JP7192578B2 - Machining equipment and workpiece support jigs - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to a processing apparatus and a support jig for a work.

For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses machining of cylinder bore holes (hereinafter referred to as "bore holes") as one of the machining steps of the cylinder block.

Machining of the bore hole is performed, for example, in the following steps. First, the lower surface of the rough material of the cylinder block is rough-worked (first step). Next, the bore hole and upper surface of the cylinder are rough-machined using the machined lower surface as a reference surface (second step). Next, using the machined upper surface as a reference surface, the lower surface is finished (third step). Next, the bore hole is finished by using the lower surface as a reference surface (fourth step).

Japanese Patent No. 5866272

However, since the stress is released after machining the bore hole, for example, the rough machining of the bore hole in the second step and the finishing machining of the lower surface in the third step cannot be performed at the same time. As a result, there are many changes in the machining reference, such as changing the reference surface so that the reference surface in the second step is the lower surface and the reference surface in the third step is the upper surface. A large number of replacements of the machining reference causes a long machining time.

Further, for example, each surface is cut for each reference surface, such as machining (cutting) the upper surface using the lower surface as the reference surface in the second step and machining (cutting) the lower surface using the upper surface as the reference surface in the third step. In some cases, the cutting allowance may increase. When the cutting allowance is large, the amount of chips discharged during processing increases, and the chips tend to accumulate on the jig, causing poor adhesion of the workpiece. It may cause the operation failure of the operation mechanism such as the clamper.

Also, when the cutting allowance increases, the cutting length increases. This requires long processing times. If measures such as high-rigidity jigs and dedicated processing machines are taken to shorten the processing time, it becomes a factor of soaring equipment investment.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a processing apparatus and a work supporting jig capable of shortening the processing time of a work.

In order to achieve the above object, the processing device in the present disclosure is
A processing apparatus for processing at least two first outer peripheral wall surfaces facing each other out of the outer peripheral wall surfaces of the workpiece, wherein a cylinder block or a cylinder head is used as a workpiece,
a jig for supporting a second outer peripheral wall surface other than the first outer peripheral wall surface, the second outer peripheral wall surface facing each other in a direction orthogonal to the first outer peripheral wall surface;
a rotating part having an axis extending in the orthogonal direction and rotating the work around the axis via the jig;
one pressing member arranged corresponding to one wall surface of the two first outer peripheral wall surfaces;
the other pressing member arranged corresponding to the other wall surface of the two first outer peripheral wall surfaces;
When the one wall surface is machined and then the other wall surface is machined by the processing unit, the rotating unit is controlled so that the other wall surface is oriented in the direction in which the processing unit processes the one wall surface ; When processing the wall surface of, the other pressing member presses the other wall surface in the direction of the one wall surface, the one pressing member retreats from the one wall surface, and processing the other wall surface a control unit for executing control such that the one pressing member presses the one wall surface toward the other wall surface and the other pressing member retreats from the other wall surface ;
Prepare.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to shorten the processing time of the workpiece.

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing an example of a processing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a processing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a work machining process.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing an example of a processing apparatus according to this embodiment. The X, Y and Z axes are depicted in FIG. The horizontal direction in FIG. 1 is called the X direction or the longitudinal direction of the workpiece 1, the left direction is called the left side or "-X direction", and the right direction is called the right side or "+X direction". Further, the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is called the Y direction or the lateral direction of the workpiece 1, the upward direction is called the upper side or "+Y direction", and the downward direction is called the lower side or "-Y direction". 1 is called the Z direction or the depth direction of the workpiece 1, the front direction is called the front side or "+Z direction", and the back direction is called the back side or "-Z direction".

FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the processing apparatus according to this embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the workpiece 1 has a roughly rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is predetermined in the longitudinal direction (X direction), the lateral direction (Y direction), and the depth direction (Z direction). length. A workpiece 1 has six outer peripheral wall surfaces 2 . The six outer peripheral wall surfaces 2 are a left wall surface 2A, a right wall surface 2B, an upper wall surface 2C, a lower wall surface 2D, a front wall surface 2E and a rear wall surface 2F. Work 1 is, for example, a cylinder block. The workpiece 1 may be a cylinder head.

The processing apparatus 100 processes the front side wall surface 2E and the rear side wall surface 2F of the workpiece 1 that face each other in the depth direction (Z direction). corresponds to the "first outer peripheral wall surface" of the present disclosure. The front wall surface 2</b>E and the rear wall surface 2</b>F are surfaces perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 3 . The left wall surface 2A, the right wall surface 2B, the upper wall surface 2C, and the lower wall surface 2D correspond to the "second outer peripheral wall surface" of the present disclosure. In the following description, the outer peripheral wall surface to be machined such as the front side wall surface 2E and the rear side wall surface 2F is referred to as "first outer peripheral wall surface". Further, an unprocessed outer peripheral wall surface such as the left wall surface 2A is referred to as a "second outer peripheral wall surface". In addition, when referring to both the first outer peripheral wall surface and the second outer peripheral wall surface, they are referred to as an "outer peripheral wall surface".

The processing apparatus 100 includes a column 11 , a base 21 , a jig 30 , a power section 40 (corresponding to the “rotating section” of the present disclosure), and a control section 50 .

Column 11 has a spindle 12 and a tool 13 .

The main shaft 12 is configured to be rotatable around its axis, and is configured to be movable in the horizontal direction (X direction), the vertical direction (Y direction), and the depth direction (Z direction).

A tool 13 is attached to the spindle 12 . The tool 13 corresponds to the "processing section" of the present disclosure. The tools 13 include, for example, a tool for rough machining the first outer peripheral wall surface 2 of the workpiece 1, a tool for finishing the first outer peripheral wall surface 2 of the workpiece 1, a tool for rough machining of the bore hole, and a finishing tool for the bore hole. Includes tools (boring tools, honing tools) and other tools. A tool 13 attached to the spindle 12 and a tool (not shown) housed in a tool magazine are automatically exchanged according to the machining process of the workpiece 1 .

The base 21 is fixed to a bed (not shown). The workpiece 1 is machined (cut) by moving the main shaft 12 in the X, Y, and Z directions and rotating the main shaft 12 .

Poles 22 and 22 are arranged on the base 21 so as to be spaced apart from each other in the X direction. The poles 22, 22 extend upward (+Y direction).

The jig 30 has a rotating shaft portion 32 , a frame member 34 and a support member 36 .

The rotating shaft portion 32 is provided at the upper end portion of the pole 22 . As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating shaft portion 32 is arranged at a central position in the lateral direction (Y direction) and the depth direction (Z direction) of the frame-shaped member 34, extends in the longitudinal direction (X direction), Rotate on the YZ plane.

The frame member 34 has a rectangular frame shape. As shown in FIG. 1, the frame member 34 has a left side frame portion 34A, a right side frame portion 34B, an upper side frame portion 34C and a lower side frame portion 34D. The frame-shaped member 34 is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral wall surface 2 of the workpiece 1 . The frame member 34 is configured to be rotatable around the rotating shaft portion 32 .

The left frame portion 34A is positioned on the left side of the frame shape and extends in the lateral direction (Y direction). The right frame portion 34B is positioned on the right side of the frame shape and extends in the lateral direction. The upper frame portion 34C is positioned on the upper side of the frame shape and extends in the longitudinal direction (X direction). The lower frame portion 34D is positioned on the lower side of the frame shape and extends in the longitudinal direction.

The support member 36 has a left support member 36A, a right support member 36B, an upper support member 36C and a lower support member 36D.

The left support member 36A extends from the center position of the left frame portion 34A in the Y and Z directions (which coincides with the position of the rotary shaft portion 32 on the YZ plane) toward the left wall surface 2A of the workpiece 1, 2A abuts.

The right support member 36B extends from the center position of the right frame portion 34B in the Y and Z directions (which coincides with the position of the rotary shaft portion 32 on the YZ plane) toward the right wall surface 2B of the workpiece 1, 2B. The right support member 36B has a piston rod, and when air pressure or hydraulic pressure acts on the piston rod, the piston rod is pushed out and presses the right wall surface 2B. The left support member 36A and the right support member 36B support the workpiece 1 by sandwiching it in the longitudinal direction (X direction).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper support members 36C are arranged corresponding to three points (positions corresponding to the vertices of the triangle) on the upper wall surface 2C. Specifically, the three points on the upper wall surface 2C are an upper central portion, a lower left end portion, and a lower right end portion of the upper wall surface 2C.

The upper support member 36C extends from the upper frame portion 34C toward the upper wall surface 2C of the workpiece 1 and contacts the upper wall surface 2C. The upper support member 36C has a piston rod, and when air pressure or hydraulic pressure acts on the piston rod, the piston rod is pushed out and presses the upper wall surface 2C.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower support members 36D are arranged corresponding to three positions (positions corresponding to the vertices of the triangle) on the lower wall surface 2D. Specifically, the three locations on the lower wall surface 2D are the upper central portion, the lower left end portion, and the lower right end portion of the lower wall surface 2D.

The lower support member 36D extends from the lower frame portion 34D toward the lower wall surface 2D of the workpiece 1 and contacts the lower wall surface 2D. The three positions on the lower wall surface 2D and the three positions on the upper wall surface 2C match on the XZ plane. The upper support member 36C and the lower support member 36D support the workpiece 1 by sandwiching it in the lateral direction (Y direction).

As shown in FIG. 1, the support members 36A, 36B, 36C, and 36D are arranged along the second outer peripheral wall surface 2 of the workpiece 1 with a gap therebetween, and extend from the frame member 34 toward the second outer peripheral wall surface 2. It extends to support the second outer peripheral wall surface 2 of the workpiece 1 .

The pressing member 38 has a left front pressing member 38A, a right front pressing member 38B, a left rear pressing member 38C and a right rear pressing member 38D. 1 and 2 omit an actuator for driving the pressing member 38. As shown in FIG.

The left front side pressing member 38A is provided at two locations above and below the center position of the left frame portion 34A in the lateral direction (Y direction). The left front side pressing member 38A is configured to be movable between a position to press the front side wall surface 2E in the direction of the back side wall surface 2F (-Z direction) and a position to retreat from the front side wall surface 2E. The left front side pressing member 38A presses the front side wall surface 2E when processing the back side wall surface 2F. The left front side pressing member 38A retracts from the front side wall surface 2E when processing the front side wall surface 2E. FIG. 2 shows the left front side pressing member 38A that presses the front side wall surface 2E.

The right front side pressing member 38B is provided at two locations above and below the center position of the right frame portion 34B in the lateral direction (Y direction). The right front side pressing member 38B is configured to be movable between a position to press the front side wall surface 2E in the direction of the back side wall surface 2F (-Z direction) and a position to retreat from the front side wall surface 2E. The right front side pressing member 38B presses the front side wall surface 2E when processing the back side wall surface 2F. The right front side pressing member 38B retracts from the front side wall surface 2E when processing the front side wall surface 2E. FIG. 2 shows the right front pressing member 38B that presses the front side wall surface 2E.

The left back side pressing member 38C is provided at two locations above and below the center position of the left frame portion 34A in the lateral direction (Y direction). The left back side pressing member 38C is configured to be movable between a position to press the back side wall surface 2F toward the front side wall surface 2E (+Z direction) and a position to retreat from the back side wall surface 2F. The left back side pressing member 38C presses the back side wall surface 2F when processing the front side wall surface 2E. The left back side pressing member 38C retreats from the back side wall surface 2F when processing the back side wall surface 2F. FIG. 2 shows the left back side pressing member 38C retracted from the back side wall surface 2F.

The right rear side pressing member 38D is provided at two locations above and below the center position of the right frame portion 34B in the lateral direction (Y direction). The right back side pressing member 38D is configured to be movable between a position to press the back side wall surface 2F toward the front side wall surface 2E (+Z direction) and a position to retreat from the back side wall surface 2F. The right back side pressing member 38D presses the back side wall surface 2F when processing the front side wall surface 2E. The right back side pressing member 38D retreats from the back side wall surface 2F when processing the back side wall surface 2F. FIG. 2 shows the right back side pressing member 38D retracted from the back side wall surface 2F.

The power section 40 is provided at the upper end of the pole 22 . The power section 40 rotates the workpiece 1 around the rotating shaft section 32 . For example, the power section 40 has an electric motor. The output shaft of the electric motor and the rotating shaft portion 32 are connected.

The control unit 50 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), an input device, and an output device. The CPU expands the programs stored in the ROM into the RAM, and controls movement of the base 21 in the X and Y directions, movement control of the main shaft 12 in the Y direction, rotation control of the main shaft 12, control of the power section 40, Various controls such as control of the piston rod and control of the actuator are executed.

When the workpiece 1 is to be machined, the control unit 50 controls the spindle 12 to move in the X, Y and Z directions. Further, when the back side wall surface 2F is machined after the front side wall surface 2E is machined, the control unit 50 controls the power unit 40 so that the back side wall surface 2F faces the machining direction of the tool 13 (processing portion). Control. Specifically, the control unit 50 controls the power unit 40 so that the workpiece 1 rotates by an angle θ (here, 180 degrees) formed by the front side wall surface 2E and the rear side wall surface 2F. As a result, the inner side wall surface 2F is directed toward the tool 13. As shown in FIG.

Next, the machining process of the workpiece 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the machining process of the workpiece 1. As shown in FIG. In step S100, the front side wall surface 2E of the workpiece 1 is rough-machined. After that, the jig 30 is rotated by 180 degrees around the rotating shaft portion 32 to rough-machine the inner side wall surface 2F of the workpiece 1 and rough-machine the bore hole.

Next, in step S110, after finishing the inner side wall surface 2F of the work 1, boring (finishing) of the bore hole is performed. In addition, after performing bore hardening and other finishing processes, honing (finishing) of the bore hole is performed.

According to the processing apparatus 100 in the above embodiment, the processing apparatus processes at least two first outer peripheral wall surfaces 2 facing each other among the outer peripheral wall surfaces 2 of the workpiece 1, and the outer peripheral wall surface other than the first outer peripheral wall surface 2 It has a jig 30 for supporting the second outer peripheral wall surface 2 facing each other in a direction orthogonal to the first outer peripheral wall surface 2 and an axis extending in the orthogonal direction. A power unit 40 that rotates the workpiece 1, and a direction in which the other wall surface is machined by the processing unit when one of the two first outer peripheral wall surfaces 2 is processed and then the other wall surface is processed by the processing unit. and a control unit 50 that controls the power unit 40 so that the .

As a result, the front side wall surface 2E and the rear side wall surface 2F can be processed without changing the processing reference by rotating the workpiece 1 around the rotation shaft portion 32 via the jig 30 using the axis of the rotation shaft portion 32 as a processing reference. can be processed, the processing time can be shortened.

Further, when the front side wall surface 2E and the rear side wall surface 2F are machined using the rotating shaft portion 32 as a processing reference, it is not necessary to cut the front side wall surface 2E and the like for each reference surface. Compared to the case where the side wall surface 2F is processed and the front side wall surface 2E is processed using the back side wall surface 2F as a reference surface, the replacement of the reference surface can be reduced. As a result, it becomes easier to ensure the final dimensional quality of the product, so that reliability can be improved.

Moreover, in this case, it is possible to shorten the cutting length. This makes it possible to shorten the processing time.

Moreover, according to the processing apparatus 100 in the above-described embodiment, the supporting members 36A and the like are arranged along the second outer peripheral wall surface 2 of the workpiece 1 with a gap therebetween. As a result, the chips discharged during processing fall through the gap, making it difficult for the chips to accumulate on the jig 30, preventing poor adhesion of the workpiece and malfunction of the clamper. It becomes possible to

Further, according to the processing apparatus 100 of the above-described embodiment, the upper support member 36C and the lower support member 36D support the work 1 at three points on the upper wall surface 2C and the lower wall surface 2D of the work 1 (positions of the vertices of the triangle). Since it is supported so as to be sandwiched from above and below, the work 1 can be stably supported.

Further, according to the processing apparatus 100 in the above embodiment, for example, when processing the back side wall surface 2F, the pressing member 38 presses the front side wall surface 2E toward the back side wall surface 2F. is pushed toward the front side wall surface 2E, the work 1 does not move toward the front side wall surface 2E, and the work 1 is securely supported. can be prevented.

Further, the rotating shaft portion 32 extends along the longitudinal direction (X direction) at a central position in the lateral direction (Y direction). In this structure (transverse type structure) in which the rotating shaft portion 32 is located at the center position in the lateral direction, the rotation shaft portion 32 around the rotating shaft portion 32 is received by the work 1 when the tool 13 processes the end portion of the work 1 in the lateral direction. is the torque around the rotating shaft portion 32 that the workpiece 1 receives when the tool 13 processes the longitudinal end portion of the workpiece 1 in a structure (longitudinal structure) in which the rotating shaft portion 32 is located at the central position in the longitudinal direction. less than In other words, the short-hand structure can be made into a structure that is relatively resistant to torque around the rotating shaft portion 32 during processing.

In addition, the above-described embodiments are merely examples of specific implementations of the present disclosure, and the technical scope of the present disclosure should not be construed to be limited by these. That is, the present disclosure can be embodied in various forms without departing from its spirit or key features.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present disclosure is suitably used for machine tools that require shortening of the machining time of a workpiece.

Reference Signs List 1 work 2 outer wall surface 2A left wall surface 2B right wall surface 2C upper wall surface 2D lower wall surface 2E front wall surface 2F rear wall surface 3 cylinder 11 column 12 main shaft 13 tool 21 base 22 pole 30 jig 32 rotating shaft 34 frame member 34A Left frame portion 34B Right frame portion 34C Upper frame portion 34D Lower frame portion 36 Support member 36A Left support member 36B Right support member 36C Upper support member 36D Lower support member 38 Pressing member 38A Left front pressing member 38B Right front pressing member 38C Left back side pressing member 38D Right back side pressing member 40 Power unit 50 Control unit 100 Processing device

Claims (3)

A processing apparatus for processing at least two first outer peripheral wall surfaces facing each other out of the outer peripheral wall surfaces of the workpiece, wherein a cylinder block or a cylinder head is used as a workpiece,
a jig for supporting a second outer peripheral wall surface other than the first outer peripheral wall surface, the second outer peripheral wall surface facing each other in a direction orthogonal to the first outer peripheral wall surface;
a rotating part having an axis extending in the orthogonal direction and rotating the work around the axis via the jig;
one pressing member arranged corresponding to one wall surface of the two first outer peripheral wall surfaces;
the other pressing member arranged corresponding to the other wall surface of the two first outer peripheral wall surfaces;
When the one wall surface is machined and then the other wall surface is machined by the processing unit, the rotating unit is controlled so that the other wall surface is oriented in the direction in which the processing unit processes the one wall surface ; When processing the wall surface of, the other pressing member presses the other wall surface in the direction of the one wall surface, the one pressing member retreats from the one wall surface, and processing the other wall surface a control unit for executing control such that the one pressing member presses the one wall surface toward the other wall surface and the other pressing member retreats from the other wall surface ;
A processing device. The jig is
a frame-shaped member arranged to surround the second outer peripheral wall surface of the work;
A plurality of supports arranged along the second outer peripheral wall surface of the work with a gap therebetween and extending from the frame member toward the second outer peripheral wall surface to support the second outer peripheral wall surface of the work. a member;
comprising a
The processing apparatus according to claim 1 . The workpiece has a predetermined length in each of the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction,
wherein the axis extends along the longitudinal direction at a central position in the lateral direction;
The processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 .

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