JP7278410B2 - バインダー樹脂組成物及びこれを含む電気化学素子用の分離膜 - Google Patents
バインダー樹脂組成物及びこれを含む電気化学素子用の分離膜 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の一実施様態において、前記PVDF系高分子は、前記バインダー組成物100wt%に対して1wt%~50wt%の範囲で含まれ得る。前記PVDF系高分子は、接着力及び多孔性コーティング層の気孔形成の面を考慮したとき、前記バインダー組成物100wt%に対して5wt%~20wt%の範囲で含まれ得る。後述するように、前記バインダー樹脂組成物は、多孔性コーティング層のバインダー樹脂成分として使用され得、前記多孔性コーティング層は、加湿条件で多孔性コーティング層形成用のスラリーが固化する間にPVDF系高分子の相分離が誘導されて気孔が形成され得る。この際、前記バインダー組成物において、PVDF系高分子の含量が少ない場合には、相分離可能な成分が十分ではなく、気孔の大きさ及び気孔度の面で所望する水準に気孔が形成されない。
本発明の一実施様態において、ポリビニルピロリドンは、下記の化学式1のように表すことができ、前記バインダー組成物100wt%に対して1wt%~20wt%の範囲で含まれ得る。前記ポリビニルピロリドンは、耐熱性及び多孔性コーティング層の気孔形成の面を考慮したとき、前記バインダー組成物 100wt%に対して5wt%~10wt%の範囲で含まれ得る。前記バインダー組成物のうちポリビニルピロリドンが20wt%を超過して多すぎる量が含まれる場合には、後述する段階でPVdF系高分子の相分離を妨害して多孔性コーティング層で気孔がよく形成されず、分離膜の気孔度が低下し得る。
本発明の一実施様態において、PVP-co-PVAcは、ビニルピロリドンの反復単位及びビニルアセテートの反復単位が共重合したブロック共重合体であり得る。具体的な一実施様態において、前記PVP-co-PVAcは、下の化学式2で表される化合物を含み得る。前記PVP-co-PVAcは、前記バインダー組成物100wt%に対し、3wt%~14wt%の範囲で含まれ得、耐熱性及び多孔性コーティング層の気孔形成の面を考慮すれば、5wt%~10wt%の範囲で含まれ得る。
a)高分子樹脂を溶融/押出して成膜した多孔性フィルム
b)前記a)の多孔性フィルムが二層以上積層された多層膜
c)高分子樹脂を溶融/紡糸して得たフィラメントを集積して製造された不織布ウェブ
d)前記c)の不織布ウェブが二層以上積層された多層膜
e)前記a)~d)のうち二つ以上を含む多層構造の多孔性複合膜
分離膜の製造
下記表1の組成によってバインダー樹脂組成物を準備した。アセトンとエタノールとを4:1の割合(重量比)で混合し、ここに各実施例及び比較例のバインダー樹脂組成物を投入して高分子溶液(固形分5wt%濃度)を製造した。ここにAl2O3(日本軽金属,LS235)を投入し、ボールミル(ball mill)方式で分散させて多孔性コーティング層用のスラリーを準備した。多孔性基材(Toray社、B12PA1)の上にディップコーティング(dip coating)方法で前記スラリーをコーティングし、相対湿度(RH)40%水準で加湿相分離を誘導した。このような方法で分離膜を製造した。
1)ロード量
多孔性基材の両面にコーティングされた多孔性コーティング層の無機物粒子及びバインダー樹脂組成物の混合物の単位面積当たりの重量を示す。
通気度測定機(製造社:Asahi Seiko,製品名:EG01-55-1MR)を用いて一定の圧力(0.05MPa)で100ccの空気が分離膜を通過するのにかかる時間(sec)を測定した。サンプルの左/中/右の各1点ずつ総3点測定して平均を記録した。
各実施例及び比較例で製造された分離膜を5cm×5cmの大きさで裁断した後、150℃で30分間維持した後、収縮した程度を下記の式によってTD、MD方向へ各々計算した。各々5%以下であれば、耐熱性が優秀であると認められ得る。
熱収縮率(%)=[(収縮前の長さ-収縮後の長さ)/収縮前の長さ]×100
各実施例及び比較例で製造された分離膜を100mm(長さ)×25mm(幅)で切断し、60℃、6.5MPa、1sの条件で、ホットプレスで負極にラミネートした後、UTM装備(Instron社)を用いて300mm/minの速度で180°角度で剥離し、この際の強度を測定した。50g/25mm以上確保されることが望ましい。
Claims (10)
- 電気化学素子用バインダー樹脂組成物であって、
前記バインダー樹脂組成物が、PVDF系高分子、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)及びPVP-co-PVAc共重合体を含み、前記バインダー樹脂組成物100wt%のうちPVP-co-PVAc共重合体の含量が3wt%~14wt%であり、
PVP-co-PVAcの分子量(Mw)が、500,000g/mol以上であり、
PVP-co-PVAcにおいてPVAc重合単位の含量が、30wt%~85wt%である、バインダー樹脂組成物。 - 前記PVP-co-PVAcの分子量(Mw)が、800,000g/mol以上である、請求項1に記載のバインダー樹脂組成物。
- 前記バインダー樹脂組成物100wt%のうちPVP-co-PVAc共重合体の含量が、5wt%~10wt%である、請求項1または2に記載のバインダー樹脂組成物。
- 前記PVP-co-PVAcにおいて、PVAc重合単位の含量が、50wt%~80wt%である、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載バインダー樹脂組成物。
- 前記PVDF系高分子が、前記バインダー組成物100wt%に対し、1wt%~50wt%の範囲で含まれる、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載のバインダー樹脂組成物。
- 前記PVDF系高分子が、フッ化ビニリデン単独重合体、PVDF-HFP、PVDF-CTFEまたはこれらの二種以上を含む、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 多孔性高分子基材と、前記多孔性高分子基材の少なくとも一面に形成された多孔性コーティング層と、を含み、前記多孔性コーティング層が、無機物粒子及びバインダー樹脂組成物を含み、前記バインダー樹脂組成物が、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載のものである、電気化学素子用の分離膜。
- 前記無機物粒子が、BaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、b1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT,0<x<1,0<y<1)、Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3(PMN-PT)、ハフニア(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、SiO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、SiC、TiO2またはこれらの二種以上を含む、請求項7に記載の電気化学素子用の分離膜。
- 前記多孔性コーティング層において、バインダー樹脂組成物と無機物粒子との和100wt%に対し、バインダー樹脂組成物が0.1wt%~80wt%の範囲で含まれる、請求項7または8に記載の電気化学素子用の分離膜。
- 正極、負極及び前記正極と負極との間に挟まれる分離膜を含み、前記分離膜が請求項7から9の何れか一項に記載のものである、電気化学素子。
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