JP7255441B2 - laminated glass - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to laminated glass.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, laminated glass enclosing a light emitting device having a light emitting element has been used as a building material. Also, a technique of using a laminated glass in which a light-emitting device having a light-emitting element is encapsulated as a window glass for an automobile is being studied.

For example, a light-emitting device having a plurality of light-emitting diodes mounted on a base material is enclosed in the periphery of the windshield, which is laminated glass, so that information such as collision prevention warnings can be sent from inside the vehicle to passengers such as the driver. Techniques for visually recognizing display are available (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2018-508395

If a light-emitting element is enclosed in laminated glass for a vehicle, the outer shape of the light-emitting element is visible from inside the vehicle when the light-emitting element is not emitting light, which reduces the design. It is preferred to shield the element. The shielding of the light-emitting element can be realized, for example, by widening the shielding layer originally provided on the periphery of the laminated glass. However, when the width of the shielding layer is widened, there is a problem that the area of the see-through region of the laminated glass is reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to make the light emitting element inconspicuous from the inside of the vehicle while suppressing the decrease in the area of the see-through region in the laminated glass enclosing the light emitting device.

The laminated glass is a laminated glass for a vehicle that includes a vehicle-interior glass plate, a vehicle-exterior glass plate, and an intermediate film that joins the vehicle-interior glass plate and the vehicle-exterior glass plate, wherein the intermediate film and a first shielding layer provided on the vehicle-interior surface of the vehicle-interior glass plate, wherein the light-emitting device includes a plurality of light-emitting elements, and the first shielding layer comprises: A first strip-shaped region and a first dot region in which a plurality of dots are arranged along one end side of the first strip-shaped region, and each of the light-emitting elements has, in a plan view, at least part of an outer shape of It is arranged so as to overlap with the first dot area.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, in the laminated glass enclosing the light emitting device, the light emitting element can be made inconspicuous from inside the vehicle while suppressing a reduction in the area of the see-through region.

It is a top view which illustrates the laminated glass which concerns on this embodiment. 1 is a cross-sectional view (part 1) illustrating a laminated glass according to the present embodiment; FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (part 2) illustrating the laminated glass according to the present embodiment; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (part 3) illustrating the laminated glass according to the present embodiment; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (part 4) illustrating the laminated glass according to the present embodiment; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view (No. 5) illustrating the laminated glass according to the present embodiment; FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the curved shape of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment; It is a figure explaining the attachment angle of laminated glass. FIG. 4 is a diagram (part 1) for explaining the positional relationship between dot regions and light-emitting elements; FIG. 11 is a diagram (part 2) for explaining the positional relationship between the dot regions and the light emitting elements; FIG. 13 is a diagram (part 3) for explaining the positional relationship between the dot regions and the light emitting elements; FIG. 12 is a diagram (part 4) for explaining the positional relationship between the dot regions and the light emitting elements; FIG. 11 is a diagram (No. 5) for explaining the positional relationship between the dot regions and the light emitting elements; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of dot shape; FIG. 4 is a plan view showing Modification 1 of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing Modification 2 of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing Modified Example 3 of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing Modification 4 of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. Also, in each drawing, the size and shape may be partially exaggerated so that the contents of the present invention can be easily understood.

The vehicle is typically an automobile, but also refers to a moving body having laminated glass, including trains, ships, aircraft, and the like.

Planar view refers to viewing a predetermined area of the laminated glass from the direction normal to the vehicle-interior surface of the laminated glass, and planar shape refers to viewing a predetermined area of the laminated glass from the normal to the vehicle-interior surface of the laminated glass. It refers to the shape viewed from the direction.

1A to 1F are diagrams illustrating the laminated glass according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 1A schematically shows how the laminated glass is attached to a vehicle and viewed from inside the vehicle to outside the vehicle. 1B to 1F are cross-sectional views along line AA in FIG. 1A, and FIGS. 1C to 1F are modifications of FIG. 1B.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the laminated glass 10 is a laminated glass for vehicles having a glass plate 11, a glass plate 12, an intermediate film 13, a first shielding layer 14, and a light emitting device 15. . B indicates the area where the light emitting device 15 is arranged. That is, in the laminated glass 10, the light-emitting devices 15 are arranged in two regions near the left side and the right side. However, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged in one region of the laminated glass 10, or may be arranged in three or more regions.

1A shows the laminated glass 10 in a flat plate shape, but as shown in FIG. 2, the laminated glass 10 may have a compound curved shape curved in both the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. Alternatively, the laminated glass 10 may have a single-curved shape curved only in the longitudinal direction or a single-curved shape curved only in the lateral direction. When the laminated glass 10 is curved, it is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the outside of the vehicle.

Although the laminated glass 10 has a rectangular shape in FIGS. 1A and 2, the planar shape of the laminated glass 10 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be any shape including a trapezoidal shape.

The laminated glass 10 can be applied to, for example, a vehicle windshield, front bench glass, front side glass, rear side glass, rear quarter glass, rear glass, roof glass, extra window, and the like.

For example, if the rear glass is attached to the vehicle so as to be inclined forward, the visibility behind the driver of the vehicle is poor because the rear glass alone narrows the field of vision behind the driver of the vehicle. Extra windows are mounted below the rear glass of the vehicle in such cases to improve the rearward visibility of the vehicle operator.

The attachment angle θ _E of the extra window may be different from the attachment angle θ _R of the rear glass. The mounting angle θ _E of the extra window may be 50° or more with respect to the ground. Preferably, it is 70° or more. Here, as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the mounting angle θ is defined as a center line L which is a line connecting the center points of the width of the laminated glass 10 in the horizontal direction from the bottom side to the top side. , and refers to the angle formed by the center line L and the horizontal plane H (a plane parallel to the ground). In addition, FIG. 3(a) schematically shows a state in which the laminated glass is attached to the vehicle and viewed from the vehicle interior to the outside of the vehicle, and FIG. 3(b) passes through the center line L of FIG. 3(a). It shows a longitudinal section.

As described above, when the rear glass is attached to the vehicle with an inclination toward the front, that is, when the mounting angle θ _R of the rear glass is 10° or more and 40° or less with respect to the ground, an extra window is further placed below the rear glass. is arranged and the mounting angle θ _E of the extra window is 50° or more with respect to the ground, the field of view behind the driver of the vehicle can be widened.

Note that the laminated glass 10 is not limited to the extra window. If the mounting angle θ of the laminated glass 10 is 50° or more with respect to the ground, the laminated glass 10 may be a rear glass, a front bench glass, a front side glass, a rear side glass, or a rear quarter glass. That is, the mounting angle θ of the laminated glass 10 with respect to the ground is preferably 50° or more. More preferably, it is 70° or more.

On the other hand, the laminated glass 10 may be attached so that the attachment angle θ is 10° or less, that is, it is almost parallel to the ground. That is, the laminated glass 10 may be roof glass. The laminated glass 10 may be a windshield. If the laminated glass 10 is a windshield, the light emitting device 15 is preferably arranged outside the test area A defined by JIS R3212:2015. If the light-emitting device 15 is arranged outside the test area A defined by JIS R3212:2015, it is preferable in that the light-emitting device 15 does not obstruct the visibility of the driver of the vehicle.

The glass plate 11 is a vehicle-inside glass plate that is located inside the vehicle when the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle. Further, the glass plate 12 is a vehicle-exterior glass plate that is located outside the vehicle when the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle.

When the laminated glass 10 is curved, the radius of curvature is preferably 1000 mm or more and 100000 mm or less. The radii of curvature of the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 may be the same or different. When the curvature radii of the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are different, the curvature radius of the glass plate 11 is larger than the curvature radius of the glass plate 12 .

The glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are a pair of glass plates facing each other, and the intermediate film 13 and the light emitting device 15 are positioned between the pair of glass plates. The glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are fixed with the intermediate film 13 and the light emitting device 15 sandwiched therebetween.

The intermediate film 13 is a film that bonds the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 together. The intermediate film 13 has, for example, a first intermediate film 131 bonded to the glass plate 11 and a second intermediate film 132 bonded to the glass plate 12 . In addition to the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132, a frame-shaped intermediate film positioned between the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 and surrounding the outer periphery of the light emitting device 15 may be provided. good. The first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 are simply referred to as the intermediate film 13 when there is no particular need to distinguish between them.

In addition, it is preferable that the outer periphery of the intermediate film 13 is edge-treated. That is, it is preferable that the edges of the intermediate film 13 are treated so as not to protrude significantly from the edges of the glass plates 11 and 12 . It is preferable that the end portions of the intermediate film 13 protrude from the end portions of the glass plates 11 and 12 by 150 μm or less so as not to impair the appearance. However, when the laminated glass 10 is a side glass, the edge processing of the lower side of the intermediate film 13 is not essential because the lower side is hidden by the door panel. The details of the glass plate 11, the glass plate 12, and the intermediate film 13 will be described later.

The first shielding layer 14 is an opaque layer, and can be provided, for example, in a strip shape along the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 10 . The first shielding layer 14 is, for example, an opaque (eg, black) colored ceramic layer. The first shielding layer 14 may be a light-shielding colored intermediate film or colored film, or a combination of a colored intermediate film and a colored ceramic layer. The colored film may be integrated with an infrared reflective film or the like.

The presence of the opaque first shielding layer 14 on the laminated glass 10 can suppress the deterioration of the adhesive made of resin such as urethane that holds the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 10 to the vehicle body due to ultraviolet rays. In addition, the busbars and electrodes electrically connected to the light emitting device 15 can be concealed so as to be difficult to see from outside and/or inside the vehicle.

The first shielding layer 14 can be formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing fusible glass frit containing a black pigment onto a glass plate by screen printing or the like and baking the paste, but is not limited thereto. The first shielding layer 14 may be formed by, for example, applying an organic ink containing a black or dark pigment onto a glass plate by screen printing or the like and drying the ink.

The first shielding layer 14 has first strip regions 141 and first dot regions 142 . The first strip regions 141 and the first dot regions 142 will be described later.

The light emitting device 15 has a base material 151 and a plurality of light emitting elements 152 mounted on the base material 151 . A wiring (not shown) is connected to each light emitting element 152 . The light-emitting device 15 may have components other than the substrate 151, the light-emitting element 152, and the wiring (a protective layer covering the light-emitting element 152, etc.), if necessary.

Base material 151 is, for example, polyethylene terephthalate. Substrate 151 may be polyethylene naphthalate, polyaniline, polythiophene, carbon nanotubes, graphene, or the like.

The light emitting element 152 is, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode). The light emitting element 152 may be organic EL (Organic Electro-Luminescence), inorganic EL (Inorganic Electro-Luminescence), or the like. In addition, micro LED is also contained in LED here.

Although the shape of the light emitting element 152 is not particularly limited, it is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped. An example of the size when the light emitting element 152 is a rectangular parallelepiped is length 1.0 mm×width 0.5 mm×height 0.2 mm, length 1.6 mm×width 0.8 mm×height 0.3 mm. , 3.2 mm long×2.0 mm wide×1.0 mm high, and so on.

When the light emitting element 152 is an LED, the shape of the light emitting element 152 should be 0.1 mm or more and 3.2 mm or less in length, 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less in width, and 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less in height. is preferred. If the shape of the light emitting element 152 has a length of 0.1 mm or more and 3.2 mm or less and a width of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, the light emission of each light emitting element 152 is easily visible to passengers in the vehicle, and each Even if the light-emitting elements 152 do not emit light, they are inconspicuous in harmony with the dots forming the first dot region 142, so that the outer shape of the light-emitting elements 152 when not emitting light is less visible from inside the vehicle, resulting in a deterioration in design. can be suppressed. Further, if the height of the light emitting element 152 is 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, it can be encapsulated in the intermediate film 13 that joins the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12, which is preferable.

When the light emitting element 152 is a micro LED, the shape of the light emitting element 152 is 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less, and more preferably 20 μm or less in both length and width. The lower limit values of the length and width of the micro-LED are preferably 3 μm or more in order to reduce the edge effect, in view of manufacturing conditions and the like. The height of the micro LED is 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less.

The wiring is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material. Examples include tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), zinc oxide (ZnO), metal nanowires silver nanowires, copper nanowires, etc.).

The light-emitting device 15 is a device that emits light into the interior of the vehicle through the glass plate 11. The base material 151 is directed toward the glass plate 12 side, and the plurality of light-emitting elements 152 are directed toward the glass plate 11 side. 13 is enclosed. The surface of the light emitting device 15 on the glass plate 11 side (mounting surface of the light emitting element 152 ) is covered with a first intermediate film 131 , and the surface of the light emitting device 15 on the glass plate 12 side is covered with a second intermediate film 132 . That is, the light emitting device 15 is located between the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 as shown in FIG. 1B. It should be noted that the periphery of the substrate 151 of the light emitting device 15 and the periphery of the glass plates 11 and 12 do not necessarily have to be parallel.

The light emitting device 15 may be a device that emits light to the outside of the vehicle through the glass plate 12 . When the light-emitting device 15 is a device that emits light to the outside of the vehicle, the substrate 151 is directed toward the glass plate 11 side, and the plurality of light-emitting elements 152 are directed toward the glass plate 12 side and enclosed in the intermediate film 13 .

The color of light emitted by the light emitting element 152 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include red, green, blue, yellow, and white. A plurality of light emitting elements 152 having different emission colors may be mounted on one base material 151 .

The light-emitting device 15 can emit light from the plurality of light-emitting elements 152 to display, for example, characters (eg, logo display, notification, warning display, etc.). In addition, the light emitting device 15 can cause a plurality of light emitting elements 152 to emit light to display, for example, graphics (for example, arrows directed to the outside of the vehicle) and patterns. If the light-emitting device 15 is a device that emits light toward the interior of the vehicle, the light-emitting device 15 can also be used as a room lamp, an ultraviolet sterilization lamp, or the like.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1C, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged on the surface of the glass plate 12 on the inside of the vehicle. When the light-emitting device 15 is arranged on the vehicle-interior surface of the glass plate 12 , the substrate 151 of the light-emitting device 15 is adhered to the vehicle-interior surface of the glass plate 12 . Further, as shown in FIG. 1D, the light emitting device 15 may not include the base material 151, and the light emitting element 152 may be arranged on the surface of the glass plate 12 on the inner side of the vehicle. When the light-emitting device 15 does not include the base material 151 and the light-emitting elements 152 are arranged on the vehicle-interior surface of the glass plate 12, the light-emitting elements 152 are arranged on the vehicle-interior surface of the glass plate 12, and each light is emitted. A wiring connected to the element 152 is similarly formed on the surface of the glass plate 12 on the vehicle interior side.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 1E, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged on the surface of the glass plate 11 on the outside of the vehicle. When the light-emitting device 15 is arranged on the vehicle-exterior surface of the glass plate 11 , the substrate 151 of the light-emitting device 15 is adhered to the vehicle-exterior surface of the glass plate 11 . Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1F, the light emitting device 15 may not include the base material 151, and the light emitting element 152 may be arranged on the surface of the glass plate 11 on the outside of the vehicle. When the light-emitting device 15 does not include the base material 151 and the light-emitting elements 152 are arranged on the vehicle-exterior surface of the glass plate 11, the light-emitting elements 152 are arranged on the vehicle-exterior surface of the glass plate 11, and each light is emitted. A wiring connected to the element 152 is similarly formed on the surface of the glass plate 11 on the outside of the vehicle.

Here, the glass plate 11, the glass plate 12, and the intermediate film 13 are described in detail.

[Glass plate]
The glass plates 11 and 12 may be inorganic glass or organic glass. As the inorganic glass, for example, soda lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, etc. are used without particular limitation. The glass plate 12 positioned outside the laminated glass 10 is preferably inorganic glass from the viewpoint of scratch resistance, and preferably soda lime glass from the viewpoint of formability. When the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are soda-lime glass, clear glass, green glass containing a predetermined amount or more of an iron component, and UV-cut green glass can be suitably used.

The inorganic glass may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Untempered glass is obtained by shaping molten glass into a plate and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is obtained by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass.

The tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass such as air-cooled tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. In the case of physically strengthened glass, for example, the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass is applied to the glass surface by an operation other than slow cooling, such as rapidly cooling a glass sheet heated uniformly in bending from a temperature near the softening point. By creating a compressive stress layer, the glass surface can be strengthened.

In the case of chemically strengthened glass, for example, after bending, the glass surface can be strengthened by generating compressive stress on the glass surface by an ion exchange method or the like. Also, a glass that absorbs ultraviolet rays or infrared rays may be used, and although it is preferable to be transparent, a glass plate that is colored to such an extent that the transparency is not impaired may be used.

On the other hand, examples of organic glass materials include polycarbonate, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, and transparent resins such as polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene.

The shape of the glass plates 11 and 12 is not particularly limited to a rectangular shape, and may be a shape processed into various shapes and curvatures. For bending the glass plates 11 and 12, gravity forming, press forming, roller forming, or the like is used. The method of forming the glass plates 11 and 12 is not particularly limited, either. For example, in the case of inorganic glass, a glass plate formed by a float method or the like is preferable.

The thickness of the glass plate 12 is preferably 1.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less at the thinnest part. When the plate thickness of the glass plate 12 is 1.1 mm or more, the strength such as resistance to stepping stones is sufficient. . The thickness of the glass plate 12 at the thinnest part is more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.8 mm or less, still more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.6 mm or less, even more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.2 mm or less. It is more preferably 8 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

The plate thickness of the glass plate 11 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. When the plate thickness of the glass plate 11 is 0.3 mm or more, the handleability is good, and when it is 2.3 mm or less, the mass does not become too large.

Further, the glass plates 11 and 12 may be flat or curved. However, when the glass plates 11 and 12 are curved and the thickness of the glass plate 11 is not appropriate, if two glasses with particularly deep curves are formed as the glass plates 11 and 12, the shapes of the two sheets will be mismatched. , the residual stress after crimping, etc. greatly affect the quality of the glass.

However, by setting the plate thickness of the glass plate 11 to 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less, it is possible to maintain glass quality such as residual stress. Setting the plate thickness of the glass plate 11 to 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less is particularly effective in maintaining the quality of the glass with a deep bend. The plate thickness of the glass plate 11 is more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 2.1 mm or less, and still more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 1.9 mm or less. Within this range, the above effects are more pronounced.

When the laminated glass 10 is used for a head-up display, for example, the thickness of the glass plates 11 and/or 12 may not be constant, but may vary depending on the location. For example, when the laminated glass 10 is a windshield, one or both of the glass plates 11 and 12 have a cross section in which the plate thickness increases from the lower side to the upper side of the windshield when the windshield is attached to the vehicle. It may be wedge-shaped. In this case, if the film thickness of the intermediate film 13 is constant, the total wedge angle of the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 changes, for example, within a range of greater than 0 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad.

A coating having a function of water repellency, blocking ultraviolet rays and infrared rays, or a coating having low reflection characteristics and low radiation characteristics may be provided on the outside of the glass plates 11 and/or 12 . In addition, the side of the glass plate 11 and/or 12 in contact with the intermediate film 13 may be provided with a film that cuts ultraviolet rays or infrared rays, has low radiation characteristics, absorbs visible light, is colored, or the like.

When the glass plates 11 and 12 are made of curved inorganic glass, the glass plates 11 and 12 are bent after forming by the float method and before bonding with the intermediate film 13 . Bending is performed by softening the glass by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending is about 550.degree. C. to 700.degree.

[Interlayer film]
Thermoplastic resins are often used as the intermediate film 13. For example, plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based resin, plasticized polyvinyl chloride-based resin, saturated polyester-based resin, plasticized saturated polyester-based resin, polyurethane-based resin, and plasticized polyurethane-based resin are used. Resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins, cycloolefin polymer resins, ionomer resins, and other thermoplastic resins that have been conventionally used for this type of application. A resin composition containing a hydrogenated modified block copolymer described in Japanese Patent No. 6065221 can also be preferably used.

Among these, plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin is excellent in the balance of performance such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. is preferably used. These thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. “Plasticization” in the above-mentioned plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin means plasticization by addition of a plasticizer. The same applies to other plasticizing resins.

However, when the light-emitting device 15 is enclosed in the intermediate film 13, depending on the type of the object to be enclosed, it may be deteriorated by a specific plasticizer. It is preferable to use In other words, it may be preferable that the intermediate film 13 does not contain a plasticizer. Examples of plasticizer-free resins include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins.

Examples of the polyvinyl acetal-based resin include a polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "PVA" as necessary) and formaldehyde, and a narrowly defined polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting PVA and acetaldehyde. Polyvinyl acetal resin, polyvinyl butyral resin obtained by reacting PVA and n-butyraldehyde (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "PVB"), etc., especially transparency, weather resistance , strength, adhesion, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation, PVB is suitable. These polyvinyl acetal-based resins may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.

However, the material forming the intermediate film 13 is not limited to thermoplastic resin. Also, the intermediate film 13 may contain functional particles such as an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, and a light-emitting agent. Also, the intermediate film 13 may have a colored portion called a shade band. The coloring pigment used to form the colored portion is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for plastics and the visible light transmittance of the colored portion is 40% or less. However, for example, organic coloring pigments such as azo-based, phthalocyanine-based, quinacridone-based, perylene-based, perinone-based, dioxazine-based, anthraquinone-based, and isoindolino-based pigments, oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, chromic acid, and sulfates , carbonates, silicates, phosphates, arsenates, ferrocyanides, carbon, inorganic coloring pigments such as metal powders, and the like. These color pigments may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination. The amount of the coloring pigment to be added may be arbitrary according to the desired color tone as long as the visible light transmittance of the colored portion is 40% or less, and is not particularly limited.

The thickness of the intermediate film 13 is preferably 0.5 mm or more at the thinnest part. When the intermediate film 13 is composed of the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132, the thickness of the intermediate film 13 is the sum of the thickness of the first intermediate film 131 and the thickness of the second intermediate film 132. film thickness. When the thickness of the thinnest portion of the intermediate film 13 is 0.5 mm or more, the laminated glass has sufficient impact resistance. Further, the thickness of the intermediate film 13 is preferably 3 mm or less at the thickest part. When the maximum thickness of the intermediate film 13 is 3 mm or less, the mass of the laminated glass does not become too large. The maximum thickness of the intermediate film 13 is more preferably 2.8 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.6 mm or less.

When the laminated glass 10 is used for a head-up display, for example, the thickness of the intermediate film 13 may not be constant, but may vary depending on the location. For example, when the laminated glass 10 is a windshield, the intermediate film 13 may have a wedge-shaped cross section in which the film thickness increases from the lower side to the upper side of the windshield when the windshield is attached to the vehicle. In this case, if the plate thicknesses of the glass plates 11 and 12 are constant, the wedge angle of the intermediate film 13 changes, for example, within a range of greater than 0 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad.

Note that the intermediate film 13 may have three or more layers. For example, the interlayer film is formed of three or more layers, and the shear elastic modulus of any layer other than the layers on both sides is made smaller than the shear elastic modulus of the layers on both sides by adjusting the plasticizer or the like, thereby forming the laminated glass 10. It can improve sound insulation. In this case, the shear moduli of the layers on both sides may be the same or different.

Also, the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 included in the intermediate film 13 are desirably formed of the same material, but the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 may be formed of different materials. good too. However, from the viewpoint of adhesiveness to the glass plates 11 and 12 or functional materials to be put into the laminated glass 10, it is desirable to use the above materials for 50% or more of the film thickness of the intermediate film 13.

In order to produce the intermediate film 13, for example, the above-described resin material for the intermediate film is appropriately selected and extruded in a heated and melted state using an extruder. The extrusion conditions such as the extrusion speed of the extruder are set so as to be uniform. Thereafter, the intermediate film 13 is completed by stretching the extruded resin film, for example, as necessary, in order to give curvature to the upper and lower sides in accordance with the design of the laminated glass.

[Laminated glass]
The total thickness of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 2.8 mm or more and 10 mm or less. If the total thickness of the laminated glass 10 is 2.8 mm or more, sufficient rigidity can be secured. Further, if the total thickness of the laminated glass 10 is 10 mm or less, sufficient transmittance can be obtained and haze can be reduced.

In at least one side of the laminated glass 10, the displacement between the glass plates 11 and 12 is preferably 1.5 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less. Here, the plate displacement between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 is the amount of displacement between the edge portion of the glass plate 11 and the edge portion of the glass plate 12 in plan view.

In at least one side of the laminated glass 10, it is preferable that the displacement between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 is 1.5 mm or less so as not to impair the appearance. In at least one side of the laminated glass 10, it is more preferable that the displacement between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 is 1.0 mm or less so as not to impair the appearance.

In order to manufacture the laminated glass 10, the intermediate film 13 and the light emitting device 15 are sandwiched between the glass plates 11 and 12 to form a laminate. Then, for example, this laminate is placed in a rubber bag, a rubber chamber, a resin bag, or the like, and bonded at a temperature of about 70 to 110° C. in a vacuum of -65 to -100 kPa. The heating conditions, temperature conditions, and lamination method are appropriately selected in consideration of the properties of the light-emitting device 15, for example, so as not to deteriorate during lamination.

Furthermore, a heat-pressing process is performed under the conditions of, for example, 100 to 150° C. and a pressure of 0.6 to 1.3 MPa, whereby the laminated glass 10 with higher durability can be obtained. However, in some cases, this heating and pressurizing process may not be used in consideration of the simplification of the process and the characteristics of the material to be enclosed in the laminated glass 10 .

In other words, a method called “cold bend” may be used in which either one or both of the glass plates 11 and 12 are joined while being elastically deformed. The cold bend consists of a laminated body consisting of the glass plate 11, the glass plate 12, the intermediate film 13, and the light emitting device 15 fixed by a temporary fixing means such as tape, and a conventionally known spare such as a nip roller, a rubber bag, a rubber chamber, or the like. This can be accomplished using a crimping device and an autoclave.

Between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12, in addition to the intermediate film 13 and the light emitting device 15, a heating wire, infrared reflection, light emission, power generation, dimming, touch panel, and visible light reflection are provided within a range that does not impair the effects of the present application. , scattering, decorating, absorbing, and other functions. Also, the laminated glass 10 may have a film having functions such as anti-fogging, water repellency, heat shielding and low reflection on its surface. Also, the surface of the glass plate 11 on the outside of the vehicle and the surface of the glass plate 12 on the inside of the vehicle may have a film having functions such as heat shielding and heat generation.

[Arrangement of light-emitting elements]
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the dot regions and the light emitting elements, and is a partially enlarged plan view of region B in FIG. 1A. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first shielding layer 14 has first strip regions 141 and first dot regions 142 .

The first band-shaped region 141 is a region in which the shielding layer is formed continuously without gaps. The first dot region 142 is a region in which a plurality of dots 142d are arranged so as to be interspersed along one end portion 141a of the first band-shaped region 141 in plan view. The first band-shaped region 141 is arranged, for example, at the periphery of the laminated glass 10 in plan view, and the first dot regions 142 are arranged, for example, all around the inner periphery of the first band-shaped region 141 . Alternatively, the first dot regions 142 may be arranged in a portion of the inner peripheral side of the first band-shaped region 141 in plan view.

As described above, the first shielding layer 14 is formed, for example, by coating a glass plate with a ceramic color paste containing fusible glass frit containing a black pigment and firing the paste. By the way, a glass plate used as a window glass for a vehicle often has a curved shape. The bending of the glass plate is performed by heating the glass to soften it, and the baking of the first shielding layer 14 is performed together with the step of bending the glass plate and the subsequent slow cooling step or cooling step. At this time, there is a difference in heat absorption during heating of the glass plate between a region to which the ceramic color paste containing fusible glass frit containing a black pigment is applied and a region to which the ceramic color paste is not applied on the glass plate. As a result, a convex or concave deformed portion is generated on the glass surface at the boundary between the area where the ceramic color paste is applied and the area where the ceramic color paste is not applied. Then, a glass plate having a convex or concave deformed portion formed on the glass surface is mounted on a vehicle, and when passengers in the vehicle look outside the vehicle through the glass plate, they can see through the deformed portion on the glass surface. Distortion will occur, giving discomfort to passengers in the vehicle.

Therefore, by applying the ceramic color paste in dots on the border area between the area where the ceramic color paste is applied and the area where the ceramic color paste is not applied, the difference in heat absorption during heating of the glass plate can be alleviated. It is possible to suppress deformation of the glass surface.

In the first dot region 142, the shape and size of the dots 142d can be determined according to need, but are, for example, a circle with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, or half a semicircle.

In the first dot region 142, the dots 142d can be arranged in multiple rows parallel to the end portion 141a of the first band-shaped region 141 in plan view, for example. In each row, for example, the dots 142d are arranged at regular intervals.

In the first dot region 142 , some dots 142 d may be formed continuously with the end portion 141 a of the first band-shaped region 141 . For example, in the example of FIG. 4, the dots 142d in the first row when viewed from the end portion 141a side of the first band-shaped region 141 are substantially semicircular dots formed continuously with the end portion 141a. However, the dots 142d in the first row when viewed from the end portion 141a side of the first band-shaped region 141 do not have to be in contact with the end portion 141a. In this case, the dots 142d in the first row are also circular.

In the first dot area 142, the number of dots 142d arranged can be determined arbitrarily. That is, in FIG. 4, the dots are arranged in three rows including the substantially semicircular dots 142d, but the number of the dots 142d arranged is not limited to the example in FIG. Also, dots 142d having different sizes and shapes may be mixed in one line. For example, two sizes of dots 142d may be alternately arranged.

The end portion 142a of the first dot region 142 is determined by the position farthest from the end portion 141a of the outermost row of dots 142d when viewed from the end portion 141a side of the first band-shaped region 141 . The width W from the end 141a of the first band-shaped region 141 to the end 142a of the dot region is, for example, constant, and W is preferably 0.5 mm or more and less than 80 mm.

In the first dot area 142, the density of the dots 142d may be constant. Alternatively, a gradation pattern may be formed by adjusting the density of the dots 142d so that the first band-shaped region 141 is dense on the side of the end portion 141a and becomes sparse with distance from the end portion 141a. In the example of FIG. 4, a gradation pattern is formed by making dots 142d smaller in diameter in a row farther from the end 141a of the first band-shaped region 141. In the example of FIG. Forming the gradation pattern not only improves the light shielding properties of the first dot regions 142, but also improves the contrast between the region in which the above-described first band-shaped region 141 is formed and the see-through region in which the first shielding layer 14 is not formed. Since the difference in heat absorption between the layers can be moderated, it is effective in reducing perspective distortion.

In the light-emitting device 15, each light-emitting element 152 is arranged such that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the first dot region 142 in plan view. In the example of FIG. 4, each light emitting element 152 of the light emitting device 15 is arranged in two rows along the edge 141a of the first band-shaped region 141 at a predetermined interval.

The light emitting elements 152 forming a row near the end 141a of the first band-shaped area 141 are located within the first dot area 142 in plan view. Specifically, each of the light-emitting elements 152 forming a row (hereinafter referred to as a first row) near the end 141a of the first band-shaped region 141 is not in contact with any dot 142d between the adjacent dots 142d. are arranged as

Each of the light emitting elements 152 forming a row (hereinafter referred to as a second row) far from the end 141a of the first band-shaped region 141 has a portion protruding from the first dot region 142 in plan view. , part of the outer shape (one short side in the example of FIG. 4) is in contact with the end portion 142a of the first dot region 142 .

Thus, "each of the light emitting elements 152 is arranged so that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the first dot region 142 in plan view" means that the light emitting device 15 has the entire outer shape of the first dot region 142 . A light-emitting element 152 positioned within the dot region 142 and a light-emitting element 152 whose outer shape has a portion protruding from the first dot region 142 but whose outer shape is partially in contact with the end portion 142 a of the first dot region 142 . including the case of having

However, as shown in FIG. 5, each of the light emitting elements 152 forming the second row is arranged so that a part of the outer shape overlaps with the first dot region 142 and the other part of the outer shape overlaps the first dot region 142 in a plan view. It may protrude from within the 1-dot area 142 . "Each of the light emitting elements 152 is arranged so that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the first dot region 142 in plan view" includes the mode shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, each of the light emitting elements 152 forming the second row may be arranged so that the entire outer shape overlaps the first dot region 142 in plan view. In FIG. 6, all the light emitting elements 152 in the first and second rows are arranged so as to overlap the first dot regions 142 in plan view. "Each of the light emitting elements 152 is arranged so that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the first dot region 142 in plan view" includes the mode shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, at least one of the light emitting elements 152 forming the second row may be arranged so as to overlap the dots 142d in plan view. Alternatively, all of the light emitting elements 152 forming the second row may be arranged so as to overlap the dots 142d in plan view. Although not shown, part or all of the light emitting elements 152 forming the first row may partially overlap the dots 142d in plan view.

Even if part or all of the outer shape of the light emitting element 152 overlaps with the dot 142d, the emitted light from the light emitting element 152 hits the dot 142d and scatters.

4 to 8 may be mixed. For example, the second row is arranged in a zigzag pattern, and a part of the outer shape of the light emitting element 152 is positioned so as to be in contact with the end 142a of the first dot region 142, and only a part of the outer shape is the first dot region. The light-emitting elements 152 positioned within 142 and the light-emitting elements 152 whose outlines are entirely positioned within the first dot area 142 may be mixed. Also, even if the light emitting element 152 whose outer shape partially overlaps the dot 142d, the light emitting element 152 whose outer shape entirely overlaps the dot 142d, and the light emitting element 152 whose outer shape does not overlap the dot 142d are mixed. good.

4 to 8, in the first dot region 142, each dot 142d is, for example, circular (partially semicircular). The shape of each dot may be square, such as . Alternatively, in the first dot region 142, the shape of each dot may be a shape other than those shown in FIGS. 4 to 9 (for example, an ellipse, a polygon other than a square, etc.), and a plurality of shapes may be mixed.

In addition, like the laminated glass 10A shown in FIG. 10, the second shielding layer 16 similar to the first shielding layer 14 may be formed on the surface of the glass plate 12 on the vehicle interior side. The second shielding layer 16 may comprise second strips 161 similar to the first strips 141 . It is preferable that the second strip-shaped region 161 is formed so that at least a part of the second strip-shaped region 161 overlaps the first strip-shaped region 141 in plan view. Also, the second shielding layer 16 may have a second dot area 162 in which a plurality of dots are arranged along one end side of the second strip-shaped area 161, similar to the first dot area 142. Each light emitting element 152 may be arranged so that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the second dot region 162 in plan view. When shielding layers are provided on both the peripheral edge portion of the surface of the glass plate 11 facing the vehicle interior side and the peripheral edge portion of the surface facing the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 12, the outer shape of the light emitting element 152 may be changed to that of the vehicle when the light emitting element 152 does not emit light. This is preferable in that it is difficult to see from both inside and outside of the vehicle. Moreover, it is preferable in that the busbars and electrodes electrically connected to the light emitting device 15 are difficult to be visually recognized from both the outside and inside of the vehicle.

Thus, the laminated glass 10 has the light emitting device 15 enclosed in the intermediate film 13 and the first shielding layer 14 provided on the surface of the glass plate 11 on the vehicle interior side. The light emitting device 15 includes a plurality of light emitting elements 152 that emit light into the interior of the vehicle through the glass plate 11. The first shielding layer 14 includes a first strip region 141 and one end of the first strip region 141. and a first dot region 142 along which a plurality of dots are arranged. Each light emitting element 152 is arranged so that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the first dot region 142 in plan view.

As a result, each of the light emitting elements 152 is harmonized with the dots forming the first dot region 142 and becomes inconspicuous, so that when the light emitting elements 152 do not emit light, the outer shape of the light emitting elements 152 is visually recognized from inside the vehicle, thereby degrading the design. can be suppressed.

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, when all of the light emitting elements 152 are arranged so as to overlap the first dot regions 142 in plan view, the outer shape of the light emitting elements 152 when the light emitting elements 152 do not emit light becomes even less noticeable. Therefore, compared with the case where some of the light emitting elements 152 protrude from the first dot regions 142, this is particularly preferable in terms of design.

Further, the intermediate film 13 may have a colored portion in at least part of the region overlapping the first dot region 142 in plan view. When the intermediate film 13 has a colored portion in at least part of the region that overlaps the first dot region 142 in plan view, each light emitting element 152 not only harmonizes with the dots forming the first dot region 142 but also has a colored portion. Since it becomes less conspicuous depending on the part, it is possible to further suppress deterioration in designability due to the outer shape of the light emitting element 152 being visually recognized from inside the vehicle when the light emitting element 152 does not emit light.

Further, in the shielding layer of an automobile, it is common to provide a dot area (sometimes referred to as a gradation area or the like) along one end side of the band-like area. Therefore, there is no need to newly widen the first shielding layer 14 for the purpose of making the light emitting element 152 inconspicuous, and the existing dot area can be used. As a result, in the laminated glass 10 encapsulating the light emitting device 15, reduction in the area of the see-through region can be suppressed.

Note that FIG. 1A shows an example in which the light emitting device 15 is arranged in two regions near the left side and right side of the laminated glass 10, but the light emitting device 15 is placed in one region near the left side and/or right side of the laminated glass 10. It may be arranged in a region, or may be arranged in three or more regions.

Further, the area where the light emitting device 15 is arranged is not limited to the vicinity of the left side and the right side of the laminated glass. For example, like the laminated glass 10B shown in FIG. may be placed. Alternatively, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged in one or three or more regions near the upper side of the laminated glass 10B.

Further, as in a laminated glass 10C shown in FIG. 12, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged in one region B near the lower side. Alternatively, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged in two or more regions near the lower side of the laminated glass 10C. Alternatively, the light emitting device 15 may be arranged in any two or more regions selected from the vicinity of the left side, the vicinity of the right side, the vicinity of the upper side, and the vicinity of the lower side of the laminated glass.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing Modification 4 of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment, showing an example in which the laminated glass 10D is applied to a rear quarter window. In FIG. 13, a frame 50 is attached to the periphery of the laminated glass 10D.

The laminated glass 10 shown in FIG. 1A has a rectangular shape with a left side, a right side, an upper side, and a lower side. The light emitting device 15 may be arranged in at least one or more regions near at least one of the four sides.

Although the preferred embodiments and the like have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the like, and various modifications and substitutions can be made to the above-described embodiments and the like without departing from the scope of the claims. can be added.

For example, if the glass plate 12 also has a shielding layer on the inner side of the vehicle, this shielding layer may be formed in a band-like region and one end side of the band-like region in the same manner as the first shielding layer 14 formed on the glass plate 11 . and a dot region in which a plurality of dots are arranged along. It is preferable that each light emitting element 152 is arranged so that at least a part of the outer shape overlaps with the dot area formed on the glass plate 12 in plan view. As a result, it is possible to suppress deterioration in design because the outer shape of the light-emitting element 152 is visible from inside the vehicle when the light-emitting element 152 is not emitting light, and the outer shape of the light-emitting element 152 is visible from outside the vehicle when the light-emitting element 152 is not emitting light. can be suppressed. Note that, even when a shielding layer having dot areas is provided on the vehicle-interior surface of the glass plate 12, the positional relationship between the dot areas and the light-emitting elements can be the same as those shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, for example.

10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D laminated glass 11, 12 glass plate 13 intermediate film 131 first intermediate film 132 second intermediate film 14 first shielding layer 15 light emitting device 16 second shielding layer 50 frame 141 first strip region 142 first dot region 161 second strip region 162 second dot region 142d, 142e dot 151 substrate 152 light emitting element

Claims (14)

A laminated glass for a vehicle comprising a vehicle-interior glass plate, a vehicle-exterior glass plate, and an interlayer bonding the vehicle-interior glass plate and the vehicle-exterior glass plate,
a light-emitting device enclosed in the intermediate film; and a first shielding layer provided on the vehicle-interior surface of the vehicle-interior glass plate,
The light emitting device comprises a plurality of light emitting elements,
The first shielding layer includes a first strip-shaped region and a first dot region in which a plurality of dots are arranged along one end side of the first strip-shaped region,
The laminated glass, wherein each of the light emitting elements is arranged such that at least a part of an outer shape of the light emitting element overlaps with the first dot region in a plan view. 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein each of the light emitting elements is arranged so that the entire outer shape thereof overlaps with the first dot region in plan view. 3. The laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of said light emitting elements is arranged so that an outer shape thereof overlaps with said dots in plan view. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light emitting device emits light into the vehicle through the vehicle interior glass plate. The intermediate film has a first intermediate film and a second intermediate film,
The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the light emitting device is positioned between the first intermediate film and the second intermediate film. 6. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light emitting device comprises a substrate and a plurality of the light emitting elements mounted on the substrate. 7. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each said light emitting element is a light emitting diode. 8. The plurality of dots in the first dot region are arranged in a plan view so that the dots are denser on the side of the first strip region and sparsely spaced away from the first strip region. or the laminated glass according to item 1. 9. The shape of the light emitting element is 0.1 mm or more and 3.2 mm or less in length, 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less in width, and 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less in height. The laminated glass described in . 10. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the luminescent color of said light emitting element is any one of red, green, blue, yellow and white. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the vehicle-interior glass plate and the vehicle-exterior glass plate have curved shapes. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a second shielding layer on the vehicle-interior surface of the vehicle-exterior glass plate. the second shielding layer comprises a second band-like region;
13. The laminated glass according to claim 12, wherein the second strip-shaped region is formed so that at least a part of the second strip-shaped region overlaps with the first strip-shaped region in plan view. The second shielding layer includes a second dot region in which a plurality of dots are arranged along one end side of the second strip region,
14. The laminated glass according to claim 13, wherein each of said light emitting elements is arranged such that at least a part of its outer shape overlaps with said second dot region in plan view.

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