JP7248759B2 - MHCII拘束性CD4+FOXP3+制御性T細胞のex vivo生成及びその治療的使用 - Google Patents
MHCII拘束性CD4+FOXP3+制御性T細胞のex vivo生成及びその治療的使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、MHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞を生成及びエクスパンションするためのex vivo方法並びにその治療的使用に関する。
ガン細胞特異的制御性T細胞サブセットに対する抗イディオタイプガンワクチンのための免疫原としての、又は自己免疫疾患及び同種免疫疾患の処置のための養子療法における制御性T細胞の使用は、多くの課題に関連する。
本発明は、以下の表現型:CD3+CD4+Foxp3+を有するMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞をex vivoで生成するための方法であって、
-TCRαβ細胞アクチベーター並びに以下の作用物質:i)cAMP(環状アデノシン一リン酸)アクチベーター、ii)TGFβ(トランスフォーミング成長因子β)経路アクチベーター、iii)mTORインヒビター、並びに場合によりiv)IL-2、IL-7、IL-15及びTSLPの群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカインの存在下で、CD3+CD4+CD25-T細胞を少なくとも5日間培養することを含む方法に関する。
本明細書で使用される場合、「制御性T細胞」又は「Treg」は、細胞間接触によって、又はMLR抑制(混合リンパ球反応)によって抑制活性(すなわち、通常T細胞の増殖の阻害)が可能な細胞を指す。これらの細胞は、限定されないが、末梢制御性T細胞、γδ制御性T細胞及び不変制御性T細胞を含む異なるサブ集団を含む。
本発明は、MHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞をex vivoで生成するための方法に関する。
-TCRαβアクチベーター並びに以下の作用物質:i)cAMP(環状アデノシン一リン酸)アクチベーター、ii)TGFβ(トランスフォーミング成長因子β)経路アクチベーター、iii)mTORインヒビター、並びに場合によりiv)IL-2、IL-7、IL-15及びTSLP(胸腺間質性リンパ球新生因子)の群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカインの存在下で、CD3+CD4+CD25-T細胞、好ましくはCD3+CD4+CD25-CD45RA+T細胞を少なくとも5日間培養すること、
-それにより、好ましくはナイーブ(CD45RA+)T細胞から、ex vivoで生成されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞の集団を取得すること
を含む。
-自己ΔCD3フィーダー細胞及びコーティング抗CD3抗体の存在下で、並びに以下の作用物質:i)PGE2、ii)TGFβ、iii)ラパマイシン、並びに場合によりiv)IL-2及びIL-15の群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカインの存在下で、CD3+CD4+CD25-T細胞を少なくとも5日間培養すること、
-それにより、ex vivoで生成されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞の集団を取得すること
を含む。
-少なくとも1つの自己ペプチド抗原で約24時間パルスされた寛容原性DCの存在下で、並びにΔCD3フィーダー細胞の存在下で、並びに以下の作用物質:i)PGE2、ii)TGFβ、iii)ラパマイシン、並びに場合によりiv)IL-2及びIL-15の群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカインの存在下で、CD3+CD4+CD25-T細胞を少なくとも5日間培養すること、
-それにより、MHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞の集団を取得すること
を含む。
-上記のようにMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞を生成すること、
-TCRαβ細胞アクチベーター(好ましくは、自己ΔCD3フィーダー細胞及びコーティング抗CD3抗体、又はΔCD3フィーダー細胞の存在下、少なくとも1つの自己ペプチド抗原で約24時間パルスされた寛容原性DCのいずれか)並びに以下の作用物質:i)cAMP(環状アデノシン一リン酸)アクチベーター(好ましくは、PGE2)、ii)TGFβ(トランスフォーミング成長因子β)経路アクチベーター(好ましくは、TGFβ)、iii)mTORインヒビター(好ましくは、ラパマイシン)、並びに場合によりiv)IL-2、IL-7、IL-15及びTSLPの群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカイン(好ましくは、IL-2及び/又はIL-15)の存在下で、生成されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞を少なくとも5日間接触させることによってそれらをエクスパンションすること、
-それにより、MHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞のエクスパンション集団を取得すること
を含むex vivo方法に関する。
-処置すべき被験体由来の生物学的サンプル、好ましくは血液サンプルと、場合により、処置すべき被験体由来の腫瘍サンプルとを提供すること、
-該生物学的サンプルから単離されたCD3+CD4+CD25-T細胞、好ましくはCD3+CD4+CD25-CD45RA+T細胞から、上記のようにMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞をex vivoで生成及びエクスパンションすること、
-前工程で取得されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞を不活性化すること、
-それにより、本発明の免疫原性産物を取得すること
を含む方法である。
-上記免疫原性産物を調製すること、
-場合により、該免疫原性産物を含む医薬組成物又はワクチン組成物を調製すること、
-場合により、該被験体をプラスマフェレーシスに供すること、
-本発明の免疫原性産物、医薬組成物又はワクチン組成物を該被験体に投与すること
を含む方法である。
ヒト血液サンプル.健常個体由来の血液サンプルは、Etablissement Francais du Sang (EFS, Paris)に由来するものであった。標準的な手順を使用して、血球細胞を収集する。
Ficoll-Hypaque (Pharmacia)による密度勾配遠心分離によって、末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を単離する。PBMCを新鮮細胞として使用するか、又は液体窒素で凍結保存する。新鮮又は凍結PBMCのいずれかから、T細胞サブセット及びT細胞枯渇アクセサリー細胞(ΔCD3細胞)を単離する。抗CD3コーティングDynabeads (Dynal Biotech)とのインキュベーションによるPBMCからの陰性選択によって、T細胞枯渇アクセサリー細胞(ΔCD3細胞)を単離し、3000radで照射する(ΔCD3フィーダーと称される)。
機能的にコミットされたポリクローナルFOXP3発現CD3+TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性T細胞のex vivo生成:0日目に、T細胞を48ウェルプレートに細胞 2,5×105個/ウェルで播種し、ΔCD3フィーダー(1M)の存在下、プレート結合抗CD3 mAb(4μg/ml)で刺激する。PGE2 1μM、TGFβ 5ng/ml、Rapa 10nMを含むIMDM-5培地(5%SVF、100IU/ml ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、1mM ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1mM 非必須アミノ酸、glutamax及び10mM HEPESを補充したIMDM)中で、細胞を培養する。2日目に、IL-2(100IU/ml)を培養物に追加する。3日ごとに、上清容量の半分を廃棄し、IL-2(100UI/ml)を含む新鮮IMDM-5と交換する。11日目に、プレート結合抗CD3 Ab(4μg/ml)で再刺激することによって、これらのCD4+T細胞株をさらにエクスパンションした。ΔCD3フィーダー、PGE2 1μM、TGFβ 5ng/ml、Rapa 10nM及びIL-2(100UI/ml)の存在下で、再刺激を実施した。次いで、3日ごとに、上清容量の半分を廃棄し、IL-2(100UI/ml)を含む新鮮IMDM-5と交換する。20日目に、フローサイトメトリーによって、エクスパンションCD4+T細胞の表現型を評価した。CD45RO+になった刺激ナイーブ通常T細胞の75%は、FOXP3+を発現する。
機能的にコミットされた抗原(オボアルブミン)特異的Foxp3発現CD3+TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性T細胞のex vivo生成:
a)CD14+単球からのオボアルブミンロード寛容原性DC(寛容原性単球由来DC(Tol-Mo-DC)と称される)のin vitro生成:未成熟DCの生成のために、100ng/mlリコンビナントヒト顆粒球-マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM-CSF)及び10ng/ml ヒトリコンビナントIL-4を補充した、1ウェル当たりAIMV 0,5mlを含有する48ウェル平底プレート中で、単球を培養する。3日目に、サイトカインを含有する培地 500μlを追加した。6日目に、Tol-Mo-DCを、1)ウェルから取り出し、IMDM-5(5%SVF、100IU/ml ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、1mM ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1mM 非必須アミノ酸、glutamax及び10mM HEPESを補充したIMDM)で2回洗浄し、2)IMDM-5中、48ウェルプレートのウェルに3×105個/mlの濃度で追加し、3)特異的Ag(OVA)を含むIMDM-5でパルスする。
a)CD14+単球からの腫瘍ロード寛容原性DC(寛容原性単球由来DC(tDC)と称される)のin vitro生成:100ng/mlリコンビナントヒト顆粒球-マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM-CSF)及び10ng/ml ヒトリコンビナントIL-4を補充した、1ウェル当たりAIMV 0.5mlを含有する48ウェル平底プレート中で、単球を培養する。3日目に、サイトカインを含有する培地 500μlを追加する。5日目に、GM-CSF(100ng/mL)、IL-4(10ng/mL)を含むAIMV中で、tDCの一部をアポトーシスMCF-7細胞と共に1:2のDC/腫瘍細胞比で24時間共培養する。90%FBS-10%DMSO中で、tDCの別の一部を2×106個/バイアルで凍結する。
a)CD14+単球からの腫瘍ロード寛容原性DC(寛容原性単球由来DC(tDC)と称される)のin vitro生成:CD1dを発現する未成熟DCの生成のために、100ng/mlリコンビナントヒト顆粒球-マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM-CSF)及び10ng/ml ヒトリコンビナントIL-4及びAM580(100nM)を補充した、1ウェル当たりAIMV 0.5mlを含有する48ウェル平底プレート中で、単球を培養する。3日目に、サイトカインを含有する培地 500μlを追加する。5日目に、GM-CSF(100ng/mL)、IL-4(10ng/mL)を含むAIMV中で、tDCの一部をアポトーシスMCF-7細胞と共に1:2のDC/腫瘍細胞比で24時間共培養する。90%FBS-10%DMSO中で、tDCの別の一部を2×106個/バイアルで凍結する。
a)CD14+単球からの寛容原性DC(寛容原性単球由来DC(Tol-Mo-DC)と称される)のin vitro生成:未成熟DCの生成のために、100ng/mlリコンビナントヒト顆粒球-マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM-CSF)及び10ng/ml ヒトリコンビナントIL-4を補充した、1ウェル当たりAIMV 0.5mlを含有する48ウェル平底プレート中で、単球を培養する。3日目に、サイトカインを含有する培地 500μlを追加した。6日目に、生成Tol-Mo-DCをウェルから取り出し、IMDM-5(5%SVF、100IU/ml ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、1mM ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1mM 非必須アミノ酸、glutamax及び10mM HEPESを補充したIMDM)で2回洗浄し、凍結するか、又は機能的にコミットされたホスホ抗原特異的FOXP3発現CD3+TCRγδ+非拘束性T細胞の生成及びエクスパンションに使用する。
a)CD14+単球からの腫瘍ロード寛容原性DC(寛容原性単球由来DC(tDC)と称される)のin vitro生成:100ng/mlリコンビナントヒト顆粒球-マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM-CSF)及び10ng/ml ヒトリコンビナントIL-4を補充した、1ウェル当たりAIMV 0.5mlを含有する48ウェル平底プレート中で、単球を培養する。3日目に、サイトカインを含有する培地 500μlを追加する。5日目に、GM-CSF(100ng/mL)、IL-4(10ng/mL)を含むAIMV中で、tDCの一部をアポトーシスMCF-7細胞と共に1:2のDC/腫瘍細胞比で24時間共培養する。90%FBS-10%DMSO中で、tDCの別の一部を2×106個/バイアルで凍結する。
ΔCD3フィーダー(1M)及びIL-2(100UI/ml)及びラパマイシン(100nM)の存在下、プレート結合抗CD3 mAb(4μg/ml)、可溶性抗CD28 Ab(4μg/ml)でCD4+CD127-/loCD25high(Treg)を刺激する。IMDM-5培地中で、細胞を培養する。
ΔCD3フィーダー(1M)、TGFβ(5ng/ml)及びラパマイシン(100nM)の存在下、プレート結合抗CD3 mAb(4μg/ml)、可溶性抗CD28 Ab(4μg/ml)でCD4+CD127+CD25neg/dim[通常ヘルパーCD4 T細胞(Tconv)]を刺激する。IMDM-5培地中で、細胞を培養する。2日目に、IL-2(100IU/ml)を培養物に追加する。3日ごとに、上清容量の半分を廃棄し、IL-2(100UI/ml)を含む新鮮IMDM-5と交換する。11日目に、プレート結合抗CD3 Ab(4μg/ml)及び抗CD28 Abで再刺激することによって、これらのCD4+T細胞株をさらにエクスパンションした。ΔCD3フィーダー、TGFβ 5ng/ml、Rapa 10nM及びIL-2(100UI/ml)の存在下で、再刺激を実施した。次いで、3日ごとに、上清容量の半分を廃棄し、IL-2(100UI/ml)を含む新鮮IMDM-5と交換する。
オボアルブミンパルスtDCを、1)IMDM-5で2回洗浄し、2)照射自己フィーダー 2×105個、PGE2 1μM及びRapa 10nMの存在下、IMDM-5中、3×105個/mlの濃度で48ウェルプレートのウェルに追加する。可溶性抗CD28 Ab(1μg/ml-クローンCD28.2)及びCD40-Ab(1μg/ml-クローンG28.5)の存在下で、精製ナイーブ通常CD4+T細胞(事前に凍結したPBMCからFACSによって単離)をパルスtDCに追加する。16時間の刺激後、細胞をPBS(0.5%BSA)で洗浄し、抗CD154(クローン5C8)-PE及び抗CD4(SK3)-PerCP-eFluor 710で10分間染色する。染色細胞をPEコンジュゲートマイクロビーズ(Miltenyi Biotec)と共にインキュベーションし、MACSカラム(Miltenyi Biotec)を使用することによって濃縮する。次いで、単離したCD154+T細胞を再刺激し、上記のものと同じ最適条件下でエクスパンションする。
未成熟DCを単独で、又はアポトーシス細胞(3つのアポトーシス細胞:1つのiDC)と共に16時間培養した。次いで、抗CD3コーティングマイクロビーズ(Miltenyi Biotec)を使用してアポトーシスT細胞の免疫磁気枯渇によって、DCを精製し、合成RNA 20μgをエレクトロポレーションし又はエレクトロポレーションせず、20ng/ml GM-CSF、20ng/ml ヒトリコンビナントIL-4及び成熟カクテル(TNF-α 20ng/ml及びPGE2 1μM)を補充したRPMI-5中で24時間インキュベーションした。
ELISAによって、培養上清中のIL-17の存在を測定する。当技術分野で公知の従来の方法、例えばサンドイッチELISA抗IL-17によって、抗IL-17抗体によるIL-17の認識を行い得る。ELISAは、当技術分野で公知の任意の比色手段によって、例えば、ビオチンで標識された検出抗体、ポリストレプトアビジンHRP増幅システム及びo-フェニレンジアミン二塩酸塩基質溶液を使用して発色される。
-捕捉抗体、例えば抗IL17抗体でプレートをコーティングする、
-ブロッキングバッファー(例えば、PBS中2%カゼイン)でプレートを37℃で90分間ブロッキングする、
-プレートを希釈系列のIL-17標準、サンプル又はネガティブコントロールと共に37℃で90分間インキュベーションする、
-プレートを検出抗体、例えばビオチン化抗IL-17抗体などと共に37℃で90分間インキュベーションする、
-プレートをストレプトアビジン-HRPと共に37℃で30分間インキュベーションし、o-フェニレンジアミン二塩酸塩(OPD)基質溶液を用いて複合体を30分間発色させる。酵素反応を停止した後、分光光度法によって、得られた色の強度を490nmで決定する。
mAb標識.以下のコンジュゲートmAbを使用する。
T細胞増殖.酸素正常状態において、5%FBS、100IU/ml ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、1mM ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1mM 非必須アミノ酸、glutamax及び10mM HEPESを補充したRPMI(RPMI-5培地)中で、CFSE希釈アッセイによって、T細胞増殖を評価する。共培養完了時に、刺激CFSE標識Tconvを回収し、抗CD3 mAb及び7-AADで共染色し、フローサイトメトリーによって、ゲーティングCD3+7-AAD-細胞における生増殖細胞(CFSE low画分として定義される)のパーセンテージを決定する。
(100×[(Tconv CFSE low細胞のパーセンテージ-nTregとの共培養におけるTconv CFSE lowのパーセンテージ)/Tconv CSFE low細胞のパーセンテージ
のように計算した抑制のパーセンテージとして、結果を表す。
(100×[(Tconv CFSE low細胞のパーセンテージ-nTregとの共培養におけるTconv CFSE lowのパーセンテージ)/Tconv CSFE low細胞のパーセンテージ
のように計算した抑制のパーセンテージとして、結果を表す。
細胞溶解活性(%)[死ターゲット細胞(%)-自然死(%)]×100/[100-自然死(%)]
を使用して、細胞溶解活性のパーセンテージを計算した。
a)ポリクローナル後のナイーブCD3+CD4+TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性TにおいてFoxp3発現を誘導するための最適条件.
ヒトPBMCから単離したナイーブ通常CD4+T細胞(CD3+CD4+CD127+CD45RA+CD25-TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性)から出発して、抑制機能を有するFoxp3+細胞の分化を誘導する能力について、異なるnTreg極性培地を評価した。
抗原特異的Tregの抑制能力はポリクローナルTregのものよりもはるかに高いことが研究によって示唆されたので、本発明者らは、刺激培養条件にかかわらず、制御活性のみを発揮するようにコミットされた抗原特異的Foxp3発現CD3+CD4+TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性T細胞をex vivoで生成及びエクスパンションするための方法を設定する。
本発明者らは、腫瘍抗原特異的FOXP3発現TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性T細胞(腫瘍細胞免疫回避を促す病原性CD4+T細胞)を溶解するように機能的にコミットされた自己CD8+T細胞株を生成するための実験手順を開発した。
ルミナルA及びBサブタイプは両方とも、エストロゲンレセプター陽性(ER+)及び低悪性度であり、ルミナルA腫瘍は非常に緩徐に成長し、ルミナルB腫瘍はより急速に成長する。ルミナルA腫瘍は、最良の予後を有する。ルミナルB腫瘍は、臨床転帰不良に関連する。本発明者らは、フローサイトメトリーによって、両ルミナルサブタイプ乳ガンから単離したTILにおけるリンパ球の表現型を検査したところ、CD3+CD4+TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性T細胞におけるFoxp3発現の存在を見出した。ルミナルA乳房腫瘍から抽出したTILでは、Foxp3は検出されなかった。また、CD3+CD4+TCRαβ+MHCII拘束性T細胞におけるFoxp3の高発現率と乳ガンの臨床転帰不良との間には、正の相関が観察される(図14)。
Claims (11)
- 以下の表現型:CD3+CD4+Foxp3+を有するMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞集団をex vivoで生成するための方法であって、
抗CD3抗体、抗TCRαβ抗体、又は少なくとも1つの自己ペプチド抗原でパルスされている寛容原性樹状細胞(DC);並びに
以下の作用物質:
i) cAMP(環状アデノシン一リン酸)アクチベーター、
ii) TGFβ(トランスフォーミング成長因子β)経路アクチベーター、
iii)mTORインヒビター、及び
iv) IL-2、IL-7、IL-15及びTSLPの群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカイン
の存在下で、CD3+CD4+CD25-T細胞を少なくとも5日間培養することを含む
方法。 - cAMPアクチベーターが、プロスタグランジンE2(PGE2)、EP2又はEP4アゴニスト、あるいは膜アデニンシクラーゼアクチベーターを含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- TGFβ経路アクチベーターが、TGFβ、骨形成タンパク質(BMP)、成長分化因子(GDF)、抗ミュラー管ホルモン(AMH)、アクチビン及びノーダルを含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- mTORインヒビターが、ラパマイシン、ラパマイシン類似体、ワートマニン;テオフィリン;カフェイン;没食子酸エピガロカテキン(EGCG)、クルクミン、レスベラトロル;ゲニステイン、3,3-ジインドリルメタン(DIM)、LY294002(2-(4-モルホリニル)-8-フェニル-4H-1-ベンゾピラン-4-オン)、PP242、PP30、Torin1、Ku-0063794、WAY-600、WYE-687、WYE-354、GNE477、NVP-BEZ235、PI-103、XL765及びWJD008を含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 抗CD3抗体、抗TCRαβ抗体、又は少なくとも1つの自己ペプチド抗原でパルスされている寛容原性樹状細胞(DC)
並びに
以下の作用物質:i)cAMP(環状アデノシン一リン酸)アクチベーター、ii)TGFβ(トランスフォーミング成長因子β)経路アクチベーター、iii)mTORインヒビター、及びiv)IL-2、IL-7、IL-15及びTSLPの群において選択される少なくとも1つのサイトカインの存在下で、請求項1~4に記載の生成方法によって取得されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞集団を少なくとも5日間培養するエクスパンション工程をさらに含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法で作成されたex vivo生成MHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞集団であって、以下の表現型:CD3+CD4+Foxp3+を有する、制御性T細胞集団。
- 以下の表現型:CD3+CD4+Foxp3+IL-1R1-を有する、請求項6に記載のex vivo生成MHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞集団。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法で作成されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞集団と、
少なくとも薬学的に許容し得る賦形剤とを含む、医薬組成物。 - 細胞療法において使用するための、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 炎症性疾患若しくは自己免疫疾患の処置において使用するための、又は移植拒絶若しくは移植片対宿主病(GVHD)を予防するための、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 炎症性疾患若しくは自己免疫疾患の処置において使用するための、又は移植拒絶若しくは移植片対宿主病(GVHD)を予防するための、医薬の製造における、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法により生成されたMHCII拘束性CD4+Foxp3+制御性T細胞集団の使用。
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