JP7198572B2 - 促進したバイオプロセスにおける水素及び他の気体又は液体生成物の生成 - Google Patents
促進したバイオプロセスにおける水素及び他の気体又は液体生成物の生成 Download PDFInfo
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- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/18—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic polyhydric
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Description
‐2,3‐ブタンジオール発酵
‐アセトン‐ブタノール発酵
‐グリセロール又は他の多価アルコールの微生物分解
‐ギ酸の形成、及びその後のギ酸が崩壊して水素及び二酸化炭素を形成する反応
である。
過去の研究によると、ピルビン酸塩からの2,3‐ブタンジオールの合成経路は、アセト乳酸及びアセトンを経てブタンジオールになるように合成される。この作用には、2つの酵素系経路:pH8同化及びpH6異化経路が存在する。その周囲で酸性度が高まるにつれ、微生物細胞は過剰な酸形成を回避するよう努める。この場合、異化経路が作用し始め、アセト乳酸が分岐鎖アミノ酸(ロイシン、バリン)に変換される代わりに、異化アセトインが低pHでアセト乳酸から形成され始める。ここからブタンジオールが形成され、pHが増加する。従ってクレブシエラ、腸内細菌(=好気性細菌)等は、腸内pHに関する自身の条件及び環境を調節する。大腸菌及び他の酸発生菌もこの作用から利益を得る。また、酸形成からブタンジオールへの交換及びその逆の交換が可能な種類も存在する(例えばセラチア(Serratia)種、アエロモナス(Aeromonas)種)。前述のこれらの種は通常、腸管の支配的フローラではないが、大腸菌及びクレブシエラは腸管の支配的フローラである。
1.ピルビン酸CH3COCOOH+TPP→「活性アセトアルデヒド」[CH3CHO]*TPP+ギ酸HCOOH
2.ギ酸塩は、水素1分子及び二酸化炭素1分子になる。
3.理論によれば、活性アセトアルデヒドは別のピルビン酸塩と反応し、アセト乳酸が形成される(従ってこの反応は同化分枝鎖アミノ酸の形成反応と競合する)。
4.アセト乳酸はアセトイン+C02になる(2分子存在する!)。
5.2Hは、アセト乳酸からブタンジオールを得るために必要である。
‐(表に従って)ブタンジオールと同量形成されるエタノールはどこから生じるのか?
‐以下の表に従って、物質は以下の割合で次のようになる:
‐「式によれば」、形成された1ブタンジオールから、1ギ酸が得られる。
‐理論によれば、1ギ酸は1水素になるから、このことは3/4のギ酸(4×17=68)は水素及び二酸化炭素に変換され、1/4は測定時まで反応している時間はなく、代わりに、ギ酸として測定されるようになる(この場合、理論値と等しくブタンジオールと同量のギ酸が存在する)ことを意味する。
‐約87(測定量の半量)の水素の7/3倍のブタンジオールが存在しているはずであり、このことからCO2の割合が10ではなく8であることが分かる。
‐このことは、従来の理論に従えば、上記から、アセトラクトン、2ブタンジオール及び4二酸化炭素を経て、グルコースが形成されるはずであることを意味する。
‐上記の計算に基づいて、形成される二酸化炭素の半分以下のブタンジオールが存在するはずであり、これは2を意味する(4存在する!)。
‐上記の理論によればブタンジオールと同量のグルコースからエタノールは形成されないため、2倍量のエタノールが存在する。これはブタンジオール4-2=2、エタノール4、二酸化炭素8-2×2=4を意味する。
‐よって、グルコースからブタンジオール、エタノール及び二酸化炭素が2:4:4、すなわち1:2:2の割合で形成される反応とはどのようなものか?
‐グルコース(Glu)、ブタンジオール(BD)、エタノール(EtOH)及び二酸化炭素(CO2)中の異なる原子の割合の表である。
‐上記から、以下の反応式が続く:Glu+酪酸塩→BD+2EtOH+2CO2、この式はこの例では妥当である。
‐全ての例で、物質はこのように「等価である」。
‐従って、下記表から、開始時の理論により説明された方法では、2グルコースから、1グルコースは初めに従来式に従って2×ピルビン酸塩へと分解され、他方は酪酸と反応し、これにより2ブタンジオール、2エタノール及び4二酸化炭素が形成されるという考えが導かれ、―このことは、ブタンジオールの半分は従来の経路を介して形成され、他の半分は、2エタノール及び2二酸化炭素も含むいくつかの他の経路を介して形成されることを意味する。
‐従って酪酸塩はどこから生じるのか?
‐ほぼ全ての細菌のエネルギー貯蔵材料はポリヒドロキシ酪酸塩(PHB)である。それは酪酸のポリマーであり、細菌は自らの細胞に保存する。
‐従って特定の細菌(ブタンジオール発酵を行うもの)は、酸性度が増加すると、特にpH及び浸透圧に関する環境の生育力を維持するため、言い換えれば環境及びその細胞内環境を中和し、均衡を保つため、そのエネルギー貯蔵を利用する。
‐次に、pHが増加すると、細菌は再度PHB貯蔵を充填する。
‐4グルコース及び2PHB酪酸部から、クレブシエラ、腸内細菌等のブタンジオール発酵細菌は4ブタンジオール、4エタノール、8CO2及び2水素(それに加えて、1ギ酸があるが、これは反応して水素及び二酸化炭素になる時間がなかったと考えられる)を生成することは化学量論的に整合性がある。
‐(2,3‐ブタンジオールの形成に)必要な酪酸塩は恐らく他の細菌の代謝からも生じることが可能であるが、細胞内供給源としてはPHBが可能性が高い。
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Claims (10)
- 2,3-ブタンジオールをバイオマスを用いて微生物発酵により製造する、微生物学的生成方法であって、前記バイオマスに、連続的に又は随時低酸素条件又は嫌気的条件のキャリアガスを導入し、前記低酸素条件又は嫌気的条件のキャリアガスは、酸素量を減少させた、N2、CO2、O2からなるガス混合物であって、前記方法により、2,3-ブタンジオールを有効に生成することを特徴とする方法であって、前記微生物はクレブシエラ菌である、方法。
- 前記キャリアガスは全体的にもしくは部分的に燃焼ガスから構成されるか、又は発酵から遊離しているものであり、このガスは微生物学的プロセスに戻すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 使用のプロセスは嫌気的なプロセスであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記プロセスでは、低すぎる又は高すぎるpH又は浸透圧など、自身に有益でない状態を補正するように微生物が自身の環境を制御又は調整しようとする取り組みを利用することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記生成物を蓄積し、又はその遊離を促進するために微生物オーバーフロー代謝を利用することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 液体への液体生成物の蓄積、又は気体相への気体生成物の遊離は、前記キャリアガスにより迅速化することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 結果を最適化するために前記ガスの温度を調整することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記プロセスから生成物として形成された前記物質を濃縮し、可燃エネルギー源、自動車燃料又は化学産業原材料にすることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- メタノールなどの利用可能な液体生成物を製造するために、水素などの気体生成物を一酸化炭素などの他の物質と反応させることを特徴とする請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記形成された気体、液体又は懸濁液を燃料として使用することを特徴とする請求項6~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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PCT/FI2015/000015 WO2015158950A1 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2015-04-16 | The production of hydrogen and other gaseous or liquid products in an accelerated bioprocess |
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CA3214954A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | Patrick J. Foody | Process and system for producing fuel |
CN114289474B (zh) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-08-29 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | 一种快速碳固定和稳定化的焚烧炉渣预处理方法 |
US11807530B2 (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2023-11-07 | Iogen Corporation | Method for making low carbon intensity hydrogen |
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- 2015-04-16 WO PCT/FI2015/000015 patent/WO2015158950A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2015-04-16 JP JP2016560444A patent/JP7198572B2/ja active Active
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JP2017513468A (ja) | 2017-06-01 |
CA2944425A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
WO2015158950A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
EP3131856A4 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
EP3131856B1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
FI3131856T3 (fi) | 2023-02-28 |
US20170051318A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
EP3131856A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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