JP7169360B2 - 三次元物体の製造のための装置 - Google Patents
三次元物体の製造のための装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
図8および図9に図示すように、供給管430は、未使用粉末および再循環粉末が混ぜ合わされて同じ入口から送達管440に入るように、再循環管150に連結されうる。これは、送達管440への入口点を最小限にするために有益でありうる。
図10および11に図示するように、戻りスロット210は、過剰な粉末が作業表面170の遠位側に堆積しないようにより広い開口部を有してもよい。さらに、戻りスロット210は、浮遊微小粒子の生成を低減または防止する制御された速度で過剰な粉末を戻りスロット210に容易に収集することができるように、1つ以上の傾斜側面211(すなわち、ホッパーとして形成)を有してもよい。粉末は、単に重力によって戻り管220に供給されてもよい。さらに、粉末の圧縮または詰まりは、有利なことに戻り管220Aの入口で回避されうる。
1つ以上のセンサーを使用して、粉末の異なるパラメータを測定または検出することができる。例えば、パラメータは粉末の量、粉末の温度などを含みうる。パラメータは異なる場所または地点で変化しうるため、三次元物体を製造するための装置のパラメータを制御することが重要である。したがって、粉末再循環システムの異なる地点でのパラメータ測定は、欠点を検出し、またシステムを効率的に制御するためにも有益でありうる。
図14および15に示すように、戻り管220(下部戻り管220B)には、戻り管220内の粉末の温度を所定の閾値レベル内に維持するように、冷却手段C1、C2が備えられていてもよい。冷却は、能動的または受動的な冷却であってもよい。任意のタイプの冷却手段が使用されうる。例えば、図14に示すように、冷却フィンC1が戻り管220の周辺に備えられてもよく、または図15に示すように、冷却ジャケットC2が戻り管220の周りに巻かれてもよい。ただし、冷却手段のタイプはこれらに限定されない。冷却手段は、1つ以上の温度センサーからの入力を受信するコントローラによって制御されてもよい。コントローラは、感知された温度が所定の温度レベルを超えた時にのみ冷却手段を起動するよう構成されうる。
三次元物体(またはその一部)が形成されると、ユーザーは、次の物体のために異なるタイプの粉末を使用したい、または異なるタイプの粉末を使用して三次元物体の異なる部分を形成したいと望む場合がある。こうしたシナリオでは、既存の粉末をシステムから取り除くことが必要となる場合がある。したがって、図16に示すように、粉末を除去するための出口開口部(例えば、スロットまたはその他の開口)、および粉末再循環システムの最も低い点で、またはオーガスクリュー445の上流で、開口部を露出するための手段V1、V2(弁もしくはアクチュエータ操作スイッチ、または摺動機構など)を設けることが有利である。粉末は重力によって流動してもよく、または吸引を用いて粉末を除去してもよい。このようにして、ほとんどの粉末をシステムから除去することができ、システムの外側にある容器に収集することができる。
最初に図17を参照すると、本装置の開発中に、過剰な粉末が再循環管150内に落ち、粉末ダストが生成されうることが見出された。これは、管150が急角度のため、再循環粉末の一部が管150に入る時にかなりの距離を落ちるためである。この大きな落下は、図17の下向き矢印D1によって図示されている。したがって、生成された粉末ダストが、用量ブレード160が回転する時に機械の作業表面170の上の空間/環境中に放出されうる。作業表面170のダストは、可動部品やセンサーにとどまる傾向があり、操作の正確な制御を妨げる。さらに、浮遊するダストは、機械の作業者にとって健康および安全上のリスクとなりうる。
粉末から三次元物体を製造するための装置の粉末再循環システムが、本明細書に記載されている。1つの実施形態によると、送達機構は、粉末再循環経路からの第一の過剰な粉末を粉末貯蔵部に送達する。
Claims (16)
- 粉末から三次元物体を製造するための装置用の粉末再循環システムであって、前記粉末再循環システムが、
粉末タンクに継合された送達経路であって、前記粉末タンクが粉末を貯蔵するように構成される、送達経路と、
前記送達経路の出口に継合された粉末貯蔵部であって、前記送達経路が前記粉末貯蔵部に粉末を送達するための送達機構を備える、粉末貯蔵部と、
粉末を前記粉末貯蔵部から作業表面へ移送するための用量ブレードであって、前記作業表面が造形領域を含み、前記用量ブレードが前記粉末貯蔵部の上部またはその付近に位置する、用量ブレードと、
前記粉末貯蔵部の出口に継合された粉末再循環経路であって、第一の過剰な粉末は、使用時に、特定の量に達した後に前記粉末貯蔵部の出口を通って流れる粉末であり、前記粉末再循環経路が、前記粉末貯蔵部からの前記第一の過剰な粉末を前記送達経路に戻すように構成される、粉末再循環経路と、を備える、
粉末再循環システム。 - 前記送達機構が、前記粉末再循環経路から前記粉末貯蔵部に前記第一の過剰な粉末を送達するように構成される、請求項1に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記粉末再循環経路からの前記第一の過剰な粉末が所定の量を下回る時に、前記送達機構が前記粉末タンクから前記粉末を引き出すように構成される、請求項1または請求項2に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記粉末再循環経路が前記送達経路に継合される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記粉末タンクが前記粉末再循環経路にまず連結されることで前記送達経路に継合され、前記第一の過剰な粉末および前記粉末タンクからの前記粉末が混ぜ合わされて同じ入口から前記送達経路に入る、請求項4に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記送達経路が前記粉末タンクの出口に継合され、前記粉末再循環経路が前記粉末タンクの前記出口の上流の場所で前記送達経路に継合され、前記第一の過剰な粉末を前記粉末タンクの前記出口の上流にある第一の場所で前記粉末貯蔵部から前記送達経路に戻す、請求項4に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記作業表面に供給された前記粉末を前記造形領域にわたり分配するための装置と、
前記造形領域にわたる前記粉末の分配後に第二の過剰な粉末を受け取るように構成される粉末戻り経路であって、前記第二の過剰な粉末を前記送達経路に戻すようにさらに構成される、粉末戻り経路と、をさらに備える、
請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の粉末再循環システム。 - 使用時に、前記粉末戻り経路からの粉末を前記送達経路に入れる場所が、前記粉末再循環経路からの粉末を前記送達経路に入れる場所よりも、送達経路の上流側に位置するように、
かつ、使用時に、前記粉末再循環経路からの粉末を前記送達経路に入れる場所が、前記粉末タンクからの粉末を前記送達経路に入れる場所よりも、送達経路の上流側に位置するように、
前記粉末戻り経路、前記粉末再循環経路、および前記粉末タンクが送達経路に継合される請求項4~6のいずれか一項に従属する請求項7に記載の粉末再循環システム。 - 前記送達経路が前記粉末タンクの出口に継合されており、
前記粉末再循環経路が前記粉末戻り経路に継合されおり、
使用時に、前記第一の過剰な粉末および前記第二の過剰な粉末が前記送達経路に戻される前に混ぜ合わされて同じ入口から前記送達経路に入るように、前記粉末戻り経路が前記粉末タンクの出口の上流にある場所で前記送達経路に継合されている、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に従属する請求項7に記載の粉末再循環システム。 - 前記送達機構が、前記粉末戻り経路からの前記第二の過剰な粉末を前記粉末貯蔵部に送達するように構成される、請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記送達機構が、前記粉末再循環経路からの前記第一の過剰な粉末と前記粉末戻り経路からの前記第二の過剰な粉末が所定の量を下回る時に、前記粉末タンクから前記粉末を引き出すように構成される、請求項7~10のいずれか一項に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記粉末戻り経路が、前記粉末再循環経路からの前記第一の過剰な粉末が前記送達経路に戻される場所の上流で前記第二の過剰な粉末を前記送達経路に戻すように構成される、請求項7又は8に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 粉末から三次元物体を製造するための装置用の粉末再循環システムであって、前記粉末再循環システムが、
粉末タンクに継合された送達経路であって、前記粉末タンクが粉末を貯蔵するように構成される、送達経路と、
前記送達経路の出口に継合された粉末貯蔵部であって、前記送達経路が前記粉末タンクから前記粉末貯蔵部に前記粉末を送達するための送達機構を備える、粉末貯蔵部と、
前記粉末を前記粉末貯蔵部から造形領域を含む作業表面へ移送するための用量ブレードであって、前記作業表面が造形領域を含み、前記用量ブレードが前記粉末貯蔵部の上部またはその付近に位置する、用量ブレードと、
前記作業表面に供給された前記粉末を前記造形領域にわたり分配するための装置と、
前記造形領域にわたる前記粉末の分配後に過剰な粉末を受け取るように構成され、さらに、前記過剰な粉末を前記送達経路に戻し、使用時に、前記粉末タンクよりも前記過剰な粉末の使用を優先するように、前記粉末タンクの上流にある場所で前記送達経路に継合される、粉末戻り経路と、を備える、
粉末再循環システム。 - 前記粉末戻り経路からの前記過剰な粉末が所定の量を下回る時に、前記送達機構が使用時に前記粉末タンクから前記粉末を引き出すように、前記粉末戻り経路が、使用時に前記粉末タンクからの粉末が前記送達経路に入る場所の上流にある場所で前記送達経路に継合される、請求項13に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 前記送達機構が前記粉末戻り経路からの前記過剰な粉末を前記粉末タンクからの前記粉末と混合するように構成される、請求項13または14に記載の粉末再循環システム。
- 請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の粉末再循環システムを備える、三次元物体を造形粉末から製造するための装置。
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