WO2023204015A1

WO2023204015A1 - Vehicle window glass system

Info

Publication number: WO2023204015A1
Application number: PCT/JP2023/013907
Authority: WO
Inventors: 優介池田; 暢子満居; 秀雄光武; 竜士平田
Original assignee: Ａｇｃ株式会社
Priority date: 2022-04-21
Filing date: 2023-04-04
Publication date: 2023-10-26

Abstract

A vehicle window glass system (5) having a vehicle window glass (4) that has a glass member and a display unit (20) attached to the glass member, and a projection device (70) positioned on a second side closer to the vehicle interior than the vehicle window glass, wherein the display unit (20) has a display element, the visible light transmittance of the vehicle window glass (4) in the portion including the display unit (20) is 5-90%, the linear density of the display element is greater than 0.057 [no./mm], and the contrast is 1.4 or greater.

Description

Vehicle window glass system

The present invention relates to a vehicle window glass system.

Laminated glass encapsulated with a transparent screen film or the like may be used as vehicle window glass. In a reflective transparent screen film, a beam of light projected from a projection device placed inside a car forms an image on the transparent screen film, and the image is visibly displayed as an image to an observer on the side of the projection device. Studies have been made to improve the visibility of images in vehicle window glasses in which a display portion such as a transparent screen film is enclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

International Publication No. 2019/022007

By the way, it is also possible to display images such as advertisements to pedestrians and the like outside the car. In this case as well, it is required to improve the visibility of the video.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to improve the visibility of images displayed on the display from outside the vehicle in a vehicle window glass system having a display.

A vehicle window glass system according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a vehicle window glass that includes a glass member and a display section attached to the glass member, and a second window glass that is closer to the inside of the vehicle than the vehicle window glass. a projection device located on the side, the display unit having a display element, and a visible light transmittance of the vehicle window glass in a portion including the display unit being 5%. 90% or less, the linear density of the display element is greater than 0.057 pieces/mm, and the contrast is greater than or equal to 1.4.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, in a vehicle window glass system having a display section, it is possible to improve the visibility of images displayed on the display section from outside the vehicle.

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to a first embodiment. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. FIG. It is a figure explaining the resolution of LED. It is a figure explaining LED pitch. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an original image of an image drawn on a monitor. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an image drawn on a monitor. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the positional relationship between a monitor and a subject. It is an example of the approximate curve of LEDp and visual recognition score S in case of Cwd1.44. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to Modification 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to a third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to a fourth embodiment. It is a schematic diagram (part 1) which illustrates the vehicle window glass system concerning 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram (part 2) which illustrates the vehicle window glass system concerning 4th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted. Further, in each drawing, the size and shape may be partially exaggerated to make it easier to understand the content of the present invention.

Note that a vehicle is typically a car, but also refers to a moving object having a vehicle window glass, including trains, ships, aircraft, etc.

In addition, "planar view" refers to viewing a predetermined area of a vehicle window glass from the normal direction of the inside surface of the vehicle window glass, and "planar shape" refers to a predetermined area of a vehicle window glass viewed from the normal direction of the inside surface of the vehicle window glass. This refers to the shape viewed from the normal direction of the inside surface of the vehicle.

<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to a first embodiment, and schematically shows a state in which the vehicle window glass is attached to a vehicle and viewed from inside the vehicle interior to outside the vehicle interior. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle window glass 1 includes a glass member 10 and a display section 20. The glass member 10 is a laminated glass having a glass plate 11, a glass plate 12, and an interlayer film 13. The glass plate 11 is placed on the second side which is the inside of the vehicle when the vehicle window glass 1 is attached to the vehicle, and the glass plate 12 is placed on the second side which is the inside of the vehicle when the vehicle window glass 1 is attached to the vehicle. It is arranged on the first side.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, for convenience of explanation, the vehicle window glass 1 is shown in a rectangular shape with the actual curved shape omitted and the external shape simplified. However, the vehicle window glass 1 may have a compound curved shape that is curved in both the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. Alternatively, the vehicle window glass 1 may have a single curved shape that is curved only in the longitudinal direction or a single curved shape that is curved only in the lateral direction. Of course, the vehicle window glass 1 may have a flat plate shape that is not curved as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. When the vehicle window glass 1 is curved, it is preferable that the vehicle window glass 1 is curved so as to be convex toward the outside of the vehicle (first side). In addition, although the vehicle window glass 1 is shown to have a rectangular shape in FIGS. 1 and 2, the planar shape of the vehicle window glass 1 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be any shape including a trapezoid or the like.

The vehicle window glass 1 can be applied to, for example, an automobile window glass. An automobile has window glass such as a windshield, a front side glass, a rear side glass, and a rear glass provided in an opening of the vehicle body. An automobile may have window glass other than these, such as a roof glass, a front bench glass, a rear quarter glass, an extra window, and the like. It is possible to realize an automobile in which the vehicle window glass 1 is mounted on one or more of the window glasses illustrated here. Of course, the vehicle window glass 1 may be applied not only to the window glass of an automobile but also to the window glass of a moving body including a train, a ship, an airplane, and the like. In that case, a vehicle equipped with the vehicle window glass 1 can be realized.

The glass plate 11 is an inside glass plate that becomes the inside (second side) of the vehicle when the vehicle window glass 1 is attached to the vehicle. Further, the glass plate 12 is an outer side glass plate that becomes the outer side (first side) of the vehicle when the vehicle window glass 1 is attached to the vehicle.

When the vehicle window glass 1 is curved, the minimum value of the radius of curvature is preferably 500 mm or more and 100,000 mm or less. The radius of curvature of the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 may be the same or different. When the radius of curvature of glass plate 11 and glass plate 12 is different, the radius of curvature of glass plate 11 is smaller than the radius of curvature of glass plate 12.

The glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are a pair of glass plates facing each other, and the intermediate film 13 and the display section 20 are located between the pair of glass plates. The glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are fixed to each other with the intermediate film 13 and the display section 20 sandwiched therebetween.

The intermediate film 13 is a film that joins the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12. The intermediate film 13 includes, for example, a first intermediate film 131 that is bonded to the glass plate 11 and a second intermediate film 132 that is bonded to the glass plate 12. Separately from the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132, the frame-shaped intermediate film is located between the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 and surrounds the outer periphery of the display section 20. Good too. When there is no particular need to distinguish between the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132, they are simply referred to as an intermediate film 13.

It is preferable that the outer periphery of the intermediate film 13 is edge-treated. That is, it is preferable that the ends (edges) of the interlayer film 13 be treated so as not to protrude significantly from the ends (edges) of the

glass plates

11 and 12. It is preferable that the amount of protrusion of the end portion of the interlayer film 13 from the end portions of the

glass plates

11 and 12 is 150 μm or less, since this does not impair the appearance. However, if the vehicle window glass 1 is a side glass, the lower edge is hidden by the door panel, so edge treatment of the lower edge of the interlayer film 13 is not essential. Details of the glass plate 11, the glass plate 12, and the intermediate film 13 will be described later.

Incidentally, the shielding layer may be provided in a strip shape, for example, in the peripheral area of the vehicle window glass 1. The shielding layer is an opaque layer, and is provided in a band shape along the peripheral edge of the vehicle window glass 1, for example. The shielding layer is, for example, an opaque colored ceramic layer. Although the color is arbitrary, dark colors such as black, brown, gray, and dark blue are preferable, and black is more preferable. The shielding layer may be a colored intermediate film or a colored film having a light-shielding property, a combination of a colored intermediate film and a colored ceramic layer, or a layer having a light control function. The colored film may be integrated with an infrared reflective film or the like.

The width of the shielding layer in plan view is, for example, about 10 mm to 200 mm. The presence of the opaque shielding layer on the vehicle window glass 1 can suppress deterioration of the adhesive made of resin such as urethane that holds the peripheral portion of the vehicle window glass 1 to the vehicle body due to ultraviolet rays. Furthermore, when the display section 20 has a bus bar or electrode, the bus bar or electrode electrically connected to the display section 20 can be hidden so that it is difficult to see from outside and/or inside the vehicle.

The shielding layer can be formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing a fusible glass frit containing a black pigment onto a glass plate by screen printing or the like and firing it, but is not limited thereto. The shielding layer may be formed, for example, by applying an organic ink containing a black or deep-colored pigment onto a glass plate by screen printing or the like and drying it.

The display section 20 is attached to the glass member 10. In this application, "attached to the glass member" means that when the display part is enclosed in an interlayer film as shown in FIG. 2, the display part is attached to the glass member as shown in FIGS. shall include at least . In this embodiment, the display section 20 is enclosed in the intermediate film 13 of the glass member 10.

The display section 20 has a display element. Specifically, the display unit 20 is, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) display, an organic EL (Organic Electro-Luminescence) display, an inorganic EL (Inorganic Electro-Luminescence) display, a liquid crystal display, or the like. LED displays include displays equipped with small LEDs called mini LEDs and micro LEDs.

The display section 20 includes, for example, a glass or plastic substrate and a display element (LED element, organic EL display element, inorganic EL display element, liquid crystal display element, etc.). For example, display elements of a predetermined size are arranged vertically and horizontally at a predetermined pitch on a substrate. The display section 20 may include components other than the substrate and the display element (such as a protective layer covering the display element) as necessary. Each component of the display unit 20 may be formed from a transparent material to make the outside visible.

The display unit 20 can display information such as images and characters. The information here includes, but is not particularly limited to, advertising, communication with the outside of the vehicle, and automatic driving display, for example. When the vehicle window glass 1 according to this embodiment is attached to a vehicle, the direction in which the display unit 20 displays information such as images and characters is toward the outside of the vehicle.

The display unit 20 may be arranged on substantially the entire vehicle window glass 1 or only on a part of the vehicle window glass 1, as necessary. Note that when the vehicle window glass 1 is applied to a windshield, the display section 20 is arranged at a position that does not hinder the driver's driving. The planar shape of the display unit 20 is, for example, a rectangle smaller than the planar shape of the vehicle window glass 1. The thickness of the display section 20 is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. The visible light transmittance of the portion of the vehicle window glass 1 including the display section 20 is 5% or more and 90% or less.

Here, the glass plate 11, the glass plate 12, and the interlayer film 13 will be explained in detail.

[Glass plate]
The

glass plates

11 and 12 may be made of inorganic glass or organic glass. As the inorganic glass, for example, soda lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, etc. can be used without particular limitation. That is, the

glass plates

11 and 12 can include glass selected from the group consisting of these. The glass plate 12 located on the outside of the vehicle window glass 1 is preferably inorganic glass from the viewpoint of scratch resistance, and preferably soda lime glass from the viewpoint of moldability. When the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 are soda lime glass, clear glass, green glass containing a predetermined amount or more of an iron component, and UV cut green glass can be suitably used. Privacy glass, which will be described later, may be used as the

glass plates

11 and 12 in some cases.

The inorganic glass may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Unstrengthened glass is obtained by forming molten glass into a plate shape and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is made by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass.

The tempered glass may be either physically strengthened glass such as air-cooled strengthened glass or chemically strengthened glass. In the case of physically strengthened glass, the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass can be applied to the glass surface by operations other than gradual cooling, such as rapidly cooling a glass plate that has been uniformly heated during bending from a temperature near its softening point. By creating a compressive stress layer, the glass surface can be strengthened.

In the case of chemically strengthened glass, the glass surface can be strengthened by, for example, creating compressive stress on the glass surface using an ion exchange method or the like after bending. Further, glass that absorbs ultraviolet rays or infrared rays may be used, and although transparent is preferable, a glass plate that is colored to the extent that transparency is not impaired may also be used.

On the other hand, examples of organic glass materials include polycarbonate, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, and transparent resins such as polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene.

The shape of the

glass plates

11 and 12 is not particularly limited to a rectangular shape, and may be shaped into various shapes and curvatures. Gravity forming, press forming, roller forming, etc. are used for bending the

glass plates

11 and 12. The method for forming the

glass plates

11 and 12 is also not particularly limited, but for example, in the case of inorganic glass, glass plates formed by a float method or the like are preferred.

The thickness of the glass plate 12 is preferably 1.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less at the thinnest part. When the thickness of the glass plate 12 is 1.1 mm or more, the strength such as stone flying resistance is sufficient, and when it is 3 mm or less, the mass of the vehicle window glass 1 does not become too large, which improves the fuel efficiency of the vehicle. It is preferable. The thickness of the glass plate 12 at the thinnest part is more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.8 mm or less, still more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.6 mm or less, still more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.2 mm or less, 1. More preferably, it is 8 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

The thickness of the glass plate 11 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. When the thickness of the glass plate 11 is 0.3 mm or more, handling properties are good, and when it is 2.3 mm or less, the mass does not become too large.

Further, the

glass plates

11 and 12 may have a flat plate shape or a curved shape. However, if the

glass plates

11 and 12 are curved and the thickness of the glass plate 11 is not appropriate, if two pieces of glass with particularly deep bends are formed as the

glass plates

11 and 12, a mismatch will occur in the shapes of the two pieces. , which greatly affects glass quality such as residual stress after crimping.

However, by setting the thickness of the glass plate 11 to 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less, glass quality such as residual stress can be maintained. Setting the thickness of the glass plate 11 to 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less is particularly effective in maintaining glass quality in deeply curved glass. The thickness of the glass plate 11 is more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 2.1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 1.9 mm or less. Within this range, the above effects become even more remarkable.

When the vehicle window glass 1 is used for a head-up display, for example, the glass plates 11 and/or 12 do not have a constant thickness, and the thickness may vary from place to place as necessary. For example, when the vehicle window glass 1 is a windshield, one or both of the

glass plates

11 and 12 becomes thicker from the lower side to the upper side of the windshield when the windshield is attached to the vehicle. It may also have a wedge-shaped cross section. In this case, if the thickness of the interlayer film 13 is constant, the total wedge angle of the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 may be varied within a range of, for example, greater than 0 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad.

On the outside of the glass plates 11 and/or 12, a coating having water repellency, ultraviolet ray and infrared ray blocking functions, or a coating having low reflection characteristics and low radiation characteristics may be provided. Furthermore, a coating having properties such as ultraviolet and infrared ray blocking, low radiation properties, visible light absorption, and coloring may be provided on the side of the glass plates 11 and/or 12 that is in contact with the intermediate film 13.

When the

glass plates

11 and 12 are curved inorganic glass, the

glass plates

11 and 12 are bent and formed after forming by the float method and before being bonded with the interlayer film 13. Bending is performed by softening the glass by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending is preferably controlled within the range of approximately 550°C to 700°C.

[Intermediate film]
Thermoplastic resins are often used as the intermediate film 13, such as plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin, plasticized polyvinyl chloride resin, saturated polyester resin, plasticized saturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, and plasticized polyurethane resin. Thermoplastic resins conventionally used for this type of use include resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins, cycloolefin polymer resins, and ionomer resins. The intermediate film 13 can contain at least one resin selected from the group consisting of these resins. Further, as the intermediate film 13, a resin composition containing a hydrogenated modified block copolymer described in Japanese Patent No. 6065221 can also be suitably used.

Among these, plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin has an excellent balance of performance such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. is preferably used. These thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. "Plasticized" in the above-mentioned plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin means plasticized by addition of a plasticizer. The same applies to other plasticized resins.

However, when encapsulating a specific substance in the interlayer film 13, depending on the type of substance to be encapsulated, the specific plasticizer may cause deterioration, and in that case, a resin that does not substantially contain the plasticizer may be used. It is preferable to use That is, it may be preferable that the interlayer film 13 does not contain a plasticizer. Examples of the resin that does not contain a plasticizer include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (hereinafter also referred to as "EVA" as necessary).

The above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal resin includes polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter also referred to as "PVA" as necessary) and formaldehyde, and polyvinyl acetal in a narrow sense obtained by reacting PVA and acetaldehyde. Examples include polyvinyl butyral resin (hereinafter also referred to as "PVB" as necessary) obtained by reacting PVA and n-butyraldehyde, and in particular, transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, PVB is preferred because it has an excellent balance of performance such as penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. Note that these polyvinyl acetal resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

However, the material forming the intermediate film 13 is not limited to thermoplastic resin. Further, the intermediate film 13 may contain functional particles such as an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, and a luminescent agent. Further, the interlayer film 13 may have a colored portion called a shade band. The coloring pigment used to form the colored part is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for plastics and the visible light transmittance of the colored part is 40% or less, but for example, Organic coloring pigments such as azo, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, dioxazine, anthraquinone, isoindolino, oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, chromic acid, sulfates, carbonates, Examples include inorganic coloring pigments such as silicates, phosphates, arsenates, ferrocyanides, carbon, and metal powders. These colored pigments may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the colored pigment added may be arbitrary depending on the desired color tone and is not particularly limited, as long as the visible light transmittance of the colored portion is 40% or less. Note that the visible light transmittance can be measured by a method based on JIS R 3106:1998. In this application, visible light refers to light with a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less.

The thickness of the intermediate film 13 is preferably 0.5 mm or more at the thinnest part. In addition, when the intermediate film 13 consists of the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132, the film thickness of the intermediate film 13 is the sum of the film thickness of the first intermediate film 131 and the film thickness of the second intermediate film 132. The film thickness is as follows. When the thickness of the interlayer film 13 at its thinnest part is 0.5 mm or more, the impact resistance necessary for a vehicle window glass will be sufficient. Further, the thickness of the intermediate film 13 is preferably 3 mm or less at the thickest portion. When the maximum thickness of the interlayer film 13 is 3 mm or less, the mass of the vehicle window glass does not become too large. The maximum thickness of the intermediate film 13 is more preferably 2.8 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.6 mm or less.

When the vehicle window glass 1 is used, for example, in a head-up display, the interlayer film 13 does not have a constant thickness, and the thickness may vary from place to place as necessary. For example, when the vehicle window glass 1 is a windshield, the interlayer film 13 may have a wedge-shaped cross section in which the thickness increases from the lower side to the upper side of the windshield when the windshield is attached to the vehicle. In this case, if the thicknesses of the

glass plates

11 and 12 are constant, the wedge angle of the interlayer film 13 may be varied within a range of, for example, greater than 0 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad.

Note that the intermediate film 13 may have three or more layers. For example, if the interlayer film is formed from three or more layers and the shear modulus of any layer other than the layers on both sides is made smaller than that of the layers on both sides by adjusting the plasticizer, etc., the vehicle window glass 1 Sound insulation can be improved. In this case, the shear modulus of the layers on both sides may be the same or different.

Further, it is desirable that the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 included in the intermediate film 13 be formed of the same material, but it is preferable that the first intermediate film 131 and the second intermediate film 132 be formed of different materials. Good too. However, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the

glass plates

11 and 12 or the functional material to be inserted into the vehicle window glass 1, it is desirable to use the above-mentioned materials for 50% or more of the thickness of the interlayer film 13.

In order to produce the interlayer film 13, for example, the above-mentioned resin material that will become the interlayer film is appropriately selected, and extrusion molded in a heated molten state using an extruder. Extrusion conditions such as extrusion speed of the extruder are set to be uniform. Thereafter, the extruded resin film is stretched, for example, as necessary, in order to have curvature on the upper and lower sides in accordance with the design of the vehicle window glass, thereby completing the interlayer film 13.

[Vehicle window glass]
The total thickness of the vehicle window glass 1 is preferably 2.8 mm or more and 10 mm or less. If the total thickness of the vehicle window glass 1 is 2.8 mm or more, sufficient rigidity can be ensured. Moreover, if the total thickness of the vehicle window glass 1 is 10 mm or less, sufficient transmittance can be obtained and haze can be reduced.

On at least one side of the vehicle window glass 1, the misalignment between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 is preferably 1.5 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less. Here, the displacement between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 is the amount of displacement between the end of the glass plate 11 and the end of the glass plate 12 in plan view.

It is preferable that the misalignment between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 on at least one side of the vehicle window glass 1 is 1.5 mm or less, since this does not impair the appearance. It is more preferable that the misalignment between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 on at least one side of the vehicle window glass 1 is 1.0 mm or less, since this does not impair the appearance.

To manufacture the vehicle window glass 1, a first interlayer film 131, a display section 20, and a second interlayer film 132 are sandwiched between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 to form a laminate. Then, for example, this laminate is placed in a rubber bag, a rubber chamber, a resin bag, etc., and the temperature is controlled in the range of approximately 70 to 110°C in a vacuum controlled at a gauge pressure in the range of -65 kPa to -100 kPa. and glue. The heating conditions, temperature conditions, and lamination method are selected as appropriate.

Further, by carrying out a pressure bonding process by heating and pressurizing under conditions controlled within the range of, for example, 100 to 150° C. and an absolute pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.3 MPa, a vehicle window glass 1 with even greater durability can be obtained. However, in some cases, this heating and pressurizing process may not be used in order to simplify the process and take into account the characteristics of the material sealed in the vehicle window glass 1.

In other words, a method called "cold bending" may be used in which either one or both of the

glass plates

11 and 12 are joined in a mutually elastically deformed state. Cold bending consists of a laminate consisting of a glass plate 11, a first interlayer film 131, a display section 20, a second interlayer film 132, and a glass plate 12 fixed by temporary fixing means such as tape, and a conventionally known nip roller. Alternatively, this can be achieved by using a pre-pressing device such as a rubber bag or a rubber chamber, and an autoclave.

Between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12, in addition to the interlayer film 13 and the display section 20, a heating wire, infrared reflection, light emission, power generation, dimming, a touch panel, visible light reflection, etc., are provided between the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12, within a range that does not impair the effects of the present application. , a film or device having functions such as scattering, decoration, absorption, etc. Further, the surface of the glass member 10 may have a film having functions such as antifogging, water repellency, heat shielding, and low reflection. Further, a film having functions such as heat shielding and heat generation may be provided on the outside surface of the glass plate 11 and the inside surface of the glass plate 12.

[Visibility of the image displayed on the display unit 20 from outside the vehicle]
The visibility of the image displayed on the display unit 20 from outside the vehicle is influenced by various factors, but the linear density [pieces/mm] of the display elements determined by the size and pitch of the display elements included in the display unit 20 is large. Contribute. That is, the higher the linear density of the display element, the higher the brightness and resolution of the display section 20, and therefore the visibility of the image displayed on the display section 20 from outside the vehicle improves.

However, when the linear density of the display element increases, it also causes disadvantages such as an increase in manufacturing cost and a decrease in visible light transmittance, so it is not preferable to increase the linear density of the display element more than necessary. Therefore, the inventors conducted an experiment to find out what level of linear density of the display element is necessary for the visibility of the image displayed on the display section 20 from outside the vehicle to be within an acceptable range. Specifically, an LED was assumed as the display element, and the linear density of the display element at which the visibility of the image displayed on the display unit 20 from outside the vehicle is within an acceptable range even during the daytime was investigated through experiments and simulations. The details will be explained below.

(Advance preparation)
First, before the evaluation, we created an evaluation program that can draw input images at low resolution like a discretely arranged LED display using Unity, a game engine software that is image drawing software. By using this evaluation program, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the resolution of the LEDs 220 arranged vertically and horizontally on the monitor 210 can be varied in multiple levels. In the example of FIG. 3, (a) has the lowest resolution, (b) has a higher resolution than (a), and (c) has an even higher resolution than (b).

In this evaluation program, the LED size and LED pitch can be changed arbitrarily as variables. Here, as shown in FIG. 4A, the shape of the LED 220 when the monitor 210 is viewed from the front is a square, and the length of one side is defined as the LED size (LEDs). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the case where the interval between adjacent LEDs 220 is the same as the LED size (LEDs) is defined as LED pitch 2, and as shown in FIG. 4(b), the interval between adjacent LEDs 220 is the same as the LED size (LEDs). A case where the pitch was twice the LED size (LEDs) was defined as an LED pitch of 3. Similarly, the case where the interval between adjacent LEDs 220 is n times the LED size (LEDs) is defined as LED pitch n+1, and LED pitch 4 to LED pitch 9 are defined.

Next, an image was drawn on the monitor 210. The original image of the image drawn on the monitor 210 is one in which Landolt rings of seven different sizes are arranged as shown in FIG. The sizes of the Landolt rings shown in FIG. 5 are called 287, 143, 72, 36, 18, 9, and 5 in order from the largest. For example, Landolt ring size 72 is 0.073 in terms of visual acuity, and Landolt ring size 36 is 0.145 in terms of visual acuity. The visual acuity conversion here is defined by the visual acuity value of the Landolt ring optotype described in JIST7309:2002.

The size of the image on the monitor 210 was a rectangle with Lx=640 and Lz=400. Further, when the RGB value of the color of the Landolt ring is B and the RGB value of the other part is W, evaluation was made only under the condition that B<W. In FIG. 5, the background of the Landolt ring is shown as a dot pattern for convenience, but the original image including the Landolt ring and its background has sufficient resolution to not interfere with the evaluation described below.

When the image in FIG. 5 is drawn on the monitor 210 using the above evaluation program, an image as shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. 6, for example, is drawn. Although only a part of the drawn image is shown in FIG. 6, all of the Landolt rings of seven different sizes shown in FIG. 5 are drawn according to the LED size and LED pitch set in the evaluation program. The image to be drawn has the highest resolution when the LED pitch is 2, and the lowest resolution when the LED pitch is 9.

Next, in the image drawn on the monitor 210, when the brightness of each Landolt ring part is Bb and the brightness of the background part is Wb, Wb and Bb are measured with a surface brightness meter, and Wb is calculated from the measured values. /Bb was defined as Cwd. Cwd indicates the brightness contrast between the Landolt ring and the background, and was used as one of the explanatory variables determined in the evaluation. Furthermore, in the image drawn on the monitor 210, when the brightness of the margin between adjacent LEDs is Sb, Bb/Sb is defined as Cbs. Cbs indicates the brightness contrast between the margin between adjacent LEDs and the Landolt ring, and was used as one of the explanatory variables found in the evaluation. The surface brightness measuring device used to measure the brightness was CA-2500 manufactured by KONICA MINOLTA.

(evaluation)
First, the monitor 210 was installed on a horizontal floor in a room. As shown in FIG. 7(a), the subject 300 stands in front of the monitor 210 at approximately the center in the left-right direction (X direction), and as shown in FIG. 7(b), the height of the subject's 300's line of sight is The height of the monitor 210 was adjusted so that it was located approximately at the center of the monitor 210 in the vertical direction (Z direction). At this time, the distance Ly between the midpoint of the left and right eyes of the subject 300 and the center of the monitor 210 was set to 3 m in the Y direction parallel to the floor of the room. Note that the X direction and the Y direction are in a plane parallel to the floor, and the Z direction is a normal direction to the floor. Note that Wb and Bb mentioned above were determined by installing the surface brightness meter so that the light receiving part of the surface brightness meter was located at the same position as the eye position of the subject 300 in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b). I measured it.

In the evaluation, the room was made completely dark, and subjects 300 with visual acuity of 1.5 or higher were asked to visually view the image displayed on the monitor 210 and answer the direction of one of seven Landolt rings according to size. If the answer was correct, it was marked as 〇 (seen), and if the answer could not be answered or the answer was incorrect, it was marked as × (not visible). The test was conducted by two or more people under at least one condition. When tabulating the test results, those who could see were assigned a score of 1, those who could not see were assigned a score of 0, and the average value was defined as the visual recognition score S. For example, when measuring the same conditions with three people, if two people are visible and one person is not, the visibility score S=0.67. Note that when the visual recognition score S was a decimal, it was rounded to the third decimal place.

The above evaluation was performed using LED size: LEDs, LED pitch: LEDp, Landolt ring size, brightness contrast between Landolt ring and background: Cwd, and visibility score: S as evaluation variables.

(data analysis)
The above evaluation results were summarized, and the conditions under which the visual recognition score S resulted in various numbers were tabulated for each LEDp and Cwd as shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the values when LEDs = 2 mm, Landolt ring size 36, and LEDp = 2, 3, 4, and 5 as representative examples. The results were also tabulated in the same manner as in Table 1.

Next, a currently commercially available LED panel was prepared. This LED panel has a maximum luminance L _LED [cd/m ² ] of 3000. Here, the maximum brightness L _LED [cd/m ² ] is the maximum brightness in the minimum measurement range of the brightness meter when the brightness of the light source is measured at a distance of 1 m.

When Cwd was measured outdoors during the day using this LED panel, Cwd was 1.44. Therefore, we thought that Cwd = 1.44 would be an indicator when evaluating whether or not the image displayed on the display unit can be viewed in an outdoor environment during the day, and from the aggregated results, we found that when Cwd = 1.44, The visibility score S was estimated. Since the visibility score S changes rapidly in the region of Cwd = 1.2 to 2.4, it cannot be approximated by a simple function, so here we use the following method to calculate the visibility score S when Cwd = 1.44. I estimated it.

First, using the values in Table 1, find the slope from the results of Cwd = 1.2 and Cwd = 1.4 at a certain LEDp value, calculate the result of Cwd = 1.44 by extrapolation, and calculate the slope of Cwd = 1.44l. And so. Next, the slope was determined from the results of Cwd=1.6 and Cwd=2.0, and the result of Cwd=1.44 was calculated by extrapolation, and was set as Cwd1.44h. Then, the average value of Cwd1.44l and Cwd1.44h was determined, and this was set as the visual recognition score S when Cwd=1.44. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, those whose estimated visual recognition score S exceeded 1.0 were treated as visual recognition score S=1.0. Note that although the visual recognition score S when Cwd=1.44 was estimated here, the visual recognition score S when Cwd=1.44 may be directly measured.

Next, from Table 2, an approximated curve of the value of each LEDp in the case of Cwd 1.44 was determined using a quadratic function, and an LEDp for which the visibility score S was 0 was determined from the approximated curve. The approximate curve is shown in FIG. 8, and the LEDp whose visibility score S is 0 is shown in Table 3. From this result, in the case of Cwd 1.44, LEDs=2 mm, and Landolt ring size 36, it can be predicted that the visibility score S becomes 0 when LEDp becomes about 5.2. The approximate curve was obtained using a quadratic function because it could be approximated to some extent under any evaluation condition.

Next, when the LEDs, Landolt ring size, and visibility score S were other values, approximations were made in the same way as above. From the obtained results, for the cases where Cwd=1.44 and the Landolt ring size is 36 and 72, the visibility score S is expected to be 0.5, 0.3, 0.25, and 0, respectively. are summarized in Tables 4 to 7. In Tables 4 to 7, the distance between LEDs and the LED linear density were calculated from the LED size and LED pitch. Note that the Landolt ring sizes 36 and 72 were extracted because they are close to the font size expected to be used in the area of vehicle window glass.

Table 7 shows that by increasing the LED linear density to more than 0.057 [pieces/mm], when the LED size is 3.5 mm or more, one or more people can watch the image displayed on the display in an outdoor environment during the day. Visible.

Furthermore, by increasing the LED linear density to more than 0.096 pieces/mm, one or more people can view the image displayed on the display unit in an outdoor environment during the daytime when the LED size is 2 mm or more.

In addition, by increasing the LED linear density to more than 0.169 pieces/mm, when the LED size is 0.5 mm or more, one or more people can view the image displayed on the display in a daytime outdoor environment. .

In addition, by increasing the LED linear density to more than 0.300 pieces/mm, more than one person can view the image displayed on the display in an outdoor environment during the daytime when the LED size is 0.3 mm or more. .

Furthermore, the larger the Cwd, the better the visibility in the daytime outdoor environment, so the results obtained in Tables 4 to 7 hold true when the Cwd is 1.44 or more. In other words, the results obtained in Tables 4 to 7 hold when the maximum luminance L _LED [cd/m ² ] of the display section is 3000 or more.

Note that in the above evaluation, the shape of the LED was square, but the shape of the LED may be other than square. For example, if the shape of the LED is rectangular, the LED size is the length of the short side, if the shape of the LED is circular, the LED size is the diameter, and if the shape of the LED is oval, the LED size is the short axis. Furthermore, although LEDs were used as display elements in the above evaluation, the above results also hold true when display elements other than LEDs are used.

In other words, regardless of the type or shape of the display elements included in the display section, by setting the linear density of the display elements to 0.071 [pieces/mm] or more and selecting display elements of an appropriate size, it is possible to More than one out of four people can view the image displayed on the display unit.

In addition, in order to further improve the visibility of the image displayed on the display section 20 from outside the vehicle, the visible light transmittance of components located inside the vehicle from the display section 20 is preferably 30% or less, and 20% or less. It is more preferably at most 10%, even more preferably at most 10%. Here, the term "components located on the inside of the vehicle from the display section 20" refers to a collection of various components located on the inside of the vehicle from the display section 20, and a plurality of components are located on the inside of the vehicle. It is not limited to an aggregate of composite elements, but also includes the case of a single element where only a single component is located inside the vehicle. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the aggregate of the constituent elements, for example, the glass plate 11 and the first interlayer film 131, is preferably 30% or less.

In order to lower the visible light transmittance of the glass plate 11, for example, the glass plate 11 may be made of privacy glass. Further, in order to lower the visible light transmittance of the first intermediate film 131, for example, the first intermediate film 131 may be a colored intermediate film. Alternatively, by increasing the thickness of the first intermediate film 131, increasing the number of laminated layers of the first intermediate film 131, and/or selecting a material for the first intermediate film 131, the visibility of the first intermediate film 131 can be reduced. It is also possible to lower the light transmittance.

Further, the visible light transmittance of the components located on the outer side of the vehicle than the display section 20 is preferably more than 30% and less than 90%. Here, "component elements located on the outer side of the vehicle than the display section 20" refers to a collection of various components located on the outer side of the vehicle than the display section 20, and a plurality of components are located on the outer side of the vehicle. It is not limited to an aggregate of composite elements in this case, but also includes a single element in the case where only a single component is located on the outside of the vehicle. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the assembly of the constituent elements, for example, the assembly composed of the glass plate 12 and the second intermediate film 132, is preferably more than 30% and less than 90%, and more than 40% and less than 90%. is more preferable, and more preferably more than 50% and 90% or less.

In order to increase the visible light transmittance of the glass plate 12, the glass plate 12 may be made of green glass or clear glass, for example. Furthermore, in order to increase the visible light transmittance of the second intermediate film 132, the second intermediate film 132 may be made of a clear intermediate film, for example. Alternatively, the visible light transmittance of the second intermediate film 132 can be lowered by reducing the thickness of the second intermediate film 132 and/or selecting a material for the second intermediate film 132.

Further, it is preferable that the visible light transmittance of the component located on the vehicle outer side than the display section 20 is higher than the visible light transmittance of the component located on the vehicle inner side than the display section 20.

Here, green glass is highly transparent glass. The visible light transmittance of green glass is, for example, about 83% to 88% when the plate thickness is 1.6 mm to 2.0 mm. Further, clear glass is a glass with higher transparency than green glass, and the visible light transmittance is, for example, about 88% to 92% when the plate thickness is 1.8 mm to 2.0 mm.

A clear interlayer film is a highly transparent interlayer film. The visible light transmittance of the clear interlayer film is, for example, about 90% to 95% when the film thickness is 0.76 mm. For example, products with a film thickness of 0.76 mm and a visible light transmittance of 93.7% are commercially available from Sekisui Chemical Co. and Eastman.

Privacy glass is glass with lower transparency than green glass and clear glass, and is also called dark gray glass. Privacy glass can be realized by adjusting the total iron content converted to Fe ₂ O ₃ in the glass plates 11 and/or 12. The visible light transmittance of the privacy glass can be adjusted to, for example, about 40% to 50% when the plate thickness is 1.8 mm, and about 30% to 45% when the plate thickness is 2.0 mm.

To give an example of the composition of privacy glass, in mass % based on oxides, the glass matrix composition is SiO ₂ : 66% to 75%, Na ₂ O: 10% to 20%, CaO: 5% to 15%. , MgO: 0% to 6%, Al ₂ O ₃ : 0% to 5%, K ₂ O: 0% to 5%, FeO: 0.13% to _0.9 %, _total Contains iron: 0.8% or more and less than 2.4%, TiO ₂ : more than 1% and 5% or less, and contains 100 mass ppm to 500 mass ppm of CoO based on the total amount of the components of the glass mother composition. ppm, Se in an amount of 0 mass ppm to 70 mass ppm, and Cr ₂ O ₃ in an amount of 0 mass ppm to 800 mass ppm, and the total amount of CoO, Se and Cr ₂ O ₃ is less than 0.1 mass %.

Note that privacy glass is described in detail in, for example, International Publication No. 2015/088026, the contents of which can be incorporated into this specification as a reference.

A colored interlayer film is an interlayer film with lower transparency than a clear interlayer film. The colored interlayer film can be produced by coloring the materials exemplified in the explanation of [intermediate film]. Specifically, a colored interlayer film can be obtained by incorporating a coloring agent into a composition mainly containing a thermoplastic resin. The colored interlayer film may contain a plasticizer for adjusting the glass transition point.

The colorant is not particularly limited as long as it reduces visible light transmittance, and examples include dyes, inorganic pigments, and organic pigments. Among these, inorganic pigments or organic pigments are preferred because they are less likely to fade due to long-term use, and inorganic pigments are preferred because they have excellent light resistance.

Examples of organic pigments include black pigments such as aniline black, red pigments such as alizarin lake, and the like. Examples of inorganic pigments include carbon pigments and metal oxide pigments. For example, black pigments such as carbon black, ivory black, mars black, peach black, lamp black, magnetite type triiron tetroxide, brown pigments such as amber, Burton umber, Yellow Walker, Van Dyke brown, sienna, Burton sienna, red iron oxide, Red pigments such as molybdenum red and cadmium red, orange pigments such as red yellow lead and chrome vermilion, blue pigments such as ultramarine, navy blue, cobalt blue, and cerulean blue, and green pigments such as chromium oxide, pyridian, emerald green, and cobalt green. , yellow pigments such as yellow lead, cadmium yellow, yellow iron oxide, and titanium yellow, and purple pigments such as manganese violet and mineral violet. These colorants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The colored interlayer film further contains an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, a fluorescent agent, an adhesion regulator, a coupling agent, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, a dehydrating agent, an antifoaming agent, It may contain one or more types of various additives such as antistatic agents and flame retardants.

The colored interlayer film may be produced by forming a printed layer in a dark color on the surface of the uncolored first interlayer film 131 and/or second interlayer film 132 to form a colored interlayer film. As a method for forming the dark-colored printed layer, a conventional printing method using a colored material on a resin base material can be applied. Examples of the colored material include organic pigments and inorganic pigments similar to the above-mentioned colorants. Note that the printed layer in this case does not need to have durability at temperatures near the softening point of glass, unlike a ceramic shielding layer, so it is possible to use, for example, an organic pigment containing carbon black. The thickness of the printed layer can be adjusted as appropriate so that the visible light transmittance of the first intermediate film 131 is equal to or less than a desired value.

By using a colored interlayer film, the visible light transmittance of the first interlayer film 131 and/or the second interlayer film 132 can be significantly reduced. For example, it is also possible to set the visible light transmittance of the first intermediate film 131 and/or the second intermediate film 132 to 20% or less, 10% or less, or 5% or less. For example, products with a film thickness of 0.76 mm and a visible light transmittance of 1.33%, and products with a film thickness of 0.76 mm and a visible light transmittance of 8.96% are sold by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. and Eastman Co., Ltd. It is commercially available from. Further, a product with a film thickness of 0.76 mm and a visible light transmittance of 18.00% is commercially available from Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.

<Modification 1 of the first embodiment>
Modification 1 of the first embodiment shows an example in which the display section 20 is pasted on the vehicle-inside surface of a glass member. Note that in Modification 1 of the first embodiment, descriptions of components that are the same as those of the already described embodiments may be omitted.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to Modification 1 of the first embodiment. Referring to FIG. 9, the vehicle window glass 1A includes a glass member 10A, a display section 20, and an adhesive layer 30. The glass member 10A is a laminated glass including a glass plate 11, a glass plate 12, and an interlayer film 13. The display section 20 is attached via an adhesive layer 30 to the vehicle-inside surface of the glass plate 11 that constitutes the glass member 10A.

Examples of the material for the adhesive layer 30 include acrylic, acrylate, urethane, urethane acrylate, epoxy, epoxy acrylate, polyolefin, modified olefin, polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol, vinyl chloride, and chloroprene. Examples include rubber-based, cyanoacrylate-based, silicone-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, polystyrene-based, and polyvinyl butyral-based materials. The adhesive layer 30 can include at least one material selected from the group consisting of these materials. The thickness of the adhesive layer 30 is, for example, 0.2 μm or more and 2000 μm or less.

In the case of the vehicle window glass 1A, by satisfying the requirements such as the LED linear density obtained from Tables 4 to 7, the image displayed on the display unit 20 in the daytime outdoor environment can be seen by more than one in four people. is visible.

<Second embodiment>
In the second embodiment, an example is shown in which the display unit 20 is attached to the vehicle-inside surface of a single glass panel instead of a laminated glass panel. Note that in the second embodiment, descriptions of components that are the same as those in the already described embodiments may be omitted.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to the second embodiment. Referring to FIG. 10, the vehicle window glass 2 includes a glass member 40, a display section 20, and an adhesive layer 30. The display section 20 is attached to the vehicle-inside surface of the glass member 40 via an adhesive layer 30. The glass member 40 is a single glass plate. As the glass member 40, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned physically strengthened glass or chemically strengthened glass. The thickness of the glass member 40 is, for example, 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

In the case of the vehicle window glass 2, by satisfying the requirements such as the LED linear density obtained from Tables 4 to 7, the image displayed on the display unit 20 in the daytime outdoor environment can be seen by more than one in four people. is visible.

<Third embodiment>
In the third embodiment, an example is shown in which the display unit 20 is attached to the inner surface of double-glazed glass instead of laminated glass. Note that in the third embodiment, descriptions of components that are the same as those in the already described embodiments may be omitted.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to the third embodiment. Referring to FIG. 11, the vehicle window glass 3 includes a glass member 50, a display section 20, and an adhesive layer 30. The glass member 50 is double-glazed glass having a glass plate 51, a glass plate 52, a spacer 53, and a hollow layer 54.

The glass plate 51 is a glass plate on the inside of the vehicle that becomes the inside of the vehicle when the vehicle window glass 3 is attached to the vehicle. Further, the glass plate 52 is a glass plate located on the outside of the vehicle when the vehicle window glass 3 is attached to the vehicle. The glass plate 51 and the glass plate 52 are arranged facing each other with a predetermined interval provided by a spacer 53, and a hollow layer 54 is formed between the glass plate 51 and the glass plate 52. For example, an adhesive layer is formed between the spacer 53 and the glass plate 51 and between the spacer 53 and the glass plate 52. The display section 20 is attached to the surface of the glass plate 51 of the glass member 50 on the hollow layer 54 side via the adhesive layer 30 .

As the

glass plates

51 and 52, for example, those illustrated as the

glass plates

11 and 12 in the first embodiment can be used. Further, the vehicle window glass 3 is preferably a window glass that takes into consideration the protection of passengers and pedestrians, which is also called safety glass. When the

glass plates

51 and 52 are single plates, both

glass plates

51 and 52 are preferably made of tempered glass. However, the glass plates 51 and/or 52 are not limited to single plates, and may be laminated glass. When the glass plates 51 and/or 52 are laminated glass, the display section 20 may be enclosed in the laminated glass. In addition, when only one of the

glass plates

51 and 52 is laminated glass, the other glass plate is preferably tempered glass.

The spacer 53 can be formed from, for example, a resin material containing a moisture absorbent. Examples of the resin material include thermoplastic resin materials containing butyl rubber. Examples of the moisture absorbent include zeolite and silica gel. The hollow layer 54 may be in a vacuum, for example, or may contain air or a rare gas such as argon. Further, the hollow layer 54 may be provided with pillars that maintain the distance between the

glass plates

51 and 52 in a portion that does not overlap with the display section 20.

In the case of the vehicle window glass 3, by satisfying the requirements such as the LED linear density obtained from Tables 4 to 7, the image displayed on the display unit 20 in the daytime outdoor environment can be seen by more than one in four people, for example. is visible.

<Fourth embodiment>
In the fourth embodiment, an example in which a vehicle window glass further includes a film on the inside of the vehicle than the display portion, and an example of a vehicle window glass system are shown. Note that in the fourth embodiment, descriptions of components that are the same as those in the already described embodiments may be omitted.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vehicle window glass according to the fourth embodiment. Referring to FIG. 12, the vehicle window glass 4 includes a glass member 10B, a display section 20, and a film 60. The glass member 10B is a laminated glass including a glass plate 11, a glass plate 12, and an interlayer film 13. In the glass member 10B, the intermediate film 13 includes a first intermediate film 131, a second intermediate film 132, and a third intermediate film 133.

The display section 20 and the film 60 are enclosed in the intermediate film 13 of the glass member 10B. Specifically, the display section 20 is sandwiched between a first intermediate film 131 and a second intermediate film 132. Further, the film 60 is sandwiched between the first intermediate film 131 and the third intermediate film 133. In other words, the vehicle window glass 4 is different from the vehicle window glass 1 (see FIG. 2, etc.) in that the film 60 is disposed on the vehicle-inward surface of the first interlayer film 131 and is covered with the third interlayer film 133. It differs from

As in the vehicle window glass 4 shown in FIG. 12, a film 60 may be further included on the inside of the vehicle (on the second side) from the display section 20. The film 60 is, for example, a reflective transparent screen film or a light control film. When the film 60 is a light control film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), a suspended particle device (SPD), or the like can be used as a light control element in the light control film, for example.

Using the vehicle window glass 4 shown in FIG. 12, the vehicle window glass system 5 shown in FIG. 13 can be realized. The vehicle window glass system 5 includes a vehicle window glass 4 and a projection device 70 located closer to the inside of the vehicle (on the second side) than the vehicle window glass 4. The projection device 70 is, for example, a projector. In the vehicle window glass system 5, the light beam projected from the projection device 70 forms an image on the film 60, and is displayed so as to be visible from inside the vehicle.

When the film 60 in the vehicle window glass 4 is a light control film, the vehicle window glass system 6 shown in FIG. 14 can be realized. The vehicle window glass system 6 includes the vehicle window glass 4, a light amount sensor 80 that acquires background brightness, and a control unit 90 that controls the light amount sensor 80 and the film 60 that is a light control film. The light amount sensor 80 may be arranged near the vehicle window glass 4 or may be enclosed in the vehicle window glass 4.

The visible light transmittance of the light control element within the light control film is controlled by the control unit 90 based on the background brightness acquired by the light amount sensor 80. The vehicle window glass 4 is divided into a plurality of regions in a plan view, and the visible light transmittance of the light control element in the light control film is changed for each region to control the visible light transmittance of the vehicle window glass 4. Good too. The vehicle window glass system 6 may include a projection device 70 . By controlling the visible light transmittance of the light control element in the light control film based on the background brightness acquired by the light amount sensor 80, the image projected from the projection device 70 can be visually recognized even when the background brightness changes. The properties become better. In order to obtain better visibility, the contrast between the background brightness and the image displayed on the film 60 is set to 1.4 or more.

In the case of the vehicle window glass 4, the vehicle window glass system 5, and the vehicle window glass system 6, by satisfying the requirements such as LED linear density obtained from Tables 4 to 7, display can be achieved in the daytime outdoor environment. For example, more than one out of four people can view the image displayed on the section 20. Further, the light beam projected from the projection device 70 onto the film 60 can be visually recognized from inside the vehicle.

Although the preferred embodiments have been described in detail above, they are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and substitutions may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims. can be added.

This international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-069904 filed on April 21, 2022, and the entire content of Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-069904 is incorporated into this international application. .

1, 1A, 2, 3, 4

Vehicle window glass

5, 6 Vehicle

window glass system

10, 10A, 10B, 40, 50

Glass member

11, 12, 51, 52 Glass plate 13 Intermediate film 20 Display portion 30 Adhesive layer 53 Spacer 54 Hollow layer 60 Film 70 Projection device 80 Light amount sensor 90 Control section 210 Monitor 220 LED
131 First interlayer film 132 Second interlayer film 133 Third interlayer film 300 Subject

Claims

A vehicle window glass comprising: a vehicle window glass having a glass member; a display unit attached to the glass member; and a projection device located on a second side that is closer to the inside of the vehicle than the vehicle window glass. A system,
The display section has a display element,
The visible light transmittance of the vehicle window glass in the portion including the display portion is 5% or more and 90% or less,
The linear density of the display element is greater than 0.057 pieces/mm,
A vehicle window glass system having a contrast of 1.4 or more.
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 1, wherein the display unit has an average luminance L LED [cd/m 2 ] of 3000 or more.
The vehicle window according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the visible light transmittance of a component of the vehicle window glass located on a second side that is inside the vehicle from the display section is 30% or less. glass system.
3. The visible light transmittance of the component located on the first side of the vehicle outer side of the display part of the vehicle window glass is more than 30% and not more than 90%, according to claim 1 or 2. Vehicle window glass system.
Of the vehicle window glass, the visible light transmittance of the component located on the first side outside the vehicle from the display section is the same as the visible light transmittance of the component located on the second side inside the vehicle from the display section. 3. A vehicle glazing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the visible light transmittance of the element is greater than the visible light transmittance of the element.
The glass members include a glass plate located on a first side that is the outside of the vehicle, a glass plate that is located on a second side that is the inside of the vehicle, and a glass plate that is located on the first side that is the outside of the vehicle. A laminated glass comprising: an interlayer film bonding the glass plate located on the second side, which is the inside of the vehicle;
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the display section is enclosed in the interlayer film.
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the display section is attached to a predetermined surface of the glass member via an adhesive layer.
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 7, wherein the glass member is a single glass, a laminated glass, or a double glass.
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a reflective transparent screen film on a second side that is closer to the inside of the vehicle than the display section.
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a light control film on a second side that is closer to the inside of the vehicle than the display section.
It further includes a light amount sensor that acquires background brightness,
The vehicle window glass system according to claim 10, wherein the visible light transmittance of the light control element in the light control film is controlled based on the background brightness acquired by the light amount sensor.
The glass plate located on the first side and the glass plate located on the second side are glasses selected from the group consisting of soda lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and quartz glass. The vehicle window glass system according to claim 6, comprising:
The intermediate film is made of plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin, plasticized polyvinyl chloride resin, saturated polyester resin, plasticized saturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, plasticized polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. 7. The vehicle window glass system according to claim 6, comprising at least one resin selected from the group consisting of , ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resin, cycloolefin polymer resin, and ionomer resin.
The adhesive layer may be acrylic, acrylate, urethane, urethane acrylate, epoxy, epoxy acrylate, polyolefin, modified olefin, polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol, vinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, or cyanoacrylate. 8. The vehicle window glass system according to claim 7, comprising at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyamide-based, silicone-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, polystyrene-based, and polyvinyl butyral-based.