JP7240098B2 - Feed raw materials and feed - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to feed ingredients and feed.

Food manufacturing by-products (hereinafter referred to as by-products) generated in food manufacturing are processed and effectively used as feed.
However, some by-products are difficult to handle as feed. For example, soda oil residue, which is a by-product of the deacidification process in the fats and oils refining process, contains water and oil and is in the form of a highly viscous paste, and is therefore very difficult to handle. Attempts have been made to improve the physical properties of such soda oil cake in order to use it as a raw material for livestock or poultry feed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a neutralization step of obtaining a vegetable oil-neutralized soda soapstock by neutralizing the vegetable oil soapstock, which is a by-product of a vegetable oil refining process, with an acid as a raw material; A feed material (mixed soda) having an appropriate viscosity is obtained by performing a drying process of drying the vegetable oil-neutralized soda soap and a mixing process of mixing the undried vegetable oil-neutralized soda soap and the dried vegetable oil-neutralized soda soap. It has been proposed to produce a soapstock.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-67672

By the way, since powdery feed raw materials and feed are often stored in feed tanks, silos, etc., there is little adhesion to storage places such as such tanks, clogging during discharge, etc., and fluidity is low. Good and easy handling is desired.
However, there are many by-products that have low fluidity and are difficult to handle when used as feed ingredients or converted into feed. For this reason, it has been desired to develop a technique for obtaining a feed material that has good fluidity and is easy to handle from by-products generated in food production that are difficult to handle, using as simple a means as possible.

The inventors focused on the relationship between flow function and powder fluidity. The flow function is defined by Jenike by obtaining the uniaxial collapse stress fc and the maximum principal stress σi from the Mohr circle, and defining the value of σi/fc as the flow function. In the research that evaluated the relationship between this flow function and powder fluidity (Reference 1: "Introduction to Powder Trouble Engineering" by Sou Sakashita, 1998, p70-73), Jenike's flow function (hereinafter also referred to as FF) and powder fluidity are shown in Table 3.25 of Reference 1 (see Table 1 below). It is said that it adheres strongly to the surface and is difficult to flow out.

The inventors of the present invention have investigated by-products generated in food production that are difficult to use as feed ingredients due to their low fluidity, and have selected soda oil cake and/or filter residue. As described above, soda soapstock is sometimes used as a raw material for feed, but it is generally a highly viscous paste containing a large amount of water and oil, and is a by-product that is very difficult to handle. As used herein, pasty soda soap has no measurable flow function, but is highly adherent, as are by-products with a flow function of less than 2.0, such as the filter residue used in this embodiment. It is a property that is easy to wash out and difficult to flow out. In addition, the filtration residue is a sponge-like or cake-like residue such as waste diatomaceous earth and waste white clay generated in the filtration process of food production, and when it is simply pulverized into powder, the flow function is less than 2.0, that is, the fluidity is low. It is a low and difficult to handle by-product.

In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to provide a feed material with good fluidity by a simple means, even though by-products with low fluidity are used as ingredients.

As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors found that by mixing and drying the soda soap and/or filtration residue with the cereal hulls, even if the soda soap and/or filtration residue is used, Regardless, the inventors have found that a feed material with good fluidity can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
The present invention provides a feedstuff containing soda soapstock and/or filter residue and grain hulls.
The present invention provides a feed containing the above feed ingredients.
The present invention provides a method for producing a feed material comprising mixing soda soap and/or filter residue with cereal hulls and drying.
The filtration residue may be waste diatomaceous earth and/or waste clay.
The cereal hulls may be bran and/or bean hulls.
The cereal husk may be 20% by mass or more.
The feed ingredients may have a flow function of 2 or higher.
The present invention also provides an agent for improving the fluidity of feed ingredients containing soda soap and/or filtration residue with a flow function of less than 2, which contains cereal hulls as an active ingredient.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, although the by-product with low fluidity is used as a material, it is possible to provide a feed material with good fluidity by a simple means.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated. The embodiment described below is an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed narrowly.

[Feed raw materials]
The feed material according to the present embodiment contains soda soap and/or filtration residue and cereal hulls.

The soda oil residue is a residue produced in the deacidification process when producing fats and oils. Specifically, it is a substance removed in the step of removing free fatty acids contained in the oil in the deacidification step. Vegetable oils and fats are preferable as the oils and fats, and the vegetable oils and fats are not particularly limited. , palm oil and the like, and mixed oils thereof.
The content of the soda oil cake is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 35% by mass or less, and still more preferably 30% by mass or less in terms of dry matter in the total amount of feed ingredients. be. In terms of nutritional value, the content is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, and even more preferably 10% by mass or more.

The filtration residue is a residue generated in the filtration process in food production, and is a filtration residue that can be fed to animals such as livestock, poultry, and fish. The filtration residue contains a filtering agent and/or a filter aid and components adsorbed or adhered thereto. The filtering agent and/or filtering aid can be selected depending on the purpose, and for example, diatomaceous earth, activated clay, or the like can be selected. It is preferable to use a filter residue of less than FF2.0 as a material, and it is preferable to use a filter residue of FF1.0 or more because it is easy to improve the FF of the feed material.
The content of the filtration residue is not particularly limited, but is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, and still more preferably 50% by mass or less in terms of dry matter in the total amount of feed ingredients. , more preferably 30% by mass or less. Also, it is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass, and still more preferably 10% by mass or more.
Examples of the filtration residue include waste diatomaceous earth and waste clay. Among these, waste diatomaceous earth and/or waste white clay are preferred, and waste diatomaceous earth is more preferred.

As the waste diatomaceous earth, waste diatomaceous earth used as a filter aid in food production processes can be used. As the diatomaceous earth used for filtration, those generally available as diatomaceous earth filter aids may be used. Examples of the waste diatomaceous earth include those used in the refining process for producing saccharified products such as glucose.

As the waste clay, waste residues of activated clay used for removing pigments such as carotenoids and chlorophylls in food manufacturing processes can be used. Commercially available activated clay may be used for filtration. Examples thereof include waste white clay generated after use in oil refining processes. Vegetable oils and fats are preferable as the oils and fats, and the vegetable oils and fats are not particularly limited. Palm oil and the like, and mixed oils thereof, and the like.

In addition, in the present embodiment, two kinds of combinations such as soda soapstock and waste diatomaceous earth; soda soapstock and waste clay; waste diatomaceous earth and waste clay; can be combined. A combination of the three is also possible. Of the soda soapstock and/or the filtration residue, using at least the soda oil soapstock, which is a high energy source but difficult to handle, as a material improves the growth of livestock, poultry, fish, etc. and effectively utilizes resources. is preferable, and it is more preferable to contain a filtration residue.

The cereal hulls are obtained when the husks are separated during the processing of cereals. In particular, for soda soap, which is pasty and highly viscous and difficult to handle, the simple means of mixing and drying the cereal hulls improves the fluidity and provides an easy-to-handle feed material, which is an unexpected effect. , the cereal hull exhibits.
Thus, the cereal husks in the present embodiment are used for the purpose of improving the fluidity of feed ingredients containing by-products with low fluidity (specifically, soda soap and/or filtration residue with FF less than 2.0). and can be made into a composition or agent containing this as an active ingredient.
In addition, the cereal hulls of the present embodiment are particularly suitable because they can be combined with soda soapstock to obtain a high-calorie and high-fiber feed material.

The cereal husk is not particularly limited as long as it can be fed to animals such as livestock, poultry, and fish. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item. Examples include bran (e.g., wheat bran, barley bran, oat bran, rye bran, etc.), corn seed coats, bean hulls (e.g., soybean hulls, red bean hulls, etc.), etc., and one or more of these may be used. be able to. Among these, bran (preferably wheat bran) and/or soybean hull (preferably soybean hull) are preferred, and bran is more preferred.

The particle size of the grain husk is not particularly limited, but the cereal husk has a low passing rate through a sieve with an opening of 0.6 mm and many do not pass. Since it is easy to improve, it is suitable. In addition, it is also possible to classify the cereal husks with a 0.6 mm sieve, and appropriately blend those that have passed through the 0.6 mm sieve and those that have not passed through the 0.6 mm sieve.
The content of the grain husk passed through a sieve with an opening of 0.6 mm is preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 55% by mass or less, and even more preferably 50% by mass or less.

By adjusting the content of the cereal hulls, it is possible to obtain a feed material with good fluidity even when soda soap and/or filtration residue with FF less than 2.0 is used as a material, which is preferable. is.
The content of the cereal hulls is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and still more preferably 50% by mass or more in terms of dry matter in the total amount of feed ingredients. In addition, the content of the cereal hulls can be added as the balance in the total amount of feed ingredients within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the blending (parts by mass) ratio of the soda soap and/or filtration residue and the grain hulls is, in terms of dry matter, 100 parts by mass of the soda soap and/or filtration residue to the grain husks. is preferably 20 to 10,000 parts by mass, more preferably 40 to 1,000 parts by mass, and still more preferably 80 to 900 parts by mass.
In addition, the FF of the obtained feed material is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 2.3 or more, still more preferably 2.5 or more, still more preferably 3.0 or more, and still more preferably 4.0 or more. is desirable.

[Manufacturing method of raw material for feed]
The method for producing a feed material according to the present embodiment includes a step of mixing the soda soap and/or filtration residue with the grain hulls and drying the mixture. The feed material of this embodiment can be obtained by such a simple means.
In the production, any material generally used for feed may be appropriately added within a range that does not impair the effects of the present embodiment.

For the mixing, known means may be used, for example, a single-screw or twin-screw mixer, a cutting mixer such as a ball cutter or a silent cutter, a pulverizing mixer, or the like. All of the materials may be mixed at the same time, or may be mixed in multiple batches, such as premixing some of the materials and then mixing the remaining materials. Each material can be appropriately adjusted in viscosity before mixing, and can be subjected to pretreatment such as pulverization and crushing. Can be mixed. Specifically, the soda soap residue can be mixed as a paste, and the filtration residue can be mixed as a sponge or cake. In addition, crushing may be performed after mixing as necessary, or mixing and crushing may be performed at the same time.

The drying is preferably performed after mixing, but drying may be performed during mixing. The drying may be carried out by a known method such as natural drying, ventilation drying, heat drying, reduced pressure drying, freeze drying, and the like. It is preferable to dry to a moisture content of about 1 to 15%, more preferably to a moisture content of about 10% (9 to 11%). If the water content is too low, it tends to dust, resulting in poor workability.
The moisture content of feed ingredients in this specification is based on the ``5th Revised Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan Analysis Manual'' I-1. Atmospheric pressure heat drying method, I-1-1. It can be measured according to the direct method.

[feed]
For the feed according to the present embodiment, any material generally used for feed can be used as a feed material other than the feed material of the present embodiment. For example, cereals such as corn, milo, brown rice, barley, wheat, and rye; brans such as bran and bran; vegetable oil cakes such as soybean oil cake and rapeseed oil cake; animal feeds such as fish meal and meat and bone meal; oligosaccharides; Various vitamins such as vitamin B1 and vitamin E; minerals such as salt, silicic acid, calcium carbonate and tribasic calcium phosphate; amino acids; organic acids and the like can be blended.

The feed material or feed of the present embodiment can be used for livestock farming (poultry and livestock) and fish farming, and can be suitably used for livestock farming of chickens, pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, and the like. It can also be used as a pet food for pets.

The present invention will be described in more detail below based on examples. It should be noted that the examples described below are examples of representative examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

<Method for measuring flow function (FF)>
The flow function (FF) is a value measured using a powder fluidity analyzer with the measurement mode and pressure set as follows. The waste diatomaceous earth and the waste white clay were measured after pulverized into powder by a mill.
・Measuring equipment: Powder rheometer FT4 (Freeman Technology)
・Measurement mode: Shear Cell
・Pressure: 15kPa
<Method for measuring moisture content>
Each was measured by the following methods.
・Bran, soybean skin, waste diatomaceous earth: “5th Revised Japanese Standard Table of Food Composition Analysis Manual” I-1. Atmospheric pressure heat drying method, I-1-1. Direct method, soda oil slag, waste white clay: ``Analysis Manual, Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan, Revised 5'' I-1. Atmospheric pressure heat drying method, I-1-2. Drying aid addition method

Wheat bran was used as the bran. Wheat bran was classified with a sieve having an opening of 0.6 mm, and the classified materials were appropriately mixed to obtain bran A to C.
The soybean hulls were obtained by pulverizing soybean hulls with a mill, classifying them with a sieve having an opening of 0.6 mm, and appropriately mixing the classified materials.
Table 2 shows the 0.6 mm sieve passing rate and non-passing rate of the cereal hulls used. The smaller the sieve passage rate, the coarser the particle size.

The soda soapstock is a soda oil soap obtained in the rapeseed oil refining process (deacidification process). Waste diatomaceous earth is waste diatomaceous earth used as a filter aid used in the purification process (filtration process) when glucose is produced from corn. The waste white clay is the waste white clay of the filter aid used in the rapeseed oil refining process (decolorization process). Table 3 shows the results of measuring the FF of each of these materials.

[Manufacturing method of raw material for feed]
[Examples 1 to 4: Raw materials for feed]: According to the materials and blending ratios shown in Table 4, soda oil cake and bran or bean hulls were mixed and pulverized with a cutter mixer until they were uniformly powdered, and the moisture content was determined. was dried in a constant temperature drier (80-105° C.) so that the content was about 10%, and a feed material containing soda oil cake and bran or bean hulls was obtained.
[Examples 5 to 9: feed raw materials]: According to the ingredients and blending ratios shown in Examples 5 to 9 in Table 5, soda oil cake and bran were mixed and pulverized with a cutter mixer until they were uniformly powdered, and the moisture content was adjusted. It was dried in a constant temperature dryer (80 to 105°C) so that the content was about 10%, and a feed material containing soda oil cake and bran was obtained.
[Examples 10 and 11: Feed material]: According to the materials and blending ratios shown in Examples 10 and 11 in Table 5, waste diatomaceous earth and bran were mixed and pulverized with a cutter mixer until they were uniformly powdered and granulated. It was dried in a constant temperature dryer (80 to 105° C.) so that the amount was about 10%, and a feed material containing waste diatomaceous earth and bran was obtained.
[Examples 12 to 14: feed raw materials]: According to the materials and blending ratios shown in Examples 12 to 14 in Table 5, waste white clay and bran were mixed and pulverized with a cutter mixer until they were uniformly powdered and granulated. It was dried in a constant temperature dryer (80 to 105°C) so that the amount was about 10%, and a feed material containing waste white clay and bran was obtained.
[Examples 15 and 16: Feed material]: According to the materials and blending ratios shown in Examples 15 and 16 in Table 6, soda oil soap, waste diatomaceous earth, and bran were mixed and pulverized in a cutter mixer until they became uniform powders. Then, it was dried in a constant temperature dryer (80 to 105° C.) so that the moisture content was about 10%, to obtain a feed material containing soda oil cake, waste diatomaceous earth, and bran.
[Example 17: Raw material for feed]: Soda oil residue, waste diatomaceous earth, waste white clay, and bran were mixed and pulverized in a cutter mixer until they became uniform powders and grains according to the materials and blending ratios shown in Example 17 in Table 6. , dried in a constant temperature dryer (80 to 105°C) so that the water content was about 10%, to obtain a feed material containing soda oil residue, waste diatomaceous earth, waste clay, and bran.
When preparing feed ingredients, measure the moisture content of each ingredient individually in advance, and determine how much water content should be reduced after mixing each ingredient to achieve a moisture content of 10% in the feed ingredient. Calculated and dried to obtain the feed material. In addition, each material is blended by determining the content in the feed raw material based on the amount converted to dry matter (water content: 10%).
The FFs of the feed ingredients of Examples 1-17 were measured and the respective FFs are shown in Tables 4-6.

As shown in Table 4, by mixing grain husks such as bran and bean hulls with soda oil cake and drying, it was possible to obtain a feed material with good flowability and easy handling. Among cereal husks, the effect was high for bran, and the effect was particularly high for bran, which has a relatively coarse particle size and a low passage rate through a 0.6 mm sieve.

As shown in Table 5, waste diatomaceous earth and waste white clay were also mixed with bran and dried to improve the fluidity of the material.
In addition, it was suggested that the larger the amount of cereal hulls used, the easier the fluidity is to be improved, but it is preferable that the amount be at least 20% by mass or more in the total amount. It was suggested that the amount of soda soap used should be 35% by mass or less based on the total amount to improve fluidity. In addition, it was suggested that the amount of waste diatomaceous earth and/or waste white clay used is preferably 80% by mass or less in terms of fluidity improvement.

As shown in Table 6, even when two or more of soda oil residue, waste diatomaceous earth and waste white clay were mixed, a feed material with good fluidity could be obtained by using grain hulls.

Claims (9)

A feed raw material containing waste diatomaceous earth and cereal hulls ,
A feed material, wherein the feed material has a flow function of 2 or higher . A feed material containing soda oil cake, waste diatomaceous earth, and grain hulls ,
A feed material, wherein the feed material has a flow function of 2 or higher . 3. The feed material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said cereal husk is bran and/or bean husk. The feed material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cereal hull is 20% by mass or more. A feed comprising the feed material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . A method for producing a feed raw material by mixing and drying waste diatomaceous earth and cereal hulls ,
A method for producing a feed material, wherein the feed material has a flow function of 2 or higher . A feed raw material manufacturing method comprising mixing and drying soda oil cake, waste diatomaceous earth, and cereal husks, comprising:
A method for producing a feed material, wherein the feed material has a flow function of 2 or more . An agent for improving fluidity of feed raw materials containing waste diatomaceous earth having a flow function of less than 2, comprising grain hulls as an active ingredient. An agent for improving the fluidity of feed ingredients containing soda oil cake and waste diatomaceous earth having a flow function of less than 2, which contains grain hulls as an active ingredient.