, a gas spring having a free piston was used, but it is also possible to use a conventional gas spring without a free piston. In this case, it is desirable that the piston rod is positioned below the cylinder when the apron is lowered, which is the normal state. This is because, even with conventional gas springs that do not use a free piston, the piston rod is positioned below the cylinder, causing the oil inside to move toward the piston, thereby preventing nitrogen gas from leaking.

[Modification 2]
Although only one gas spring is used in the above embodiment, a plurality of gas springs may be used. In this way, it becomes possible to obtain a sufficient assist force. In particular, it is desirable to use a plurality of gas springs in a large cultivator or a puddler having a heavy apron. In this case, a plurality of assist mechanisms may be arranged at intervals in the width direction of the working machine.

[Modification 3]
In the above embodiment, only one gas spring is used in one assist mechanism, but a plurality of gas springs may be used in one assist mechanism. In this way, it becomes possible to obtain a sufficient assist force. Further, the cylindrical member may be not a cylinder but may be an elliptical cylinder with an elliptical cross section or a square cylinder with a rectangular cross section.

[Modification 4]
In the above-described embodiment, the automatic locking mechanism was configured to only move the blocking lever up and down. A guide shape (for example, providing a step in the guide) may be used to temporarily fix the lever at a position where one end of the second tubular member is opened. With such a configuration, the biasing spring automatically locks the apron in the lowest position. In addition, by forming the restraining lever into a guide shape that temporarily fixes it at a position where one end of the second cylindrical member is opened, the apron is unlocked at the lowest position of the apron, and the apron is flipped up in the unlocked state. be able to.

[Action and effect of the embodiment]
The above configuration provides the following effects.

First, according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the assist mechanism is not provided at the widthwise end of the apron, the gas spring may be damaged by coming into contact with obstacles such as ridges and side walls during work. do not have. The assist mechanism is provided between the second fulcrum fixed to the frame and the third fulcrum fixed to the apron. Since the frame is a structural member and already has sufficient strength, the durability is improved. be able to.

Secondly, assuming the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, the gas spring must be arranged substantially parallel to the horizon, and a general gas spring (without a free piston) causes gas leakage. It tends to be more likely. According to an embodiment of the invention, the gas spring has a free piston inside and the chamber between the free piston and the piston and the chamber between the piston and the rod guide are respectively filled with oil. As a result, the possibility that the gas such as nitrogen charged at the tip of the free piston leaks from the gas spring is reduced, the deterioration of the gas spring is prevented, and the service life of the gas spring is greatly increased. This also contributes to a reduction in the maintenance cost of the working machine.

Third, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the state in which the apron is lowered (that is, the state during tilling. This state is maintained for a much longer time than the time in which the apron is raised). , the piston rod of the gas spring is located below the cylinder. As a result, compared to the case where the piston rod of the gas spring is located above the cylinder, the possibility of gas such as nitrogen leaking from the gas spring is reduced, preventing deterioration of the gas spring. Life expectancy is greatly improved. This also contributes to a reduction in the maintenance cost of the working machine.

Fourth, according to embodiments of the present invention, the force exerted by the assist mechanism reduces the force required to flip up the apron. Furthermore, since the assist mechanism is adjusted so that the force gradually decreases within a predetermined angle range, the operator will not accidentally flip up the apron when the apron is lowered during tilling. Once the apron is flipped up to a certain angle with a force of (but less than the force required when there is no assist mechanism), it becomes possible to flip it up with less and less force. That is, the force required for flipping up the apron is reduced, and the force required for flipping up decreases as the rotation angle increases.

Fifthly, in the embodiment of the present invention, it has a first tubular member and a second tubular member that are movable on the same axis, and the first tubular member has the second fulcrum and the One end of the gas spring is connected to the second cylindrical member, and the second cylindrical member receives a force when compressing the gas spring from a position where the third fulcrum and the other end of the gas spring are connected. It has a heavy barrel configuration. As a result, the piston rod of the gas spring is covered with the tubular member, the surface of which does not become dirty, and the service life of the gas spring is greatly improved. This also contributes to a reduction in the maintenance cost of the working machine.

Sixthly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inner tubular member and the outer tubular member double cover the piston rod of the gas spring during tilling. In other words, it protects the piston rod, which deteriorates depending on the surrounding environment.

Seventh, in the embodiment of the present invention, there is a downward opening (a small hole) at one end (apron side) of the inner tubular member. This small opening allows any water accumulated in the inner tubular member to drain.

Eighth, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the gas spring is configured to contract at the point where the apron descends, the surface of the piston rod of the gas spring can be soiled during tilling, which is the longest period of time. This greatly increases the service life of gas springs. This also contributes to a reduction in the maintenance cost of the working machine.

Ninth, in the embodiment of the present invention, the assist mechanism has a resin collar interposed between the outer tubular member and the inner tubular member. As a result, when the outer tubular member and the inner tubular member slide, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of noise.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention.

100: working machine, 210: inner cylindrical member, 220: outer cylindrical member, 250: gas spring, 251: cylinder, 252: piston rod, 256: piston, 257: free piston

Claims (5)

a frame;
an apron provided at the rear of the frame, capable of downward and upward rotation about a first fulcrum fixed to the frame, and having a center of gravity behind the first fulcrum;
a tilling rotor arranged in front of the apron;
A force is provided between a second fulcrum fixed to the frame and a third fulcrum fixed to the apron to change the distance between the second fulcrum and the third fulcrum. an assist mechanism including a gas spring that applies a force in the direction of flipping up the apron by
and
The assist mechanism has a first tubular member and a second tubular member movable on the same axis in which the gas spring is located,
The first cylindrical member is connected to the second fulcrum and one end of the gas spring, the second cylindrical member is connected to the other end of the gas spring,
The work machine , wherein the assist mechanism gradually reduces a force required to flip up the apron within a predetermined angle range in which the apron angle increases. a shield cover;
an apron provided behind the shield cover, capable of downward and upward rotation about a first fulcrum fixed to the shield cover, and having a center of gravity behind the first fulcrum;
a tilling rotor arranged in front of the apron;
It is provided between a second fulcrum fixed to the shield cover and a third fulcrum fixed to the apron, and exerts a force to change the distance between the second fulcrum and the third fulcrum. an assist mechanism including a gas spring that exerts a force in a direction to flip up the apron;
and
The assist mechanism has a first tubular member and a second tubular member movable on the same axis in which the gas spring is located,
The first cylindrical member is connected to the second fulcrum and one end of the gas spring, the second cylindrical member is connected to the other end of the gas spring,
The work machine , wherein the assist mechanism gradually reduces a force required to flip up the apron within a predetermined angle range in which the apron angle increases. The assist mechanism is a lock mechanism that prevents the first tubular member positioned inside the second tubular member from protruding from the second tubular member at a point where the apron descends. The work machine according to claim 2, further comprising: The work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of said gas springs are arranged in an internal space formed by a combination of said first tubular member and said second tubular member. 5. The operation according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the internal space formed by combining the first tubular member and the second tubular member has a square tubular shape with a rectangular cross section. machine.

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