JP7191933B2 - ショート送信時間区間用のチャネル状態情報報告 - Google Patents
ショート送信時間区間用のチャネル状態情報報告 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7191933B2 JP7191933B2 JP2020506771A JP2020506771A JP7191933B2 JP 7191933 B2 JP7191933 B2 JP 7191933B2 JP 2020506771 A JP2020506771 A JP 2020506771A JP 2020506771 A JP2020506771 A JP 2020506771A JP 7191933 B2 JP7191933 B2 JP 7191933B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- csi
- reporting configuration
- resources
- csi reporting
- report
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0027—Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
- H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
- H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
- H04L5/0057—Physical resource allocation for CQI
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0091—Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information
- H04L5/0094—Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
- H04W72/1273—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of downlink data flows
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201762544556P | 2017-08-11 | 2017-08-11 | |
| US62/544,556 | 2017-08-11 | ||
| US16/057,593 US11297520B2 (en) | 2017-08-11 | 2018-08-07 | Channel state information reporting for short transmission time intervals |
| US16/057,593 | 2018-08-07 | ||
| PCT/US2018/045854 WO2019032731A1 (en) | 2017-08-11 | 2018-08-08 | CREATING CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION REPORT FOR SHORT TRANSMISSION TIME INTERVALS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2020530686A JP2020530686A (ja) | 2020-10-22 |
| JP2020530686A5 JP2020530686A5 (enExample) | 2021-09-02 |
| JP7191933B2 true JP7191933B2 (ja) | 2022-12-19 |
Family
ID=63442785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020506771A Active JP7191933B2 (ja) | 2017-08-11 | 2018-08-08 | ショート送信時間区間用のチャネル状態情報報告 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11297520B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP3665802A1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP7191933B2 (enExample) |
| KR (2) | KR20250057940A (enExample) |
| CN (2) | CN115173915B (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR112020002469A2 (enExample) |
| SG (1) | SG11202000163VA (enExample) |
| TW (2) | TWI774817B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2019032731A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10419192B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-09-17 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Method and apparatus for reporting channel state information |
| CN109600210B (zh) | 2017-09-30 | 2024-07-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | 数据传输方法、终端设备以及网络设备 |
| US10992358B2 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2021-04-27 | Apple Inc. | Signaling for resource allocation and scheduling in 5G-NR integrated access and backhaul |
| KR102391858B1 (ko) | 2018-01-12 | 2022-04-28 | 텔레폰악티에볼라겟엘엠에릭슨(펍) | 반영구적 csi 리포트의 활성화 및 비활성화 |
| US11689267B2 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2023-06-27 | Mediatek Inc. | Aperiodic CSI triggering in scenarios with multiple PDCCHs |
| WO2020235327A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-26 | ソニー株式会社 | 通信装置及び通信方法 |
| US11356162B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2022-06-07 | Mediatek Inc. | CSI reporting for multiple transmission points |
| CN114902778B (zh) * | 2019-11-20 | 2025-02-11 | Lg电子株式会社 | 在nr v2x中请求csi的方法和设备 |
| WO2021147058A1 (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-07-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Collision resolution between channel state information reports |
| US12355529B2 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2025-07-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for simplifying channel state information feedback |
| WO2021208069A1 (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Csi feedback in high-speed train single frequency networks |
| WO2021226863A1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Differential mode for interference-specific channel state information report |
| EP4189843A1 (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-06-07 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | On subband configuration for reduced csi computation time |
| US11870565B2 (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2024-01-09 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Transport block size driven CQI feedback scheme |
| US11638169B2 (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2023-04-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | First radio access technology (RAT) channel state feedback (CSF) to increase accuracy of interference estimates from second RAT neighbor cells with dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) |
| US11483046B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-10-25 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Channel state information (CSI) packet transmission based on a dynamic transmission period |
| US11539610B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-12-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Presence detection based on link parameter data and network parameter data |
| EP4218152A1 (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2023-08-02 | Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Reporting channel state information for high speed devices |
| WO2022120629A1 (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | 通信方法以及相关装置 |
| WO2022151022A1 (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel state information joint measurements |
| CN115134821B (zh) * | 2021-03-24 | 2024-11-15 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | 通信资源配置方法、装置、基站和存储介质 |
| WO2023004754A1 (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-02-02 | Zte Corporation | Systems and methods for reference signaling design and configuration |
| US11678356B2 (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-06-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Collecting buffered CSI from a UE |
| US20240030977A1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-01-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Partial channel state information reporting |
| WO2024060199A1 (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2024-03-28 | Apple Inc. | Enhanced channel state information measurement and reporting at high movement speeds |
| WO2024166079A1 (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-08-15 | Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Reporting enhancements for mixed downlink transmissions |
| WO2025192992A1 (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2025-09-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Methods and apparatus for uci construction and priority rule for cri-based csi |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016114917A1 (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2016-07-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for handling channel state information (csi) in ultra low latency (ull) lte |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8363606B2 (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2013-01-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for data and control multiplexing |
| US9219571B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2015-12-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Aperiodic CQI reporting in a wireless communication network |
| US8995400B2 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2015-03-31 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for enabling channel and interference estimations in macro/RRH system |
| AU2013260212B2 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2015-12-10 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Methods and arrangements for CSI reporting |
| WO2013172684A1 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-21 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Channel estimation method and apparatus for cooperative communication in a cellular mobile communication system |
| US10153875B2 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Traffic data allocations in low latency LTE downlink communications |
| US10123349B2 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Low latency physical uplink control channel with scheduling request and channel state information |
| US10123335B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2018-11-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Quality of service related enhancements for LTE over shared spectrum |
| US10200168B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2019-02-05 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for adaptation in a wireless network |
| WO2017048324A1 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-23 | Intel IP Corporation | Low latency lte-a transmission using shortened tti and zero power csi-rs resources |
| US10897773B2 (en) * | 2015-10-06 | 2021-01-19 | Apple Inc. | Bearer-less architecture for a wireless cellular network |
| US10313168B2 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2019-06-04 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method and user equipment for receiving downlink channel, and method and base station for transmitting downlink channel |
| EP3393057B1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2022-02-02 | LG Electronics Inc. | Method for transmitting uplink control information and user apparatus for carrying out same |
| CN108476429B (zh) | 2016-01-18 | 2023-03-21 | 联想创新有限公司(香港) | 使用不同子帧类型的uci传输 |
| US10172130B2 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2019-01-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wideband low latency communication |
| CN107027181B (zh) | 2016-02-02 | 2020-02-04 | 电信科学技术研究院 | 一种上行控制信息的传输方法及装置 |
| US10021712B2 (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2018-07-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for configuring reference signals in low latentcy wireless communications |
| KR102065432B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-28 | 2020-01-14 | 주식회사 케이티 | 공유 복조 기준 신호 기반 상향링크 데이터 채널 설정 방법 및 그 장치 |
| US20190312669A1 (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for transmitting channel state information in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor |
| US20170289985A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Mediatek Inc. | Wireless Communication System Design |
| KR102202612B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-13 | 2021-01-13 | 텔레호낙티에볼라게트 엘엠 에릭슨(피유비엘) | 다운링크 송신들의 구성 |
| CN106792889B (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2020-05-15 | 展讯通信(上海)有限公司 | 调度传输时间间隔长度的装置及方法,通信终端及基站 |
| US10687330B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2020-06-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for communicating on an uplink in a shared radio frequency spectrum band |
| CN106788930B (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-07-12 | 展讯通信(上海)有限公司 | sTTI内解调参考信号的传输、接收方法和基站、用户设备 |
| US10419192B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-09-17 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Method and apparatus for reporting channel state information |
| US10383142B2 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-08-13 | Acer Incorporated | Device and method of handling channel status information reports for transmission time intervals |
-
2018
- 2018-08-07 US US16/057,593 patent/US11297520B2/en active Active
- 2018-08-08 KR KR1020257012776A patent/KR20250057940A/ko active Pending
- 2018-08-08 SG SG11202000163VA patent/SG11202000163VA/en unknown
- 2018-08-08 EP EP18762430.9A patent/EP3665802A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-08-08 BR BR112020002469-4A patent/BR112020002469A2/pt unknown
- 2018-08-08 CN CN202210890225.3A patent/CN115173915B/zh active Active
- 2018-08-08 CN CN201880051068.9A patent/CN111034078B/zh active Active
- 2018-08-08 JP JP2020506771A patent/JP7191933B2/ja active Active
- 2018-08-08 WO PCT/US2018/045854 patent/WO2019032731A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2018-08-08 KR KR1020207003804A patent/KR102801133B1/ko active Active
- 2018-08-09 TW TW107127770A patent/TWI774817B/zh active
- 2018-08-09 TW TW111128539A patent/TWI798142B/zh active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016114917A1 (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2016-07-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for handling channel state information (csi) in ultra low latency (ull) lte |
| JP2018503315A (ja) | 2015-01-12 | 2018-02-01 | クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッドQualcomm Incorporated | 超低遅延(ull)lteにおいてチャネル状態情報(csi)を処理するための技術 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Qualcomm Incorporated,CSI Reporting for Shortened TTI[online],3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #89 R1-1708774,Internet<URL:http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/tsg_ran/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_89/Docs/R1-1708774.zip>,2017年05月06日 |
| Qualcomm Incorporated,Remaining details of DL data channel design[online],3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #91 R1-1720396,Internet<URL:http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/tsg_ran/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_91/Docs/R1-1720396.zip>,2017年11月18日 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111034078A (zh) | 2020-04-17 |
| TWI798142B (zh) | 2023-04-01 |
| WO2019032731A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
| CN115173915A (zh) | 2022-10-11 |
| CN111034078B (zh) | 2022-08-09 |
| TWI774817B (zh) | 2022-08-21 |
| KR20250057940A (ko) | 2025-04-29 |
| CN115173915B (zh) | 2025-07-22 |
| KR20200036868A (ko) | 2020-04-07 |
| JP2020530686A (ja) | 2020-10-22 |
| US11297520B2 (en) | 2022-04-05 |
| TW201921863A (zh) | 2019-06-01 |
| EP3665802A1 (en) | 2020-06-17 |
| BR112020002469A2 (pt) | 2020-07-28 |
| KR102801133B1 (ko) | 2025-04-25 |
| SG11202000163VA (en) | 2020-02-27 |
| US20190053084A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
| TW202247623A (zh) | 2022-12-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7191933B2 (ja) | ショート送信時間区間用のチャネル状態情報報告 | |
| JP7425116B2 (ja) | アップリンク制御チャネルにおける周波数ホッピング | |
| JP7217275B2 (ja) | 基準信号および横取りされたリソースのコリジョンの取り扱い | |
| CN113261234B (zh) | 基于用户设备波束成形能力的同步信号块和物理下行链路控制信道搜索空间监测 | |
| US11234262B2 (en) | Configuration of aperiodic sounding reference signal transmission and triggering | |
| CN111771342B (zh) | 用于针对活动波束的波束报告的方法、装置和介质 | |
| US12426039B2 (en) | Techniques for channel estimation | |
| JP7132245B2 (ja) | 複数の送信時間間隔を伴うシステムのためのチャネル状態情報の報告 | |
| US11595952B2 (en) | Aperiodic channel state information sharing across user equipment | |
| CN113924744B (zh) | 基于设备反馈来确定发射预编码矩阵指示符 | |
| CN111316590A (zh) | 用于发信号通知信道状态信息请求和通信链路事件的技术 | |
| US20190068335A1 (en) | Grant-free uplink communication | |
| JP2020519116A (ja) | チャネル状態情報用の部分帯域構成 | |
| WO2020029157A1 (en) | Feedback prioritization for wireless communications | |
| JP2023134434A (ja) | アップリンク制御チャネル送信のためのユーザ機器シフトランダム化 | |
| CN118648321A (zh) | 层1交叉链路干扰冲突管理 | |
| HK40077156A (zh) | 用於短传输时间间隔的信道状态信息报告 | |
| HK40027507B (en) | Channel state information reporting for short transmission time intervals | |
| HK40027507A (en) | Channel state information reporting for short transmission time intervals |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210719 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20210719 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20220714 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20220725 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20221024 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20221107 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20221207 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7191933 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |