JP7133695B1 - DECORATION, DECORATION MANUFACTURING DEVICE AND DECORATION MANUFACTURING METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a resin material/decorative body that can be manufactured inexpensively and easily, and that can be used for signs outdoors. A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers comprises a flat colored layer having transparency and a flat coloring agent dispersed therein, and a flat coloring agent identical to the flat coloring layer. and an adhesive layer that joins the flat colored layer to the another layer, and in the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion, and the The flat colorant is in the form of flakes, the plurality of layers has a surface portion that is an outer surface perpendicular to the stacking direction of the plurality of layers and a back surface portion that faces the surface portion, and any one of the surface portions Both have an end surface that is an outer surface that is not parallel, the end surface is a mirror surface, the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the end surface is 0.5 or less, and the end surface has a plurality of streak-like streaks. and the end face including the plurality of streaks has an arithmetic mean waviness Wa of 0.05 or more. [Selection drawing] Fig. 19

Description

The present invention relates to a decorative body, a decorative body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decorative body, and a decorative body manufacturing method.

Decorative images using glitter, such as the invention described in Patent Document 1, are known.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 4-124634 [Appendix = Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2019-005965]

In FIG. 20, the thicker the flat colored layer MC and the wider the width of the distribution of the flat coloring agent C in the z-direction, the more the effect of the three-dimensional effect of the flat coloring agent C is improved.
[Additional Note: However, this decorative image uses a paper or the like as a support, has no or weak surface protection, and does not have the strength or weather resistance to stand on its own. ]

However, as the thickness of the decorative body Z increases, its weight increases, and the mounting cost to the wall or the like and the risk of falling increase. The present invention solves this problem. [Additional Note: The present invention may also provide a material/decoration body that can be manufactured inexpensively and easily, and that can be used for sign applications outdoors or the like. ] Note that the decorative body in this specification may include a display body and an optical body.

One aspect of the invention is as follows. Item 1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a flat colored layer in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed in a portion having transparency, and a color different from that of the portion having transparency and a colored surface layer of, in the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion, the maximum length of the flat coloring agent is 0.02 mm or more, and the At least a part of the flat colorant has a maximum length of 5, which is the shortest length of the cross-sectional diameters passing through the midpoint of the maximum length and perpendicular to the direction of the maximum length, passing through the midpoint. the flat colorant is flaky, the colored surface layer has a plurality of portions in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, and a part of the plurality of portions is the A cutout portion that does not contact the outer peripheral portion of the color surface layer at least in part and does not have the color surface layer, the flat colored layer can be observed through the cutout portion, and the decorative body is the above A decorative body, wherein, in a plurality of partial regions divided in a vertical direction, a partial region corresponding to at least a part of the outer peripheral portion of the flat colored layer is narrower than a partial region corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of the colored surface layer. . (See paragraphs 0123-0128, etc.).
[Additional note = Additional note 1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers is a flat colored layer having transparency and in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed, and the flat colored layer and an adhesive layer that joins the flat colored layer to the another layer, and in the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion, and the flat The colorant is flaky, the maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and the maximum length of each of at least a portion of the flat colorant passes through the midpoint of the maximum length. A decoration having a diameter five times or more of the shortest length passing through the midpoint of the cross section orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length and being a plate-like body (see paragraphs 0111 to 0122). ]

The decoration may be as follows. Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein the shape of at least a portion of the flat colored layer in the vertical direction follows the shape of the cutout portion. Item 3: The decoration according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the partial region corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of at least a part of the flat colored layer in the vertical direction includes at least a part of the partial region corresponding to the cutout portion. body. Item 4: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the flat colored layer is plural. Item 5: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the color surface layer has an adhesive layer. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the color surface layer has a luminous transmittance of 30% or less. Item 7: Thickness in the vertical direction of the flat colored layer from the color layer side of the flat colored layer to the opposite side of the colored layer, including the color layer and layers other than the flat colored layer Item 7. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the length is 4 mm or more. Item 8: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the color layer has a thickness of 10 to 400 μm in the vertical direction. Item 9: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the maximum length is 1 mm or more. Item 10: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, which is a plate-like body.
[Additional note = Additional note 2: When at least part of the bonding is chemical diffusion bonding or the bonding part is forcibly separated, the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of at least part of the separated surface is The decorative body according to additional item 1, which is at least one of 1 μm or more. Additional item 3: Additional item 1 or 2, wherein a colored surface layer is provided between the flat colored layer and the separate layer, and the color of the colored surface layer is different from the color of the transparent portion and the adhesive layer. The decorative body described in . Additional Item 4: A colored layer is provided between the flat colored layer and the another layer or at least one of the side opposite to the another layer with respect to the flat colored layer, and the color of the colored layer has the transparency. 3. The decorative body according to additional item 1 or 2, wherein the color of the portion having the adhesive layer and the color of the adhesive layer are different. Supplementary item 5: Supplementary item, having a color surface layer on the opposite side of the separate layer with respect to the flat colored layer, the color of the plurality of color surface layers being different from the color of the transparent portion and the adhesive layer 3. The decorative body according to 1 or 2. Additional Item 6: The decorative body according to Additional Item 1 or 2, which has a colored surface layer on both sides of the flat colored layer, and the color of the colored surface layer is different from the color of the transparent portion and the adhesive layer. . Additional Item 7: Having a plurality of colored layers, the colors of the plurality of colored layers are different from each other, and the colors of the plurality of colored layers are different from the colors of the transmissive portion and the adhesive layer. , Additional item 1 or 2, the decorative body. Additional item 8: The decorative body according to additional item 6 or 7, wherein the plurality of color surface layers overlap each other at least partially in the stacking direction. Additional item 9: The decorative body according to any one of additional items 6 to 8, wherein a part of the plurality of color surface layers has a shape that conforms to the shape of the other part. Additional item 10: The decorative body according to any one of additional items 6 to 9, wherein the plurality of color surface layers have different colors. Additional Item 11: A coating layer is provided on the opposite side of the flat colored layer to the color surface layer on the opposite side of the another layer, the coating layer has transparency, and the coating layer is joined to the flat colored layer The decorative body according to any one of additional items 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10, having an adhesive layer that Additional item 12: The decorative body according to any one of additional items 3 to 11, wherein the color surface layer has an adhesive layer. Additional Item 13: The decorative body according to any one of Additional Items 3 to 12, wherein at least a part of the bonding portion between the color surface layer and the layer bonded to the color surface layer is not chemical diffusion bonding. Additional Item 14: The decorative body according to any one of Additional Items 3 to 13, wherein the range of the bonding surface direction of the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer of the colored layer is narrower than the range of the bonding surface. Additional item 15: The color surface layer is colored and transparent, and the difference in transmittance between wavelengths in the range of 400 to 780 nm in spectral transmittance is 10% or more ・Colored and opaque, and spectral reflectance between wavelengths The difference in reflectance between wavelengths in the range of 400 to 780 nm in is either 10% or more or 10% or less in total light transmittance, and the color layer is a film having a thickness of 10 μm or more in the lamination direction. 15. The decorative body according to any one of additional items 3 to 14, wherein at least one of images, characters, logos, figures, and patterns is displayed depending on the presence or absence of the film-like color surface layer. Additional Item 16: The decorative body according to any one of Additional Items 1 to 15, wherein the separate layer has lower permeability than the permeable portion. Additional Item 17: Having an end face that is part of the interface with the outside, the end face is not parallel to the interface between the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer, and the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer exposed at the end face In at least a part of the boundary including, the depth of unevenness in the direction perpendicular to the end face is 0.8 mm or less, or the maximum height roughness measured perpendicular to the interface between the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer on the end face 17. The decorative body according to any one of additional items 1 to 16, wherein at least one of _Rz is 100 μm or less. Additional item 18: The flat colored layer has at least one of a groove or an end surface that is an interface with the air, the groove has a plurality of side surfaces facing each other, and the end surface is an interface with the air of the decoration any one of additional items 1 to 17, wherein the groove portion or the end surface is not parallel to the interface between the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer, and at least a portion of the side surface or the end surface is a mirror surface. Described decorations. Additional Item 19: The decorative body according to Additional Item 18, wherein the arithmetic average roughness Ra of at least _a portion of the mirror-like surface is 0.5 μm or less. Additional item 20: At least part of the corners of each outer surface is chamfered, and in the chamfered corners, the obliquely shaved corners are at least in the stacking direction or in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction 20. The decorative body according to any one of additional items 1 to 19, wherein the depth of one side or the radius of roundness is 0.05 mm or more. Additional item 21: The decorative body has a surface portion that is part of the outer interface and is perpendicular to the lamination direction, the flat coloring agent can be observed through the surface portion, and the flat colored layer is formed in the groove portion. or at least one of the end faces, the groove is an interface with the air and consists of a plurality of side faces facing each other, the end face is part of the interface with the air of the decoration, the groove or the The absolute value of the angle formed between at least a portion of the side surface or the end surface and a perpendicular or normal line drawn from the at least a portion to the surface including the surface portion is arcsin (1/ n) or less (n is the refractive index of the portion having transparency). Additional item 22: The decoration according to any one of additional items 1 to 21, wherein the refractive index of the adhesive layer is equal to or higher than the refractive index of the transparent portion. Additional Item 23: The decorative body according to any one of Additional Items 1 to 22, wherein the refractive index of the adhesive layer is 0.002 or more greater than the refractive index of the transparent portion. Additional Item 24: Any one of Additional Items 1 to 23, wherein the thickness of the flat colored layer in the stacking direction is 1.4 mm or more, and the thickness of the separate layer in the stacking direction is 0.4 mm or more. The decorative body described in . Additional item 25: The decorative body according to any one of additional items 1 to 24, which has a bending elastic modulus of 1000 MPa or more. Additional item 26: The decoration according to any one of additional items 1 to 25, wherein the surface of the flat colored layer opposite to the adhesive layer is the outermost surface. Additional Item 27: Any one of Additional Items 1 to 25, wherein the refractive index of the adhesive layer is greater than the refractive index of the transparent portion and the non-containing layer, and the difference between the refractive indices is 0.002 or more. Described decorations. ]

[ Additional note = another aspect of the present invention has a spraying part for applying an adhesive to a material and a bonding part for joining a plurality of materials, and the decorative body according to any one of additional items 1 to 26 It is a decoration manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing. Further, a decorative body manufacturing method for manufacturing the decorative body according to any one of additional items 1 to 26, comprising a spraying step of applying an adhesive to a material and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials. . Still another aspect is a building/structure/vehicle and an electronic device comprising the decoration. ]

[ Appendix= Another aspect of the present invention is as follows. Item 01: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a flat colored layer having transparency and in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed, and one of the flat colored layers having transparency and an adhesive layer for bonding the flat colored layer to another layer, wherein in the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion. , the maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and in at least a part of the flat colorant, each maximum length passes through the midpoint of the maximum length and extends in the direction of the maximum length A decoration having a diameter of at least 5 times the shortest length passing through the midpoint among the diameters of cross sections perpendicular to each other. The decorative body according to Item 01 may further include the features of any one of Items 2 to 13 or Items 15 to 23 above. ]

The decorative body Z is lightened.
[Additional Note: The decorative body according to the present invention has high durability and designability. ]

A diagram showing a configuration example of a decoration manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment, etc. Flowchart example of decoration manufacturing method according to first embodiment etc. Cross-sectional view of an example of the groove portion of the decorative body according to the first and second embodiments, etc. Cross-sectional view showing an example of an optical path when reflection occurs on the side A diagram showing a configuration example of a decoration manufacturing apparatus according to a third embodiment, etc. Flowchart example of decoration manufacturing method according to third embodiment etc. Perspective view and cross-sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the third embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the fourth embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the fifth embodiment Perspective view and cross-sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the sixth embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the seventh embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the eighth embodiment Cross-sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the ninth embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the tenth embodiment Sectional view of another example of the decorative body according to the tenth embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the eleventh embodiment Front view and cross-sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the twelfth embodiment Side view of an example of a decorative body according to the thirteenth embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the fourteenth embodiment Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the fifteenth embodiment

<<1st Embodiment>>
Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, an example of the configuration and operation of the decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 according to the first embodiment and the like will be described. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 includes, for example, a grooving section 43, a filling material preparation section 44, a filling processing section 45, and a coating processing section 46. As shown in FIG. The decoration manufacturing method according to the first embodiment includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a grooving step S43, a filling material preparation step S44, a filling processing step S45, and a coating processing step S46. In this specification, A "includes" B does not exclude the case where A does not include anything other than B. The order of each part or each step can be changed. Each part or each step may include other parts or steps. Each part or part of each step may be repeated or omitted. Other known processes such as cleaning and polishing may be added as appropriate.

The groove processing unit 43 acquires the material plate 20 or the like, and grooves are formed in the material plate 20 by a laser processing unit 431 or an apparatus that performs known processing such as cutting, mold processing, injection molding, water cutting, wire cutting, and 3D printing. G is formed (S43). The groove portion G may have an opening O on at least one side of the front surface portion F of the material plate 20 or the rear surface portion R opposite thereto. In this specification and the like, for example, the surface portion F side is described, but this XX side indicates the direction of XX in terms of the positional relationship between XX and another portion facing XX. The opening O is in contact with the front face F in FIG. 3A, but is located near the front face F and opposite to the back face R with respect to the z-direction center of the decoration Z in FIG. 3B. In this specification and the like, these are collectively described as "the surface portion F side". The filling material preparation unit 44 obtains the filling material 21, and measures, mixes and stirs (S44). The filling material 21 may be off-the-shelf. The filling processing unit 45 fills the groove portion G with the filling material 21 (S45). For example, the filling processing unit 45 wipes off the unnecessary filling material 21 adhering to the portion other than the groove G of the material plate 20 or covers the portion other than the groove G so that the filling material 21 protrudes from the opening O. can be prevented. The filling material 21 in the groove G hardens and becomes the filling portion L. As shown in FIG. The coating processing unit 46 may bond another material plate 20 to the opening O side of the groove G as shown in FIG. 3B to form a coating T, thereby sealing the groove G (S46). The front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R of the decorative body Z having the covering portion T are the exposed outer surfaces after the covering portion T is adhered. Further, the front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R can be reversed to each other as shown in the above-described opening portion O and FIG.

The material plate 20 becomes the base material portion M, the flat colored layer MC, and the like in the decorative body Z after processing. Although the base material portion M and the flat colored layer MC are the same, the base material portion M may not contain the flat colorant C for convenience of explanation of the optical path and the like. Although the material plate 20 is not particularly limited, ABS, cellulose acetate, epoxy (EP), melamine, polyamide, polycarbonate (PC), phenol, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide, PLA, acrylic (PMMA) or (Meth)acrylate, polyolefin, polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), silicone (SI), urea, unsaturated polyester (UP), vinyl ester (VE), etc. A plate-like body made of various resins, glass, or the like may also be used. When the decorative body according to the present invention is installed outdoors or the like, it is desirable that it can stand on its own, is resistant to bending, and is resistant to damage. Therefore, if the material plate 20 is made of resin, it may be made of hard resin. A hard resin is a resin having a flexural modulus of more than 700 MPa as described in JIS K 7161-1 or the like. The bending elastic modulus of the soft resin is 700 MPa or less. The base material part M and the decoration Z may be even less deformable, and their bending elastic modulus is preferably 1,000 or more, more preferably 1,500 or more, still more preferably 2,000 or more, and still more preferably 2,500 to 3,000 or more. , preferably 20,000 or less, more preferably 10,000 or less, and even more preferably 5,000 or less in terms of resistance to cracking and workability. For example, commercially available PMMA plates meet these conditions. The material plate 20 may be made of a material other than resin and satisfy these conditions. The flexural modulus is measured in units of MPa, basically according to the method described in JIS K 7171/K 7203, ISO 178, or the like. The test piece for measurement should originally be made according to the shape and dimensions specified by the above standards. However, it may be difficult to prepare a test piece according to the above standard from each part of the actual decorative body Z. In such unavoidable cases, the measured value may be a measured value by an approximate measuring method, or a measured value or a nominal value published by the manufacturer for the same or similar product as the material plate 20 in question. In addition, the method of measuring numerical values in this specification is in principle in accordance with the corresponding descriptions of the latest version of JIS and ISO at the time of filing of the present invention, and does not conform to the provisions of the JIS, etc., and is not described in this specification. Matters conform to the common general technical knowledge as of the filing of the present invention. The same applies to other measurement items below. For the measurement, a measuring device such as a universal testing machine such as AG-100kNXplus manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation is used. In general, the higher the flexural modulus of the base material portion M, the lower the flexibility, and the easier it is to separate from the filling portion L due to an impact or the like. However, for indoor use or the like, the material plate 20 may be in the form of a film, and its flexibility, flexural modulus, etc. are not limited.

In the decorative body Z according to the present invention, the substrate portion M, the flat colored layer MC, etc. may have transparency when both side surfaces or one side surface S of the groove portion G needs to be seen through. However, when suppression of peeling of the groove portion G is an issue, the purpose of preventing the groove portion G from coming off is also included, so the base portion M does not have to have transparency. Transmittance is optical transparency, and it is colorless and transparent (having transparency to the entire visible light range) and colored transparency (transmitting a part of the visible light band and another band). Including both. The total light transmittance (JIS K 7375, partly ISO 13468-1, etc., but the sample may be chromatic) of the base material portion M and the side surface S is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more. It is more preferably 85% or more and even more preferably 90% or more. The upper limit may be 100%. In the case of colored and transparent, the difference in transmittance between wavelengths within the range of 400 to 780 nm in spectral transmittance (preceding numerical value to post numerical value, the same shall apply hereinafter) is preferably 10% or more. It is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 40% or more (in the case of colored opaque, the difference in spectral reflectance between wavelengths is the same. The image on the other side of the plate is not observed.If the plate is opaque, the total light transmittance is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 5% or less.). The upper limit may be 100%, but may exceed 100% in the case of fluorescent colors. In addition, the transmittance at some wavelengths may be preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more. These conditions may be applied to the filling portion L, the color surface layer U, the color band portion K, the liquid filling portion Q, the tip filling portion N, the color film H, and the like. Thermoplastic resins may be used for ease of additional processing, and amorphous resins may be used for transparency and dimensional accuracy. However, although PET is a crystalline resin, it is similar to an amorphous resin in that it generally has a high transmittance due to its low degree of crystallinity. The spectral transmittance may be measured by a spectrophotometer such as SolidSpec 3700DUV manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, or by a request test. In this specification, the term “testing requested” refers to testing requested by the Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Center. If the test piece is too small for measurement, a visual comparison with a reference test piece may be used. Also, in this specification, the upper and lower limits of the numerical range may not be particularly defined because higher performance materials and processing methods may be developed. In some cases, the decorative body Z should have low light diffusion, so the haze (JIS K 7136 or ISO 14782, etc.) of the base material portion M and the side surface S is preferably 0 to 5%, more preferably 0 to 2. % · more preferably 0 to 1%. The total light transmittance and haze may be measured using a haze meter such as NDH 5000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., or may be a request test. In this specification, color includes optical or visual factors such as hue, saturation, brightness, transmittance, haze, refractive index, and reflectance. Even if the two materials that are bonded are both colorless and transparent, if the refractive index and the like are different and the bonded portions are identifiable, the colors are different from each other.

The thickness of the material plate 20, the base material M, and the decorative body Z is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 mm to 30 mm due to the ease of acquisition and processing, and 0.5 mm or more and 0.2 mm or more, including thin films. , or 100 mm or less. The thickness can be measured with a vernier caliper or the like. In many cases, the depth dG of the groove G is preferably about 50% to 90% of the thickness of the material plate 20 in terms of strength, cost effectiveness, and the like. In the case of fineness, the depth dG may be 0.4 mm or 0.1 mm or more. If it is less than that, peeling due to temperature change or the like is reduced. The groove portion G may have a length in the y direction of FIG. 3, for example. The width w of the groove portion G may be 0.2 mm or more, 0.1 mm or more, 0.01 mm or more, 1 mm or less, or 0.6 mm or less. When the plurality of grooves G are parallel to each other, the pitch may be 0.1 mm or more, or 0.5 mm or more. In the case of laser processing, particularly CO ₂ laser processing, the depth dG or pitch of the grooves G may be 1 mm or more, 2 mm or more, 3 mm or more, 4 mm or more, 5 mm or more, or 6 mm or more, depending on the processing limit. When YAG, fiber, excimer, ruby, or other various lasers are used, the groove G may be shallower. The depth dG is the length in the direction perpendicular to the surface portion F. Width w is the length of the largest portion of groove G in a direction parallel to surface F and perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of groove G. As shown in FIG. The width w is often the width of the opening O in the wedge-shaped groove G. The width of the tip portion of the wedge-shaped groove portion G is narrow enough to be ignored with respect to the width w. The wedge-shaped groove G is recognized as wedge-shaped if the deviation between the side surface S and the design standard shape (complete plane when the length direction of the groove G is straight) is 1/10 or less of the width w. be done. That is, a difference in unevenness up to 1/5 of the width w is allowed. The depth dG/width w may be preferably 2 or more, more preferably 4 or more, even more preferably 8 or more, and even more preferably 10 or more. The width w, depth dG, pitch, and the thickness of each part described later are the number of pixels of the scanned image of the test piece with a flatbed scanner (such as GT-X980 manufactured by Seiko Epson Corporation) with a main scanning optical resolution of 4000 dpi or more. can be measured from Maximize auto sharpness when scanning. It is desirable that the test piece is processed as necessary so that the measurement portion is in close contact with the scan glass surface. Measurement in the central portion in the main scanning direction is desirable in order to reduce optical distortion. This measurement may be performed by a tool microscope measuring machine such as TUM-220EH manufactured by Topcon Co., Ltd., a multi-sensor such as O-INSPECT 543 manufactured by Carl Zeiss, a laser measuring machine such as Smart Scope Vantage 300 manufactured by OGP, or a request test. . The depth dG and the like of the test piece that cannot be broken or moved can be roughly estimated from the photographed images of the test piece and a ruler. Moreover, the decorative body Z may be a planar plate-like body, and may be in various shapes such as a curved surface, a spherical shape, a cubic shape, a columnar shape, and a polygonal columnar shape, and the size thereof is also free. The decoration body Z may be bent by the coating processing unit 46 or the like. The decorative body Z may be wedge-shaped and the front surface portion F may not be parallel to the rear surface portion R.

The groove processing section 43 may process the groove section G based on the data of the image 30 such as characters, logos, graphics, and patterns. The decorative body Z thus manufactured may display at least one of images, characters, logos, figures, and patterns. Of the dihedral angles formed by the side surfaces S on both sides of the groove G, the angle on the groove side is defined as a groove wedge angle θG. When the groove portion G is formed by the laser-processed portion 431, it is often wedge-shaped as shown in FIG. 3a, and may be 0<θG≦10 (°). When a low output CO ₂ laser processing machine of about 10 W such as ULS Co., Ltd. processes a complicated curved groove portion G with a depth of 1 mm in a PMMA plate, θG may be 9 to 10°. There are cases where θG≦7 or θG≦5 (°) depending on the model and processing conditions. By laser processing, a fine groove portion G having a high aspect ratio can be processed at low cost. The laser-processed portion 431 may be processed by helical processing or the like to form a groove portion G that is not wedge-shaped but has θG of approximately 0 and side surfaces S on both sides are parallel (FIG. 3B). That is, |θG|≧0 (°) may be satisfied. A surface that either bisects the dihedral angle formed by both side surfaces S of the wedge-shaped groove G, or is parallel to and equidistant from both parallel side surfaces S of the groove G. Make it a bisecting face. The bisected surface may be flat or curved, and is parallel to the longitudinal direction of each part of the groove G. When each part of the bisected surface is perpendicular to the surface portion F (or the rear surface portion R), it is described that the groove portion G is perpendicular to the surface portion F (or the rear surface portion R). The groove G may or may not be perpendicular to the surface F. The angle formed by them may be constant in each part of the decoration Z, or may be plural. For example, in the workpiece processed by the galvano-type laser processing unit 431, the angle is different in each part, and the extension of a plurality of intersection lines between the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of each part of the groove part G and the bisected surface of the groove part G is one point. (However, if the deviation of the angle of viewing the one point from each part of the groove G is 10° or less, or if it is 5° or less or 2° or less, it is within the range of error.). Note that the bisecting plane is a virtual plane and does not exist in the actual groove portion G, so it is not illustrated. In the present invention, the width and length are different from each other, and the description is centered on the groove G having a bisected surface with an area. Various shapes such as truncated cone and pyramid may be used. Some or all of the operation of the grooving portion 43 and the features of the substrate portion M and the groove portion G may be common to many of the following embodiments.

The filling material preparation unit 44 may mix and stir the filling material 21 such as the vehicle colorant V, the coloring agent Co, and the dispersing agent D. In this specification, both before and after mixing are referred to as the filling material 21 . The vehicle V may also serve as the coloring agent Co and may become the filler material 21 without coloring. Otherwise, the color of the vehicle V is preferably colorless and transparent or white in terms of ease of coloring and good color development. The colorant Co may be an organic pigment made of an organic compound or an inorganic pigment made of an inorganic compound. The refractive index varies depending on the color and type of the pigment, and the suitable refractive index of the vehicle V also varies as described later. After the base material portion M and the coloring agent Co are determined according to the application, processing method, desired color, decorative effect to be achieved, etc. of the decorative body Z, the colorant V is selected from their refractive indices and the like. may

The vehicle V may be made of one or more of the above resins, but in the present embodiment, a thermosetting resin is particularly suitable because of the ease with which the grooves G can be filled. The vehicle V may contain a thermosetting resin together with a thermoplastic resin in a proportion that does not interfere with the curing thereof. When the base material portion M is made of a hard resin, the filling portion L is easily separated from the base material portion M. In particular, if the filling portion L and the base portion M have different coefficients of linear expansion, peeling often occurs due to repeated temperature changes. Therefore, if the filling portion L can follow expansion and contraction and impact of the base material portion M, it becomes difficult to separate. For this purpose, the tensile elongation of the filling portion L is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, and still more preferably 50% or more. The larger the numerical value, the more easily the filling portion L is deformed, so that the effect of preventing separation due to the difference in coefficient of linear expansion between the filling portion L and the base material portion M is improved. The tensile elongation rate is the ratio of the elongation of the test piece to the length of the test piece when the test piece breaks due to tension. The tensile elongation of the filling portion L is preferably 3 times or more, more preferably 5 times or more, still more preferably 6 times or more, 8 times or more, and still more preferably 10 times or more of the tensile elongation of the base portion M.・15 times or more ・20 times or more is acceptable. The larger the numerical value, the more the filling part L can follow the elongation of the base material part M when an impact is applied, and the more the impact can be absorbed. improves. Alternatively, the difference obtained by subtracting the tensile elongation of the base portion M from the tensile elongation of the filling portion L is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 20% or more, still more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 40% or more. It's okay.

The method of measuring the tensile elongation is based on JIS K7161 and related standards, but it is often difficult to measure the filling portion L of each decorative body Z as specified. The shape of the test piece is preferably JIS K 7127 test piece type 2, but generally, when the filling part L is peeled off or scraped off from the decoration Z to form a test piece, the shape does not conform to the standard. . In particular, as shown in FIG. 3a, in the groove G having a wedge-shaped cross section perpendicular to the length direction (y direction) of the groove G, the thickness (length in the x direction) of the tip portion of the filling portion L is Because it is smaller than the thickness of , it often splits from the wedge-shaped tip when pulled. The same applies to the portion where the opening O is concave and has a sharp shoulder. Since the original value cannot be measured in this way, if the thickness of the filling portion L taken out from the decoration Z differs in the depth direction of the groove portion G, the length of the filling portion L in the z direction is the maximum in the x direction. One or both sides of the filling portion L in the z direction are cut so as to be 90 to 100% of the length to obtain a test piece. Since the longer the length of each, the better, the part close to the opening O and excluding the recessed part is preferred. This makes the difference in length in the x direction relatively small. For shaping, an ultrashort pulse laser of picosecond or femtosecond or less can be used because the thermal effect on the specimen is negligible. In addition, in the filling portion L formed by CO ₂ laser processing or the like, there is unevenness at the wedge-shaped tip portion, and there are unevenness near the tip of the side surface S and on the opening O side, but this is also removed, and the shape of the test piece is derived. measurement error is reduced. A saw cutter can also be used. However, the surface parallel to the y-direction of the test piece shall have _Rz less than 50. The length of the test piece is preferably 50 mm or more. The chucking width is preferably 10 mm or more. The distance between chucks is preferably 115 mm, but if that is not possible, it is preferably 30 mm or more. Chucking from both sides in the z-direction of FIG. 3a is preferred. The test speed is 5 mm/min with a tolerance of ±20%. A test piece of the base material portion M to be compared is similarly shaped and measured. The difference in size of the test piece between the base portion M and the filling portion L is preferably less than 10% of the larger one. The tensile elongation rate is [increase in length of chuck at break due to tension]/[length of chuck before tension] under the above conditions. If yielding occurs before rupture, it is measured at yield. This test can be performed by AG-100kNXplus, AG-10TD manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, or the like, and may be a request test. If the tensile elongation is different for each test piece or for each part, the average is used as the measured value. The number of specimens is preferably 5 or more, but may be the maximum number possible. It is preferable that the bisected surface of the filling portion L, which is the test piece, is flat in the longitudinal direction of the groove portion G, and if it is a curved surface, it is preferably close to a flat surface. In this way, it should be noted that there is a high possibility that the measured value will be lower than the original value if it is necessary to measure without satisfying the conditions stipulated in the standard due to the circumstances of the decorative body Z. be. In other words, there is a possibility that the tensile elongation rate is measured as a value smaller than the original value due to the filling portion L breaking from the uneven portion. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures such as increasing the number of tests as much as possible and excluding outliers that are extremely far from the average. That is, a provisional average value is derived from a plurality of measured values belonging to the first to third quartiles in a distribution map in which a plurality of measured values are arranged in numerical order, and the provisional average value of 75 to 125 Further average values are calculated only from the measured values in the % range.

Ordinary thermosetting resins are hard resins, are highly brittle, and have little elongation, so they cannot satisfy the above conditions. For example, UP for casting has excellent transmittance, but has a tensile elongation of 5% or less. On the other hand, the tensile elongation of PMMA is also about 5%. Therefore, the filling portion L made of ordinary UP or the like cannot follow expansion and contraction and impact of the base portion M made of PMMA, and is likely to separate due to accumulation of interfacial stress and internal breakdown. Plasticizers are effective for thermoplastic resins, but cannot be added to general thermosetting resins. However, some special types of caulking and sealing materials for waterproofing that require elasticity, such as elastomers such as TPC (TPEE), and thermosetting resins such as UP, VE, epoxy acrylate, and EP, It exhibits a very large tensile elongation of 50 to 200%. The inventors of the present invention have found that if the resin is the vehicle colorant V, the filling portion L is less likely to peel off. In addition, infrared spectrophotometer / near-infrared analyzer (specific equipment names are FT / IR-6100 manufactured by JASCO Corporation or FT / IR-670 Plus · Thermo Scientific Nicolet 6700 manufactured by Blanc Roubaix 450LR), etc., can measure the infrared absorption spectrum of the filling portion L and the like. By comparing the measured data with the data of known materials, the type of resin such as Vehicle V can be identified.

Thermosetting elastomers (or resins) such as SI, PU, and fluorine exhibit a particularly large tensile elongation. However, these materials usually have a low refractive index, and as described later, depending on the refractive index of the base material M and the line of sight angle, they may cause total reflection, so they may not be suitable for the vehicle V. In addition, these tend to have a large coefficient of linear expansion and tack. When the coefficient of linear expansion of the filling portion L is not extremely larger than that of the base portion M, the filling portion L is less likely to apply stress to the base portion M at high temperatures. Therefore, the tensile elongation of the filling portion L may be preferably 1000% or less, more preferably 500% or less, and even more preferably 300% or less. The tensile elongation of the filling part L may be preferably 200 times or less, more preferably 100 times or less, and even more preferably 50 times or less of the tensile elongation of the base material part M. The filling portion L may be made of a thermosetting resin other than at least one of SI, PU, and fluorine. However, a mixed resin of SI/PU/fluororesin and UP or the like is useful due to the variability of the refractive index and tensile elongation.

The problem of this embodiment may be prevention of peeling of the interface that occurs in the decorative body Z. FIG. Consider the cause of this peeling phenomenon. (1) When each part of the decorative body Z expands and contracts due to temperature changes outdoors, etc., since the base material part M and the filling part L have different coefficients of linear expansion, residual stress accumulates each time expansion and contraction occurs, or the interface is sheared. Force works, and eventually it peels off. This is often seen near the ends of the groove G. (2) If the base material portion M has a relatively high water absorbency, the surface portion F and the back surface portion R of the base material portion M absorb rainwater and swell, but the interior does not swell, so the decoration Z as a whole is distorted. occurs or warps. A similar phenomenon occurs due to the temperature difference between the surface and the inside of the decorative body Z when the temperature rises and falls. As a result, a shearing force is applied mainly in the depth direction of the groove portion G, and the interface becomes unbearable, resulting in peeling at each portion. (3) When the side of the opening O is exposed as shown in FIG. 3a, the side of the opening O of the base material M opens and closes due to changes in temperature and humidity. That is, the groove wedge angle of the base material portion M changes. Axial force is applied to the filling portion L and the interface in the width direction, but there is a limit to expansion and contraction in the width direction, so separation occurs. (4) The decorative body Z may be installed in an indoor public space such as a commercial facility, and even in such cases, there are many vibrations and collisions in places where many people and luggage come and go. When internal forces in various directions, including bending moment and torsional moment, are applied to the interface of each part due to impact, the interface separates and absorbs the impact. In this way, the interfacial stress received by the decorative body Z is determined in (1) the length (y) direction, (2) the depth (z) direction, (3) the width (x) direction, and (4) the multidirectional , and they are thought to combine to bring about interfacial delamination. Increasing the tensile elongation of the filling portion L is effective in improving resistance to interfacial stress in (1) to (4), and is particularly effective in improving impact resistance in (4).

Filler portion L can be considered an adhesive that adheres itself to substrate portion M. FIG. The bonding strength of the interface may exceed the tensile strength of the filling portion L. In other words, the peeling of the filling portion L causes the color of the groove portion G to disappear over a wide area, and furthermore, since the portion totally reflects light, it looks white and is an eyesore. On the other hand, the rupture of the filling portion L (the cross section of which is perpendicular to the length direction or depth direction of the groove portion G) is usually a very thin streak, and the crack portion is dark because light does not reach it. , almost invisible. Therefore, it can be said that breakage has less adverse effect on the decorativeness of the decorative body Z than peeling. Further, when the base material portion M expands in the width direction of the groove portion G, if the filling portion L is broken into two portions at the bisecting plane and the two portions are still joined to the side surfaces S on both sides, Avoids peeling. Therefore, in some cases, when the filling portion L cannot follow the deformation of the base portion M, it is desirable to avoid peeling by breaking. For that purpose, the adhesive strength of the filling portion L should be equal to or higher than the tensile strength of the filling portion L. This corresponds to a comparison between the stress (N) applied to peeling of the filling portion L and the stress (N) applied to tensile breaking of the filling portion L. FIG. Specifically, this measurement is performed as follows. The base material portion M on the side of the bottom surface portion B and, if necessary, the opening portion O side is cut so that the decorative body Z is fixed and separated into both sides with the side surface S as a boundary. It is necessary to perform processing so that stress during processing is not applied to the filling portion L as much as possible. Next, the substrate portion M is separated on both sides, and if the filling portion L is torn to both substrate portions M here, the adhesive strength is greater than the tensile strength. Alternatively, the tester can pinch the gripped portion with his/her fingers and pull it at an angle of approximately 90°, and examine whether the filled portion L can be peeled off without being cut to the end or whether it can be cut in the middle.

For the long-term durability of the decorative body Z, it is desirable that the vehicle V, the coloring agent Co, etc. are chemically stable and have high light resistance. Depending on the type of coloring agent Co and the ratio of the coloring agent Co in the filling portion L, the density, transmittance, and degree of color development of the groove portion G change. The weight ratio of the coloring agent Co to the filling material 21 before the filling operation is usually 0.1 to 20%, preferably 0.5 to 10%. Depending on the specific gravity of the coloring agent Co with respect to the agent V and the desired visual effect, other materials may be used. The filling material preparation unit 44 pulverizes the aggregated colorant Co by a roll mill, ball mill, bead mill, or the like to make finer particles, and further, by stirring or mixing the dispersant D, etc., to sufficiently disperse it in the vehicle V. may However, this is not the case when an effect other than the smooth and transparent coloring is required, such as a rough texture due to the colorant Co having a large particle size. Dispersant D is a known metal soap containing zinc, aluminum, potassium, calcium, sodium, barium, magnesium, lithium, etc., such as stearic acid soap, hydroxystearic acid soap, behenic acid soap, montanic acid soap, and lauric acid soap. It may be appropriately selected from the group according to suitability with the colorant V and the colorant Co, and the mixing ratio and the like may be determined. Although the dispersant D is independent in FIG. 3B for convenience of illustration, in practice, it often covers the colorant Co as a film of fatty acid or the like. Instead of a combination of a normal pigment or the like and a dispersant D, an easily dispersed colorant Co or a dispersed paint or the like may be used. In addition, the filling material blending unit 44 and the filling processing unit 45 work together to gradually change the blending of the coloring agent Co during the processing of one decorative body Z, thereby gradually changing the color of the plurality of grooves G in a gradation manner. , or the color may be changed in a gradation from one part of each groove G to another part. Also, air bubbles can be suppressed by depressurizing at the time of filling or the like.

The material plate 20 for the covering portion T is preferably colorless and transparent and has a high total light transmittance or visible light transmittance, but it may be colored and transparent depending on the application. The covering portion T may be omitted. For simplicity, the covering portion T may be a thin adhesive soft film such as PET having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less. For long-term use, a plate-like covering T is preferably joined. The plate-like covering portion T not only makes the decorative body Z less likely to break, but also suppresses the expansion and contraction of the base material portion M in the width direction of the groove portion G, thereby preventing peeling caused by the above (3). It is preferable that the planar plate-shaped covering portion T is made of the same, the same kind, or similar material as the base portion M and is thinner because the material plate 20 on the side having the groove portion G has the same physical properties. For example, a cast plate of PMMA and an extruded plate of PMMA are not the same material, but both are made of PMMA and belong to the same class among the various resins described above, so they are of the same type. Further, if rigid PVC and PMMA have similar coefficients of linear expansion and can be welded by the same solvent, they are similar in that respect. In some cases, it is clear from the difference in level of 0.01 mm or more, 0.03 mm or more, or 0.1 mm or more that occurs on the end face X of the decorative body Z that the covering portion T is joined. The covering section 46 and the like may print on the covering section T, the base material section M, the color surface layer U, and the like using a UV printer or the like. Pre-printed materials may be used for these.

The filling portion L has a color different from that of the base portion M and the covering portion T due to the inclusion of the coloring agent Co. Any of the hue, saturation, lightness, total light transmittance, and visible light transmittance may clearly differ between the colors of the plurality of portions of the decoration Z. FIG. In terms of hue, when comparing multiple colors, if the near side of the Munsell color wheel (D65, transmission or reflection) is separated by 25 to 50 steps, it can be clearly distinguished from another color, and if it is 35 to 50 steps, any of the main primary colors can be distinguished. This corresponds to the difference in hue between these colors, and 45 to 50 are close to complementary colors, so the colors are clearly different. Or if the angle on the small side where the colors are separated in the H value of the HSV color space is 90 to 180°, it can be clearly distinguished from another color, and if it is 120 to 180°, it is one of the primary colors of the RGB system or the CMY system. , and 150 to 180 degrees are close to complementary colors, so they are also different. In terms of saturation, although it depends on the hue, if the difference between multiple colors is 4 or more in chroma in the Munsell color system (D65), the color is clearly different, and if it is 6 or more, 8 or more, the color is clearly different. different. In lightness, if the difference between a plurality of colors is 3 or more, the color is clearly different, and if it is 4 or more or 5 or more, it is more clearly different. When they are combined, they are even more distinctly different. Alternatively, the color difference in ΔE ^* _ab (CIE1976) may be preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, still more preferably 40 or more. For these colorimetry, for example, a spectrophotometer such as CM-5 manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd. or a color difference meter such as CR-5 is used. may be used in combination with visual comparison. In terms of total light transmittance, the colors are clearly different when the difference between a plurality of colors is 40% or more, and more clearly different when the difference is 60% or more and 80% or more. In the case of the spectral visible light transmittance, the above difference is sufficient for some wavelengths. Depending on the desired effect, one part of the decoration Z may differ from the other part by a measurement narrower than the above range.

In addition to the above, the introduction of the present embodiment is desirable for the decorative body Z that satisfies the following conditions because of its difficult peelability. However, even if these conditions are not satisfied, application of the present embodiment is effective. Disregarding environmental factors, the peeling of the groove portion G can be said to be a problem peculiar to the case where the filling portion L is made of a difficult-to-adhere resin or the like. Furthermore, if the surface (side surface S) of the base material portion M is a rough surface, the adhesion is stronger. If the groove portion G is shallow and has a narrow width, the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction between the filling portion L and the base portion M due to temperature change is small, so peeling is less likely to occur. If the groove wedge angle of the groove G is sufficiently large, the paint adheres to each of the plurality of side surfaces on both sides of the groove, and since there is a gap between them, there is no peeling from both sides due to tension. Therefore, the present invention does not necessarily have to be applied. Even if the groove wedge angle is small, if the vehicle V or the like is applied only to the side surface S of the groove G and if the center of the groove G is a gap, the gap will be generated when the base material M expands and contracts in the width direction of the groove G. may act as a cushion to prevent exfoliation. However, if there are no gaps in the groove portion G as shown in FIG. 3 and almost the entire groove portion G is the filled portion L, the base portion M expands and when the wedge angle of the groove portion opens in the width direction, the elongation of the groove portion G causes the filling portion to expand. If the elongation of the portion L is exceeded, the peeling occurs. The present invention is particularly required when the substrate portion M has a relatively low wetting tension, the side surface S is smooth, the groove portion G is deep, and the groove wedge angle is small. Furthermore, one of the conditions is that the transmittance of the substrate portion M is high enough to allow the side surface S to be seen through the substrate portion M.

More specifically, in the following cases, the filling portion L is likely to peel off, or the peeling is likely to be conspicuous, and this embodiment exhibits a remarkable effect. 1. The groove G has no voids. 2. The linear expansion coefficients (JIS K 7197, etc.) of the base material portion M and the filling portion L differ by 10% or more, or 5% or more, whichever is greater. 3. The base material M is a hard-to-bond material such as PE, PMMA, PP, or PS. 4. The arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of the side surface S is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.25 or less, and the maximum height roughness _Rz is preferably 4 or less, more preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, the lower limit is the measurement limit (JIS B 0601 or ISO 4287, etc., unit is μm, the cutoff λc is usually 0.08 mm due to unevenness described later, and the pitch of unevenness is particularly large 0.25 mm may be used.The same applies to the reference length lr.The cutoff λs may be the minimum or 2.5 μm.It can be measured with a surface roughness measuring instrument such as TALYSURF2 manufactured by Taylor-Hobson.) . Even when the side surface S satisfies the above values of total light transmittance and haze, it is smooth and easily peeled off. 5. The depth dG is mm order or more, for example 5 mm or more. The deeper the groove G, the greater the amount of displacement due to temperature changes and the like between the opening O side and the opposite side, and the interface stress also increases. Since the decoration Z with the deep groove G generally has large sizes in the x and y directions, the interfacial stress in the longitudinal direction of the groove G becomes large, and as a result, the problem that did not occur with the decoration with the shallow and short groove becomes apparent. do. 6. The side surface S of the base material portion M is affected by heat. 7. The small angle formed by the side surface S with the normal or normal to the surface portion F or the back surface portion R of the decoration Z is 90-2 arcsin (1/n _M ) or less (n _M is the base portion M refractive index).

The above 3 and 4 relate to the adhesiveness between the base material portion M and the filling portion L. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are features seen in the groove portion G formed by laser processing. In particular, in the cutting process using a CO ₂ laser, the cut surface, that is, the side surface S is heated by infrared rays to melt and harden after cooling. As a result, the side surface S becomes smooth as shown at 4, and is therefore less adhesive than the machined surface. In addition, on the side surface S, a plurality of linear unevenness parallel to the length direction of the groove G, which is considered to be due to the flow of the molten resin, and a laser beam perpendicular to the unevenness or at an angle of 70° to 110° therewith. In many cases, a plurality of undulations reflecting the pulse of the current is formed. The latter varies depending on the laser output, speed, frequency, etc., but is usually 50 to 2000 μm, often 100 to 1200 μm, typically 200 to 700 μm pitch, and near the tip of the groove G, the arithmetic mean waviness W _a or the maximum height Waviness W _z is preferably 0.3 to 16, more preferably 0.5 to 8, still more preferably 1 to 4, still more preferably 2 to 4 (JIS B 0601, etc.). These may be 16 or more, but at most have a width w or less than half of it. Depending on the pitch, the cutoff λc may be 0.08, 0.25 mm, or 0.025 mm if the uneven pitch is small. The latter is 1/20 to 10 times, or 1/10 to 3 times, sometimes 1/5 to 1 times the width w, and 1/4000 to 1/20 times, or 1/2000 to 1/50 times.・Sometimes the depth may be 1/1000 to 1/100 times. The former and the latter may be in the same range as the depth/pitch of the other. In both cases, the height of the unevenness may be preferably 1 to 40 μm, more preferably 2 to 20 μm, still more preferably 4 to 10 μm. The pitch of the asperities may be the arithmetic mean of the peak-to-peak distances of the periodic asperities appearing in the analytical curve of the surface waviness measurement, with a cutoff λc that is 10 ^1/2 times or 10 times greater than the analysis of the waviness measurement. good too. 7 is described below.

側面Ｓでの反射が全反射となるようなθＳの範囲は、

充填部Ｌが剥離しているか、溝部Ｇが空隙で側面Ｓに基材部Ｍが露出しているならば、空気ないし真空が充填部Ｌに相当し、ｎ_Ｇ＝１なので

θＥ＝－９０（°）までのθＥがとりうる範囲のすべてにおいて、側面Ｓで全反射が発生して充填部Ｌの色が見えなくなるようなθＳの範囲は、数３より
θＳ≦９０－２ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）…（ｉ）
θＥ＝０（°）、すなわち視点Ｅが溝部Ｇを裏面部Ｒの正面から見た時に、充填部Ｌの色が見えなくなるθＳの範囲は、数３より
θＳ≦９０－ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）…（ｉｉ）
（２）図４ｂ（θＳ＜０）の場合
側面Ｓでの反射が基材部Ｍ側から（溝部Ｇを通さずに）見える最大のθＥとなる（図４ｂの最も左寄りである）視点Ｅは、
ａｒｃｓｉｎ［（ｓｉｎθＥ）／ｎ_Ｍ］＝θＳ
となる位置であるから、
ａｒｃｓｉｎ［（ｓｉｎθＥ）／ｎ_Ｍ］≦θＳ
側面Ｓでの全反射が視点Ｅで観察される最小のθＳでは、θＥ＝－９０（°）の時のみ反射が観察可能となるので、
θＳ≧ａｒｃｓｉｎ（－１／ｎ_Ｍ）…（ｉｉｉ）
図４ａにおけるθＳ＜０の場合及び図４ｂにおけるθＳ≧０の場合、すなわち図４ａ・ｂの溝部Ｇのそれぞれ左側の側面Ｓに関する場合は、上記の場合に対し左右対称の関係であり、上記各数式において各項の正負及び不等号の向きが逆になる。ゆえに、（ｉｉｉ）から、図４ｂのように溝部Ｇの開口部Ｏ側のみから観察される場合には、
｜θＳ｜≦ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）
であれば、溝部Ｇの手前に側面Ｓが見えるようなθＥのすべての範囲において、側面Ｓで全反射が発生して充填部Ｌの色が見えなくなる。この事態の回避のためには、本実施形態の適用が必要である。ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）を片面全反射角と記載する。例えばｎ_Ｍ＝１．５とすると、θＳの絶対値が約４１．８°以下ならば、可能な全θＥに対し、剥離した充填部Ｌの色は側面Ｓを通しては見えない。
次に、開口部Ｏ側からだけでなく、図４ａのように溝部Ｇの開口部Ｏの反対側からも観察される場合には、（ｉ）から、
｜θＳ｜≦９０－２ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）
であれば、溝部Ｇの手前に側面Ｓが見えるようなθＥのすべての範囲において、側面Ｓで全反射が発生して充填部Ｌの色が見えなくなる。その事態の回避のためには、本実施形態の適用が必要である。９０－２ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）を両面全反射角と記載する。例えばｎ_Ｍ＝１．５とすると、｜θＳ｜が約６．３８°以下ならば、表面部Ｆ及び裏面部Ｒ側の可能な全θＥに対し、剥離した充填部Ｌの色は側面Ｓを通しては見えない。表面部Ｆに垂直な溝部Ｇでは、θＧが約１２．７６°以下ならば同様である。基材部ＭがＰＭＭＡで、ｎ_Ｍ＝１．４９ならば、｜θＳ｜が約５．６９°以下、又は表面部Ｆに垂直な溝部ＧでθＧが約１１．３８°以下の場合、本実施形態により充填部Ｌの剥離が生じないことで、どこから見ても充填部Ｌの色が鮮明に見える効果が得られる。また、（ｉｉ）から、
｜θＳ｜≦９０－ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）
であれば、少なくとも一部のθＥにおいて、側面Ｓで全反射が発生して充填部Ｌの色が見えなくなるので、本実施形態が適用された方がよい。９０－ａｒｃｓｉｎ（１／ｎ_Ｍ）を一部全反射角と記載する。ｎ_Ｍ＝１．５とすると、θＳが約４８．１９°以下ならば、剥離した充填部Ｌの色は正面からは見えない。なお、数３より、充填部Ｌの色が見えないθＥの範囲は、

である。｜θＳ｜が両面全反射角より大きいならば、図４ａにおいて、θＥがこれより小さい時、すなわち視点Ｅが右寄りの時には、側面Ｓで全反射が起こらず、充填部Ｌが剥離していても側面Ｓを透過してその色が見える。
側面Ｓが曲面の場合、上記条件を満たす範囲内で上記作用が発生する。また、表面部Ｆ又は裏面部Ｒの一方の側が不透明であって、その反対側が観察面であり、充填部Ｌがないか剥離しているとする。さらに｜θＳ｜が上記条件を満たす場合、可能な全θＥから、基材部Ｍと不透明な面との界面に映った反射が見える。この反射は、観察面側から入射して側面Ｓで全反射した光が界面に当たったものである。この場合、可能なすべての入射角からの入射光に対してこの作用が発生する。 Even if the base material portion M and the filling portion L are separated and the interface between them is not in close contact, the side surface S causes total reflection and the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen. The color of L may be seen through the side S. The critical conditions for both of them are shown below.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the wedge-shaped groove G. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, light incident on the side surface S at an incident angle .theta.I (.theta.I<0) is reflected at a reflection angle -.theta.I, and this reflected light is refracted at the rear surface portion R and reaches the viewpoint E. In FIG. However, if the filling portion L is not peeled off at the side surface S, the reflected light from the side surface S is a part of the incident light, and the rest is absorbed by the filling portion L, transmitted through the filling portion L, or separated from the side surface. Diffuse in S. In FIG. 4, the angle formed by the line of sight from the viewpoint E with the perpendicular or normal to the back surface portion R (hereinafter referred to as the line of sight angle or θE) is equal to the angle of emergence of light from the back surface portion R. In FIG. θS (|θS|<90) is the angle formed by the side surface S with the perpendicular or normal to the plane including the surface portion _F , nM is the refractive index of the base portion _M , nG is the refractive index of the filling portion L, and air is assumed to have a refractive index of 1. 4a or the left side S in FIG. 4b if .theta.S>0, and if .theta.S<0 the right side S in FIG. 4b or the left side S in FIG. 4a. Corresponds to side S. The covering portion T, coloring agent Co, etc. are omitted in FIG. If both surfaces of the covering portion T are parallel and planar and the refractive _index of the covering portion T is nM, the presence or absence of the covering portion T does not affect the angle of refraction. When n _G <n _M or the filling portion L is peeled off on the side surface S, if the absolute value of the reflection angle −θI is the critical angle arcsin (n _G /n _M ) or more, the reflection on the side surface S is total reflection. As a result, the color of the filling portion L does not reach the viewpoint E. When this state is expressed by an equation, according to Snell's law,
(1) In the case of Fig. 4a (θS≥0)

The range of θS in which the reflection on the side surface S is total reflection is

If the filling portion L is peeled off, or if the groove portion G is a gap and the base material portion M is exposed on the side surface S, air or vacuum corresponds to the filling portion L, and n _G =1.

In all possible ranges of θE up to θE=−90 (°), the range of θS in which total reflection occurs on the side surface S and the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen is θS≦90−2 arcsin from Equation 3. (1/ _nM ) (i)
θE=0 (°), that is, the range of θS in which the color of the filling portion L disappears when the viewpoint E views the groove portion G from the front of the back surface portion R is θS≦90−arcsin(1/n _M ) (ii)
(2) In the case of FIG. 4b (θS<0), the reflection on the side surface S becomes the maximum θE that can be seen from the base material portion M side (without passing through the groove portion G). ,
arc sin [(sin θE)/n _M ]=θS
Since the position is
arc sin [(sin θE)/n _M ] ≤ θS
At the minimum θS at which the total reflection on the side surface S can be observed at the viewpoint E, the reflection can be observed only when θE = -90 (°).
θS≧arcsin(−1/n _M ) (iii)
The case of θS<0 in FIG. 4A and the case of θS≧0 in FIG. In the formula, the positive/negative and inequality signs of each term are reversed. Therefore, from (iii), when observed only from the opening O side of the groove G as shown in FIG.
|θS|≦arc sin(1/n _M )
Then, in the entire range of θE in which the side surface S can be seen in front of the groove portion G, total reflection occurs at the side surface S, and the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen. To avoid this situation, it is necessary to apply this embodiment. We write arcsin(1/n _M ) as the one-sided total internal reflection angle. For example, if n _M =1.5, the color of the delaminated fill L is not visible through side S for all possible θE if the absolute value of θS is less than or equal to about 41.8°.
Next, when it is observed not only from the opening O side but also from the opposite side of the opening O of the groove G as shown in FIG. 4a, from (i),
|θS|≦90−2 arc sin(1/n _M )
Then, in the entire range of θE in which the side surface S can be seen in front of the groove portion G, total reflection occurs at the side surface S, and the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen. In order to avoid such a situation, it is necessary to apply this embodiment. 90-2 arcsin (1/n _M ) is described as the two-sided total internal reflection angle. For example, if n _M =1.5, then for all possible θE on the front surface F and back surface R sides, the color of the peeled fill L is can't see The same is true for the groove portion G perpendicular to the surface portion F, provided that θG is about 12.76° or less. If the substrate portion M is PMMA and n _M =1.49, |θS| Since the filling part L does not peel off according to the embodiment, it is possible to obtain the effect that the color of the filling part L can be clearly seen from any angle. Also, from (ii),
|θS|≦90−arc sin(1/n _M )
In this case, at least part of θE, total reflection occurs on the side surface S, and the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen. Therefore, it is better to apply this embodiment. 90-arcsin(1/n _M ) is described as the angle of partial total internal reflection. When n _M =1.5, the color of the peeled filling portion L cannot be seen from the front if θS is about 48.19° or less. From Equation 3, the range of θE in which the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen is

is. If |θS| is greater than the double-sided total reflection angle, then when θE is smaller than this in FIG. The color can be seen through the side surface S.
When the side surface S is a curved surface, the above action occurs within the range that satisfies the above conditions. It is also assumed that one side of the front surface portion F or the rear surface portion R is opaque, the opposite side is the viewing surface, and the filling portion L is absent or peeled off. Furthermore, if |θS| satisfies the above conditions, the reflection reflected at the interface between the base material portion M and the opaque surface can be seen from all possible θE. This reflection is caused by light entering from the viewing surface side and totally reflected by the side surface S hitting the interface. In this case, this effect occurs for incident light from all possible angles of incidence.

If the width w of the groove G is sufficiently large relative to the depth dG, the color of the filled portion L of the opening O can be seen from the front, so even if the side surface S is peeled off, the color will not disappear. This applies even if θG is small if the groove portion G has a bottom portion B and is trapezoidal. However, if dG/w is 5 times or more, when the viewpoint E looks at the side S from an oblique direction, although the apparent depth becomes shallow due to refraction, it appears to be about 2.5 times or more than the width. Has a certain effect when the form is applied. If it is 10 times or more, the apparent depth appears to be about 5 times or more than the width, so this embodiment has a clear effect. If the magnification is 15 times or more, the present embodiment exhibits a sufficient effect, and if the magnification is 20 times or more, the side surface S may hardly be seen unless the present embodiment is applied. Further, the cross section of the groove portion G in the width direction may have a shape in which θS is plural or varies, such as a U shape. In that case, among the total lengths of the side surfaces S, the bottom surface portion B, and the opening portion O on both sides, the total length of the range in which |θS| If it is preferably 1/2 or more, the double-sided total reflection angle exhibits a clear effect. It can be considered that most of them satisfy the above conditions, and the gain by applying this embodiment is large. Even if the groove portion G does not satisfy the above conditions, the color becomes difficult to see at the time of peeling, and total reflection occurs at the side surface S depending on θE. Therefore, it is better to apply this embodiment.

However, when n _M <2 ^1/2 , when θE is close to −90°, θS<0 may be obtained from Equation 3. It doesn't work because there is. The same does not hold when θS<0. That is, in the material plate 20 having a refractive index of less than about 1.41, for example, the decorative body Z made of a transparent fluororesin such as PFA/FEP, from the viewpoint on the opposite side of the opening O as shown in FIG. In the groove portion G of all θS including 0, even if the filling portion L and the base material portion M are separated, the color of the filling portion L may be seen through the side surface S of the base material portion M. As .theta.S is larger, this holds true even if the absolute value of .theta.E is small, so the range in which the color of the filling portion L can be seen is expanded. Therefore, in addition to the above conditions, the need for this embodiment is relatively high when n _M ≧2 ^1/2 . However, even when n _M <2 ^1/2 , the color of the peeled filling portion L cannot be seen depending on θE, so this embodiment should be applied.

Next, the relationship between the refractive index of the filling portion L and the refractive index of the base portion M in the groove portion G where the filling portion L is not separated will be examined.
(1) In the case of n _G ≧n _M If the refractive index of the base material portion M is equal to or lower than the refractive index of the filling portion L, total reflection due to the action of the critical angle does not occur. The converse is also true. At all θE on the front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R side, the light incident on the side surface S from the base material portion M does not undergo total reflection on the side surface S, and even if there is reflection, partial reflection occurs. or diffuse reflection, and if the color of the filling portion L can be seen through the side surface S from any viewpoint from which the side surface S of that side can be seen, the refractive index of the base material portion M is equal to or lower than the refractive index of the filling portion L. The refractive index can be measured with an Abbe refractometer or the like. The Abbe refractometer is, for example, NAR-1T SOLID manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., measured at sodium D line, 23 ± 0.5 ° C., and other details are JIS K 7142, partly ISO 489, etc. or common general knowledge at the time of filing Compliant. The same applies to other portions of this specification. Abbe refractometers are well suited for this application as they use the critical angle method to measure the refractive index of the specimen surface. The measured value is basically unaffected by the refractive index of the coloring agent Co or the like contained in the filling portion L, and indicates the refractive index of the vehicle V. In general, the refractive index of SI and silicone rubber is 1.43 or less, and the refractive index of fluororesin and fluororubber such as PETE is in the order of 1.3. In general, PMMA has a refractive index of 1.49 or more, and the refractive index of hard resin is higher than that of SI. In order for the color of the groove portion G to be clearly seen at all θE, the developer V having a refractive index equal to or higher than that of the base portion M is preferable. Comparing the refractive index of each part, if colorant Co≧colorant V≧base part M, total reflection does not occur at all θE, and colors always look sharp. Also, if metal is adhered to the interface of the side surface S by vacuum deposition, sputtering, etc., metallic luster is produced regardless of the magnitude of the refractive index, and a reflection effect different from total reflection due to the critical angle can be obtained. For anti-reflection, the groove G may not have such a metal film. On the other hand, in the case of paint mixed with metal powder or the like, since it is the colorant V such as a transparent resin that is in close contact with the side surface S, the refractive index of the colorant V has an effect.

基材部Ｍの屈折率を１．５とする。
ａ 充填部Ｌの屈折率が基材部Ｍの屈折率に近ければ、側面Ｓの臨界角が９０°に近づくため、界面での反射がほとんど起こらない。充填部Ｌの屈折率が１．４９ならば、数５より｜θＥ｜が０から約９．９６°までの範囲で側面Ｓでの全反射が見える。この範囲内では、側面Ｓへの入射角の絶対値が臨界角以上であるため充填部Ｌの色は見えない。９．９６＜｜θＥ｜＜９０（°）の範囲では充填部Ｌの色が見える。この範囲では、裏面部Ｒ側に文字等が貼られていると、充填部Ｌの色に隠れて見えなくなる効果が得られる。この効果は、側面Ｓで全反射が起こると、側面Ｓに裏面部Ｒが映って見えるために低下する。よって、この効果のためには、充填部Ｌの屈折率が基材部Ｍの屈折率以上であればよい。あるいはその差が小さいほうがよく、好ましくは０．１以下・より好ましくは０．０５以下・さらに好ましくは０．０３以下でもよい。ただし、正面に近い一部のθＥでは全反射が見え、それ以外の範囲では充填部Ｌの色が見える、という対比効果が望ましい場合にはその限りではない。他の技術事項でも同様である。
ｂ 充填部Ｌの屈折率と基材部Ｍの屈折率との差が大きいほど、側面Ｓでの反射が起きやすくなる。充填部Ｌの屈折率が１．４ならば、数５より｜θＥ｜が０から約３２．６°までの範囲で側面Ｓでの全反射が見え、それ以外の範囲では充填部Ｌの色が見える。充填部Ｌの屈折率が１．３ならば、｜θＥ｜が０から約４８．４°までの範囲で側面Ｓでの全反射が見える。これらの場合、正面からある程度のθＥまでは、光源の位置によっては、側面Ｓが背景を反射して充填部Ｌの色が見えず、側面Ｓが平滑で背景が近ければ背景が映って見え、背景が遠ければぼんやりと映るか光って見える。光源がしかるべき位置になければ、側面Ｓは暗く落ち込んで見える。θＥが数５の範囲を超えると、充填部Ｌの色が見えるようになる。ただし、界面での反射は多少残る。全反射から充填部Ｌの色への転換は、臨界角の作用により、中間段階がなく急激に起こる。それは、常に充填部Ｌの色が見えているのとは異なる意外さを観察者に感じさせ、用途によっては有用な効果をもたらす。正面に近いθＥでは充填部Ｌの色が見えず、θＥが大きくなると充填部Ｌの色が見える、という効果が意図される場合には、基材部Ｍの屈折率から充填部Ｌの屈折率を減じた差は０．３以下・０．２以下・０．１以下でもよく、０．０５以上でもよい。 (2) When n _G <n _M If the refractive index of the filling portion L is smaller than that of the base material portion M, total reflection occurs when θE is small, and the color of the filling portion L may not be visible. If θS=0, then the range of absolute values of such θE is

The refractive index of the base material portion M is assumed to be 1.5.
a If the refractive index of the filling portion L is close to the refractive index of the base portion M, the critical angle of the side surface S approaches 90°, so reflection at the interface hardly occurs. If the refractive index of the filling portion L is 1.49, total reflection at the side surface S can be seen in the range of |θE| Within this range, the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen because the absolute value of the angle of incidence on the side surface S is greater than or equal to the critical angle. In the range of 9.96<|θE|<90 (°), the color of the filling portion L can be seen. Within this range, if a character or the like is pasted on the back surface portion R side, it is hidden by the color of the filling portion L and becomes invisible. This effect is reduced because the rear surface portion R appears to be reflected on the side surface S when total reflection occurs on the side surface S. Therefore, for this effect, the refractive index of the filling portion L should be equal to or higher than the refractive index of the base portion M. Alternatively, the difference is preferably as small as possible, preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less, still more preferably 0.03 or less. However, this is not the case if a contrast effect is desired in which total reflection is visible in a part of θE close to the front and the color of the filling portion L is visible in other ranges. The same applies to other technical matters.
b Reflection on the side surface S is more likely to occur as the difference between the refractive index of the filling portion L and the refractive index of the base portion M increases. If the refractive index of the filling portion L is 1.4, total reflection at the side surface S can be seen in the range of |θE| can see If the refractive index of the filling portion L is 1.3, total internal reflection at the side S is visible in the range of |θE| from 0 to about 48.4°. In these cases, up to a certain θE from the front, depending on the position of the light source, the side surface S reflects the background and the color of the filling portion L cannot be seen. If the background is far away, it appears dim or shiny. If the light source is not in place, side S will appear dark and depressed. When θE exceeds the range of Equation 5, the color of the filling portion L becomes visible. However, some reflection at the interface remains. The conversion from total internal reflection to the color of the fill L occurs abruptly without intermediate steps due to the action of the critical angle. This makes the observer feel a surprise different from seeing the color of the filling portion L all the time, and brings about a useful effect depending on the application. When the effect is intended that the color of the filling portion L is invisible at θE close to the front, and the color of the filling portion L is visible as θE increases, the refractive index of the filling portion L is calculated from the refractive index of the base material portion M. may be 0.3 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, or 0.05 or more.

If .theta.S is slightly less than the angle of partial total reflection, total reflection occurs at the separated side surface S when .vertline..theta.E.vertline. That is, in the case of FIG. 4a, total internal reflection is visible when observed from near the front. For one-sided total internal reflection angles as well, total internal reflection is visible when |θE| is smaller than when it is large (close to 90°). In the case of FIG. 4b, total internal reflection is visible only when at least |θE| is very close to arcsin(n _M sin θS). In other words, the change when θS falls below the angle of partial total reflection or the angle of one-sided total reflection appears clearly, albeit momentarily. Moreover, since it occurs in the most frequently observed state, which is close to facing the decorative body Z, it is immediately visually recognized. Therefore, if this situation is not desirable, it is of critical significance whether the side surface S is less than the angle of partial total reflection. In addition, even if the refractive index of the filling portion L is slightly lower than that of the base material portion M, total reflection occurs at least when viewed from near the front. It has great critical significance.

As in the invention described in Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2019-025860 (hereinafter abbreviated as Patent Document A), a decorative body in which a colored groove portion G is formed in a transparent base material portion M and a method for manufacturing the decorative body are known. It is Paragraph 0022 and FIG. 4 of the same specification describe a processing method of coloring the groove side surface F with paint or the like, and a processing method of filling the groove portion G with a transparent or opaque resin or the like or paint to form a filling portion Fi. However, when the groove portion G does not have the filling portion Fi and only the groove side surface F is colored as shown in FIG. , and it was difficult to color at low cost. Therefore, the model 3 having such grooves G could not be used for long-term outdoor use.

On the other hand, in the modeled object 3 having colored filling portions Fi, such as those shown in FIGS. , high light resistance is obtained. However, when such a molded object 3 is installed outdoors, peeling of the interface between the filling portion Fi and the base portion M is inevitable due to temperature changes and the like. That is, due to temperature changes mainly due to heating due to sunlight and cooling at night, and water absorption and drying due to rain, each part of the modeled object 3 repeats a cycle of expansion and contraction for a long period of time. Especially in winter, the temperature difference is large. If the modeled object 3 is made of a resin or the like having a high infrared absorption rate, it can be heated up to 50 to 60° C. by the infrared rays contained in direct sunlight during the daytime, but it may cool down to below freezing point at night. In addition, vibration due to wind or the like is always occurring. As a result, interfacial stress and internal breakdown accumulate at the interface between the filling portion Fi and the base material portion M, and this interface eventually separates. Furthermore, if the modeled object 3 is installed in a place with a lot of traffic, the interface may peel off in an instant due to the impact of contact with a person or object. Particularly in the case of the groove G having a small groove wedge angle .theta.G, when the groove side surface F peels off, the color becomes invisible due to the action of the critical angle. In any case, the decorative body according to the invention described in Patent Document A has a problem that it cannot withstand harsh environments such as outdoors. The object of the present embodiment may be to provide a decorative body, a decorative body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decorative body, and a decorative body manufacturing method in which the groove portion is less likely to be peeled off than the molded article 3 .

Claim copy. Claim 1: Base material part (M) It does not have the function to limit the contents described in the relevant part. ] and a groove (G) formed in the base material, wherein the groove has a filling portion (L) inside, and the tensile elongation of the filling portion is A decoration having a tensile elongation rate of at least 3 times that of the base material. At least part of the base material may be a hard resin.

<<Second embodiment>>
This embodiment basically solves the problems similar to those of the first embodiment by a different method. In the present embodiment, for example, in the decorative body Z shown in FIG. 3, the bonding between the filling part L and the base material part M on the side surface S becomes stronger, so that interfacial peeling is less likely to occur. For that purpose, the bonding between the filling part L and the base material part M may be chemical diffusion bonding instead of physical bonding. Specifically, for example, if the filling material 21 contains a solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform that dissolves the material plate 20 at room temperature, the material plate 20 on the side surface S is dissolved after filling, and the components of the material plate 20 are dissolved. It hardens as it melts. Alternatively, if part of the filling material 21 is (meth)acrylate, especially methyl methacrylate (MMA), it polymerizes while dissolving or permeating into the material plate 20 made of resin such as ABS/PC. As a result, the joint surface is not a distinct interface, but a continuous portion in which the components on both sides move and mix with each other. Such a bonding state is described as chemical diffusion bonding in this specification. The filling material preparation unit 44 mixes and stirs 60 parts by weight of MMA such as Acryester M manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and 30 to 60 parts by weight of PMMA powder, and adds a polymerization initiator such as benzoyl peroxide and a plasticizer such as dicyclohexyl phthalate. The filling material 21 may be prepared by adding a very small amount of about 0.1 parts by weight (adjustable according to the temperature, etc.), and further mixing an appropriate amount of the coloring agent Co or the like. After filling, the filling processed portion 45 may be heated at a time and temperature corresponding to the depth and width of the groove portion G, for example, at 70° C. for 3 hours. Since this filling material 21 contains MMA, if the material plate 20 is PMMA, it is easily integrated by polymerization, and may result in stronger chemical diffusion bonding. A similar effect may be obtained with modified acrylates. Thus, when at least part of the components of the filling portion L and the base portion M are common, chemical diffusion bonding can be easily obtained. In that case, since the filling portion L and the base portion M have similar compositions, their refractive indices are close to each other, and the difference between them is any of 0.1 or less, 0.05 or less, or 0.03 or less. many. Furthermore, due to special requirements such as curability of the filling material 21, the molecular weight, density, etc. of the filling portion L are smaller than those of the base portion M, so that the refractive index of the filling portion L is smaller than the refractive index of the base portion M. Sometimes. All of these are characteristics brought about by the fact that the filling portion L and the base portion M have the same composition. In this embodiment, the filler material 21 and material plate 20 may be thermoplastic. Further, chemical diffusion bonding may be performed among the coating portion T, the base material portion M, an adhesive layer A to be described later, the filling adhesive layer A0, the upper base layer M1, the lower base layer M2, and the like.

When the filling material 21 contains a solvent, the solvent usually evaporates first from the opening O side and closes the groove G during curing. Next, when the filling material 21 inside hardens, the vaporized solvent cannot escape and remains in the grooves G, easily forming air bubbles. In addition, the volume of the volatilized solvent is greatly reduced, and the bubbles tend to be large. General acrylic paints and acrylic paints contain a large amount of organic solvents and water, so that they have a high curing shrinkage of about 50 to 90%, and particularly large voids are often formed. That is, the ratio of the bubbles in the depth direction of the groove G where the bubbles straddle the side surfaces S on both sides is 1/2 or more, and the ratio of the length of the bubbles in the length direction of the groove G to dG is 1/2 or more and 1 or more.・It is a bubble such as any of 2 or more. Since this bubble is an air gap, it exhibits total internal reflection due to the critical angle and is visible in the fill L. In some cases this provides a decorative effect, but in other cases the filler material 21 contains little or no solvent and monomers (MMA, Styrene etc.) should be included. Further, unlike strong solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, etc., the solvent contained in the acrylic paint, etc., often makes the side surface S slightly cloudy and hardly dissolves the material plate 20 .

As a feature of the decorative body Z according to this embodiment, when the filling part L is mechanically separated from the base material part M, at least one of the filling part L and the base material part M is not peeled off at the side surface S. is destroyed. That is, the adhesive strength between the filling portion L and the base material portion M is greater than the tensile strength of the filling portion L, etc., and the stress to separate the inside of the filling portion L etc. instead of interfacial peeling (interfacial breakage). By acting on tearing, the filling part L is cohesively broken. Actually, when the groove part G is split along the length direction, the filling part L often remains on both side surfaces S instead of being attached to only one side surface S. The color of the filling part L sticks to the surface, making it rough. If the tensile strength of the filling portion L is greater than that of the base portion M, the base portion M will crack as well. In addition, wavy unevenness may occur on the surface when the interface is forcibly separated, presumably due to the dispersion of stress. The pitch range of the unevenness varies depending on the thickness of the peeled material, etc., but is preferably 50 μm to 2000 μm, more preferably 100 μm to 1000 μm, further preferably 200 μm to 500 μm, or more preferably 100 μm to 1500 μm, more preferably 300 μm. ˜1200 μm. Even in the groove G formed by the CO ₂ laser, this appears not only in the vicinity of the tip of the side surface S but also in the vicinity of the opening O, which was joined to the filling portion L. distinguishable. On the peeled surface of the chemical diffusion bonding part, unevenness of various shapes is formed, not limited to wavy shapes, and R _a at a cutoff λc of 0.8 mm and a cutoff λs of 2.5 μm is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more, and even more preferably. is 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and _Rz is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 12 or more, still more preferably 25 or more, and still more preferably 50 or more. Ra at _a cutoff λc of 0.08 mm and a cutoff λs of 0.25 μm is preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, still more preferably 1 or more, and _Rz is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably is 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more. Ra at the cutoff _λc of 2.5 mm is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5 or more, still more preferably 10 or more, and _Rz is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, further preferably 50 or more. W _a at the cutoff λc of 0.08 mm is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 15 or more, and _Wz is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5 or more, still more preferably 10 or more. In either case, the maximum is the width w or 1/2 thereof. When the total reflection at the interface between the filling part L and the base material part M should be small, the refractive index of the filling part L or the vehicle material V may be equal to or higher than the refractive index of the base material part M. and the difference of 0.1 or less (or 0.2 or less or 0.05 or less), or both of them. In the case of combination with the fifth embodiment or the like, the filling portion L does not have to be chemical diffusion bonded at the tip portion. The covering portion T may or may not be present. Even when the decorative body Z made of the filling material 21 naturally fell from 50 cm onto a concrete floor with the surface portion F parallel to the horizontal direction, the side face S did not peel off. When the decorative body Z using normal unsaturated polyester (U-Pica 2035 manufactured by Japan U-Pica Co., Ltd.) as the vehicle V was similarly dropped, the side surface S was peeled off at several points.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) having a substrate portion (M) and a groove portion (G) formed in the substrate portion, wherein the groove portion has a filling portion (L) therein, A decorative body, wherein the filling portion and the base material are chemically diffusion bonded to each other on at least a part of a side surface (S) of the groove, which is an interface between the filling part and the base material. Item 2: When the filling portion and the base portion are forcibly separated, a portion of one of the filling portion and the base portion remains on the other, or portions of both are on the other of each other. The decoration body according to item 1, which remains. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the height of the unevenness of the separated portion is preferably 10 μm or more, more preferably 30 μm or more, further preferably 100 μm or more. Item 4: The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the separated portion has an arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of 1 μm or more. Item 4: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the base material has transparency. Item 5: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the filling part contains (meth)acrylate (based compound) or PMMA. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the base material contains (meth)acrylate or PMMA. Item 7: According to any one of Items 1 to 6, the ratio of PMMA in at least one of the filling portion and the base portion is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more. ornaments. Item 8: The filled portion does not contain air bubbles occupying preferably 1/2 or more, more preferably 1/3 or more, and still more preferably 1/4 or more in the depth direction of the groove portion. A decoration according to any one of the above. Item 9: A perpendicular or normal drawn to a portion closest to the side surface of the surface including the surface portion (F), which is the surface exposed to the outside of the decoration and on which the groove portion is observed, and at least a part of the side surface Any of items 1 to 8, wherein the absolute value of the angle formed is preferably arcsin (1/n) or less, more preferably 90-2 arcsin (1/n) ° or less (n is the refractive index of the base material) The ornamental body described in Crab. Item 10: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, graphics, and patterns. Item 11: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein the depth (dG) of the groove is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 6 mm or more. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the groove is wedge-shaped, and the angle formed by the side surfaces on both sides of the groove on the groove side is 10° or less. Item 13: The decorative body according to Item 1, comprising a groove processing unit (43) for processing grooves in the material (20) and a filling processing unit (45) for filling the grooves with the material (21). A decoration manufacturing device (40) for manufacturing the Item 14: Manufacture of a decorative body comprising a groove processing step (S43) of processing a groove in a material and a filling processing step (S45) of filling the groove with a material, thereby manufacturing the decorative body according to Item 1. Method.

<<Third embodiment>>
Patent Literature A describes, in paragraph 0027 of the specification, that a protective plate is adhered to the surface of the modeled object 3 . However, when the opening side of the groove G is joined with an adhesive or the like, air escapes from the groove G and enters between the protective plate and the base material M to form air bubbles, thereby degrading the quality. Moreover, if the groove G is a gap, the adhesive flows into the groove G, and the effect of total reflection of the groove G, which is a gap, is lost. The publication neither describes nor suggests these problems. This problem does not occur if a protective sheet or the like with an adhesive is used, but the protective sheet itself deteriorates or peels off, which may be insufficient for the purpose of protection. If the protective plate is not joined and positioned in front of the modeled object 3, an outer frame or the like for engaging them is required. Also, two reflective surfaces are interposed between the protective plate and the modeled object 3 . As a result, the overall total light transmittance is reduced by about 10%, characters and the like appear dark, and unnecessary reflection increases.

The present embodiment may be aimed at solving the above problem. For example, the problem is to provide a decoration or the like in which a plate material is bonded to a base material better than in the background art. Bonding that is better than the background art is bonding with few air bubbles mixed in the bonding surface, bonding in which the adhesive does not enter the groove G, bonding with high durability, three-dimensional character effect and less contamination of the groove G, decoration body Including any of the bonds that improve the transmittance. An example of the configuration and operation of the decoration manufacturing apparatus 50 according to the third embodiment and the like will be described below with reference to FIGS. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 50 includes, for example, a grooving section 43, a color layer cutting section 54, a color layer joining section 55, and a coating processing section 46. As shown in FIG. The decoration manufacturing method according to the third embodiment includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, a grooving step S43, a color surface layer cutting step S54, a color surface layer bonding step S55, and a coating processing step S46. Each part of the decoration manufacturing apparatuses 40 and 50 and each process of the two decoration manufacturing methods can be combined with each other.

The grooved portion 43 (S43) is basically the same as that in the first embodiment. The groove processing section 43 may process the groove portion G in the material plate 20 based on the image 30 . The cross-sectional shape of the groove portion G is not particularly limited, and may be a wedge shape, a parallelogram, an isosceles trapezoid, or the like. The groove portion G may be a void or may be filled.

The color surface layer cutting section 54 may cut the color surface layer material 22 into a shape similar to the groove portion G, for example, based on the image 30 (S54). At this time, the color surface layer cutting unit 54 may extend the contours of characters and the like included in the image 30 to increase the width of each constituent element of the characters and the like. Conversely, the grooving section 43 may thin the characters and the like of the image 30 and perform grooving. The color surface layer U may have a shape along the shape of the groove portion G, as shown in FIG. 7a. This includes the case where the shape of the color surface layer U approximates the outline of the entire set of grooves G, and one color surface layer U closes the openings O of a plurality of grooves G. The color surface layer material 22 is not limited, but may typically be a marking film or other film manufactured by Nakagawa Chemical Co., Ltd., Toyochem Co., Ltd., Sakurai Co., Ltd., 3M Company, Lintec Co., Ltd., ORAFOL, etc., and may be a thicker resin. A plate, a metal plate/metal foil, paper, or the like may be used. The color of the color surface layer material 22 is not restricted. The color of the color surface layer material 22 may be practically the same color as that of the base material portion M, etc. If the color is a different color, the color surface layer U can display characters and the like. Practically the same color means that the difference in hue, saturation, and lightness is 2 steps or less in the Munsell color system (D65) and the difference in refractive index is 0.5 or less, and in particular, 1 or 0.5 steps or less and The refractive index difference is 0.2 or less. If the difference between the two colors exceeds at least one of these, the two colors are practically different colors. Furthermore, if there is a covering portion T, it looks as if the groove portion G is enclosed in a transparent body and is floating. The colored surface layer cutting part 54 may cut a film such as PVC with a cutting plotter or an NC router manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd., or cut an olefin-based or PMMA (acrylic)-based film with a laser processing machine. may The thickness of many of the marking films is preferably 10 to 400 μm, more preferably 20 to 200 μm, and preferably 1/5 to 1/2000, more preferably 1/5 to 1/2000, more preferably 1/5 of the thickness of the base material M or the decoration Z. /10 to 1/1000, more preferably 1/20 to 1/500, more preferably 1/40 to 1/250.

The color surface layer joining unit 55 joins the color surface layer material 22 to a predetermined position of the grooved material plate 20 to form a color surface layer U (S55). If the color surface layer material 22 is a marking film, it can be easily joined with the applied adhesive Ad. At this time, it is desirable that the color surface layer U closes the opening O of the groove G, as shown in FIG. 7B. The color surface layer U may have a joint portion J with the base material portion M from the shoulder portion of the side surface S to the outer side of the groove portion G in the width direction. The joint width j of the joint portion J is preferably 1/2 or more of the width w, more preferably the width w or more, and still more preferably twice the width w or more. The bonding width j is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, still more preferably 0.5 mm or more, and still more preferably 1 mm or more. The larger the joint width j, the more difficult it is for the joint portion J to come off when there is no covering portion T, and the more effectively the colored surface layer U protects the groove portion G. As shown in FIG. However, the decorative effect may decrease as the joint width j increases. The junction width j may be determined by balancing these two conflicting effects. The color surface layer joining portion 55 uses a transfer sheet (application sheet) together with the color surface layer U, and furthermore, suppresses expansion and contraction during operation by temperature control, so that positioning can be performed precisely and efficiently. Note that bonding includes sticking with an adhesive Ad or the like, and if the color surface layer U is fixed in contact, it is bonded. In the groove portion G without the color surface layer U and the filling portion L, the side surface S is exposed to the outside air. Therefore, especially in outdoor applications, dust and the like easily enter the grooves G and make them dirty. In the wedge-shaped groove portion G formed by laser processing or the like, the width of the tip portion is narrow, so it is difficult to remove this dirt by cleaning. On the other hand, if the color surface layer U blocks the opening O, this problem is solved. The angle formed by the widest surface of the color surface layer U and the groove portion G (the bisected surface thereof) may vary. However, if the color surface layer U is parallel to the grooves G, the color surface layer U cannot close the openings O, so the widest surface of the color surface layer U does not have to be parallel to the grooves G. In addition, since the inside of the decorative body Z actually appears to be refracted, it cannot be seen as in FIG. 7a. FIG. 7a ignores the refraction phenomenon and shows the groove G inside the decorative body Z as a transparent view with dotted lines. FIG. 10 is also the same. Also, for convenience of explanation, the enlargement ratio is different in each part of FIG. 7 .

The coating processing unit 46 may bond another material plate 20 to the color surface layer bonded material plate 20 with a known adhesive 25 such as Kirekure-502 manufactured by AIZ LLC to form a coating portion T ( S46). The adhesive layer A made of the adhesive 25 is often colorless and transparent or practically the same color as the base material M, but it may be of a different color depending on the purpose of decoration. Although the cross-sectional views of drawings other than FIGS. The covering portion T may be a plate-shaped body with a constant thickness, in which case the widest surface of the color surface layer U is the surface portion F (within the range of the thickness difference between the covering portion T and the adhesive layer A). parallel. The surface portion F side of the covering portion T may be convex, for example, and the widest surface of the color surface layer U may not be parallel to the surface portion F. For short-term use or indoor use, the color surface layer U may be exposed without the covering portion T. Omitting the step of surface bonding thereby reduces the manufacturing cost. In this case, the surface portion F is an exposed portion on the side of the color layer U, and is a portion other than the color layer U. FIG. When the coating process is performed, since the color surface layer U closes the groove G, the adhesive 25 does not flow into the groove G. Therefore, the groove G is not filled and is sealed as a void, so that the groove G reflects light and shines due to the action of the critical angle. If the groove G satisfies each condition described in paragraph 0031, this reflection effect is higher. The groove portion G may be void without the filling portion L, and only the surface portion of the side surface S may be colored. As a result, unlike the first embodiment, the colored light in the groove G is totally reflected and shines. Including this case, the color surface layer U may be colorless and transparent or substantially the same color as the base material portion M and the like, and may serve only as a lid for the opening portion O. Further, if the color surface layer U does not cover the grooves G, air leaking from the grooves G tends to remain in the adhesive layer A as air bubbles during the coating process. This embodiment has an effect of avoiding this trouble. When the decorative body Z has the covering portion T, the joint portion J may be in close contact with the surface portion F only during the covering process. Therefore, the bonding force may be weaker than when there is no covering portion T, and the bonding width j may be zero. That is, if the outermost portion in the width direction of the groove portion G in the color surface layer U is at the same position in the width direction as the outermost portion in the width direction in the opening portion O of the corresponding groove portion G, or is further outside. For example, the color surface layer U closes the groove portion G. This is also true for grooves G shaped as in FIG. 12b (with convex shoulders as in FIG. 12).

At least part of the outermost portion of the widest surface of the color surface layer U may be inside the outermost portion of the surface portion F. In FIG. 7, ignoring the height difference in the z-direction, the contour of the color surface layer U is contained inside the contour of the surface portion F (outside the illustrated range). Therefore, the coating portion T and the base portion M are directly bonded to each other without sandwiching the color layer U outside the color layer U, thereby improving the overall bonding strength. In the absence of the covering portion T, the loss of light is reduced in the portion without the color surface layer U, and the transmittance and color development are improved. However, the color surface layer U may be bonded to the entire surface of the base material portion M, and its outermost portion may be positioned at the same position as the outermost portion of the surface portion. This makes it possible to omit the color surface layer cutting process, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. Moreover, the groove portion G may be a closed area shape. That is, it may be a closed figure such as a circle, a polygon, or a more complicated figure whose start point and end point are substantially the same. If a plurality of grooves G are in an inclusion relationship like the letter A in FIG. 7a and form a composite closed area, the color surface layer U may have holes corresponding to them. As a result, the number of joints between the base material portion M and the covering portion T is increased, and the joint strength is improved. In this manner, the color surface layer U and the groove portion G may have shapes corresponding to each other. They may be in phase with each other. In other words, the mutual shapes may be continuously deformable. In that case they have the same number of holes. Alternatively, the groove G may be an open area with a start point and an end point separated from each other, as shown by G0 in FIG. 7a. That is, the colored surface layer U does not have to sandwich the joint portion with the surface portion F only between the joint portions J on both sides and between them. The groove portion G may be discontinued at a location where the color surface layer U is continuous to form an open region. The color surface layer U over the opening O may be conspicuous. If this is not desired, the width w is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.8 mm or less, even more preferably 0.5 mm or less. Summarizing these three paragraphs, the color surface layer U may be in contact with the opening O of the groove G and may be at least one of the following. 1: Located on at least one side of the front surface portion or the back surface portion from the base material portion (that is, the color surface layer U is between the front surface portion F and the back surface portion R and is closer to the front surface portion F than the groove portion G, or the surface is between the portion F and the back portion R and is closer to the back portion than the groove portion G, is further outside the front portion F, or is further outside the back portion R); Same or narrower range than the other. 2: Located between the coating portion T and the base material portion M and covered with the coating portion T. 3: The color is different from that of at least one of the front side and the back side.

Even when the groove portion G has the filling portion L as in the first embodiment, the opening O side of the filling portion L is affected by scraping when the unnecessary portion of the filling material 21 is removed, shrinkage during curing, and surface tension. It is often recessed as shown in FIG. 3a (also in this case, a smaller width w is preferable because the depth of the recess can be kept small). If the covering part 46 coats such a groove part G without the color surface layer U, the air in this concave part tends to become air bubbles during the covering process, as in the case where there is no filling part L. . In addition, although the adhesive 25 flows into one portion of the recess, air remains in another portion, which often results in a mottled appearance. This may occur even when there is no filling portion L, and the decorativeness is lowered as compared with the case where the air remains uniformly. If the filling part L and the base material part M are flush with each other as shown in FIGS. 3b and 4, the above problem can be solved. There is a problem that the corner of the opening O is chipped. On the other hand, if the opening O side of the filling portion L is concave like the groove portion G0 and the color surface layer U covering that portion is substantially flat, air remains in the gap between them. Since this air acts as a cushion and absorbs the difference in expansion coefficient between the filling portion L and the base material portion M, the filling portion L is less likely to separate. From the above, closing the opening O of the groove G with the color surface layer U is also effective for the groove G having the filling portion L. As shown in FIG.

The grooving section 43 inverts the image 30 horizontally, performs grooving so that the characters and the like are normal images when viewed from the opposite side of the opening O, and furthermore, the color surface layer joining section 55 is formed on the opening O side. A colored surface layer U may be joined. As a result, the colored surface layer U can be seen inside the character or the like only when the observer views the decorative body Z from the front on the opposite side of the opening O, and the colored surface layer U is hidden in the groove portion G from an oblique angle. Invisible effect etc. can be obtained. Further, when the image is observed only from the opposite side of the opening O, the covering portion T may have a low transmittance or a high haze. Similarly, when observation is made only from the opening O side, a plate or the like that is dark and nearly opaque may be mounted and bonded to the opposite side of the opening O. FIG. A plurality of color layers U may overlap at the same location, like the color layers U1 and U2 in FIG. 7c. That is, for example, the color layer U1 directly in contact with the groove portion G may be colorless and transparent to block the groove portion G, and the colored layer U2 having a shape different from that of the color layer U1 may be placed on the surface portion F side. . Thereby, the shape of the colored surface layer U becomes free. The color surface layer joining portion 55 may join the color surface layer U2 to the covering portion T. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 7c, the end of the color surface layer U2 in the positive x direction is in contact with the base material portion M side, but may be in contact with the covering portion T side. As shown in FIG. 7d, a plurality of colored surface layers U may be provided on the back surface portion R side. A plurality of color surface layers U may sandwich the covering portion T therebetween. Even if the color layer U is colorless and transparent, the use of the color layer U can be easily identified non-destructively, for example, from the following characteristics. 1: The shadow of the color surface layer U is projected due to the difference in refractive index from the base material portion M and the like. 2: The portion that closes the opening O has an adhesive, or exhibits a reflective state of a fine particle surface peculiar to the marking film.

As shown in FIG. 7d, the colored surface layer U may be present on both the front surface portion F side and the rear surface portion R side. For example, first, the grooving part 43 pierces the material plate 20 to form an open-region-shaped groove G. As shown in FIG. Next, the color layer joining unit 55 joins the colorless and transparent color layer U3 to the front surface portion F side, and joins the colorless and transparent color layer U4 to the rear surface portion R side (S55). A colored transparent color surface layer U5 may be added. Furthermore, the coating processing unit 46 joins the coating portions T1 and T2 to both sides with the adhesive 25 . The order of processing can be changed arbitrarily. This makes the depth dG constant. In addition, the colored surface layers U3 and U4 solve problems such as the adhesive 25 entering the grooves G and including air bubbles. The covering portion T1 and the like may be colored opaque, colored transparent, colorless transparent, or practically the same color as the base portion M. If the groove portion G is a closed region, the color surface layer joining portion 55 may join the cut material plates 20 with the color surface layers U3 and U4 after the alignment of the plurality of material plates 20, and the inner material plate 20 may be omitted and may be hollow. Moreover, in the case of the closed region-shaped groove G, the material plates 20 of different colors may be combined inside and outside the groove G. As shown in FIG.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) having a surface portion (F), a back surface portion (R), a groove portion (G), and a color surface layer (U), wherein the back surface portion is attached to the surface portion The color surface layer and the groove portion are opposed to each other at least partially (when the groove portion has or does not have a filling portion/when the groove portion has an air layer or the like between the filling portion and the color surface layer/ Including the case where the color layer has an adhesive or the like on the groove side), and the color layer is on the surface side of the groove (the color layer is on both the surface side and the back side of the groove) ), the outermost portion in the width direction of the groove portion of the color surface layer is located on the side of the surface portion of the groove portion and is located in the width direction with respect to the outermost portion in the width direction. A decorative body characterized by being at the same position or further outside. Item 2: Item 1, wherein at least a portion of the outermost portion in the width direction of the color surface layer is inside the outermost portion in the width direction of the surface portion in the width direction. decoration. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the color surface layer has a shape that follows the shape of the groove. Item 4: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the color surface layer is not exposed on the surface portion. Item 5: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the color of the colored surface layer is different from the color of at least one of the front surface portion and the back surface portion. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the angle formed by the side surfaces (S) on both sides of the groove on the side of the groove is 10° or less. Item 7: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the interior of the groove is void. Item 8: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein at least one of the groove portion and the color surface layer can be observed through at least one of the front surface portion and the back surface portion. Item 9: It has a substrate portion in which the groove portion is formed, the front surface portion and the back surface portion are interfaces on the outside of the substrate portion, and at least part of the side surface of the groove portion includes the surface portion. The absolute value of the angle formed with the perpendicular or normal to the portion of the surface closest to the side surface is preferably arcsin (1/n) or less, more preferably 90-2 arcsin (1/n)° or less (n is Item 9. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the refractive index of the base material portion. It should be noted that the effect of total reflection can thus be obtained when the groove is an air gap. Item 10: The side surface of the groove has a plurality of striped unevenness, and the plurality of unevenness is parallel to the length direction of the groove or forms an angle of 70° to 110° with the length direction and the height of the plurality of unevenness is preferably 1 to 40 μm, more preferably 2 to 20 μm, and even more preferably 4 to 10 μm, or the arithmetic average waviness W _a or the maximum height waviness W of the side surface Item 10. The decorative body according to any one of items 1 to 9, wherein _z is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1 or more, and still more preferably 2 or more (cutoff λc 0.08 mm). The unevenness imparts a decorative effect to the reflection of light. If the interior of the groove is void, the reflectance is particularly high, which is more effective. Item 11: The decorative body according to Item 10, wherein the pitch of the unevenness is preferably 50 to 2000 μm, more preferably 100 to 1200 μm, further preferably 200 to 700 μm. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of the side surface of the groove is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and still more preferably 0.25 or less. . Item 13: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein the groove portion is not parallel to at least one of the front surface portion and the back surface portion. Item 14: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein the widest surface of the colored surface layer is not parallel to the groove. Item 15: At least part of the widest surface of the color surface layer is parallel to at least one of the front surface portion and the back surface portion (including the case where the color surface layer U is a curved surface such as a concave shape. Color surface layer The angle formed by the curved surface with the front surface portion or the back surface portion is preferably 10° or less, more preferably 5° or less, and further preferably 2° or less.), Described decorations. Item 16: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 15, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, figures, and patterns. Item 17: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 16, at least a part of which is made of resin, (meth)acrylate (based compound) or PMMA. Item 18: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 17, wherein the depth (dG) of the groove is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, and even more preferably 6 mm or more. Item 19: The depth/width (w) of the groove portion is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 4 or more, still more preferably 8 or more, and still more preferably 10 or more, according to any one of Items 1 to 18. decoration. Item 20: It has a substrate portion in which the groove portion is formed, the front surface portion and the back surface portion are interfaces on the outside of the substrate portion, and the bending elastic modulus of the substrate portion is preferably 700 MPa or more. Item 20. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 19, which is preferably 1500 MPa or more, more preferably 2500 MPa or more. Item 21: The front surface portion and the back surface portion are the outermost boundary surfaces of a part of the decoration (when the decoration has no end surface and only the front surface portion and the back surface are exposed outside, and the case where the color surface layer is further outside than the front surface portion or the back surface portion.), the decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 20. Item 22: The thickness of the color surface layer is at least one of 400 μm or less and 1/5 or less of the thickness of the decorative body Z (this provides good adhesion and suppresses steps). 22. The decorative body according to any one of 1 to 21. Item 23: Any of Items 1 to 22, wherein the color surface layer is made of at least one of PVC, acrylic, and polyolefin resins (this makes it possible to use marking films that are widespread and easy to process). Described decorations. Item 24: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 23, wherein the color surface layer has an adhesive between the grooves. Item 25: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 24, which has a substrate portion in which the groove portion is formed, and at least a portion of the substrate portion and the color surface layer is not chemical diffusion bonded. Item 26: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 25, wherein at least part of the groove portion is observable through at least one of the front surface portion and the back surface portion. A groove processing part (43) for processing grooves in the material (20) and a color surface layer bonding part (55) for bonding a color surface layer to the grooves, thereby manufacturing the decorative body according to item 1. decoration manufacturing device (50). Item 23: The decorative body according to Item 1 is manufactured by comprising a groove processing step (S43) for processing grooves in the material and a color surface layer bonding step (S55) for bonding a color surface layer to the grooves. decoration manufacturing method.

The following three paragraphs describe alternatives derived from this embodiment. This relates to a decorative body or display body using an adhesive film or the like, and its manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method. There is known a method of stacking a plurality of marking films, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-72064. In paragraph 0007, the same publication describes a problem that when a new film is overlaid on top of the pasted decorative marking film without being peeled off, the shape of the underlying old film floats on the surface of the new film. is doing. In order to solve this problem, the publication describes an invention in which the thickness of the marking film is reduced to reduce the step. However, as long as the upper layer film is overlaid on the lower layer film as it is, gaps are always formed at the ends, resulting in steps. Inevitably, the upper layer of the film in that portion is tilted more than in other portions, and exhibits a remarkably different reflection or the like from the other portions. Although the level of the problem can be reduced if the step is low, it did not solve the problem fundamentally. The present embodiment may have a problem that the difference in level caused by the adhesive films or the like laminated in layers is less conspicuous than in the prior art. According to the aspect described after the second paragraph, the difference in level of the pressure-sensitive adhesive film or the like that is repeatedly stuck may be inconspicuous, and air bubbles may be suppressed. In this embodiment, the colored surface layer U may or may not seal the groove G, and the decoration Z may or may not have the groove G.

In the conventional method, when a plurality of color layers U overlap, for example, near the boundary between the portion where the color layer U2 [U5] overlaps the color layer U1 [U4] and the portion where only the color layer U2 [U5] overlaps , and air often remained in the gap between the color surface layer U2 [U5] and the base material portion M. This is not preferable because it reduces decorativeness. In addition, oxygen in the air in particular accelerates aging deterioration of the color surface layer U in the portion that comes into contact with heat and ultraviolet rays, causing unevenness with the surroundings. Also, this air may leak out and form air bubbles in the adhesive layer A when the covering portion T[T2] is joined. In order to avoid these problems, the filling processing unit 45 or the bonding unit 52 applies the filling adhesive 26 to the color layer U1 [U4] before joining the color layer material 22 to become the color layer U2 [U5]. It may be applied to the contour portion of the color surface layer material 22 . Alternatively, the color surface layer joining portion 55 may float this portion without joining, and the adhesive 25 may flow into this gap when joining the material plate 20 serving as the covering portion T[T2]. As a result, the filling adhesive layer A0 fills the gaps in the floating portions of the color layer U2 [U5] (FIGS. 7c and 7d). The adhesive 25 and the filler adhesive 26 contain, for example, 60 parts by weight of MMA, 30 to 60 parts by weight of PMMA powder, a small amount of benzoyl peroxide, dicyclohexyl phthalate, and the like. The filling adhesive layer A0 may have the same composition as the adhesive layer A, or may have a different composition. The thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0 is constant or close to the thickness of the color layer U1 near the edge of the color layer U1 and decreases away from the edge, as shown in FIG. 7c, It often approaches 0 or becomes constant. The thickness of the base material portion M, the coating portion T, the color layers U1 and U2, etc. is basically uniform, and the color layer U2 reflects light evenly at each portion, and is visually parallel to the coating portion T. , it is recognized that the thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0 and the adhesive layer A in that portion is uniform. As shown in FIG. 12b, the base material portion M near the opening O may be raised or depressed, and the thickness of the adhesive layer A or the filling adhesive layer A0 may be constant in other portions. The thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0 may be different in each part, and the difference of at least a part thereof may be equal to the thickness of the color surface layer U1. The film thickness may be measured from the cross section of each part in the same manner as in paragraph 0016, or may be a request test. The thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0 is the length in the direction perpendicular to the front surface portion F or the back surface portion R near the filling adhesive layer A0. The adhesive Ad of the color surface layer U2 is directly bonded to the base material portion M at the portion where the thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0 is 0. Although FIGS. 7b and 7d omit illustration of the adhesive Ad, each color surface layer U may contain the respective adhesive Ad. The color surface layer U is composed of two layers, for example, a resin layer such as a colored soft resin (in which a pigment or the like is kneaded) and a (meth)acrylate adhesive Ad. The color of the color surface layer U may be even and constant. Some pressure-sensitive adhesives Ad do not bond to the base material portion M by chemical diffusion bonding. The color surface layer U and the adhesive Ad may be bonded to the base material portion M by chemical diffusion bonding. The smoother the change in the thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0, the less conspicuous the step is. In the filling adhesive layer A0, tA0 is the maximum thickness, and dA0 is the shortest distance from the portion with the maximum thickness (such as the boundary with the edge of U4) to the portion with the minimum thickness, where dA0/tA0 is preferably 3 or more. , is more preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and even more preferably 15 or more. These ranges include the case where the thickness of the filling adhesive layer A0 is constant and the case where the thickness is greater in the portion away from the edge of the color surface layer U1 [U4] than in the portion in contact therewith. dA0 can be expanded by adjusting the viscosity of the filling adhesive layer A0 and by a jig supporting the color surface layer material 22. FIG. Three or more color layers U may overlap on one side of the front surface portion F or the back surface portion R. A filling adhesive 26 is applied to the vicinity of the overlapping portion of the lower color surface layer U before joining the upper color surface layer U, and then the upper color surface layer U is joined and adhered before the filling adhesive 26 is cured. The covering portion T may be joined by the agent 25 . If the filler adhesive 26 is of the same composition as the adhesive 25, this results in natural integration. The stacking order of each layer can be changed arbitrarily. Air bubbles may be slightly mixed in a portion of the filling adhesive layer A0 between the color surface portion U2 and the base material portion M in FIG. 7c (for example, near the end portion of the color surface portion U1). Even in such a case, if there is the covering portion T, the colored surface portion U2 is substantially parallel to the surface portion F, so that the step at the seam portion is inconspicuous. Also, in FIG. 7d, considering the boundary portion between the portion where the color layer U3 and the color layer U4 overlap and the portion where only one of them overlaps, the step at the boundary portion is eliminated by the adhesive layer A and the base material portion M. there is By increasing the number of layers between a plurality of color layers U, the pasting section 52 can stack multiple color layers U, such as three layers and four layers, at the same position. In this way, the plurality of color layers U partially overlap each other, and the range between them is wider than the combined range of the plurality of color layers U in a plane parallel to the surface portion F. Layer/Layer containing no adhesive Ad/At least part of which is transparent (at least part of which has a total light transmittance of preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more)/Thickness is preferably 0 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.8 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, even more preferably 1.7 mm or more, most preferably 2.3 mm or more/flexural modulus of preferably 700 MPa or more, more preferably The case of sandwiching a layer of 1500 MPa or more is also included in the scope of claims in the next paragraph. As a result, the plurality of color surface layers U overlap each other without being in direct contact with each other. Therefore, a step does not occur in a portion where a plurality of color plane layers U are overlapped. Further, in FIG. 7c, by overlapping a plurality of color layers U, the distance between the covering portion T and the base portion M where the color layer U is absent increases. As a result, the adhesive layer A becomes thicker, and the workability and finish may deteriorate. On the other hand, if the above-described intermediate layer is sandwiched between a plurality of color layers U, the thickness of the adhesive layer A will be the same as the thickness of one color layer U, which facilitates bonding. By increasing the number of layers between them, the pasting section 52 can stack multiple color layers U, such as three layers and four layers, at the same position. When a plurality of color layers U are superimposed with intervening layers therebetween, the finish of the boundary portion of the adhesive-attached marking film is improved. In addition, when the layers between the plurality of color layers U have color characteristics, an effect is obtained in which each color layer U looks different.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) in which a substrate portion (M) and a plurality of color layers (U) are layered, wherein two or more color layers among the plurality of color layers and the At least one part from the boundary part between the part where the base material part overlaps and the part that does not include one or more color layers (U1 and U4) out of the two or more color layers to at least a part of the part that does not include the color layer In the part, a decorative body characterized by having a filling adhesive layer (A0 A) in contact with the end of the boundary part of the one or more color surface layers (Item 1: base part (M) and the base A decorative body (Z) having a plurality of upper surface portions (U) joined to a material portion, wherein two or more upper surface portions among the plurality of upper surface portions and the base portion overlap in a layered manner and the A portion from a boundary portion with a portion not including one or more upper surface portions (U1) excluding the upper surface portion (U2) farthest from the base portion to at least a part of the portion not including the above two or more upper surface portions 3), characterized in that it has a filling adhesive layer (A0) between the base material portion and an upper surface portion (U2) other than the one or more upper surface portions out of the two or more upper surface portions). Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein at least a portion of the filling adhesive layer has a constant thickness. Item 3: The decorative body has a covering portion (T) on the side opposite to the base portion with respect to the two or more color layers, the covering portion has transparency, and the covering portion and the base portion 3. The decorative body according to item 1 or 2, which has an adhesive layer (A) between. Item 4: The decoration according to Item 3, wherein the filling adhesive layer and the adhesive layer have the same composition. Item 5: When the filling adhesive layer and the base material part are chemical diffusion bonded or the filling adhesive layer and the base material part are forcibly separated, the arithmetic mean roughness of the separated surface Item 5. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein _Ra is at least one of 1 μm or more. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein at least part of the plurality of color layers contains an adhesive (Ad). Item 7: The decoration according to Item 6, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive and the base material are not chemical diffusion bonded. Item 8: The decorative body according to Item 7, wherein the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably 1/2 or less, more preferably 1/3 or less of the maximum thickness of the filling adhesive layer. Item 9: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the filling adhesive layer contains (meth)acrylate (including modified acrylate, modified methacrylate, modified dimethacrylate, and compounds thereof). Item 10: The decorative body according to Item 9, wherein the ratio of (meth)acrylate in the filling adhesive layer is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more. Item 11: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein the base material contains (meth)acrylate or PMMA. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the plurality of color surface layers have different colors. Item 13: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein the color of at least one of the plurality of colored surface layers is different from the color of the base material. Item 14: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein at least part of the base material portion or the plurality of color layers has transparency. Item 15: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 14, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, figures, and patterns. Item 16: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 15, wherein a portion between the plurality of colored surface layers and the base material does not contain air. Item 17: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 16, wherein at least part of the plurality of color layers contains an adhesive (Ad). Item 18: A filling adhesive layer is filled between the bonding portion (52 to color layer bonding portion 55) for bonding a plurality of color layers to a material and the material and a part of the plurality of color layers. and a filling processing unit (45) for manufacturing the decoration according to item 1 therewith. Item 19: A bonding step (S52 to color layer bonding step S55) of bonding a plurality of color layers to a material, and filling a filling adhesive layer between the material and a part of the plurality of color layers. Item 1. A decoration manufacturing method comprising a filling step (S45), and manufacturing the decoration according to item 1 therewith.

<<Fourth Embodiment>>
Patent Document A describes, in paragraphs 0021 and 0041 of the specification, etc., a modeled object 3 in which the tip portion of the groove G is uneven and the depth of the groove G is not constant. Such processing results often occur accompanying laser processing. In particular, since the laser output fluctuates greatly at the start and end points of the groove, the irregularities are often conspicuous. Moreover, although not described in Patent Document A, if the groove has a complicated shape, large irregularities tend to occur at corners and curved portions with large curvatures. Especially in three-dimensional characters, the unevenness reduces the three-dimensional decorative effect, so it is better to eliminate or suppress it. However, Patent Document A states in paragraph 0041 that "if there is unevenness in a part of the groove portion G, it will appear to shine more finely." It is recognized as a feature that presents Patent Document A therefore does not describe a solution to this problem either.

The present embodiment may be aimed at solving the above problems. That is, the problem is, for example, to provide a decorative body in which grooves formed in a transparent base material can be seen at a certain depth, and a decorative body manufacturing apparatus and a decorative body manufacturing method for manufacturing the decorative body. . The decoration manufacturing apparatus according to the fourth embodiment may have at least a part of the same configuration as the decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 or 50 . The decoration manufacturing method according to the fourth embodiment may have at least a part of the same steps as the decoration manufacturing method according to the first or third embodiment.

The bonding unit 52 may acquire a plurality of material plates 20 (S52). One of them, the upper layer material plate 201, has transparency. Another lower material plate 202 may be less transmissive than the upper material plate 201, and may have a lower total light transmittance or a higher haze. The lower layer material plate 202 may be, for example, white, semi-milky, frosted, glitter, patterned, opaque or transparent black, blue, green, or the like. The lower layer material plate 202 may be made of the same, the same kind, or similar material as the upper layer material plate 201 because of ease of joining with the upper layer material plate 201, but may be made of a different material such as a metal plate. The higher the brightness of at least a portion of the lower layer material plate 202, the brighter the light from the groove G shines. The brightness may be v6 or more, v7 or more, or v8 or more in the Munsell color system (D65). The thickness of the lower layer material plate 202 may be smaller than the thickness of the upper layer material plate 201, and may be 1 to 5 mm or 1.5 to 3 mm. The bonding unit 52 may obtain the upper layer material plate 201 and the lower layer material plate 202 and bond them with a known adhesive 25 or the like, or may obtain the bonded material plate 20 from a supplier.

8 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the length direction of the groove G. FIG. The groove processing unit 43 may form grooves G in the material plate 20 after the bonding by the laser processing unit 431 (S43 and S431). The laser processing unit 431 may adjust the laser output, processing speed, etc. so that the average or minimum depth dG of each portion of the groove G is equal to or greater than the thickness of the upper layer material plate 201 . This embodiment is effective because even in microfabrication using an ultrashort pulse laser or the like, the tip portion of the groove portion G often exhibits unevenness with a ratio to the depth as described later. The grooved portion 43 may be formed by machining or the like. In this embodiment, the filling section 45 may or may not perform the filling process, and the covering section T may or may not be present.

The decorative body Z after manufacture includes a plurality of layers with mutually different transmittances. All or most of the uneven portion at the tip of the groove portion G is hidden because it falls within the range of the base material lower layer M2 having low permeability, as shown in FIG. 8b. The observer can see only the portion of the groove G that penetrates the base material upper layer M1 (upper layer material plate 201) with high permeability and has a uniform depth. The total light transmittance of the substrate lower layer M2 (lower layer material plate 202) is preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, further preferably 20% or less, and the haze is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more. - More preferably, at least one of 40% or more may be used (when converted to a thickness of 2 mm). Here, depending on the conditions at the time of observation such as the angle of sight, the brightness of the illumination, the color temperature, the direction of the illumination, the length direction of the groove portion G, and the direction of the sight, the visual acuity of the observer, etc. The degree to which problems are resolved varies. However, as the total light transmittance is lower, the problem of the present embodiment can be solved within a wider range of the above conditions. That is, for example, suppose that the observer views the surface portion F of the decoration Z from a specific direction at a line-of-sight angle of 75°. In this case, if the total light transmittance of the substrate lower layer M2 is 50%, the groove portion G in the substrate lower layer M2 portion can be seen. is hidden. If the base material lower layer M2 has a total light transmittance of 10% or less and is opaque, the groove G of the above portion is always invisible regardless of the above conditions. A part of the uneven portion of the groove portion G may appear in the base material upper layer M1, but the smaller the ratio, the better. The ratio of the length of the portion of the base material upper layer M1 having unevenness in the depth direction to the total extension of the groove portion G is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, further preferably 10% or less, and 5% or less. is more preferred. In addition, the ratio of the depth of the unevenness to the thickness of the base upper layer M1 in the portion having the unevenness is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less. In both cases, the lower limit is 0%. In addition, the depth of the unevenness in the depth direction of the groove portion G (or the depth of the portion of the unevenness in the base material lower layer M2) is 1 mm or more, 2 mm or more, or 3 mm or more, or the width is w or more, and is twice or more of w. In the case of 5 times or more, 10 times or more, or 1/10 or more, 1/8 or more, or 1/6 or more of the depth dG, the present embodiment exhibits a particularly large effect. The greater the unevenness, the greater the effect. The upper limit of the unevenness is the depth dG or its half. The depth of the unevenness can be measured by the above-mentioned laser measuring machine or the like. In addition, since the pitch of the unevenness is caused by the pulse of the laser processing machine, when using a CO ₂ laser, it is preferably 50 to 2000 μm, more preferably 100 to 1200 μm, more preferably 100 to 1200 μm, as described in paragraph 0030. is 200-700 μm.

When the back surface portion R is exposed after construction, if the groove portion G penetrates the back surface portion R, water may enter from the hole outdoors and cause damage, so it is better not to penetrate. However, if the penetrating portion is circular and has a size of φ0.5 mm or less, 0.3 mm or less, or 0.1 mm or less, the infiltration of water is small, so it is within the allowable range. In addition, in such a narrow portion of the groove G, the filling material 21 may not reach the tip of the deep portion in a projecting manner during the filling process. Since the tip of such a protruding portion leaves air, it is conspicuous due to total reflection of light. Therefore, the protruding portion of φ is conveniently hidden in the base material lower layer M2 at the deeper end. In order to prevent air from remaining during filling, the grooved portion 43 may have a protruding portion penetrating to the back surface portion R as shown in a part of FIG. 8b. The covering processing part 46 may seal the through-hole opened in the lower layer material plate 202 by bonding another material plate 20 to the rear surface portion R side. On the other hand, when the decorative body Z is directly bonded to a wall or the like, there is no problem such as water infiltration as long as the adhesive blocks the through holes. In addition, since the adhesive strength is improved by the anchoring effect of the adhesive that permeates the through holes, the through holes may be provided.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) having a plurality of layers and a groove (G), wherein the plurality of layers has lower permeability than the layer (M1) having permeability and the layer having permeability The layer (M2) includes a layer (M2), wherein the permeable layer has the groove, at least a part of the groove is continuous with the low-permeability layer, and at least one of the grooves is continuous with the low-permeability layer. The decorative body, wherein the portion has unevenness in the depth direction in the layer with low permeability. Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein an angle formed by side surfaces (S) on both sides of the groove toward the groove is 10° or less. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the interior of the groove is void. Item 4: The side surface of the groove has a plurality of striped unevenness, and the plurality of unevenness is parallel to the length direction of the groove or forms an angle of 70° to 110° with the length direction and the height of the plurality of unevenness is preferably 1 to 40 μm, more preferably 2 to 20 μm, and even more preferably 4 to 10 μm, or the arithmetic average waviness W _a or the maximum height waviness W of the side surface Item 4. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein _z is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1 or more, and still more preferably 2 or more (cutoff λc 0.08 mm). The unevenness gives a characteristic pattern to the light reflected by the grooves G, and this reflection pattern is reflected in the layer with low transmittance to enhance the decorativeness. If the interior of the groove is void, the reflectance is particularly high, which is more effective. Item 5: The decorative body according to Item 4, wherein the pitch of the unevenness is preferably 50 to 2000 μm, more preferably 100 to 1200 μm, further preferably 200 to 700 μm. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of the side surface of the groove is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and still more preferably 0.25 or less. . Item 7: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 6, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, figures, and patterns. Item 8: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 7, containing any one of resin, (meth)acrylate (based compound), and PMMA. Item 9: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the depth (dG) of the groove is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, and still more preferably 6 mm or more. Item 10: The depth/width (w) of the groove is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 4 or more, still more preferably 8 or more, and still more preferably 10 or more, according to any one of Items 1 to 9. decoration. Item 11: At least a part of the side surface (S) of the groove is exposed to the outside of the decoration, and the surface including the surface portion (F) on which the groove is observed is located below the part closest to the side surface. The absolute value of the angle formed with the perpendicular or normal to the surface is preferably arcsin (1/n) or less, more preferably 90-2 arcsin (1/n)° or less (n is the refractive index of the layer having transparency). Item 11. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 10. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the layer having permeability and the layer having low permeability are bonded to each other. Item 13: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein the transmissive layer has a total light transmittance of 70% or more. Item 14: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein at least part of the layer with low permeability is opaque. Item 15: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 14, wherein at least part of the layer with low transmittance has a brightness of v6 or more in the Munsell color system (D65, reflected light measurement). Item 16: A decoration manufacturing apparatus (50) for manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a bonding section (52) for bonding a plurality of materials (201 and 202) together and a grooving section (43). . Item 17: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a bonding step (S52) of bonding a plurality of materials (201 and 202) together, and a grooving step (S43).

<<Fifth Embodiment>>
This embodiment solves the problems similar to those of the fourth embodiment by basically different methods. In a process similar to that of the fourth embodiment, for example, the grooving section 43 may groove the upper layer material plate 203 before bonding. In this case, the grooved portion 43 is processed so that the grooved portion G partially penetrates the upper layer material plate 203 and partially does not penetrate the upper layer material plate 203 . The closer the tip of the non-penetrating groove G is to the back surface of the upper layer material plate 203, the better. However, if the portion where the base material portions M facing each other across the groove portion G are connected is too weak, they will separate due to their own weight or the like, resulting in a blanking state. , the connecting part should be thin. As a result, as shown in the cross-section of FIG. 9a, the groove portion G penetrates in the form of a dotted line, and the side surfaces S on both sides are connected in other portions. This groove G does not have a deep protruding portion. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 may use the decoration Z as it is, but may join the lower layer material plate 204 to the upper layer material plate 203 after groove processing in order to secure the strength and further reduce the unevenness of the groove portion G. . They may be made of the same or the same kind of material, may be of different colors, may have transparency, may be made of the same brand of material by the same manufacturer, or may be of the same practical color. As the adhesive 25 for joining, rather than an adhesive consisting only of a solvent, an adhesive obtained by dissolving PMMA or a resin powder of the same kind as the upper layer material plate 203 in a solvent such as dichloromethane or dichloroethane, a main agent such as MMA, or the like is used. Adhesives containing no solvents such as polymerization initiators and curing agents, MMA syrups, and MMA syrups containing catalysts are suitable. The adhesive 25 should be practically the same color as the upper layer material plate 203 and the like. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 joins the upper layer material plate 203 and the lower layer material plate 204 with projecting portions facing downward. At this time, the adhesive 25 permeates into the penetrating portion of the groove G due to the bonding pressure and capillary action during bonding. The portion of the adhesive layer A after curing that is exposed in the groove portion G becomes the tip filling portion N, which fills the projections and unevenness of the groove portion G as shown in FIG. 9b. The depth of the tip filling portion N within the groove portion G can be controlled by adjusting the curing shrinkage rate, viscosity, boiling point of the solvent, coating film thickness, bonding pressure, etc. of the adhesive 25 . In the decoration manufacturing apparatus 40, the lower layer material plate 204 may be made of a hard-to-bond material such as PP, which may be released after the adhesive 25 is cured, and the upper layer material plate 203 may be bonded without bonding the lower layer material plate 204. Immersion in agent 25 may achieve similar results. The covering portion T and the filling portion L may or may not be provided.

Specifically, for example, a laser processing unit 431 equipped with PLS6.150D manufactured by ULS Corporation processes a groove portion G in the upper layer material plate 203 of PMMA having a thickness of 8 mm. θG is approximately 4 to 5°. In the groove G after machining, the part that penetrates to the opposite side of the machined side and the part that remains without penetrating to a depth of 0.2 to 0.5 mm, for example, are alternately continuous. Next, the filling processing unit 45 uniformly applies the adhesive 25 to the lower layer material plate 204 of practically the same color as the upper layer material plate 203 by about 0.1 to 0.5 mm. to join. The adhesive 25 contains, for example, 60 parts by weight of MMA, 30 to 60 parts by weight of PMMA powder, a small amount of benzoyl peroxide, dicyclohexyl phthalate, and the like. Its kinematic viscosity may be 400-2000. The unit of kinematic viscosity is mm ² /s, 25° C., and the method of measurement is JIS K 2283 if the vehicle is a petroleum product, ISO 2909 and ISO 3104 for some, and JIS Z 8803 if it is a liquid other than that. Comply with The same applies hereinafter. During joining, the upper material plate 203 descends at a speed of 2 to 5 mm per second. These parameters may be changed to appropriate values according to the balance between the area of the material plate and the length of the groove portion G, the temperature of the material, the molecular weight of the upper layer material plate 203, and the like. As the upper layer material plate 203 descends, the adhesive 25 penetrates into the tip portion of the groove G. As shown in FIG. Alternatively, after filling the groove G with the adhesive 25, the filling processing unit 45 scrapes out unnecessary adhesive 25 using a thin film, a needle, a wedge-shaped plate, or the like, so that the tip filling portion N is formed only at the tip of the groove G. may be formed. As a result, the groove G with less unevenness in the depth direction can be obtained by laser processing. In this groove portion G, the side surface S has wave-like unevenness peculiar to laser processing and is smooth. The tip filling portion N may fill only the protruding portion, may also fill fine unevenness other than the protruding portion, may have a constant dG, or may leave slight unevenness. Accordingly, in the groove portion G of the decoration Z after completion, the _Ra of the bottom portion B may be preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, still more preferably 20 or less, and even more preferably 10 or less. Even if the amount of unevenness in the portion with the largest unevenness in the depth direction is preferably 4 times or less, more preferably 2 times or less, and even more preferably 3/2 times or less of the amount of unevenness in the portion with the smallest unevenness. good. In addition, the amount of unevenness of at least a part of the groove portion G is 2 times or less, 1 time or less, 1/2 or less of w, and 2 times or less, 1 time or less, 1/2 or less of the pitch of the unevenness of the side surface S, It may be 1/10 or less, 1/20 or less, 1/30 or less of the maximum dG, or 0.2 mm or less, 0.1 mm or less, or 0.05 mm or less, and the smaller the better. The lower bound is 0 or the limit of measurement. The depth of the tip filling portion N may be 1/4 or less, 1/8 or less, 1/12 or less of dG, or 2 mm or less, 1 mm or less, or 0.5 mm or less, and the smaller the better. Moreover, the refractive index of the tip filling portion N is often different from the refractive index of the substrate upper layer M3. The difference may be 0.01 or more, 0.02 or more, 0.03 or more, 0.04 or more, or 0.05 or more. Among them, various characteristics such as infrared absorption spectrum, crystal orientation, etc. may be different in addition to the refractive index. In addition, the base material upper layer M3 groove-processed by the laser-processed portion 431 may exhibit different refractive indices due to thermal effects, and may exhibit particularly large birefringence closer to the side surface S. FIG. On the other hand, the tip filling portion N and the base material lower layer M4 show almost no birefringence, and the refraction is often isotropic at each portion. The difference in refractive index for at least part of wavelengths from a certain direction of the side surface S and a direction orthogonal thereto is preferably 0.002 or more, more preferably 0.005 or more, and still more preferably 0.008 or more, and the tip filling Part N may be preferably 0.0005 or less, more preferably 0.0001 or less, still more preferably 0.00005 or less. In addition, the secondary birefringence retardation of the side surface S in the parallel direction or the vertical direction is preferably 100 nm or more, more preferably 200 nm or more, and still more preferably 400 nm or more, and the tip filling portion N preferably has a secondary birefringence retardation of 80 nm or more. It is preferably 50 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or less. These can be measured with an ellipsometer M-2000V-Te or the like, and may be a request test. It is identifiable from these characteristics that the decoration Z consists of a plurality of layers. In measuring the refractive index and the like of the tip filling portion N, the groove portion G may be divided, and the exposed surface of the tip filling portion N may be polished or formed to have a constant thickness.

Generally, the groove G formed by laser processing has a wedge-shaped or tapered cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction (the groove G with a tapered cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction has a planar or periodic uneven bottom surface ), and in the case of an open region, the start point and the end point are tapered in the longitudinal direction of the groove as shown in FIG. This and the unevenness in the depth direction of the groove portion G and the side surface S described in the first embodiment are features unique to the result of laser processing. However, by applying the fourth embodiment or this embodiment, the unevenness in the depth direction is eliminated. As a result, both good workability and low cost using a laser and the designability of the groove portion G having a substantially constant depth are achieved. The decoration body Z provides an excellent three-dimensional effect due to the constant depth dG even when aiming for a three-dimensional effect. Unlike the conventional cut letters, the ornament Z can be manufactured on a single plate by laser processing or the like, so that it can be easily attached to a wall or the like. In this decorative body Z, the grooves G appear to change between the surface portion F and the end face X of the decorative body due to the effect of refraction. Since conventional cutout characters have projections and depressions on their outer shape, they are easily soiled, troublesome to clean, and easily damaged. This embodiment also improves these points.

Claim copy. Item 1: It has a groove (G), the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction of the groove is wedge-shaped or tapered, and the groove side formed by the side surfaces (S) on both sides of the groove in the cross-sectional shape angle is 10° or less, the side surface has a plurality of striped unevenness, and the plurality of unevenness is parallel to the length direction of the groove portion or at an angle of 70° to 110° with the length direction at least one of forming an angle, and the unevenness in the depth direction of the groove in at least a part of the tip portion on the narrower side of the groove is not more than twice the width of the groove, or a plurality of stripes. A decorative body (Z) characterized by having at least one of two times or less the pitch of the unevenness. Item 2: The decoration according to Item 1, wherein the groove has a tip filling portion (N) at the tip portion. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 2, wherein the depth of the unevenness of the tip filling portion is 1/4 or less of the depth of the groove portion. Item 4: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the arithmetic mean waviness W _a of the plurality of striped irregularities is 0.5 μm or more (cutoff λc 0.08 mm). Item 5: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of striped unevennesses have a pitch of 50 to 2000 μm. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of striped unevennesses have an arithmetic mean roughness R _a of 1 μm or less. Item 7: The side surface has a plurality of unevenness parallel to the length direction, from a half part in the depth direction of the groove part to the opposite direction of the tip part, or from 70 ° to the length direction Item 7. The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of unevennesses forming an angle of 110° are provided in at least one of a half portion of the groove portion in the depth direction and a direction of the tip portion. body. Item 8: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein at least part of the decoration has transparency. Item 9: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, figures, and patterns. Item 10: At least part of the groove portion has a bottom portion (B) and an interface between two layers on the opposite side of the groove portion with respect to the bottom portion, and the unevenness of the interface is the bottom portion. Item 10. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, which is larger than the unevenness. Item 11: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein the side surface can be observed through a portion other than the groove. Item 12: Manufacture of the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a groove processing unit (43) for processing grooves in the material (20) and a filling processing unit (45) for filling the tip of the groove with the material. A device (40). Item 13: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a groove processing step (S43) of processing a groove in a material and a filling processing step (S45) of filling a tip portion of the groove with material.

<<Sixth embodiment>>
Patent Document A is an invention that, in paragraph 0055 of the same specification, the colorless and transparent groove portion G appears colored with the color of the illumination light, or appears to change to various colors by changing the color of the light. is described. However, the light had to have color for this effect. Therefore, the modeled object 3 installed outdoors cannot exhibit this effect under natural light. In addition, in order for the large-area portion of the modeled object 3 to exhibit this effect, the entire surface of the portion must have the grooves G, requiring high processing costs. Furthermore, in the case of CO ₂ laser processing, etc., since the groove width cannot be narrowed, there is a limit to miniaturization of the pitch of the parallel grooves G, and it is difficult to reproduce fine patterns with the small-sized molded object 3 . . Unlike the invention described in Patent Document A, this embodiment does not depend on the color of the light source, and the colorless and transparent groove G projects a color to each part by natural light. The object may be to provide a decorative body or the like that is invisible from the outside but visible from the end face.

As shown in FIG. 10, if the groove portion G sandwiches the color belt portion K made of a colored transparent film and the color belt portion K is not joined to the side surfaces S on both sides, the light from the end surface X of the decoration Z and the like is emitted. The light is transmitted through the side surfaces S and the color strip K on both sides, and projects a shadow of the color of the color strip K on the opposite side of the incident direction. On the other hand, if the side angle θS of the groove portion G is sufficiently small within the above range, as long as the observer views the groove portion G through the front surface portion F or the rear surface portion R, the color of the color band portion K cannot be seen due to the action of the critical angle. . In other words, the color of the color band portion K cannot be seen directly, but can be observed only as a shadow projected by the transmitted light. However, the color of the color belt portion K can be seen through the side surface S of the end surface X, which surprises the observer. FIG. 10a illustrates the groove G2 visible from the end face X with a dotted line, which indicates the conceptual position of the groove G2. Actually, the color band K2 can be seen from the end face X, and its position is different from that shown in FIG. 10a due to refraction. Even if the color belt portion K is opaque, the effect of being visible only from the end surface X can be obtained. Therefore, if the smaller angle formed by at least a portion of the end surface X with at least one of the front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R is θX, then |θX|=90° or |θX|≧80°. , |θX|≧70° or |θX|≦90°. Further, let θXS be the angle formed by a perpendicular or normal to an arbitrary point P1 on the end surface X and a straight line passing through a point P2 on the side surface S that does not sandwich the groove G between the points P1 and P1, and Let θSX be the angle formed by a straight line passing through a point P4 on the side surface S that does not sandwich the groove G between an arbitrary point P3 on the end surface X and the point P3 and a perpendicular or normal line to the point P4. In this decorative body Z, with respect to the point P1 or the point P3 on at least a part of the end surface X, at least a part of the side surface S has |θXS| or | _θSX | If the point P2 or the point P4 exists, the color belt portion K can be seen through when the point P2.4 is viewed from the point P1.3. Further, such points P1 and P3 may coincide, and points P2 and P4 may coincide. The end surface X is not limited to a flat surface, and may be a curved surface. When the end face X is a curved surface, if a portion of the curved surface satisfies the above angle condition, the color belt portion K can be seen from that portion. If the color belt portion K is joined only to one side surface S, the color belt portion K can be seen from the surface portion F only through the side surface S on the joint side. The color belt portion K may have a pattern of color or unevenness. If the end surface X is smooth like the side surface S described in paragraph 0029, the color strip K will be clearly visible, and if it is a fine grain surface, the color of the color strip K will be diffused and vague. The decoration Z is manufactured by a decoration manufacturing apparatus 40, for example. At that time, the grooving section 43 may groove the material, the filling material preparation section 44 may obtain and cut the color band K, and the filling processing section 45 may insert the color band K into the groove G. After that, the covering portion 46 may join the covering portions T together. As a result, the color belt portion K is not exposed to the outside and does not drop out of the groove portion G. Also, in the opening O or the bottom portion B, when the color band portion K is not joined to the base portion M or the covering portion T, the same effect as described above may be obtained if θE is large. Therefore, the entire groove portion G may have a gap between it and the color belt portion K. In addition, the fact that the groove portion G has a gap between the color band portion K means that the two are not in close contact with each other, there is a thin layer of air between them, or even if they are in contact, they are not joined. However, as a result, the critical angle at the interface between the two is equivalent to the critical angle with air.

When the decorative body Z has the base material upper layer M5 and the base material lower layer M6 with lower transmittance than the base material upper layer M5, the light transmitted through the color belt portion K is reflected by the base material lower layer M6 and can be seen more clearly. The base material lower layer M6 is white or a bright color close to it, and the haze is 10% or more, 20% or more, 30% or more, and the brightness in the Munsell color system is v5 or more, v6 or more, v7 or more, v8 or more (spectral color difference It is particularly effective for at least one of the following: measurement with a meter/color luminance meter, D65, and a value that varies depending on the thickness when converted to a thickness of 2 mm (the latter value is more effective).

The bending elastic modulus of the colored belt portion K may be 700 MPa or less because the insertion work into the groove portion G is easier when the colored belt portion K is more flexible. The thickness of the color belt portion K is at least one of 100 μm or less, 70 μm or less, 50 μm or less, 30 μm or less, or 1/4 or less, 1/5 or less, 1/8 or less, 1/10 or less, or 1/20 or less of w. If there is, the color belt portion K reaches near the tip of the wedge-shaped groove portion G, and in that respect the smaller the better. The thickness of the color strip K is the length in the direction perpendicular to the widest surface of the color strip K. As shown in FIG. The color band portion K may be a film made of the above resin, a lighting color filter such as Polycolor manufactured by Tokyo Butai Lighting Co., Ltd., cellophane, or the like. In that case, the two widest faces of the color strip K facing each other are parallel to each other. The color belt portion K may be made of a material exhibiting the above action or a similar action, such as bead-like granules, filaments, dichroic mirror pieces, interference films, and polarizing films. If the gap between the color belt portion K and the side surface S is too narrow, Newton's rings may occur and fusion may occur. Specifically, the distance between the color belt portion K and the side surface S is, at least in part, any of 0.03 mm or more, 0.05 mm or more, 0.1 mm or more, 0.15 mm or more, or 0.2 mm or more. The larger the size, the less likely the above problem will occur. The upper limit is the difference between the width of the groove portion G and the thickness of the color belt portion K.

If the saturation of the color band portion K is c6 or more or c8 or more in the Munsell color system (D65), vivid transmitted light can be obtained. The colors of the color band portions K in each portion of the groove portion G may be different from each other. For example, in FIG. 10, if the color strip K1 of the groove G1 on the x negative direction side of the rhombus is red, and the color strip K2 of the groove G2 on the x positive direction side is blue, the light hits from the x negative direction side. Sometimes, the interface between the base material upper layer M5 and the base material lower layer M6 within the rhombus appears red, and the rhombus appears blue when light hits it from the x-positive direction. When this decorative body Z is installed outdoors in the northern hemisphere facing south, it appears blue in the morning and red in the evening depending on the direction of sunlight. The decorative body Z may be combined with a motion sensor and an illumination unit I and installed on the gatepost so that it emits light when a person passes by or changes the irradiation direction. The illumination unit I may emit light only at night by means of an illuminance sensor. If the illumination unit I irradiates the surface portion F with light from an incident angle whose absolute value is greater than 90°, the light incident from the end surface X is partly directly reflected on the surface portion F, and partly after being totally reflected by the surface portion F. It passes through the side surfaces S on both sides of G and the color strip K, and is dyed in the color of the color strip K. This light is directly observable depending on the viewing angle, and projects color at the interface with the upper substrate layer M5 if the lower substrate layer M6 is present.

For example, when natural light strikes the decorative body Z obliquely, the light emitting side across the groove G appears in the color of the color band K, or the area surrounded by the groove G appears in that color, and the natural light hits it from the front. The color disappears, and the groove G itself shines in the color of natural light. If the color band portion K is opaque, specularly reflected light or diffusely reflected light of the color band portion K appears on the incident side of the light. Further, the color of the color band K is almost invisible from the front of the decorative body Z, but visible from the end face of the decorative body Z, providing a tricky effect. Furthermore, only one groove G allows color light to reach a portion where the groove G is not formed. Since the present invention can display characters and the like with outlines, it is possible to display finer characters and the like than when a plurality of parallel grooves are used.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) having a base portion (M) and a groove portion (G), wherein at least a portion (M5) of the base portion has permeability, and the permeability is The substrate portion has the groove portion, the groove portion has a color band portion (K) therein, the color of the color band portion is different from the color of the transparent base portion, and at least the groove portion has A decorative body, wherein a part of the decorative body has a space between it and the color belt portion. Item 1′: A decorative body having a substrate part at least partially transparent, and a wedge-shaped or tapered groove formed in the transparent substrate, wherein the groove is inside A decorative body, comprising: a colored belt portion, wherein the thickness of the colored belt portion is constant. Item 2: The depth (dG)/width of the groove is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more (the narrower the groove, the more difficult it is to see the color of the color band from the front, and the deeper the groove, the easier it is to see from an angle. ), the decorative body according to item 1. Item 3: [height in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the groove in the widest surface of the color band] / [thickness in the direction perpendicular to the widest surface of the color band] is preferably Item 3. The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, which is 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, further preferably 40 or more. Item 4: A perpendicular line or The absolute value of the angle formed with the normal is preferably arcsin(1/n) or less, more preferably 90-2 arcsin(1/n)° or less (where n is the refractive index of the transparent base material). , the decorative body according to any one of items 1 to 3. Item 5: Transmittance of a portion (M6) of the base material portion is lower than that of the base material portion having the permeability, and the base portion having the low permeability and the base portion having the permeability are combined. are in contact with each other, the base portion with high permeability has at least a part of the groove portion, and the interface between the portion with low permeability and the base portion with permeability and the groove portion are preferably Item 5. The decorative body according to any one of items 1 to 4, which are not parallel to each other, more preferably perpendicular to each other. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the color band has transparency. Item 7: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the widest surface of the color strip is at least one of 100 μm or less and 1/4 or less of the width of the groove. Item 8: Among the surfaces exposed to the outside of the decorative body, an arbitrary Let θXS be the angle between the perpendicular or normal to the point P1 and the straight line passing through the point P2 on the side surface that does not sandwich the groove between the point P1 and the point P1, and an arbitrary point P3 and Let θSX be the angle formed by a straight line passing through a point P4 on the side surface that does not sandwich the groove between the point P3 and the perpendicular or normal line to the point P4. With respect to P3, points P2 and P4 are present on at least a part of the side surface such that |θXS| and |θSX| Item 8. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 7. Item 9: The decoration according to Item 8, wherein the point P1 coincides with the point P3 and the point P2 coincides with the point P4. Item 10: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, graphics, and patterns. Item 11: A decoration lighting installation (ZI) comprising the decoration and an illumination section (I) for irradiating the decoration with light. Item 12: A decoration manufacturing apparatus (40) for manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a groove processing unit (43) for processing grooves in a material and a filling processing unit (45) for inserting the material into the grooves. Item 13: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a groove processing step (S43) of processing a groove in a material and a filling processing step (S45) of inserting the material into the groove.

<<Seventh embodiment>>
This embodiment basically solves the problems similar to those of the first embodiment by a different method. This method may relate to the sixth embodiment. That is, for example, in the present embodiment, the filling processing section 45 of the decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 may fill the liquid filling section Q between the color band section K and the groove section G (FIG. 11a). Liquid filling part Q contains liquid paraffin, various types of grease, wax, water, cedar oil, tung oil, mineral oil, silicone oil, diiodomethane, 1-bromonaphthalene, fluorocarbon oil, and perfluoro compounds (perfluoroether, perfluoropolyether, etc.). It may be made of any one of fluorine compounds, etc., or a mixture thereof, and may be liquid at room temperature. In other words, the liquid-filled portion Q is not fixed, and can flow, and moves within the groove portion G following the deformation of the base material portion M to change the positional relationship between them. In this case, the liquid filling portion Q and the color band portion K are the totality of the filling portion L. As shown in FIG. The liquid filled portion Q may be colorless and transparent or colored. Although the material of the liquid-filled portion Q is not particularly limited, it is desirable that the material is chemically stable within the base portion M when the decoration Z requires long-term durability. For example, if the base material portion M is made of a resin that absorbs water and it is used outdoors, water may not be suitable for the liquid filled portion Q. Further, by combining with the third embodiment, the color surface layer U can seal the liquid-filled portion Q, and the liquid-filled portion Q and the adhesive 25 can be prevented from being mixed with each other during the covering process. However, for example, the covering portion T may be joined with an adhesive Ad, in which case the color surface layer U may be omitted, so this embodiment does not necessarily need to be used in combination with the third embodiment. Further, if the condition is such that the liquid filled portion Q does not volatilize or flow out, the opening portion O may be exposed, so the covering portion T is not essential. The groove portion G according to this embodiment may not have the color belt portion K, and may have color due to the liquid filling portion Q (FIG. 11b). In that case, the liquid filled portion Q may be colored with the coloring agent Co, dye, or the like. When the total reflection at the interface between the liquid-filled portion Q and the base material portion M should be small, the refractive index of the liquid-filled portion Q may be equal to or higher than the refractive index of the base material portion M. and 0.1 or less (or 0.2 or less or 0.05 or less), the former or the latter, or the former and the latter. The refractive index of the liquid filled portion Q may be equal to or lower than the refractive index of the color band portion K and the colorant Co.

In the present embodiment, peeling does not occur on the side surface S unless the liquid filled portion Q is cured or volatilized. In order to prevent the liquid filled portion Q from disappearing, it is preferable that the groove portion G does not penetrate the base portion M or that the through hole is closed. Due to its fluidity, the liquid-filled portion Q easily follows expansion and contraction and deformation of the base material portion M. If the height hK of the colored belt portion K is constant, the depth of the colored portion in the groove portion G is constant regardless of the third and fourth embodiments. The height hK may be 30% or more, 50% or more, 70% or more, or 80% or more of dG. The larger this value, the less variation in the position of the color band K in each part of the groove G, and the better the finish. hK may be 99% or less, 95% or less, 90% or less, 85% or less, or 80% or less of dG. This value should not be too large. This is because, in the process of inserting the color strip K, workability is better because the color strip K does not protrude even in a portion where dG is small in the groove G where dG is not constant. If the color belt portion K is a thin film, the width of the colored portion is extremely narrow, so that the colored portion is hardly visible when observed from the front, and the visual contrast effect when observed from an oblique direction is improved. It is also possible to easily adjust the density and hue by adjusting the number of overlapping color band portions K. FIG. Only one side surface S of the groove portion G may be brought into close contact with the color band portion K by the liquid filling portion Q. In addition, the groove portion G includes two colored and transparent color band portions K, the side surfaces S on both sides are in close contact with the color band portions K by the liquid filling portions Q, and the two color band portions K are spaced apart from each other. If there is, total reflection can be obtained at the interface between the gap and the color zone K. FIG. If the colors of the two color strips K are different from each other, the colors of the grooves G are different when viewed from both sides. In addition, decorations that cannot be obtained by filling with the filling material 21 are possible, such as the color band K having a print by printing or the like, and the color of one sheet of opaque color band K being different on the front and back.

Claim copy. Item 1: A base material portion (M) and a groove portion (G) formed in the base material portion, the groove portion having a filling portion (L) therein, and at least part of the filling portion An ornament, wherein (Q) is a liquid. Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein the base material has transparency. Item 3: At least a part of the side surface (S) of the groove is exposed to the outside of the decoration, and the surface including the surface portion (F) on which the groove is observed is located below the part closest to the side surface. The absolute value of the angle formed with the perpendicular or normal to the base is preferably arcsin (1/n) or less, more preferably 90-2 arcsin (1/n) ° or less (n is the refractive index of the base material). Item 3. The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2. Item 4: The filling part, which is the liquid, contains at least one of a fluorine compound, silicone, and paraffin (these three have a colorless and transparent product and have common characteristics in that they are chemically stable liquids. ), and the decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3. Item 5: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the refractive index of the filling portion, which is the liquid, is equal to or higher than the refractive index of the base portion. Item 6: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the filling portion includes a solid portion. Item 7: The decorative body according to Item 6, wherein the height (hK) of the groove in the depth direction is constant in at least part of the solid portion. Item 8: A decoration manufacturing apparatus (40) comprising a groove processing unit (43) for processing grooves in a material and a filling processing unit (45) for filling material into the grooves, and manufacturing the decoration according to item 1 by these parts. . Item 9: A decoration manufacturing method comprising a groove processing step (S43) of processing a groove in a material and a filling processing step (S45) of filling the groove with a material, and manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1 by these processes.

<<Eighth embodiment>>
In the material plate 20 after grooving and before coating, when both sides of the opening O are raised as shown in FIG. Part T may swell very slightly. Although the surface of such a decorative body Z looks smooth and flat at first glance, it looks like a pattern due to the distorted reflection of light. In addition, the light incident on the surface and reflected hits the floor or the wall, presenting a bright and dark pattern in the shape of the groove G. This pattern can be easily processed into various shapes depending on the shape of the groove portion G, and provides unprecedented decorative effects. This effect can be obtained even if the permeability of the decorative body Z is low. In addition, if the surface portion F is smooth, the effect of reflection is high, but this is not an essential condition. . A decorative body having a groove portion G and a plate joined thereon, as described in Patent Document A, is known. In Patent Document A, in paragraph 0020 of the specification, the shaped object may be planar plate-shaped, and its surface may be smooth. It describes what may be done. However, Patent Document A does not describe a model having a surface with very slight unevenness and gentle undulations, nor a method or effect for implementing the same. In addition, in the modeled object 3 described in Patent Document A, the surface is wet due to outdoor rainwater and indoor dew condensation, but dust sometimes adheres when the surface is dried. Alternatively, after washing with tap water, minerals and the like contained in tap water sometimes stick to the surface. Moisture wiping can cause scratches. The water repellent spray had a durability problem. The present embodiment may be aimed at reducing stains on such decorations.

If the laser processing unit 431 of the decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 or 50 processes a groove G having a depth of 6 mm or more using a thermal processing laser such as a CO ₂ laser with a high output of 100 W or more, as shown in FIG. A bump near the opening O is easy to obtain. It is preferable that the heat is confined in the processed portion of the material plate 20 by setting the processing speed, pulse frequency, and the like. In addition, in this embodiment, adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, various vinyl resin adhesives, and elastomer adhesives such as silicone are generally not suitable for joining the base material portion M and the covering portion T together. This is because the adhesive floats the covering portion T from the base material portion M, and the adhesive maintains the surface portion F flat due to little shrinkage and elastic deformation while filling the gap between the covering portion T and the base material portion M. be. However, these are also suitable for this application when the cure shrinkage rate is, for example, 30% or more in volume and the height hO of the raised portion of the base material portion M in the z direction is, for example, 0.5 mm or more. Adhesives containing a large amount of solvent (for example, 50% or more by weight), adhesives containing (meth)acrylate, and the like are more suitable for this application. The solvent swells the adherends during bonding, but evaporates to the outside as it cures, causing the adherends to shrink. Adhesives containing (meth)acrylate, particularly MMA, have a large cure shrinkage rate, so they fill the gaps due to unevenness before curing, but the thicker the adhesive, the greater the shrinkage after curing, and the more the adhesive is cured, the more the covering part T is drawn. . As a result, all of them generate gentle undulations along the unevenness of the base material portion M. If the coating film of the adhesive is thick as a whole, it is difficult to make a difference in unevenness. The coated portion 46 may apply a load of, for example, 2 kg or more per 100 mm ² during hardening. In addition, in this embodiment, the filling part L may or may not be present.

The height hO of the shoulder portion of the opening O is preferably 0.5 to 800 μm, more preferably 1 to 200 μm, still more preferably 2.5 to 50 μm, and even more preferably 5 to 20 μm. The smaller the thickness of the covering portion T, the easier it is to reflect the unevenness of the groove portion G. However, if the covering portion T is too thin or its flexural modulus is too low, the portion bridging the opening O is likely to be greatly dented or damaged. Since this is not preferable depending on the application of the decorative body Z, the thickness of the covering portion T may be preferably 0.2 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, still more preferably 1 mm or more. The modulus may be the same as any of the flexural modulus ranges for the base portion M described in paragraph 0014. As a result, the height hY of the protrusion Y in the z direction is preferably 0.2 μm or more, more preferably 0.4 μm or more, and even more preferably 0.8 μm or more. From the point of view of the effect of water flowing along the protrusion Y, the larger the height hY, the better, and there is no particular limitation. However, from the standpoint of decorativeness, the height hY may not be too large, and is preferably 1000 μm or less, more preferably 300 μm or less, still more preferably 100 μm or less, and even more preferably 10 μm or less. The height hY may be measured so as to straddle the protrusion Y in the width direction of the groove G. The shortest distance dY from the bottom of this projection Y to the adjacent bottom via the projection is preferably 2 to 30 mm, more preferably 4 to 20 mm, still more preferably 6 to 10 mm. However, in the portion where the distance between the two grooves G changes, the distance dY on both sides of one of the grooves G differs in each portion. It is desirable to measure at a position where the difference between them is less than 10% of the longer length, that is, at a position away from other grooves G as much as possible. These measurements may be performed, for example, by scanning white light interferometry (ISO 25178) with a three-dimensional profilometer such as Nexview from Zygo Corporation, or may be commissioned. Warping of the surface portion F may be excluded. If this measurement is difficult, or if the surface portion F is curved, the surface roughness may be measured. The arithmetic mean waviness W _a at the cutoff λc of the projection Y of 2.5 mm or 0.8 mm is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more, still more preferably 0.5 or more, and preferably 100 or less. It is more preferably 10 or less, and the maximum height waviness _Wz at a cutoff λc of 0.8 mm is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more, and still more preferably 0.3 or more, at a cutoff λc of 2.5 mm. The maximum height waviness _Wz of is preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.4 or more, still more preferably 0.8 or more, preferably 100 or less, more preferably 10 or less. The arithmetic mean roughness R _a of the convex portion Y is preferably 0.04 or less, more preferably 0.02 or less, and still more preferably 0.01 or less (cutoff λc 0.08 mm, cutoff λs 0.0025 mm), and the lower limit is This is the measurement limit (standards and the like are the same as in paragraph 0029 and the like). The distance dY may be the distance between the bottoms on the analytical curve of the surface waviness measurement.

The inventor processed a 10 mm thick PMMA plate (Kanacelite #1300 manufactured by Kanase Co., Ltd.) with a groove G having a depth of 8 mm by the above process, and bonded the 2 mm thick PMMA plate with an adhesive 25 (Kirekure). Wa of the projection Y is 0.9649 _0.9162 (λc0.8mm) 0.9003 0.7441 (λc2.5mm), Wz is 0.3634 _0.2667 (λc0.8mm) 1.0197 · 0.7688 (λc 2.5 mm), the distance dY was 8.5 · 9 mm, and Ra was 0.0014 · 0.0016 · _0.0019 . This decorative body _Z is compared with a normal smooth PMMA flat plate having a surface maximum height waviness Wz of less than 0.01 from the viewpoint of drying of water droplets in a vertically installed state. The latter dries with water droplets remaining on the surface of the flat plate. On the other hand, in the former case, water gathers along the protrusions Y, becomes large water droplets, and tends to run off. The projection Y is completely invisible from the front and does not affect the function as a decoration. On the other hand, when observed obliquely, the above effects of reflection and reflection are exhibited. Further, when the viewing point E observes the decorative body Z at a large viewing angle, the groove G is often invisible or difficult to see. The reason is as follows. The light traveling from the groove portion G to the surface portion F is divided into a component that is reflected by the surface portion F and returns to the inside of the decorative body Z, and a component that is refracted by the surface portion F and emitted to the outside. This is because, as the line-of-sight angle increases, the latter component reaching the observer decreases, and is therefore drowned out by the light RL coming from the opposite direction of the line of sight and reflected by the surface portion F. However, according to the present embodiment, the light RL reflected by the corresponding surface portion F has intensity due to the unevenness of the surface portion F based on the shape of the groove portion G, so that the same pattern as that of the groove portion G is formed in a different form. becomes observable. This provides an effect that the decoration of the decorative body Z can be observed in a wider range. This embodiment is particularly effective in combination with other embodiments.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) having a surface portion (F) and a back surface portion (R) facing the surface portion (F), wherein at least one of the surface portion and the back surface portion is smooth. It has a projection (Y), the shortest distance in a direction parallel to said at least one of said projections from the bottom of said projection to the adjacent bottom via the top is 2 to 30 mm, and perpendicular to said at least one of said projections A decorative body characterized by having a height of 0.2 μm or more in a direction and/or having a maximum height undulation _Wz of 0.2 μm or more at a cutoff λc of 2.5 mm of the projection. Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of the convex portion is 0.04 μm or less. Item 3: The decoration according to item 1 or 2, wherein the decorative body has a groove (G) that is not exposed to the outside between the surface portion and the back surface portion, and the convex portion has a shape along the groove portion. body. Item 4: Of items 1 to 3, wherein the thickness in the vertical direction of the covering portion (T) comprising a plurality of layers overlapping in the vertical direction and including at least one of the layers is 1 mm or more. A decoration according to any one of the above. Item 5: The plurality of layers includes a substrate portion (M), the substrate portion has the groove portion, an adhesive (A) is provided between the covering portion and the substrate portion, and the Item 5. A decoration according to Item 4, wherein the adhesive contains (meth)acrylate. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the base material portion is made of a resin. Item 7: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 6, at least a part of which is permeable. Item 8: A decoration manufacturing apparatus (40, 50) for manufacturing the above-described decoration, comprising a covering processing section (46) for joining a plurality of materials (20). Item 9: A decoration manufacturing method comprising a covering step (S46) of joining a plurality of materials to manufacture the above decoration.

<<Ninth Embodiment>>
Conventionally, decorative images using glitter are known, such as the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-66133. However, this decorative image uses a paper or the like as a support, has no or weak surface protection, and neither has the strength to stand on its own or weather resistance. The object of the present embodiment may be to provide a colored resin material/decorative body that can be manufactured inexpensively and easily.

In this embodiment, the decorative body Z is composed of a base material upper layer M7 and a base material lower layer M9, and has a flat colorant C therebetween. Since the flat colorant C is protected from both sides, it is difficult to peel off and discolor. An adhesive layer A may be sandwiched between the substrate upper layer M7 and the substrate lower layer M9, and the adhesive layer A may contain the flat coloring agent C. In the case of bonding with the adhesive 25 consisting of only a solvent, the adhesive layer A may not be present. The flat colorant C is not particularly limited, but includes at least one of aluminum, aluminum oxide, titanium, titanium oxide, gold, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium, tin, zinc, indium, and silicon dioxide. Further, it may have a film such as resin on the outside, it may be a thin piece of glass or resin, it may have a film such as the above metal on the outside, or it may be mica or synthetic mica. Specifically, one or more of the desired color, transparency, size, and shape may be used from known glitter products such as diamond pieces manufactured by Dia Kogyo Co., Ltd. Glitter containing metal mainly exhibits metallic luster, which is specular reflection by the metal, and emits a color and shine that are significantly different from those of other parts. This improves the decorativeness. The metallic luster of the glitter can be discerned by the visible or invisible reflection of each minute portion as the direction of the light source changes. In addition, since reflected light is not polarized with metallic luster, the reflection state does not change even if the angle of the polarizing filter changes during observation through the polarizing filter. Metallic luster is distinguished from the reflection of resin, glass, etc. by this feature.

The flat colorant C is not limited to glitter, and may be a colored film cut into squares, rectangles, or the like. The flat colorant C may be a general pigment, but the visibility is improved if the flakes are larger and flatter. The maximum length lC of the thin piece is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and still more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and the upper limit is not limited, but from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, it may be 10 mm or less. If the size of Z is large, it may be 50 mm or less. However, as this length increases with respect to the thickness of the adhesive layer A, there is a tendency that the directions of the plurality of flat colorant C particles are aligned and a uniform reflection state is exhibited. In order to achieve both the thinness of the adhesive layer A and the reflection effect in various directions, the maximum length lC may be preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or less. As shown in FIG. 13a, in the flat colorant C, the thickness tC is the shortest length of the diameter of a cross section passing through the midpoint of the maximum length lC and orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length lC. Then, the maximum length lC/thickness tC is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 20 or more, and even more preferably 40 or more. These measurements may be performed by observing the sample from each direction with a scanning electron microscope, and may be the same as in paragraph 0016.

Since the area of the flat colorant C is large in this manner, each particle and its reflection can be visually recognized, unlike ordinary pigments of μm order or less. The decorative effect is more pronounced when the flat colorant C has a metallic luster. In addition, unlike normal pigments, which are fine particles, tend to aggregate due to Van der Waals forces and the like, and require a dispersant D and a pulverization process for dispersion, the flat colorant C can be easily dispersed. Furthermore, since the flat colorant C is flat, the adhesive layer A is thin, and due to the difference in expansion coefficient between the adhesive layer A and the flat colorant C containing metal, peeling due to temperature changes is less likely. The flat colorant C is not densely packed, and the less the flat colorant C is than the plain part, the more the plain part is enhanced and the decorative body Z is given a visual change. Depending on the desired decorative properties, the ratio of the area of the flat colorant C to the area of the adhesive layer A is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less, or 1% or more. good. This can be measured from the sum of ratios in which the color of the flat coloring agent C in the scanned image of the decoration Z is selected in the color gamut. In some parts of the decorative body Z, the flat coloring agent C may be unevenly distributed in a proportion equal to or higher than this ratio to display an image or the like.

The color, transmittance (total light transmittance), haze, etc. of the base material upper layer M7 and the base material lower layer M9 may be the same or different. The differences between them may be the same as those described for the upper layer material plate 201 and the lower layer material plate 202 in paragraphs 0060 and 0062. In addition, the L value of the base material lower layer M9 in the L ^* a ^* b ^* color space may be preferably 30 or less, more preferably 20 or less, still more preferably 10 or less (CM-5, reflected light measurement, SCE, D65 , 10° field of view). For example, if the base material upper layer M7 is colorless and transparent and the base material lower layer M9 is opaque black, the contrast of color and reflection between the black background and the flat coloring agent C is particularly large. Even if the base material lower layer M9 is bone white or the like, the flat colorant C can be seen more clearly than when the base material lower layer M9 is transparent. Further, when the decorative body Z has a groove portion G and the totally reflected light hits the flat coloring agent C (especially when the shortest distance between the flat coloring agent C and the groove portion G is the depth dG or less), flat coloring occurs at that portion. The brightness of the reflected light from the agent C is further increased, and the decorativeness is remarkably increased. The decoration Z may have a substrate middle layer M8 between the substrate upper layer M7 and the substrate lower layer M9, and the substrate middle layer M8 may further have a groove portion G (FIG. 13b). The adhesive layer A containing the flat colorant C may be between the substrate upper layer M7 and the substrate middle layer M8, between the substrate lower layer M9 and the substrate middle layer M8, or both. In the former, the shadow of the flat coloring agent C appears on the base material lower layer M9, and in the latter, the flat coloring agent C is reflected on the side surface S as the total reflected light of the side surface S strikes the flat coloring agent C. _If the side surface S satisfies the conditions of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra or the maximum height roughness _Rz and the single-sided/double-sided total reflection angle described in Paragraph 0029, this effect is enhanced. A similar effect can be obtained for the end surface X as well. For this purpose, the angle formed by at least part of the end face X and at least one of the front face F or the back face R is preferably 70 to 110°, more preferably 80 to 100°, and even more preferably 85 to 95°. good. Furthermore, if the thickness of at least one of the base material upper layer M7 or the base material middle layer M8 is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.4 mm or more, more preferably 1.8 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.7 mm or more, observation When a person (not shown) views this decoration Z from an oblique direction, a layer of flat colorant C (or The appearance of the decorative base material layer MD, the color surface layer U), etc. in the tenth embodiment changes. Thereby, a three-dimensional effect can be obtained. This effect can also be obtained with ordinary pigments. The total light transmittance of the base material upper layer M7 and the base material middle layer M8 is within the range described in paragraph 0015, or the end face X has either the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra or the maximum height roughness _Rz described in paragraph 0029 This effect can be seen more clearly if the condition of If the difference in refractive index between the adhesive layer A and the layer in contact therewith is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more, and still more preferably 0.15 or more, the base material upper layer M7 and the base material middle layer The thickness of M8 reduces the transmission amount of ultraviolet rays and reduces the fading of the flat colorant C and the like. When the base material upper layer M7 and the base material middle layer M8 are made of PMMA, the UV shielding effect is particularly large. In addition, if the thickness of the base material lower layer M9 is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.4 mm or more, and even more preferably 1.8 mm or more, the protection against the flat colorant C is enhanced, and the thickness is sufficient even outdoors. Provides durability. Chemical diffusion bonding may be applied to the bonding portion between the layers within the above thickness range, or two bonding portions between the three layers when those layers and the adhesive layer A are in direct contact. As a result, sufficient peeling resistance can be obtained even outdoors. Another layer may be sandwiched between those layers and the adhesive layer A, and each joint between them may be a chemical diffusion bond, but this may not be the case as the manufacturing cost increases. If at least one of the base material upper layer M7, the base material middle layer M8, and the base material lower layer M9 satisfies the flexural modulus condition described in paragraph 0014, it has a strength that can be used for signboards and the like. If at least one of the presence/absence of the flat colorant C, the refractive index, the transmittance, and the composition is different in the base material portion M of the decoration Z, they are different layers. In a resin plate in which a resin monomer in which a flat colorant C is dispersed is molded into a plate shape, the flat colorant C is formed on one of the front surface and the back surface due to the difference in specific gravity between the flat colorant C and the resin monomer as described later. It may be distributed unevenly. In this case, the refractive index, color, and composition of the resin portion are substantially the same, and the density of the flat colorant C changes continuously in the thickness direction of the plate, and there is no particular boundary portion. layer.

In the present embodiment, the distribution unit 51 scatters the flat colorant C on the material plate 209 that will become the base material lower layer M9 using a sieve or the like (S51), and the bonding unit 52 applies the adhesive 25 to form the base material upper layer M7. The material plate 207 may be joined (S52). The material plate 209 and the material plate 207 may be flat plates such as commercially available PMMA/PC, like the base member M and the like in each of the above-described embodiments. The spraying section 51 may spray the flat colorant C after the adhesive 25 is applied. Although the suitable process differs depending on the viscosity of the adhesive 25 and the specific gravity of the flat coloring agent C, etc., the adhesive 25 described in paragraph 0056 and aluminum foil such as Astroflake and Diamond Piece H manufactured by Nihon Moisture Industry Co., Ltd. In the case of the flat colorant C, it is preferable to spray it in advance. In this case, the spraying unit 51 can draw a pattern or the like with the flat colorant C based on the image 30, and the adhesive 25 can be dripped thereon. At that time, the specific gravity of the flat coloring agent C is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 2.4 or more. The specific gravity can be measured by the Archimedes method. Diamond Piece H-570 Gold according to it has a specific gravity of 2.5 and is suitable for this application because it sinks in the adhesive 25 containing MMA. Alternatively, the thickness of the metal portion of the thickness of the flat colorant C may be preferably 50% to 100%, more preferably 70% to 100%, and even more preferably 80% to 100%. The distribution unit 51 may adjust the density and color tone of the flat colorant C in each portion based on the image 30, or may adjust the density and color tone of the entire flat colorant C according to the settings. The flat colorant C may be kneaded in advance in at least one of the substrate upper layer M7, the substrate middle layer M8, and the substrate lower layer M9. Only in that case, the layers other than the adhesive layer A contain the flat colorant C. Instead of the adhesive layer A, the base material middle layer M8 may contain the flat colorant C in advance. If the adhesive 25 is Kirekure or the like, air bubble-free surface adhesion, which has been difficult in the past, can be achieved, so air bubbles on the joint surface can be prevented from being seen through the highly permeable portion. It is preferable that there are no bubbles on the joint surface, i.e., a portion that is not joined and the reflection state is different from that of other joints. It may be 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, still more preferably 3 or less. The arithmetic mean roughness R _a of the surface portion F may be in the same range as described for the convex portion Y in paragraph 0081, thereby improving the transparency.

The spreading unit 51 mixes and agitates approximately 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of the flat coloring agent C with 100 parts by weight of the adhesive 25, and then applies the mixture to the material plate 209. may Here, when the flat colorant C uses a metal foil as a base material, it settles in the adhesive 25 due to its high specific gravity, and the direction of each surface becomes nearly parallel to the material plate 209 . On the other hand, the flat colorant C, which has a resin film as a base material, has a lower specific gravity than the metal foil, so it does not settle immediately after stirring, but floats in various directions. If the time until curing is sufficiently short, the adhesive layer A also retains randomness in that direction, exhibiting a remarkable glitter effect. Among Pika Ace products manufactured by Kurachi Co., Ltd., types with a metal film formed by vacuum deposition, such as lame and shine colors, are suitable for this application. Also, if the specific gravity of the flat coloring agent C is too small relative to the specific gravity of the adhesive 25 , the flat coloring agent C may float in the liquid and become parallel to the material plate 207 . In order to avoid this, it is better that the specific gravities of the two are close to each other. For this purpose, the flat colorant is a resin piece having a metal film, and the ratio of the thickness of the resin piece portion to the thickness of the metal film in the shortest length direction is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more. More preferably 4 or more More preferably 8 or more, or the specific gravity of the flat colorant C is preferably 0.6 to 2 More preferably 0.7 to 1.8 More preferably 0.8 to 1.5 (Pika Ace has a specific gravity of 1.4 and is well dispersed in the adhesive layer A after being mixed and stirred with the adhesive 25 containing MMA), or the specific gravity of the flat colorant/adhesive layer The specific gravity is preferably 2/3 to 1.5, more preferably 0.75 to 1.3, still more preferably 0.8 to 1.2. Further, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 0.01 mm or more, more preferably 0.02 mm or more, and still more preferably 0.05 mm or more in the direction perpendicular to the bonding surfaces of the plurality of base material layers, At least one of the ratio of the thickness of the adhesive layer to the shortest length may be preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and still more preferably 20 or more. Furthermore, the flat colorant C is a powder having a maximum length lC, a length in a direction perpendicular to the maximum length lC direction and a direction perpendicular to the thickness tC direction, both of which are preferably 0.15 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more. If it contains a body, it floats along with the flow of the above various adhesives 25 due to the size of the surface area, so a nearly uniform distribution can be obtained. The spraying unit 51 mixes the adhesive 25 containing the flat coloring agent C, the adhesive 25 not containing the flat coloring agent C, the adhesive 25 containing the flat coloring agent C of another color, and the like, and distributes the distribution state and color of the flat coloring agent C. Each part may be changed. As a result, the glitter-like, smooth-surfaced decorative body Z of any size from small to large can be easily manufactured at low cost and in small lots. At that time, processes such as deformation of the material plate 20 due to heating or softening, injection molding, extrusion molding, and cast molding are unnecessary. It is also possible to mix the flat colorant C with a metal foil as a base material and the flat colorant C with a resin as a base material. In the background art, such as by injection molding, the direction of flat glitter is completely random. However, when the glitter does not reflect light, it looks dark and low in chroma, lowering the decorativeness of the decoration Z as a whole. In this embodiment, the larger the line-of-sight angle at which the reflection can be seen (tilted with respect to the surface portion F), the less the flat coloring agent C is distributed. The thickness of the adhesive layer A and the accompanying randomness in the direction of the flat colorant C can be adjusted by applying pressure or the like during bonding.

Claim copy. Item 1: It has a plurality of base material layers that are layered and joined together, at least a part of the plurality of base material layers has transparency, and at least one of the plurality of base material layers is a flat colorant. wherein the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the plurality of base material layers, and at least one of the plurality of base material layers has a flexural modulus of 700 Mpa or more. Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein one or more of the plurality of substrate layers sandwiching the layer containing the flat colorant has a bending elastic modulus of 700 Mpa or more. Item 3: In each particle of the flat colorant, the maximum length is the shortest among the diameters of cross sections passing through the midpoint of the maximum length and perpendicular to the maximum length direction, passing through the midpoint. Item 3. The decorative body according to item 1 or 2, which is five times or more the length. Item 4: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the maximum length of each particle of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more. Item 5: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein chemical diffusion bonding is performed between a plurality of layers sandwiching the layer containing the flat colorant. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the permeability of a part of the plurality of base layers is lower than the permeability of the base layer having permeability. Item 7: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the joint surface of the joint portion of the transparent base material layer is 1 mm or more. Item 8: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the joint portions of the base layers on both sides sandwiching the layer containing the flat colorant each have a thickness of 1 mm or more in a direction perpendicular to the joint surfaces. . Item 9: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the joint portion of the layer containing the flat colorant has a thickness of 1 mm or more in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface. Item 10: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, wherein the flat colorant has a metallic luster. Item 11: A decorative body manufacturing apparatus having a spraying section for combining a material and a flat colorant and a bonding section for bonding the material, and manufacturing the decorative body according to Item 1 therewith. Item 12: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to Item 1, comprising a spraying step of combining a material and a flat colorant, and a bonding step of joining the materials.
<<Tenth Embodiment>>

A light-transmitting decorative body and a decorative plate-like body having different colors in each part are known, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-167826. These displays various patterns such as marbles and lattices, and transmittance characteristics differ for each wavelength band in each part of the pattern. These provide decorativeness when viewed with transmitted light, but in applications without illumination from behind, such as externally lit signboards, areas with high transmittance appear dark, so color saturation and brightness had the problem of decreasing In addition, the background is seen through due to the high transparency, resulting in a decrease in decorativeness. For example, when a marble-patterned nameplate is placed on an uneven stone wall, the shadow of the unevenness is not covered by the transparent portion, and the pattern of the nameplate is disturbed. The present embodiment may be aimed at solving such a problem. In other words, the decorative body or the like provided by the present embodiment may exhibit clear color development under reflected light, may always provide constant display content regardless of the installation environment, and may have high installation strength. It may have light resistance, peeling resistance, and the like.

In the present embodiment, the decorative material plate 210 acquired by the bonding section 52 has a mottled pattern or the like on the surface portion F side. This pattern may be printed for indoor use, but it is more advantageous for outdoor use to incorporate a highly light-resistant pigment or the like. Each portion of the pattern may have different light transmission characteristics. The lamination unit 52 further obtains a plate 211 made of a highly reflective material such as white. The highly reflective material plate 211 may be bright colors such as cream and yellow. The bonding portion 52 bonds the decorative material plate 210 and the high reflection material plate 211 with an adhesive 25 or the like (FIGS. 14a and 15a, but the bonding portion 52 and the adhesive 25 are not shown). Bonding may be surface bonding in which the entire surface is bonded, and if the bonding surface is chemical diffusion bonding, it will not peel off even outdoors and can withstand long-term use. Further, if the laminating portion 52 joins the colorless and transparent material plate 20 to the decorative material plate 210, strength and light resistance are improved. Depending on the combination with the third embodiment or the like, the groove portion G may or may not be processed by the grooved portion 43 . Furthermore, the coating processing section 46 may or may not join the coating section T, and may cut the laminated material plates 20 to a desired size.

The decorative body Z after manufacture has a highly reflective base material layer ML made of a highly reflective material plate 211 on the back side of a decorative base material layer MD made of a decorative material plate 210 (FIGS. 14b and 15b). Usually, the side of the decorative base material layer MD is the viewing surface. If there is no highly reflective base layer ML, the light that has entered from the decorative base layer MD passes through to the rear surface portion R side as it is at the portion of the decorative base layer MD with high transmittance. However, in this decoration Z, the light is reflected by the highly reflective base material layer ML, returns to the decorative base material layer MD, is emitted from the surface portion F side, and is observed by an observer (not shown). As a result, the highly transmissive portion of the decorating base material layer MD exhibits brilliant color development at low cost without requiring a light source such as an internal illumination type. If the pattern of the decorative base material layer MD is formed by kneading rather than by printing, the distribution of the pigment may not be planar and may vary in a complicated manner in the plate thickness direction. The depth and overlap of each layer in this lamination provide a three-dimensional effect that cannot be obtained by printing, due to the backlight from the highly reflective base layer ML on the back side of the decorative base layer MD. If a plurality of decorative base layers MD are overlapped, the three-dimensional effect is increased. Measurement of transmittance and the like may be performed by CM-5 or the like on the peeled and exposed decorative base layer MD. The absolute value of the difference ΔY (D65) in the luminous transmittance at each part of the decorative base layer MD (or the luminous transmittance τV: JIS T 7333/ISO8980-3, the transmittance of a certain wavelength band in the spectral transmittance, The difference in total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, and parallel light transmittance) is preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, still more preferably 1 or more, and even more preferably 2 or more at least in part. (CM-5, 10° field of view, D65, 00 total transmission or specular transmission approximation if specified, measurement after automatic calibration or 0 calibration / 100 calibration. Similar measurements elsewhere in this specification are also basic The luminous transmittance is the Y value of Yxy or XYZ measured by CM-5.The measurement range of CM-5 is wide, and the transmittance in the narrow range of the sample is Therefore, even if ΔY(D65) is 0.3 in the transmission measurement of CM-5, the difference in transmission within the range of 1 mm unit is more big.). In addition, [absolute value of luminous transmittance difference ΔY (D65)]/[smaller value of luminous transmittance reference value and luminous transmittance measured value] is preferably 1/20 or more at least in part. - More preferably 1/10 or more - More preferably 1/5 or more - Still more preferably 1/4 or more, or 1 or less. ΔL ^* (D65) of the decorative base material layer MD in transmission measurement may be preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, and even more preferably 4 or more. The more different the transmittance as well as the hue is in each part, the greater the brightness contrast due to reflection and the more decorative. The luminous transmittance of at least part of the decorative base layer MD may be preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1 or more, still more preferably 2 or more, and even more preferably 4 or more. The L ^* (D65) value of L ^* a ^* b ^* in transmission measurement of at least part of the decorating base layer MD may be preferably 3 or more, more preferably 5 or more, still more preferably 10 or more. [Absolute value of ΔL ^* (D65)]/[Smaller value of L ^* (D65) reference value and L ^* (D65) measured value] of each part of the decoration base layer MD is preferably 1 at least in part /20 or more, more preferably 1/10 or more, more preferably 1/5 or more, still more preferably 1/4 or more. The color difference in each part of the decorating base material layer MD may be preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, still more preferably 3 or more in ΔE ^* _ab (D65). If the pattern of the decorative base material layer MD is fine, the measurement result may not reflect the difference in detail. If the difference in color and degree of transmission of each part is obvious to anyone's eyes, it will be shown by the real thing, not by measurement.

The highly reflective base material layer ML (highly reflective material plate 211) may be a bone-white color containing titanium oxide, or a mirror surface on which aluminum or the like is vapor-deposited. The lightness measured by the reflected light measurement is the L value of L ^* a ^* b ^* , which is preferably 60 or more, more preferably 70 or more, still more preferably 80 or more, and still more preferably 85 or more, or the V value of Munsell D65, Preferably 6 or more, more preferably 7 or more, and even more preferably 8 or more (measured by CM-5. Measurement diameter 3 mm (SAV), 10 ° field of view, D65, measurement after zero calibration and white calibration. This is essentially the same for similar measurements elsewhere in the book.) If the joint surface of the highly reflective base material layer ML with the decorative base material layer MD is smooth, the specular reflection component increases, so the degree of reflection changes according to the incident direction of light. If this effect is desired, the brightness measurement may be SCI (specular included) for CM-5. On the other hand, if the bonding surface is an uneven surface such as fine grains, a certain effect can be obtained regardless of the light incident condition. Unless otherwise specified, SCE (exclude specular reflection), which can equally measure both colors, may be used. If the properties of the highly reflective substrate layer ML are the same on the front surface portion F side and the rear surface portion R side, and the highly reflective substrate layer ML is exposed on the rear surface portion R, the measurement can be performed from the rear surface portion R side. good. In addition, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of at least one of the bonding surface or the back surface portion R where the high-reflectance base material layer _ML is exposed is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, still more preferably 4 or more, and even more preferably 8 or more. , the maximum height roughness _Rz is preferably 4 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 20 or more, still more preferably 40 or more, and the upper limit may be 1000 (standard cutoff). As a result, the diffused reflection component is increased on the joint surface, and the anchoring effect at the time of joining to a wall or the like can be obtained at the rear surface portion R. It is preferable that the highly reflective base material layer ML is nearly opaque rather than semi-transparent, such as opaque, because the reflectance is high. However, when decorativeness such as blurring of the background color is required, a board such as milk half is also suitable. The luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV: JIS T 7333/ISO8980-3, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel light transmittance) of the high-reflectance base layer ML is preferably 20 or less and more It is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, and still more preferably 2 or less. The luminous transmittance is measured by CM-5, 10° field of view, and D65 on the highly reflective base layer ML from which the decorative base layer MD and the like are removed. Due to the low transmittance of the highly reflective base material layer ML, a constant color can always be obtained regardless of the color of the place where the decorative body Z is installed. In this case, the color of the highly reflective base material layer ML may be a dark color such as black, and the reflectance may not necessarily be high. In that case, the L value of L ^* a ^* b ^* of the highly reflective base material layer ML is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5 or less, still more preferably 2 or less, or in the Munsell color system The V value may be preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, still more preferably 1 or less. As a result, the high-transmittance portion of the decorative base layer MD looks dark, and another decorative property can be obtained. The thickness of at least one of the decorative base layer MD and the highly reflective base layer ML is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.4 mm or more, still more preferably 1.8 mm or more, and still more preferably 2.7 mm or more. be. At least one of the decorative base layer MD and the high reflection base layer ML may have a bending elastic modulus within the range described in paragraph 0014. In the joint portion between the highly reflective base layer ML and the decorative base layer MD, etc., the thinner the portion where the color continuously changes from the transparent portion to the reflective surface of the highly reflective base layer ML, the more light is absorbed at the interface. It is preferable because the reflectance is improved because the reflectance is improved. In the portion where the transparency changes continuously, that is, the region from the portion where the transparency is low to the portion where the transparency is high, the thickness of the portion where the transparency changes, excluding the portion where the transparency is constant, is preferably 0.5 mm or less, and 0.1 mm. The following is more preferable, and 0.02 mm or less is even more preferable. The lower limit may be 0 or the limit of measurement. This can be measured by using a microscope image of the cross section of the joint. In the case of chemical diffusion bonding using an adhesive containing MMA, this corresponds to the thickness of the interface between the adhesive layer A and the highly reflective base material layer ML. The arithmetic mean roughness R _a of the surface portion F may be in the same range as described for the convex portion Y in paragraph 0081, thereby improving the transparency. As in paragraph 0089, the bubbles may be small.

Parts having different transmission characteristics in a layer having different transmission characteristics may be molded integrally with each other. That is, the decorating base material layer MD may be integrally molded and may not have joints for each pattern. When such a decorative base layer MD cracks, it does not crack along the boundary line of the pattern, and often cracks in a shape that does not particularly follow the pattern, depending on how much stress is applied. The method of cracking is the same as that of ordinary resin plates, etc., in which the color of each part is uniform. In other words, the decorative base layer MD may have uniform bending strength, tensile strength, and compressive strength (all of which are JIS) in each part, similarly to a normal resin plate. The difference may be preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less, still more preferably 5% or less. Each color of the decorating base material layer MD may not be clearly switched at the boundary portion BR, but may be continuously changed with each other. At least part of the change may have a width of gradation in the plate thickness direction of preferably 0.25 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, still more preferably 1 mm or more, and even more preferably 2 mm or more. Not only the surface of the decorative base material layer MD but also the whole including the inside may have the change. In at least a part of the change portion, a line passing through a portion of equivalent hue/brightness/saturation may be at least one of not perpendicular to the front face portion F or the back face portion R or curved. Such a decorating base material layer MD has a lamination of a plurality of colors made up of a plurality of pigments. In the cross section perpendicular to the joint surface between the decorative base layer MD and the high-reflectance base layer ML, it is possible to see how the laminated layers overlap, the thickness of each color, the transmittance, etc. at each part in the direction parallel to the joint surface. The state of lamination is different. The boundary portion BR of lamination is often not parallel to the joint surface of the decorative base layer MD and the high reflection base layer ML. The thickness of each of these laminates may be preferably 1/4 or more, more preferably 1/3 or more, still more preferably 1/2 or more of the thickness of the decorative base layer MD at least in part. In some cases, the boundary portion BR of the lamination is not only inclined with respect to the joint surface as shown in FIG. 15, but also curved in a U shape. That is, for example, a white layer sandwiches a blue layer from the front surface portion F side and the back surface portion B (back surface portion R) side, and the white layers on both sides are connected. In other words, a straight line perpendicular to the joint surface between the decorative base layer MD and the high reflection base layer ML intersects the continuous boundary portions BR at a plurality of points. As a result, the translucent color develops a multi-layered and floating color. Moreover, this curvature is exposed at the end surface X and shows a layered pattern different from the pattern seen from the surface portion F side. When the end face X is mirror-finished, not only can this pattern be seen clearly, but it also reflects light and projects this pattern onto the mounting portion such as the wall. If the base material portion M, the decorative base material layer MD, and the highly reflective base material layer ML are mirror-finished, the decorativeness of projection of reflection is improved. The arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of the end face X is preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, still more preferably 0.5 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or less, and the maximum height roughness _Rz is preferably 8. or less, more preferably 4 or less, more preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, the lower limit may be the measurement limit (JIS B 0601 or ISO 4287, etc., the unit is μm, the cutoff λc is 0.08 mm, adjusted for expected measurements). The same applies when the end face X is the groove portion G. For the effect of reflection, |θX|=90°, where θX is the smaller angle formed by at least a portion of the end surface X with at least one of the front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R, and |θX| ≧80°, |θX|≧70°, or |θX|≦90°. In this case, the highly reflective base material layer ML may be omitted, and a reflective effect can be obtained in the decorative base layer MD and the end face X of the base material portion M joined thereto. Furthermore, the end face X of the base material portion M not only reflects the light outward to brighten the wall and the like, but also reflects the light inside the decorative body Z due to the action of the critical angle. The reflected light and the direct light from the light source have the effect of giving the multi-layered structure of the decorative base layer MD a more complex decorative effect. If the thickness of the base material portion M is preferably 2.7 mm or more, more preferably 3.6 mm or more, more preferably 4.5 mm or more, and even more preferably 5.4 mm or more, this effect can be obtained in a wider range. can get.

JP 2004-167826 mentioned above describes joining together a plurality of pieces of colorless or colored light-transmitting plastic plates and further carrying the pieces by means of a light-transmitting carrier plate. Paragraph 0008 of the same specification states that "as the light-transmitting support plate for the plastic piece, any material can be used as long as it transmits light, and glass and various light-transmitting plastic plates can be used." On the other hand, if the L value of L ^* a ^* b ^* measured by reflected light measurement is at least one of 60 or more and the luminous transmittance is 20 or less, the light transmission is high and the transmittance is low when the reflectance is measured. However, it does not meet the requirements for the carrier plate. Further, since lowering the transmittance of the light-transmitting support plate is contrary to the object of the invention described in the publication as a stained glass-like decorative structure, it is not easy for those skilled in the art who have access to the publication to do so. do not have. In addition, the same paragraph states that the piece and the light-transmitting support plate are fixed with a black double-sided joint tape having a width of 3 to 12 mm, and paragraph 0007 of the same specification states that "the adhesive layer is made of double-sided tape." It is different from the decorative body in which the decorative base layer MD and the highly reflective base layer ML are surface-bonded as in the embodiment. Therefore, the invention described in the publication is different from the invention of the present embodiment. Further, in paragraph 0009 of the same publication, ``A required amount of acrylic plate pieces are cut, sanded with a file, and glued with a liquid acrylic synthetic rubber adhesive (manufactured by Yutaka Make Co., Ltd.) according to the paper pattern. From this point of view, a large amount of adhesive should be used, and the surface side should protrude about 1 mm from the acrylic plate.” The piece is not a smooth surface, and since it is adhered with adhesive, light is reflected at the end surface. does not happen.

Claim copy. Item 1: Having a plurality of layers bonded together, wherein in each of at least one of the plurality of layers, light transmission characteristics are different in each part of a plane parallel to the bonded surface of the plurality of layers, 1. A decorative body, characterized in that the luminous transmittance of another layer joined to layers having different transmittance characteristics in each part is 20 or less. Item 2: Layers with different transmission characteristics in each part are formed by stacking a plurality of colors, and each part in a direction parallel to the bonding surface of a cross section perpendicular to the bonding surface of the layer with different transmission characteristics in each part Item 1. The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein the lamination states are different. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 2, wherein at least part of the boundary portion of the lamination is not parallel to the joint surface. Item 4: The decorative body according to Item 2 or 3, wherein two or more of the plurality of colors continuously change at the boundary portion of the lamination. Item 5: The decorative body according to Item 4, wherein at least a portion of the boundary portion where the two or more colors continuously change has a length of 0.25 mm or more in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface. Item 6: The decorative body according to any one of Items 2 to 5, wherein a straight line perpendicular to the joining surface intersects the continuous boundary portion of the lamination at a plurality of locations. Item 7: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the layer having different transmission characteristics in each part and the layer having _a luminous transmittance of 20 or less have an end face arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 2 μm or less. body. Item 8: Any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the layer having different transmission characteristics in each part has a layer having a total light transmittance of 70% or more on the opposite side of the layer having a luminous transmittance of 20 or less. ornaments. Item 9: The layer having a total light transmittance of 70% or more, the layer having different transmission characteristics at each part, and the layer having the luminous transmittance of 20 or less has an end face arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of 2 μm or less. , the decorative body according to item 8. Item 10: The decorative body according to any one of Items 7 to 9, wherein the layer having a total light transmittance of 70% or more has a thickness of 2.7 mm or more in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface. Item 11: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein at least one of the layers having different transmission characteristics in each part and the layer having a luminous transmittance of 20 or less has a flexural modulus of 700 Mpa or more. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the layer having a luminous transmittance of 20 or less has an L value of 60 or more for L ^* a ^* b ^* measured by reflected light measurement. Item 13: Any of Items 1 to 12, wherein at least one of the layers having different transmission characteristics in each part or the layer having the luminous transmittance of 20 or less has a thickness of 1 mm or more in a direction perpendicular to the bonding surface. The ornamental body described in Crab. Item 14: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein the bonding is chemical diffusion bonding. Item 15: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 14, wherein the layer having different transmission characteristics at each portion has a color change inside the layer. Item 16: A method for producing an ornament, comprising joining a plurality of materials to produce the ornament according to Item 1. Term B1: having a plurality of layers bonded to each other, in each of at least one of the plurality of layers, light transmission characteristics are different in each part of a plane parallel to the bonding surface of the plurality of layers, 1. A decorative body, wherein the L value of L ^* a ^* b ^* is 60 or more as measured by reflected light measurement of another layer joined to layers having different transmission characteristics at each part. Term B2: The decorative body according to Term B1, wherein at least one of the layer having different transmission characteristics at each portion and the layer having the L value of 60 or more has a flexural modulus of 700 Mpa or more. Term B3: The decorative body according to Term B1 or B2, wherein at least one of the layers having different transmission characteristics in each part or the layer having an L value of 60 or more has a thickness of 1 mm or more in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface. . Item B4: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B3, wherein the difference in transmittance in the same wavelength band is 10% or more at each portion of the layer having different transmission characteristics at each portion. Item B5: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B4, wherein the bonding is chemical diffusion bonding. Item B6: The decoration according to any one of Items B1 to B5, wherein the layer having different transmission characteristics in each part has a layer having a total light transmittance of 70% or more on the opposite side of the layer having the L value of 60 or more. body. Item B7: The decorative body according to Item B6, wherein the layer having a total light transmittance of 70% or more has grooves. Item B8: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B7, wherein the thickness of each of the layers having different transmission characteristics and the layer having an L value of 60 or more is 1 mm or more. Item B9: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B8, wherein the layer having different transmission characteristics at each portion has a color change inside the layer. Term B10: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to Term B1 by joining a plurality of materials.

<<11th embodiment>>
The grooving part 43 may process another groove part G4 adjacent to the groove part G3, and the filling part 45 may fill only the groove part G3 with the colored and transparent filling material 21 . The groove portion G3 and the groove portion G4 may be parallel to each other. Both the groove portion G3 and the groove portion G4 may be closed regions, and may be similar to each other or may follow each other's shape, and the groove portion G3 may be on the outer side. Since the groove portion G4 does not have the filling portion L, the light is totally reflected, and the light is transmitted through the filling portion L of the groove portion G3 to become light of that color (FIG. 16). As a result, it is possible to realize a groove portion G that exhibits total reflection of light and has high light resistance due to the inorganic pigment or the like. Most of the light passes through the filling portion L of the groove portion G3, is reflected by the groove portion G4, and then passes through the filling portion L again. Also, the closer the grooves G3 and G4 are, the better. The ratio of the interval s to the depth dG is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 1/2 or less, even more preferably 1/3 or less, and still more preferably 1/4 or less and 1/8 or less. A plurality of G3 may sandwich G4.

Only one side surface S of the groove portion G may be colored. For example, the grooving part 43 performs piercing processing in the closed groove part G, and the filling processing part 45 colors the side surface S of the outer material plate 20 with a color film H1 such as paint, and combines it with the inner material plate 20. may Here, the third embodiment may be used together. In the completed decoration Z, only the side surface S1 of the outer base material portion M10 has the color film H1. As a result, colored totally reflected light is obtained. Furthermore, the side surface S2 of the inner substrate portion M11 may have a different color film H2 (Fig. 16b). The color film H may contain a colorant V, a colorant Co, and a dispersant D in the same manner as the filling portion L and the like, and may be a color band portion K joined to the side surface S. In this case, the groove portion G may become tapered. Such a groove G has a trapezoidal cross section perpendicular to the length direction.

<<Twelfth Embodiment>>
As shown in FIGS. 8, 10, and 13b, when the decorative body Z has a plurality of layers with mutually different transmittance and further has a groove portion G in contact with the gap, the groove portion G totally reflects the incident angle due to the critical angle, and this A layer with low transparency receives the reflection and shines even more. This decorative effect can be developed in various ways depending on the shape of the groove G. However, WO 2005/010203 did not describe or limit the potential for this effect. Patent Document A shows a wavy image 1 in paragraph 0018 and FIG. 3g, and describes a modeled object 3 based thereon. Further, in Patent Document A, the depth de of the plurality of grooves G is larger than cot [arcsin(1/n)] times the distance between them, so that the plurality of grooves G are connected when observed from an oblique direction. It describes a visible invention. However, in the modeled object 3, since the distance between the plurality of grooves G is narrow, when the light strikes a certain groove G, it is blocked by another groove G on the light source side adjacent to the certain groove G. In many cases, the tip of the groove portion G was not reached. Therefore, the modeled object 3 according to Patent Document A could not obtain a sufficient reflection effect. The present embodiment may be designed to solve this problem.

In this embodiment, the groove portion G has an arcuate portion Ar as shown in FIG. If the cross section parallel to the surface portion F of the side surface S on the concave side of the arc-shaped portion Ar is a parabola, when a parallel light beam hits the side surface S, on the interface between the base material upper layer M12 and the base material lower layer M13, the side surface S Reflected light from a part of the height portion is concentrated on the focal point of the arc-shaped portion Ar, or gathered around one point other than the arc-shaped portion Ar. Other heights illuminate the front and back of it brightly. Even if the arcuate portion Ar is a part of an arc or an ellipse, the reflected light gathers in one part, and the surrounding area becomes dark. The arc-shaped portion Ar may be a curved line having a concave portion. When the groove portion G is formed by a plurality of arcuate portions Ar, light and darkness are repeated on the concave side to improve the decorativeness. For that purpose, the adjacent groove portion G needs to be separated from the one point where the light concentrates. The corner portions Cr of the plurality of arcuate portions Ar may be linear, curved, or various other shapes. The recessed portions Cx of the plurality of arcuate portions Ar face one side of the groove portion G, so that the brightness and darkness of the opposing light are continuous, and a higher decorative effect than a simple wavy line in which the recessed portions face both sides is exhibited. Depending on the direction of the groove G and the direction of the light beam during use, a wavy groove G can also be used.

S11 is the side surface on one side of an arbitrary groove portion G11 in a portion with the decorative body Z according to this embodiment, S12 is the side surface opposite to the side surface S11 with the base material portion M interposed therebetween, and A point is Pt1, a perpendicular or normal drawn from Pt1 to a plane including the surface portion F is Pe, and a point closest to Pe among the ends of the side surface S12 on the surface portion F side is Pt2. The end portion on the back surface portion R (front surface portion F) side is a part of the contour portion around the side surface S on the back surface portion R (front surface portion F) side. Assuming that the shortest distance between the perpendicular or normal Pe and the point Pt2 is di, and if dG/di<cot[arcsin(1/n _M )], the action of the critical angle causes the apparent appearance of the groove G11 on the surface F to be The depth is always smaller than di ( _nM is the refractive index of the upper substrate layer M12). Therefore, when an observer (not shown) sees from any position on the front surface portion F side and the rear surface portion R side, the side surface S11 and the side surface S12 do not appear to be in contact with each other, and the point Pt1 is not hidden by the side surface S12. . This condition is a necessary and sufficient condition for the intended action. That is, if the tip portions of the plurality of grooves G separated from each other in the transparent base material M are always visible without being hidden by other grooves G even when observed from an oblique direction or the like, the plurality of grooves G The portion satisfies the condition that the depth dG is less than cot[arcsin(1/n _M )] times di.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body (Z) having a plurality of layers and a plurality of grooves (G), wherein the plurality of layers are more transparent than the layer (M12) having permeability and the layer having permeability a layer (M13) having a low permeability, wherein the layer having the permeability has the groove, and in at least a part of the groove, the refractive index of the layer having the permeability is n. A plurality of first side surfaces (S11) that are a part of the plurality of side surfaces on one side of each of the portions and at least a portion of the plurality of inter-groove portions respectively corresponding to the corresponding plurality of first side surfaces a plurality of second side surfaces (S12) that face each other closest to each other across the - a plurality of first points (Pt1 ) · Perpendicular lines or normal lines (Pe) drawn from the plurality of first points to a plane including at least a portion of the surface portion · At least a portion of the surface portion of the corresponding plurality of second side surfaces With respect to a plurality of second points (Pt2) closest to the respective perpendiculars or normals, respectively, at the respective ends of the side, the depth (dG) of the groove is the same as the corresponding perpendiculars or normals, respectively. less than cot [arcsin(1/n)] times the shortest distance to the corresponding plurality of second points (where n is the refractive index of the layer having transparency), and the groove is an arcuate portion (Ar) and an interface between the layer having the transmittance and the layer having the low transmittance at which the rays reflected at two different points on the side surface (S) of the groove in the arc-shaped portion among the parallel rays incident on the arc-shaped portion intersect A decoration, characterized in that a side surface of another groove adjacent to said side surface is further from said side surface than the above point. Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein the arc-shaped portions are plural. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 2, wherein the plurality of arcuate portions are continuous. Item 4: The recessed portion (Cx) of the plurality of arcuate portions and the plurality of arcuate portions are in contact with each other on either one side or the other side centered on the length direction of at least a portion of the groove portion 4. The decorative body according to Item 3, wherein the corner portions (Cr) are alternately continuous. Item 5: The interior of the groove is void, or the side surface of the groove has a metallic luster, and the side surface of the groove has a plurality of striped unevenness, and the plurality of unevenness is parallel to the length direction of the groove. or at least one of forming an angle of 70° to 110° with the length direction, and the height of the unevenness is preferably 1 to 40 μm, more preferably 2 to 20 μm, and further preferably 4 to 10 μm. or the arithmetic mean waviness W _a or the maximum height waviness W _z is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1 or more, and still more preferably 2 or more (cutoff λ c 0.08 mm). Item 5. The decorative body according to items 1 to 4.

<<Thirteenth Embodiment>>
The present embodiment relates to a decorative body lighting installation ZI comprising the decorative bodies and the like according to the above-described embodiments and an illumination unit I for irradiating light from a specific range. The decorative body Z of FIG. 18 is composed of a base material upper layer M14 having transparency and a base material lower layer M15 having a lower transmittance than that. When light is incident from the end surface X of the decorative body Z, if the absolute value of the incident angle θF with respect to the surface portion F is greater than 90°, the light is reflected by the transparent surface portion F, and the upper base layer M14 and the lower base layer M14 are reflected. It hits the interface W with M15. If the end face X has a pattern of unevenness or color, a contrast image of light corresponding to the pattern is projected onto the interface W. As shown in FIG. The decorative body Z may have a groove portion G, a color surface layer U, a color belt portion K, and the like. The grooves G and the like further reflect/transmit/non-transmit light, resulting in complex changes due to contrast images. The groove portion G may have a pattern and may satisfy the above conditions. At least one of the end face X, the surface portion F, the interface W, and the side surface S has the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra , maximum height roughness R _z , arithmetic mean waviness W _a , and maximum height waviness described in paragraphs 0029, 0030, etc. If at least one of the conditions such as _Wz is satisfied, the contrast image becomes clearer. If the light from the illumination section I is diffuse light, the bright and dark image spreads over a wide range of the interface, and if it has high directivity, the bright and dark image becomes clear. The central axis of illumination light (illuminance the straight line connecting the highest points). When there are a plurality of areas with the highest illuminance or an area, the center of the range is taken as the central axis. In addition, a black light-shielding paper is placed at a position 50 mm from the illumination surface between the tip portion and the illumination surface. The light-shielding paper is parallel to the light-shielding surface and one side intersects the central axis. If there are multiple or areas with the highest illuminance, the shading paper blocks the multiple highest illuminance or areas. When light is irradiated, the light diffusion width is defined as the shortest distance between the center axis and the part with 110% of the illuminance of the completely shadowed part of the light-shielding paper on the illumination surface. The illumination diffusion width may be preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, still more preferably 10 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or less. Sunlight during daylight hours usually satisfies this condition. The incident angle of light is the angle between the central axis of the light and the plane of incidence.

When the illumination plane is placed perpendicular to the central axis of the illumination light at a position 30 cm from the tip of the light emitting part of the illumination unit I (the tip of the lens or protective material if the tip is not exposed), the illumination plane The point where the central axis intersects with (the point with the highest illuminance in the illumination plane) and the point where the illuminance is 1/2 of the illuminance at the intersecting point, twice the angle seen from the tip, is the illumination light be the directivity angle. The directivity angle of the illumination unit I may be preferably 30° or less, more preferably 20° or less, still more preferably 10° or less, and even more preferably 5° or less.

In order to satisfy θF>90°, there is, for example, the following method. (1) As shown in FIG. a, the lighting section I is positioned in the Z negative direction (back side R side) from the decoration Z, and illuminates the decoration Z from behind. The lighting section I may be embedded inside the mounting surface. The illumination section I may have a light blocking section so that light does not leak to portions other than the end surface X. FIG. (2) The lighting section I side of the decorative body Z is lifted from the mounting surface, and the lighting section I irradiates substantially parallel to the mounting surface. (3) As shown in FIG. b, part of the end surface X is tapered, and the rear surface portion R side is farther from the illumination portion I than the front surface portion F side. The illumination unit I irradiates through this tapered end surface X. As shown in FIG. The absolute value of at least part of the angle θXF formed by the surface portion F and the end face X is preferably 20 to 70°, more preferably 30 to 60°, further preferably 35 to 55°, and even more preferably 40 to 50°. good. The end face X may be substantially planar or curved such as concave or convex. (4) The lighting section I irradiates the mounting surface side with light, and the mirror between the decorative body Z and the lighting section I reflects the light toward the end surface X. The mirror may be parallel to the mounting surface, and the absolute value of the angle θMR formed with the mounting surface may be from 0° to 15°. (5) The substrate upper layer M14 is wedge-shaped, and light enters from the open side of the wedge-shaped substrate upper layer M14. The angle formed by the surface portion F and the interface W is preferably greater than 0° and 60° or less, more preferably 3° or more and 45° or less, still more preferably 5° or more and 30° or less, still more preferably 8° or more and 20°. It can be below. In order to form the base material upper layer M14 in such a wedge shape, the bonding section 52 may be formed by tilting, grinding, and polishing a normal flat transparent material plate 20 and then bonding the material plates 20 together. A spacer may be interposed on one side of the tapered shape, and MMA syrup or the like may be poured into the gap to polymerize. (1) to (5) may be combined. In the case of (3), when θXF is small, the side surface S reflected by the end surface X may be visible when the observer views the surface portion F from the front. In the case of combination with the sixth embodiment, the color of the color strip K may be visible, which is undesirable. To avoid this, |θXF|≧50° is preferable and |θXF|≧45° is more preferable.

If there is a gap between the surface portion F and the groove portion G, light passes through the gap and reaches deeper. If the covering portion T is located on the surface portion F side and has a thickness of preferably 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.8 mm or more, and even more preferably 1.5 mm or more, this effect is brought about. The smaller the taper angle, the greater the extent to which the light from the side surface S escapes to the opposite side of the ornamental body Z, and the larger the range centered on the center of the front surface where the reflected image of the side surface S cannot be seen. A small illuminating part I such as an LED may be incorporated so as to fill in the portion missing due to the taper. As the taper angle increases, the following features are obtained. (1) The angle formed by the central axis of the light from the illumination section I and the surface portion F when the incident angle to the surface portion F is the same increases toward the surface portion F side. That is, when the surface portion F is parallel to the mounting wall surface Wa, even if the lighting unit I is separated from the mounting wall surface Wa, the above effects are exhibited. Therefore, the degree of freedom of the size, shape, mounting method, etc. of the illumination unit I is improved. (2) On the other hand, since the tip portion is sharp, it is necessary to take countermeasures against a decrease in strength and an increase in danger. (3) When viewed from the front, the portion without the base material lower layer M15 becomes wider, which may reduce the decorativeness of the substrate, but may contribute to the decorativeness depending on the purpose of use. (4) If the taper angle is less than 90°, the tapered portion becomes prism-like, and the projected image shows light. This spectrum becomes conspicuous and the range of rainbow colors widens. When the light directly striking the surface portion F is blocked, the rainbow colors become more vivid. The thickness of the base material upper layer M14 is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, still more preferably 7 mm or more, and even more preferably 9 mm or more, and the end face X is widened, so that the same effect can be obtained. If the end surface X has unevenness as described in paragraph 0030, a unique visual effect is produced. Planing and buffing, for example, provide this. In addition, if there is an interface with a different color from the base material upper layer M14 or the covering portion T at the surface portion F or parallel to it, it will be reflected on the projected image on the interface W, and the shadow of that portion will be different from the other portions. Exhibit different colors and brightness. Specifically, a colored or colorless, transparent or opaque color surface layer, air bubbles, voids, wrinkles, or other colors between the covering portion T and the base material upper layer M14 can provide a design effect.

If at least one of the illumination section I and the decorative body Z is movable, the contrast image changes as it moves. For example, if the decorative body Z is attached to the door and the illumination unit I is installed on a fixed wall or semi-fixed to the door so as to swing, the incident angle θF changes according to the opening and closing of the door. The illumination unit I may blink, or the color and irradiation position may be changed. A plurality of illumination units I may perform it sequentially. In the present embodiment, the surface portion F is the exposed surface of the upper substrate layer M14 on the side opposite to the lower substrate layer M15. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-025860, light is applied to the end face of a decorative body having an upper substrate layer having transparency and a lower substrate layer having lower permeability than that at an angle of incidence of more than 90° on the surface portion F. Irradiation is not mentioned. The decorative body Z may have an optical interface in addition to the end face X on which light is incident. An optical interface is an interface at which the properties of light before and after transmission through the interface change due to differences in refractive index, transmittance, and the like. This interface may be any one of the end surface X, the side surface S of the groove portion G, and the interface between the color surface layer U and the base material portion M. All of them transmit, refract, or totally reflect light depending on the angle of incidence of the light, resulting in a visual effect. This interface whose absolute value of the angle with respect to at least a part of the surface portion F is equal to or less than the single-sided total reflection angle or the double-sided total reflection angle may satisfy the surface roughness conditions described in paragraphs 0029 and 0030, and the surface It may satisfy the swell condition. The former sharpens the reflected light pattern, and the latter adds subtle shading to the reflected light pattern. If the illumination portion I, the end surface X, the groove portion G, the color belt portion K, etc. have characters, patterns, or the like, the pattern is projected onto the interface W. FIG. The above also generally holds when the surface portion F has a thin film such as a hard coat.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decoration lighting equipment comprising a decoration having a layer having transparency joined in a laminated state and a layer having a lower permeability than the layer having transparency, and an illumination unit for irradiating the decoration with light. wherein the layer having permeability has a surface portion which is an outer interface on the opposite side of the layer with low permeability, and the surface portion is irradiated perpendicularly from the opposite side of the layer with low outer permeability. Assuming that the incident angle of the light is 0°, the illumination section irradiates the surface portion with light at an incident angle larger than 90° (on the optical path from the illumination section to the surface portion inside the decorative body). There shall be no reflection of light in the decorative body lighting equipment. Item 2: The decorative lighting equipment according to Item 1, wherein the surface portion has an average roughness of 1 μm or less. Item 3: The decorative body lighting equipment according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the decorative body has an optical interface different from an end face on which light is incident. Item 4: The decorative lighting equipment according to Item 3, wherein at least part of the interface is not parallel to the surface portion. Item 5: The decorative lighting equipment according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the interface is a groove. Item 6: The decorative lighting equipment according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the interface has an average roughness of 1 μm or less. Item 7: The decorative lighting equipment according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the color of the interface is the same as that of the transparent layer. Item 8: The decorative lighting equipment according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the absolute value of the angle of at least a portion of the interface with respect to the surface portion F is equal to or less than the one-sided total reflection angle. Item 9: The item according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein an angle between an end surface of the decorative body that receives light from the illumination unit and the surface portion on the side of the transparent layer is 20 to 70°. Decorative lighting fixtures. Item 10: The interface is not exposed to the outside of the decorative body, and the layer having the permeability is provided between the interface and the layer having low permeability, and the layer having the permeability The interface and the surface Item 10. The decorative lighting equipment according to any one of items 1 to 9, which has a layer practically having the same color as the layer having transparency between the part.

<<14th embodiment>>
Conventionally, decorative images using glitter are known, such as the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-005965. However, this decorative image uses paper or the like as a support, has no or weak surface protection, and does not have the strength and weather resistance to stand on its own. The object of the present embodiment may be to provide a highly durable material/decorative body that can be manufactured inexpensively and easily, and that can be used for outdoor sign applications. In this embodiment, the bonding portion 52 bonds the low-transmittance layer MO or the like with the adhesive layer A to the rear surface portion R side of the flat colored layer MC containing the flat coloring agent C. FIG. The flat colorant C is not particularly limited, but includes at least one of aluminum, aluminum oxide, titanium, titanium oxide, gold, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium, tin, zinc, indium, and silicon dioxide. Further, it may have a film such as resin on the outside, it may be a thin piece or film of glass or resin, it may further have a film such as the above metal on the outside, or it may be mica or synthetic mica. Glitter containing metal mainly exhibits metallic luster, which is specular reflection by the metal, and emits a color and shine that are significantly different from those of other parts. This improves the decorativeness. The metallic luster of the glitter can be discerned by the visible or invisible reflection of each minute portion as the direction of the light source changes. In addition, since reflected light is not polarized with metallic luster, the reflection state does not change even if the angle of the polarizing filter changes during observation through the polarizing filter. Metallic luster is distinguished from the reflection of resin, glass, etc. by this feature. The flat colorant C is not limited to glitter, and may be a colored film cut into squares, rectangles, or the like. The flat colorant C may be a general pigment, but the visibility is improved if the flakes are larger and flatter. For visibility, the maximum length lC of the flake is preferably 0.02 mm or more, more preferably 0.05 mm or more, still more preferably 0.1 mm or more, still more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and even more preferably It may be 0.4 mm or more. Although the upper limit is not limited, the longer the length is with respect to the thickness of the adhesive layer A, the more flat colorant C particles may be oriented and exhibit a uniform reflection state. For reflective effects in multiple directions, the maximum length lC may preferably be 40 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, even more preferably 10 mm or less. As shown in FIG. 19a, in the flat colorant C, the thickness tC is the shortest length among the diameters of a cross section passing through the midpoint of the maximum length lC and orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length lC. Then, the maximum length lC/thickness tC is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 20 or more, and even more preferably 40 or more. When the flat colorant C is curved, the thickness tC is the thickness of the main body of the flat colorant C, not the span length including the amount of curvature. In the flat colorant C, the length in the direction perpendicular to both the maximum length lC and the thickness tC is preferably 2 times or more, more preferably 4 times or more, and even more preferably 8 times or more of the thickness tC. good. These measurements may be performed by observing the sample from each direction with a scanning electron microscope or the like, or may be the same as the method using a scanner in Paragraph 0016 or the like.

The transmissive portion MT, which is a portion of the flat colored layer MC other than the flat coloring agent C, may satisfy the total light transmittance condition described in paragraph 0015. Luminous transmittance of the transmission part MT (D65, or luminous transmittance τV: JIS T 7333 / ISO8980-3, transmittance of a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel light transmittance ratio) is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more (CM-5, 10° field of view, D65, 00 total transmission or in special cases Measurements after specular transmission approximation, auto-calibration, or calibrations of 0 and 100. Similar measurements elsewhere in this specification are essentially the same.Luminous transmittance is measured by CM-5 Yxy or Y value of XYZ). However, when the flat colored layer MC contains a large amount of the flat coloring agent C, the transmittance is uneven, making it difficult to measure these, and the measured values may not reflect the actual transmittance. In that case, a visual comparison with a specimen having a uniform transmittance may be performed. The brightness of the flat colorant C is maximized by the contrast with the background low-transmittance layer MO. Therefore, it may not be desirable for the flat colorant C to fill the flat colored layer MC and shield the low-transmittance layer MO. The ratio of the portion occupied by the flat coloring agent C in the flat colored layer MC is preferably 2 to 80%, more preferably 4 to 70%, still more preferably 8 to 60%. However, when the decoration Z does not have the low-permeability layer MO, this ratio may exceed 80%. The target of the measurement is a scanned image of the flat colored layer MC from which the low-transmitting layer MO has been removed, by a transmitted light source. The image is a square, grayscale positive image, no sharpness, and the image resolution is set such that the maximum length lC is close to 1/10 to 1/20 of a side of the image. The tone curve at the time of scanning is linear (or a gamma value of 1). is tone-converted. Further, this image is converted to two gradations with a threshold of 50%. The percentage of black in this image is the desired percentage. However, in this measurement method, the smaller the flat coloring agent C, the larger the ratio of the contour length to the area, so the flare from the light source has a greater influence, and the ratio of the flat coloring agent C tends to be reflected smaller than it actually is. There is Therefore, as described above, the range is wide on the side where the ratio is small. The flat colorant C may be of a color practically different from that of the transmissive portion MT. The distributing section 51 may manufacture the material plate 20 by distributing and kneading the flat colorant C with the material of the transmitting section MT such as MMA in a known process such as a casting method. If the flat colored layer MC does not have a layer on the surface portion F side and is exposed on the surface portion F side as shown in FIG. , is reduced by the amount of contaminants in the optical path from the entrance to the exit. Thereby, the glittering effect of the flat colorant C is improved.

In addition, when the widest surface of each flat colorant C is randomly oriented in various directions, the effect of sequentially blinking the flat colorants C at different positions according to changes in the viewpoint and the direction of the light is enhanced. . This degree is defined as a flat direction randomness rate, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, even more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% It can be more than that. The maximum is 100%, but usually it does not reach 100% because there are flat colorants C that do not shine and flat colorants C that shine in both directions. The flat direction randomness factor can be measured by the following method. For an arbitrary point on the surface portion F side of the flat colored layer MC from which the low-transmittance layer MO has been removed, five images of the same number of pixels are photographed from the same position in the z negative (positive) direction in the same photographing range. . At that time, the focal length, the photographing distance, and the range of the screen are adjusted so that the maximum length lC is close to 1/10 to 1/20 of the short side of the image, and the angle of viewing the short side from the center of the exposure surface is 12°. adjusted. Five images A, B, C, D, and E are shot under different illumination conditions. Among them, A, B, C, and D are oblique directions at 45° to the perpendicular to the center of the object to be photographed, and from four directions that are perpendicular or parallel (opposite) to each other when viewed from the z direction ( For example, from each oblique direction of A: top, B: bottom, C: left, and D: right), the image is captured by illuminating with a sufficiently large surface light source. The light source may be illumination with gentle attenuation, such as one lamp, and may be installed at a distance such that the luminance difference in the illumination plane is 1/10 or less. The background of the flat colored layer MC is a sufficiently low reflection surface such as non-reflection cloth. E is illuminated with diffuse light from the background side. The amount of light is adjusted so that all five points have the same exposure conditions. All five points are converted to two gradations in the manner described above. Difference components are added to two sets of images of two points whose irradiation directions are opposite to each other when viewed in the z-direction to obtain two images of two points. The ratio of the component obtained by summing the differences between the two images to the total component of the flat colorant C is the value to be obtained. In other words, it is the total number of pixels of the difference (not including the overlapping part) in the composite image of the image in which A and B are overlapped in the absolute difference mode and the image in which C and D are overlapped in the same way, and the black of C. is a percentage display of the quotient divided by the number of pixels.

The low-transmittance layer MO may have various colors such as white and black, may be colorless and transparent, and may contain a flat colorant C different from the flat colored layer MC. The low-permeability layer MO may contain the same flat colorant C as the flat colored layer MC. The luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV, transmittance in a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel light transmittance) is preferably 30% or less, more preferably It may be 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less. The total light transmittance of the low-transmitting layer MO may be preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, even more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less. Incidentally, the total light transmittance is generally used for the measurement of a transparent body, but in this case, for the sake of convenience, it is applied mutatis mutandis to the measurement of an opaque or nearly opaque resin. The L value of L ^* a ^* b ^* of the low-permeability layer MO is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5 or less, still more preferably 2 or less, or the V value of the Munsell color system, preferably is 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, still more preferably 1 or less, the contrast between flat colorant C and the background is particularly large (CM-5, reflected light measurement, SCE, D65, 10° field of view). The low-permeability layer MO may be a wall surface Wa, a floor surface, a table surface, or the like. The decoration body Z may be installed on the wall surface or the like using not only the adhesive 23 but also construction hardware such as screws, decorative hardware, that is, metal fittings (including non-metallic products such as plastic and wood). As a result, the decorative body Z can be installed in a state of floating from the wall surface. The flat colored layer MC, the low-transmittance layer MO, and the covering portion T, which will be described later, may have the same flexural modulus range as that of the material plate 20 described in paragraph 0014.

The thickness of the flat colored layer MC reduces the amount of transmission of ultraviolet rays, thereby reducing the fading of the flat coloring agent C and the like. When the flat colored layer MC contains a (meth)acrylate such as PMMA, it has a particularly large UV shielding effect. In addition, when the thickness of the flat colored layer MC is preferably 1.4 mm or more, more preferably 1.8 mm or more, more preferably 2.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.8 mm or more, the UV blocking action is enhanced. big. The thickness may be 1 mm or more or 1.5 mm or more. Furthermore, the thicker the flat colored layer MC, the more various directions the flat coloring agent C generally faces, so the effect of observing flickering at various positions when the line of sight is moved increases. In addition, since the width of the distribution position of the flat colorant C in the thickness direction of the layer is widened, the three-dimensional effect is improved. For this three-dimensional effect, the ratio of the thickness of the portion where the flat coloring agent C is distributed to the thickness of the flat colored layer MC is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and still more preferably 60%. 80% or more, more preferably 80% or more. When the portion where the flat colorant C is distributed is divided into a plurality of portions in the thickness direction, the thickness is the sum of the thicknesses. Further, the thickness of the portion where the flat colorant C is distributed may be preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, further preferably 1.5 mm or more. If the thickness of the low-transmittance layer MO is preferably 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.9 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 1.8 mm or more, it becomes sufficiently opaque. This thickness may be 1 mm or more or 1.4 mm or more. In addition, the protection of the flat coloring agent C is strengthened, and sufficient durability can be obtained even outdoors. The overall thickness of the decorative body Z may be preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, still more preferably 4 mm or more. As a result, the decorative body Z can stand on its own and obtain robustness. Although the upper limit of the thickness is not particularly limited, it is practically 1000 mm or less or 500 mm or less in consideration of the luster effect and weight of the flat colorant C. Although the size is not limited, considering the size of the material plate 20 available at the time of filing, the practical maximum size is about 2200×3300 mm. The minimum size at which the glitter of the flat colorant C is visible is about 3×3 mm.

Two bonding portions among the flat colored layer MC, the low-permeability layer MO, and the adhesive layer A may be chemical diffusion bonding. The difference in height of the irregularities at that portion may be preferably 0.01 mm or more, more preferably 0.02 mm or more, still more preferably 0.05 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or more. As a result, the three layers are strongly integrated and are less likely to peel off even in harsh environments such as rainwater. The spraying unit 51 mixes and stirs, for example, 60 parts by weight of MMA such as Acryester M manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and 30 to 60 parts by weight of PMMA powder, and adds a polymerization initiator such as benzoyl peroxide and a polymerization initiator such as dicyclohexyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate. A small amount of about 0.1 parts by weight of a plasticizer or the like (can be adjusted according to the temperature, etc.) is added, and this is applied, dropped, or filled in the flat colored layer MC or the low-permeability layer MO (in this specification, these are referred to as This is generically referred to as coating, which is a spraying step S51). The lamination portion 52 is formed by stacking the flat colored layer MC and the low-permeability layer MO, heating them in a hot water bath or the like at a temperature of about 60 to 100° C. slightly lower than the glass transition point or melting point of each layer for several hours to several days, and then slowly heating. It may be cooled (pasting step S52). Since this contains MMA, if the material plate 20 is PMMA, it may be easily integrated by polymerization, resulting in stronger chemical diffusion bonding. A similar effect may be obtained with modified acrylates. By bonding with the adhesive layer A in this way, the decorative body Z having a thickness of 3 mm or more can be easily manufactured without using large-scale equipment. The adhesive layer A may satisfy the conditions of the total light transmittance described in paragraph 0015, and the luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV, transmittance in a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffusion Light transmittance/parallel light transmittance) may be preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, still more preferably 90% or more. The thickness of the adhesive layer A may be preferably 0.03 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, still more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.8 mm or more. This can be adjusted by the spacer, the viscosity of the adhesive 25, the thickness and specific gravity of the flat colored layer MC, the weight applied during bonding, and the like. Alternatively, if the colored layer joining portion 55 sandwiches a colored layer U such as a marking film between the flat colored layer MC and the low-transmittance layer MO, the thickness of the adhesive layer A can be adjusted by the thickness of the colored layer U. The surface of the flat colored layer MC is often uneven due to the influence of the flat coloring agent C. If the adhesive layer A has a thickness within the above range, the irregularities are filled and good bonding is achieved. In particular, when the flat coloring agent C is a resin piece on which a metal such as aluminum is vapor-deposited, the flat coloring agent C transmits part of the incident light. When the transmitted light is reflected at the interface between the flat colored layer MC and the low-transmitting layer MO, the flat coloring agent C affects the directly reflected light. In other words, the reflection of the flat colorant C is smudged and its contrast is lowered. In order to prevent such a phenomenon, it is preferable that the flat colored layer MC and the low-transmittance layer MO are separated from each other. Therefore, it is preferable that the adhesive layer A has the above thickness. However, if the adhesive layer A is too thick, it may be a problem in terms of weight and color development. Therefore, the thickness of at least part of the adhesive layer A may be preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, still more preferably 1.5 mm or less, even more preferably 1 mm or less, and most preferably 0.5 mm or less. A portion of the thickness may exceed this due to warping of the material plate 20 or the like. The thickness of the adhesive layer A is preferably 1/2 or less, more preferably 1/5 or less, still more preferably 1/10 or less of the thickness of at least one of the flat colored layer MC or the low-permeability layer MO. Preferably, it may be 1/20 times or less.

If the color layer U has the adhesive Ad, the color layer joining portion 55 can easily join the color layer U to the low-transmittance layer MO. In that case, the adhesive Ad has a shape that conforms to the shape of the color layer U. If the color surface layer U is a flexible adhesive sheet such as a roll, it is particularly easy to bond it to the plate material. If the bonding portion 52 then bonds the flat colored layer MC, the color surface layer U and the flat colored layer MC may be chemical diffusion bonded. The adhesive Ad and the low-permeability layer MO are often not chemical diffusion bonded. If the color surface layer U and the low-transmittance layer MO have different colors, the flat colorant C presents a plurality of appearances against a background of a plurality of colors. Further, since the colored surface layer U is protected by the flat colored layer MC, it has sufficient light resistance and weather resistance even for outdoor use. The colored surface layer joining portion 55 may process the colored surface layer U on the surface portion F side of the flat colored layer MC, and the coating processing portion 46 may process the coating portion T thereon. In that case, the colored surface layer U between the flat colored layer MC and the low-transmittance layer MO may or may not exist. Among the spectral transmittance or spectral reflectance of the color layer U, the difference in transmittance or reflectance between a certain wavelength and another wavelength is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 60%. % or more. Further, the difference in spectral transmittance or spectral reflectance at a certain wavelength between the color layer U and the low-transmittance layer MO may be preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, still more preferably 60% or more. With these, characters and the like are displayed clearly. Measurement is by CM-5 or the like. Further, when a plurality of color layers U sandwich the flat colored layer MC, each color layer U looks different. For example, from the surface portion F side of the decorative body Z in FIG. appears to ride on it. Furthermore, in a plurality of color layers U with another layer sandwiched between them, such as the color layer U11 and the color layer U12, or in a plurality of color layers U directly overlapping each other, one may follow the shape of the other, A part may have a shape that conforms to the shape of another part. Such a plurality of color surface layers U may be on the same side or on different sides with respect to the flat colored layer MC. For example, if the color layer U11 is a negative image of the color layer U12 (the color layer U12 is a character and the color layer U11 is a blank character, etc.), an observer (not shown) faces the front surface portion F (z negative (positive) direction), the color layer U12 can be seen from the transmissive portion of the color layer U11, and when viewed from an oblique direction, the color of the low-transmission layer MO can be seen outside the outline of a part of the color layer U12. It has a sensory effect. A similar effect can be obtained even if both or one of the color layer U11 and the color layer U12 is punched. The relationship between the color layer U11 and the color layer U12 is not exactly positive/negative, and either one may be thicker or larger. The shape in which one side conforms to the shape of the other also includes the following case; the color layer U11 is punched into a plurality of character shapes, and the color layer U12 is the punched hole portion of the color layer U11. The color layer U11 is cut into a rectangular shape that is one size larger than the color layer U11 so that the entire range visible through the window can be seen; The color surface layer U12 is cut so that each word has a different color; that is, the color surface layer U12 is divided into a plurality of colors, and the boundary portions are hidden by the color surface layer U11 on the covering part T side. A plurality of color layers U are sandwiched between the flat colored layer MC and the low-transmittance layer MO, which are partially cut into the same shape, and the upper color layer U is the lower color layer U or the lower color layer U is one size larger than the upper color layer U and borders. A plurality of color plane layers U may overlap in the z direction. When three or more color layers U overlap in the z-direction, they may be divided into a plurality of joining portions or adhesive layers A. A plurality of colored layers U may be provided between the low-transmittance layer MO and the flat colored layer MC. As a result, even if the low-transmittance layer MO is an achromatic color such as white or transparent (having the same transmittance as that of the transmissive portion MT), the background color of characters can be freely selected. When a plurality of color plane layers U are directly overlapped and one layer has a shape following the shape of another layer, the following effects can be obtained. If one layer is one size larger than the other layer and covers the range of the other layer, when the color surface layer U is attached, air bubbles will not enter the border and float, and color change and oxygen will not occur. fading due to contamination is suppressed. Peeling due to shrinkage is also prevented. An image or the like may be printed on the color surface layer U, the flat colored layer MC, the low-transmittance layer MO, and the covering portion T by a UV printer or the like. These may be pre-printed materials. The color surface layer U may be printed in this manner. The adhesive Ad of the printed color surface layer U such as transparent may be bonded to the flat colored layer MC. The color surface layer U and the flat colorant C may be cloth, paper, sand, petals, leaves, wings of insects, or the like. The color surface layer U does not have color shading or gradation change in the same layer like a general marking film, and may be a single color, or may be practically the same color in each part. A character or the like may be displayed only by the presence or absence. The adhesive layer A may be used to fill in the portions where the color surface layer U is cut off in the form of holes or the like in characters or the like. The colored surface layer U may be the entire joint surface of the flat colored layer MC, the low-transmittance layer MO, and the adhesive layer A, or may be a part thereof. A large bonding strength can be obtained if it is a part. The color surface layer U does not have to be exposed on the end surface X. As a result, peeling of the color surface layer U is prevented. On the contrary, the color surface layer U may be exposed on the end surface X, and may cover the entire surface when the decoration Z is viewed from the front. However, when such a colored surface layer U is sandwiched between two other layers such as the flat colored layer MC, the bonding between them may be weak. Therefore, when the color layer U covers the entire surface of the decoration Z when viewed from the front, the color layer U may be exposed on the surface portion F side. The flat colored layer MC may have only the colored surface layer U on one or both sides, and may have neither the covering portion T nor the adhesive layer A. The colors of two or more color layers U out of the plurality of color layers U may be different from each other, and may be different in practice, and the rate of the interval on the side of the close side of the Munsell color wheel (D65) is , preferably 25 to 50, more preferably 35 to 50, more preferably 45 to 50, or the smaller angle at which they are separated in the H value of the HSV color space is preferably 90 to 180°, more preferably 120 ~180°, more preferably 150 to 180°, and at least one of them may have a chroma of preferably c6 or more, more preferably c7 or more, and still more preferably c8 or more in the Munsell color system (D65). A layer other than the adhesive layer A may be sandwiched between the colored surface layer U and the flat colored layer MC. If the colored surface layer U or the like on the surface portion F side is colored and transparent, the flat coloring agent C shines with that color, so that it looks different from the other portions. This effect can be strongly obtained when the luminous transmittance of the color layer U is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more. When the color surface layer U on the surface portion F side is white, it may appear dark due to the flat colorant C. If this is not preferable, the color surface layer U having a high lightness such as white should be closer to the surface portion F than the flat colored layer MC. Furthermore, since the lightness of the color surface layer U may appear lowered due to the covering portion T, the color surface layer U such as white may be exposed on the surface portion F. The L value of L ^* a ^* b ^* in the reflected light measurement of the color surface layer U suitable for this is preferably 60 or more, more preferably 70 or more, still more preferably 80 or more, still more preferably 90 or more, Munsell value may be preferably 6 or more, more preferably 7 or more, still more preferably 8 or more. The colored surface layer U may not be partially or wholly bonded to the flat colored layer MC or the like, and may have a gap therebetween. Alternatively, the area of the color layer U may be slightly narrower than the entire lamination surface, and the flat color layer MC and the low-transmittance layer MO may be joined or chemically diffusion-bonded to surround the color layer U. That is, a plurality of layers sandwiching the color layer U around the color layer U may be joined in a box shape. This provides a tight seal, facilitates the bonding process, and may make the color surface layer U appear brighter than when viewed through the adhesive layer A. However, in that case, due to the effect of the critical angle, the color of the color plane layer U may not be visible from a large viewing angle. Moreover, the bonding strength is lower than in the case where the color surface layer U is surface-bonded with the adhesive layer A.

The adhesive layer A may be colorless and transparent or practically the same color as the transmissive portion MT. At the joint portion between the adhesive layer A and the low-transmittance layer MO, the thinner the portion where the color continuously changes from the adhesive layer A to the low-transmittance layer MO, the more the diffusion of light at the interface is suppressed, which is preferable. In the continuously changing portion, that is, the region from the high transmittance portion to the low transmittance portion, the thickness of the portion where the transmittance changes, excluding the portion where the transmittance is constant (below the measurement limit), is 0 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, still more preferably 0.02 mm or less, preferably 1/10 or less of the thickness of the flat colored layer MC, more preferably 1/30 or less thereof, and 1/30 thereof More preferred are: The lower limit may be 0 or the limit of measurement. This can be measured by using a microscope image of the cross section of the joint. In the case of chemical diffusion bonding, this corresponds to the thickness of the interface between the adhesive layer A and the low-permeability layer MO. If the adhesive 25 contains a solvent, this portion tends to be thick. Further, if the refractive index of the adhesive layer A is smaller than the refractive index of the transmissive portion MT, total reflection occurs at the interface between them, resulting in stray light, which may lower the brightness contrast of the flat colorant C. FIG. If this is not desirable, the refractive index of the adhesive layer A should be equal to or greater than the refractive index of at least one of the transmissive portion MT or the low-transmissive layer MO. If the difference in refractive index between the adhesive layer A and the layer adjacent thereto is preferably 0.002 or more, more preferably 0.005 or more, and still more preferably 0.01 or more, more stray light incident from the end surface X Since the total reflection is repeated and the light passes through the end surface X on the opposite side, a decrease in contrast can be suppressed. However, if the difference in refractive index is too large, the interface between them will be conspicuous at the end face X, causing distortion of the refractive image and the like. If this is not desirable, the difference may be preferably 0.2 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less, and even more preferably 0.05 or less. Note that if at least one of the presence/absence of the flat colorant C, the refractive index, the transmittance, and the composition is different in the decoration Z, they are different layers. In a resin plate in which a resin monomer in which a flat colorant C is dispersed is molded into a plate shape, the flat colorant C is unevenly distributed on either the front surface or the back surface due to the difference in specific gravity between the flat colorant C and the resin monomer. I have something to do. In this case, the refractive index, color, and composition of the resin portion are substantially the same, and the density of the flat colorant C changes continuously in the thickness direction of the plate, and there is no particular boundary portion. layer.

The flat colored layer MC or the like may have at least one of the groove portion G and the end surface X, and at least one of the side surface S and the end surface X of the groove portion G may be mirror-finished. The portion reflects the flat coloring agent C and imparts a three-dimensional effect. Also, the portion reflects incident light due to the action of the critical angle, illuminating the neighboring flattened colorant C. The illuminated flat colorant C receives light from two directions, ie, direct light and reflected light from the light source, and three or more directions at the corners of the decorative body Z, and shines brighter and brighter than others. The arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of that portion is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.25 or less, still more preferably 0.1 or less, still more preferably 0.05 or less, and even more preferably 0.025 or less. , The maximum height roughness R _z is preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or less, and the lower limit may be the measurement limit (JIS B 0601 or ISO 4287 etc., the unit is μm, the cutoff λc is based on 0.08 mm, and is adjusted according to the expected measurement value). For this reason, the coating processing section 46 and the like may perform cutting of the outer periphery with a laser, edge processing with a mirror surface machine, buffing, and the like after joining. In particular, in the case of using a specular machine, a large number of streak-like streaks may remain on the end face X in a direction oblique to the surface portion F. This streak may be a gentle curve with R50 to 500 or R100 to 300 (mm) on the end face X. The angle formed by this streak with the line of intersection of the corners of the surface portion F and the end surface X is preferably 30 to 85°, more preferably 35 to 80°, more preferably 40 to 75°, and even more preferably 45 to 70°. is. When the unevenness of the streak portion is measured parallel to the corner portion, the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.3 or less, further preferably 0.1 or less, and even more preferably 0. 0.05 or less, and its arithmetic mean waviness W _a (cutoff λc of 0.08 or 0.25, depending on the pitch of the stripes) is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more, and still more preferably 0.05 or more. It may be 2 or more. 0.3 to 16 may be used. The arithmetic mean waviness W _a or the maximum height waviness W _z may be preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1 or more, still more preferably 2 or more (cutoff λc 0.08 mm). A cutoff λc of these undulations may be 0.025 mm if the pitch of the unevenness is small. The pitch of the asperities may be the arithmetic mean of the peak-to-peak distances of the periodic asperities appearing in the analytical curve of the surface waviness measurement, in which case the cutoff λc is 10 ^1/2 times or 10 times larger (smaller) than the analysis of the waviness measurement. may be used. In the mirror surface processing by the mirror surface machine, deterioration of the workpiece can be suppressed because the heat effect is small. For the effect of reflection, |θX|≧80°, where θX is the smaller angle formed by at least a portion of the end surface X or the side surface S and at least one of the front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R, and |θX|≧70° or |θX|≦90°. The angle formed by at least a part of the end surface X or the side surface S and at least one of the front surface portion F or the rear surface portion R may be preferably 70 to 110°, more preferably 80 to 100°, and further preferably 85 to 95°. . Furthermore, if the thickness of the flat colored layer MC is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.4 mm or more, more preferably 1.8 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.7 mm or more, an observer (not shown) can see this decoration. When the body Z is viewed from an oblique direction, the appearance of the flat colored layer MC (or the colored surface layer U) and the like changes between the end face X and the surface portion F due to the refraction action of the flat colored layer MC. Thereby, a three-dimensional effect can be obtained. At least part of the end surface X or the side surface S may satisfy the conditions of partial total reflection angle, single side total reflection angle, and double side total reflection angle. Including these cases, the low-transmittance layer MO may be omitted. The surface portion F may have an arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.03 or less, and even more preferably 0.01 or less, thereby improving the permeability.

During the mirror finish, there are cases where a step is formed near the boundary between the transparent portion MT and the adhesive layer A, polishing powder is left behind, and the design is roughened like air bubbles. These problems may be exacerbated during use by the influence of rainwater, ultraviolet rays, and the intrusion of dust. These tend to occur when the adhesive contains a solvent. When the transmissive portion MT and the adhesive layer A are colorless and transparent, they are particularly conspicuous. To prevent this, at least one of the following may be used. (1) The portion other than the flat colorant C and the adhesive layer A contain (meth)acrylate, and the weight ratio thereof to the whole is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more. (2) At least one of the transmissive portion MT or the adhesive layer A has a pencil hardness (using JIS K 5600 or the like) of preferably F to 5H, more preferably H to 4H, and even more preferably 2H to 3H. (3) The difference in pencil hardness between them is preferably 3 steps or less (F and 3H, etc.), more preferably 2 steps or less, still more preferably 1 step or less. (4) Rockwell hardness of at least one of the transmission part MT or the adhesive layer A (JIS B 7726, B 7730, K 7202-2, Z 2245, etc., measured with HR-530L manufactured by Mitutoyo Co., Ltd., HRMS-p) However, it is preferably 40 to 150, more preferably 60 to 130, still more preferably 80 to 110. (5) The difference in Rockwell hardness thereof is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 40 or less, still more preferably 30 or less. As a result, the end surface X becomes flush. Specifically, in at least a part of the boundary between the flat colored layer MC, the adhesive layer A, and the low-permeability layer MO, the depth of the unevenness in the direction perpendicular to the end face X is preferably 0.8 mm or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, even more preferably 0.05 mm or less, and most preferably 0.02 mm or less, or the end face X is measured perpendicular to the boundary direction The maximum height roughness _Rz may be preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, even more preferably 25 or less, even more preferably 10 or less, and even more preferably 5 or less. In both cases, the lower limit is the measurement limit. The depth of the unevenness can be read from the analysis profile of the surface roughness measuring machine. The unevenness includes depressions of the adhesive layer A with respect to the flat colored layer MC or the low-transmittance layer MO. When the colored surface layer U is exposed on the end surface X, if the difference in color between the transmissive portion MT and the adhesive layer A is large, the deterioration of the design is not noticeable. In order that the flat colorant C exposed on the end face X does not reduce the transparency of the end face X during processing, the flat colorant C may contain at least one of polyolefin, PET, and (meth)acrylate, and may contain PVC. It doesn't have to be. Further, each side of the decorative body Z may be chamfered by the bonding section 52 or the coating processing section 46 or the like. In order to prevent various accidents, the C surface (or R surface) is preferably C 0.05 (or R, unit is mm, hereinafter the same) to 2, more preferably 0.07 to 1, more preferably 0.1 ~0.5 is acceptable.

At least one of the front surface portion F, the back surface portion R, and the end surface X may have a hard coat layer, and may or may not have a primer layer as a base. The hard coat layer may preferably have a pencil hardness (JIS K 5600 or the like) of 3H or higher, more preferably 4H or higher, and even more preferably 5H or higher. The thickness of the hard coat layer (and the primer layer if included) may be preferably 0.1 to 100 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 30 μm, still more preferably 1 to 10 μm. The decorative body Z may have a covering portion T having a thickness of preferably 0.8 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and still more preferably 1.8 mm or more on the front surface portion F side or the rear surface portion R side. In the flat colored layer MC, the flat coloring agent C may be exposed to the outside. Rainwater or the like enters from there, and the flat coloring agent C is oxidized, peeled off, or the like, and the design may be deteriorated. The hard coat layer and the covering portion T prevent these. In addition, these cover the unevenness of the flat colored layer MC to improve the design. The covering portion T may have a hard coat layer thereon. A colored surface layer U may be interposed between the hard coat layer or covering portion T and the flat colored layer MC. When observed from the surface portion F side, the flat coloring agent C is hidden or placed on top of it, so it looks different from the color surface layer U between the flat colored layer MC and the low-permeability layer MO. . If the adhesive layer A having the thickness described above is sandwiched between the covering portion T and the flat colored layer MC, unevenness of the flat colored layer MC is eliminated, thereby improving the bonding strength. These may be chemical diffusion bonding. In this case, the low-transmittance layer MO may be omitted, and only the color surface layer U may be provided on the rear surface portion R side. The covering portion T may contain the flat coloring agent C, and the flat coloring agent C different from the flat coloring layer MC may be used.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a flat colored layer having transparency and in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed, and a flat coloring agent that is the same as the flat coloring layer. and an adhesive layer that bonds the flat colored layer to the non-containing layer, and in the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion, and the flat The maximum length of the coloring agent is 0.02 mm or more, and in at least a part of the flat coloring agent, each maximum length is a cross section passing through the midpoint of the maximum length and orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length. 5 times or more the shortest length passing through the midpoint of the diameter of the ornament. Item 2: The decoration according to Item 1, wherein the flat colored layer has a thickness of 1.5 mm or more in the stacking direction, and the non-containing layer has a thickness of 0.4 mm or more in the stacking direction. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the flat colored layer and the non-containing layer have a flexural modulus of 700 Mpa or more. Item 4: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of 0.03 mm or more in the stacking direction. Item 5: When the flat colored layer and the non-containing layer and the adhesive layer are chemical diffusion bonded, or when the flat colored layer and the non-containing layer are forcibly separated, the separated surface Item 5. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness R _a is at least one of 1 μm or more. Item 6: Any of Items 1 to 5, wherein a colored surface layer is provided between the flat colored layer and the non-containing layer, and the color of the colored surface layer is different from the color of the transparent portion and the adhesive layer. The ornamental body described in Crab. Item 7: The decoration according to Item 6, wherein the color surface layer has an adhesive layer. Item 8: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the non-containing layer has lower permeability than the permeable portion. Item 9: The flat colored layer has at least one of a groove portion and an end surface, the side surface or the end surface of the groove portion is not parallel to the interface between the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer, and at least part of the side surface or the end surface Item 9. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein is mirror-like. Item 10: The arithmetic mean roughness R _a of at least a part of the specular surface is preferably 0.5 (μm) or less, more preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.2 or less, and still more preferably 0.1 Item 9. A decoration according to Item 9, which is less than or equal to 0.05 or less. Item 11: The decorative body has a surface portion that is part of the outer interface, the flat coloring agent is observable through the surface portion, and the flat colored layer has at least one of a groove portion and an end surface. , the side surface or the end surface of the groove portion is not parallel to the interface between the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer, and at least a portion of the side surface or the end surface and a perpendicular line drawn from the at least a portion to the surface including the surface portion, or Item 1, wherein the absolute value of the angle formed with the normal is preferably arcsin (1/n) or less, more preferably 90-2 arcsin (1/n)° or less (where n is the refractive index of the base material) 11. The decorative body according to any one of 10. Item 12: The flat colored layer, the non-containing layer and the adhesive layer have an end face that is an interface with the outside, and the end face is not parallel to the interface between the flat colored layer and the adhesive layer and is exposed on the end face In at least a part of the boundary between the non-containing layer and the adhesive layer, the depth of the unevenness in the direction perpendicular to the end face is preferably 0.8 mm or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or less. More preferably 0.2 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, even more preferably 0.05 mm or less, most preferably 0.02 mm or less, or the maximum height roughness measured perpendicularly to the boundary direction of the end face Item 12. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein at least one of _Rz is 100 μm or less. Item 13: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein at least part of the corners of each outer surface of the decoration has a C of 0.05 mm or more or an R of 0.05 mm or more. Item 14: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein the refractive index of the adhesive layer is equal to or higher than the refractive index of the transparent portion. Item 15: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 14, wherein the refractive index of the adhesive layer is 0.002 or more greater than the refractive index of the transparent portion. Item 16: In the region from the high transmittance portion to the low transmittance portion of the joint portion, the thickness of the portion where the transmittance changes is 0.5 mm or less, excluding the portion where the transmittance is constant. 16. The decorative body according to any one of 15. Item 17: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 16, wherein the flat colorant exhibits metallic luster. Item 18: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 17, which displays at least one of images, characters, logos, graphics, and patterns. Item 19: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 18, wherein the surface of the flat colored layer opposite to the adhesive layer is the outermost surface. Item 20: A decoration characterized by manufacturing the decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 19, having a spraying section for applying an adhesive to a material and a bonding section for bonding a plurality of materials. body manufacturing equipment. Item 21: A decorative body characterized by manufacturing the decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 20, comprising a spraying step of applying an adhesive to a material and a sticking step of joining a plurality of materials. Production method. Item 01: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a flat colored layer having transparency and in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed, and one of the flat colored layers having transparency and an adhesive layer for bonding the flat colored layer to another layer, wherein in the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion. , the maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and in at least a part of the flat colorant, each maximum length passes through the midpoint of the maximum length and extends in the direction of the maximum length A decoration having a diameter of at least 5 times the shortest length passing through the midpoint among the diameters of cross sections perpendicular to each other. The decorative body according to item 01 may further include the features of any one of items 2 to 7 or items 9 to 19 above.

<<Fifteenth embodiment>>
The thicker the flat colored layer MC and the wider the width of the distribution of the flat coloring agent C in the z direction, the more the effect of the three-dimensional effect of the flat coloring agent C is improved. For this purpose, the laminating section 52 may laminate a plurality of flat colored layers MC as shown in FIG. 20a. The thickness of these flat colored layers MC may be within the range described in paragraphs 0115 and 0119 and the like. Furthermore, if the adhesive layer A has a thickness within the range of the above paragraph 0116, etc., the layer containing the flat colorant C and the transparent layer are alternately overlapped, and the flat colorant C on the front surface portion F side and the back surface portion R side is Since the distance in the z-direction increases, the three-dimensional effect is further emphasized. In addition, the decorative body Z having a high ratio can be manufactured by using the material plate 20 in which the ratio of the portion occupied by the flat coloring agent C in the flat colored layer MC is low. A plate having a high ratio and a small plate thickness has a high density of the flat colorant C, and therefore has low strength as a plate material and is often easily broken. On the other hand, in the case of a plurality of laminated plates made of plates with a low ratio, the strength of the adhesive layer A between them also contributes, and the flexural strength, tensile strength, etc. of the decorative body Z are improved. This effect increases as the flat colorant C increases. This effect is particularly large if the maximum length lC is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more, still more preferably 5 mm or more, and still more preferably 10 mm or more. If each layer of the plurality of flat colored layers MC contains flat coloring agents C of different colors and sizes, a more multi-layered decorative effect can be obtained. The flat colored layers MC containing different flat colorants C may be arranged not only in the stacking direction (z direction, the direction perpendicular to the joint surface) but also in the xy direction (each direction including the joint surface). If the boundary between them or the presence or absence of the flat colored layer MC, which will be described later, is hidden by the color surface layer U, the colors of the respective elements in the transmissive portions in the color surface layer U will differ , the flat colorants C of different colors are visible), and the decorativeness is improved. In this case, the transparency of the color layer U is preferably low, and its luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV, transmittance in a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel Light transmittance) may be preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, still more preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 3% or less. However, this is not the case when the effect that the reflection of the flat colored layer MC can be seen through the colored layer U is desired. Even if the flat colored layer MC is a single layer, if the colored surface layer U is on the surface portion F side of the flat colored layer MC, the shadow of the colored surface layer U is distributed at various heights in the z direction. It corresponds to C and presents a three-dimensional effect that cannot be obtained with ordinary transparent materials. It is similar to the state in which the direction of light is visualized three-dimensionally by shining a ray of sunlight through a gap in a curtain against countless dust particles floating in a room. If the flat colored layer MC is laminated, this effect is further enhanced, and together with the thickness of the adhesive layer A, a deeper sense of depth is exhibited. The number of laminated flat colored layers MC may be 3 or more, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Although there is no upper limit to the number, it is safe to limit the number to about 10 to 20 depending on the size of the flat colorant C or the transmittance of the adhesive layer A and the transmission portion MT. This is because the transmittance of the flat colored layer MC on the back surface portion R side when viewed from the front surface portion F tends to decrease as the number increases. A layer not containing the flat coloring agent C or a layer entirely colorless and transparent or colored and transparent may be inserted between the plurality of flat colored layers MC. If the thickness of the layer is preferably 0.9 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and still more preferably 1.8 mm or more, the three-dimensional effect in the depth direction is increased. However, for the illumination efficiency when the light hits from the front, the flat colorant C may not be included and the layer having the above thickness may be omitted. Bonding of the plurality of flat colored layers MC does not have to be based on the adhesive layer A, and may be performed by mechanical bonding such as an adhesive, adhesive tape, screws, etc., which is not heat welding or chemical diffusion bonding.

As the number of flat colored layers MC increases and the thickness of the decorative body Z increases, the weight of the decorative body Z increases, and the mounting cost on the wall and the risk of falling increase. In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. It may be narrower than the range of the layer MC (front side flat colored layer MF). That is, if the color layer U is an opaque marking film or the like and has low transparency, the flat colored layer MC other than the front side flat colored layer MF is unnecessary in the portion blocked by the colored layer U. . Therefore, the rear flat colored layer MR added to the rear surface portion R side may have a shape that conforms to the shape of the cutout portion of the colored surface layer U or the like. This provides the following effects. 1) The weight of the decoration Z is reduced. However, if the range of the back side flat colored layer MR is too narrow, the end face X of the back side flat colored layer MR will be visible through the cutout portion of the color layer U, impairing the decorativeness. To prevent this, the following may be done. Some or all of the layers from the layer on the back side R side to the layer closest to the back side R including the layer closest to the color layer U on the back side R side from the color layer U are transmitted Let h be the total thickness of two or more layers that are continuous layers having properties. Also, the xy plane from the end of the color layer U to the end face of the two or more layers (the end face X of the back flat colored layer MR) in the portion where the color layer U and the two or more layers overlap in the z direction Let w1 be the shortest distance above. In at least part of the decoration Z, w1/h may be preferably 1/4 or more, more preferably 1/2 or more, still more preferably 1 or more, and even more preferably 2 or more. Furthermore, in order to make it difficult to see the end surface X of the back flat colored layer MR from between the colored surface layer U and the end surface X, the following may be adopted. If w2 is the shortest distance on the xy plane from the edge of the color surface layer U to the end surface of the two or more layers in the portion where the color surface layer U does not overlap with the two or more layers in the z direction, the decorative body In at least part of Z, w2/h may be preferably 1/2 or more, more preferably 1 or more, still more preferably 2 or more. The end surfaces of the two or more layers may not be perpendicular to the surface portion F or the joint surface of each layer. One of the front surface portion F side and the back surface portion R side of the two or more layers may be wider than the other. 2) The end surface X can be easily mirror-finished. 3) The end surface X appears to be floating from the mounting surface such as the wall, and the shadow of the decorative body Z is projected onto the mounting surface, thereby improving the decorativeness. 4) Unless the color surface layer U hides the end face X of the back flat colored layer MR and hides the outer portion of the front flat colored layer MF (in FIG. ), and the shadow of the flat coloring agent C on the floating outer portion is projected onto the mounting surface (not shown), thereby improving the decorativeness. This effect is obtained not only in the back flat colored layer MR, but also in a state in which the decorative body Z is lifted from the mounting surface by a piece of wood, an aluminum profile, or the like. Therefore, when w3 is the shortest distance on the xy plane from the end face X of the front flat colored layer MF to the end face of the two or more layers, w3/h is preferably 1/2 in at least part of the decoration Z. At least 1, more preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more. The front side flat colored layer MF may be at least one layer, but two or more layers may be used to improve the strength. The thickness or height h of the laminated flat colored layers MC may be preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, even more preferably 7 mm or more, and even more preferably 9 mm or more. When there is a low-permeability layer MO on the back surface portion R side, the thickness from the front side flat colored layer MF to the back surface portion R, including the thickness thereof, is preferably 4 mm or more, more preferably 6 mm or more, and more preferably It may be 8 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more. The larger these values are, the more often the shadows of the front flat colored layer MF and the like projected onto the mounting surface are farther away from the decorative body Z, increasing the three-dimensional effect. In particular, in a part of the decoration Z, such as the periphery of the front side flat colored layer MF, there is no colored surface layer U overlapping in the z direction, there is no back side flat colored layer MR or only one layer, and the front side flat colored layer MF is In the case that it is a single layer, two layers with the covering portion T, or three layers including an adhesive layer A, and the layers other than the front side flat colored layer MF have transparency, individual flat coloring agents The decorativeness of the shadow of C is further enhanced. It should be noted that the fact that a part of the decoration Z has some layer means that the layer overlaps that part in the z-direction. When the front side flat colored layer MF (flat colored layer MC) and the covering portion T on the surface portion F side sandwich the colored surface layer U, if there is no colored surface layer U around the end surface X, the flat colored layer MC and the covering portion T are firmly joined by the adhesive layer A in many cases. The width of the peripheral portion of the flat colored layer MC where there is no colored surface layer U may be preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, still more preferably 7 mm or more.

In order to facilitate attachment, the laminating portion 52 may additionally laminate a flat colored layer MC on the back surface portion R side, without particularly conforming to the shape of the colored surface layer U. If this is just a leg portion Le for attachment, it may be a material plate 20 of ordinary transparent, white or the like instead of the flat colored layer MC. If the mounting surfaces of the leg portions Le and the rear flat colored layer MR are equal in height and the mounting surfaces are flush with each other, the decorative body Z can be easily mounted on a wall surface or the like. The legs Le may include mounting hardware such as screws and nails. The leg Le may surround the lighting portion I. This protects the illumination section I and the back flat colored layer MR from rainwater and stains. In this case, if the legs Le are translucent or translucent, such as semi-translucent or opaque, the outer wall of the decorative body Z is faintly illuminated by the illuminator I, which will be described later, as in the case without the legs Le. be. Furthermore, if the rear surface portion R side is covered with a lid, the waterproofness and the like are improved. The leg portion Le may be at the same position as or outside the end surface X of the front side flat colored layer MF in the x direction or the y direction. If the end surface X protrudes outward, there is a possibility of an accident due to clothing or the like being caught, but this reduces the possibility. If the outer side of the leg portion Le and the end surface X are flush with each other, it is easy to mirror-finish them. The attachment portions of the leg portions Le and the back side flat colored layer MR to the front side flat colored layer MF and the like may have R as shown in FIG. 20b. This R may be preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, still more preferably 0.5 mm or more, and still more preferably 1 mm or more. As a result, the bonding strength is increased, and the wraparound of light by the lighting section I, which will be described later, is improved. This R can be obtained by adjusting the viscosity of the adhesive 23 or the like. Alternatively, this R portion may be planar. To that end, stiffeners in the form of right triangles, rectangles, etc. may be joined at the corners of the joints. In that case, the length of the sides sandwiching the right angle of the reinforcing member may be equal to the above R. The area from the end face X of the back flat colored layer MR to the vicinity of the base of the front flat colored layer MF may be caulked with a silicone sealant or the like in order to improve waterproofness and strength. This caulking material may contain at least one of silicone, modified silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide, (meth)acrylate, butyl rubber, and polyisobutylene, and may have a composition different from that of the transmission portion MT. The flexural modulus of the caulking material may be preferably 500 MPa or less, more preferably 300 MPa or less, still more preferably 100 MPa or less. The elongation at break (JIS K 6251, K 6272, etc.) may be preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, still more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 200% or more.

The bonding unit 52 may further attach the lighting unit I to the stepped portion formed by the back flat colored layer MR as shown in FIG. is not a cross-sectional view.). As a result, the flat colorant C behind the negative z direction is illuminated from the x direction and the y direction, or from a combination thereof, thereby exhibiting an effect of internal lighting that has not existed in the past. The illumination unit I is made up of a known light emitter such as an LED, a control circuit, etc., and may incorporate a battery or receive power supply from the outside. Part or all of the lighting section I may be fixed to the decorative body Z, or may be replaceable for repair or specification change. The end face X may be _a mirror surface, and its smoothness may be the same as the range of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the end face X described above. As a result, the incidence efficiency of the irradiation light from the illumination section I or the like is improved. In addition, the end surface X may be _a rough surface, and the arithmetic average roughness Ra is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more, still more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 30 or more, still more preferably 100 or more, and even more Preferably, it may be 300 or more. As a result, the irradiation light is scattered, and the light reaches the flat colorant C in various directions evenly. Although the upper limit is not specified, it may be 3 mm or less to the thickness of the flat colored layer MC or less. The number of irradiation directions of the illumination unit I may be one or more. The illumination section I may irradiate light toward the outside of the decoration, for example, on the opposite side of the end face X, thereby improving the effect that the decoration Z looks like it is floating. The illumination unit I may change the color, illuminance, blinking cycle, etc. of the light. The illumination section I may irradiate only a part of the plurality of flat colored layers MC with light. Specifically, this can be achieved by limiting the range of light arrival by the color surface layer U or the like. The illumination unit I may irradiate light of a plurality of colors, and the color, illuminance, irradiation direction, reachable distance, diffusibility, etc. of the light may be different for each of a plurality of irradiation ranges. An illumination different from the illumination section I may irradiate light from the surface section F side in a direction close to the z-negative direction. This may replace the lighting section I. Such illumination efficiently illuminates the flat colorant C and the color surface layer U of the front side flat colored layer MF, and the illumination is weakened as the distance of the flat colorant C from the surface portion F increases, so that a three-dimensional effect can be obtained. Emphasize.

The low-permeability layer MO may or may not be present on the back surface portion R side. A low-permeability layer MO may be provided on the rear surface portion R side of the front flat colored layer MF (overhanging portion in FIG. 20b). If there is a low-transmittance plate that is fixed without being joined over the entire surface on the back surface portion R side, total reflection is obtained by the transparent portion of the back surface portion R, so that the irradiation efficiency is improved, and furthermore, when observed from the front, the color is flat. The color of the low-transmittance plate can be seen in the gaps between the agents C. The above lid may be this. The decorative body Z of this embodiment may not contain the flat coloring agent C, and light may be internally reflected by other means. For example, if the flat colored layer MC has grooves G or a myriad of cracks in various directions instead of the flat coloring agent, the cracks reflect light due to the action of the critical angle or the like, resulting in the same effect. present. That is, the decorative body Z may have a light reflecting surface inside. The decoration Z may have an optical interface. An optical interface is an interface at which the properties of light before and after transmission through the interface change due to differences in refractive index, transmittance, and the like. The end surface X, the side surface S of the groove portion G, and the interface between the colored surface layer U, the flat colored layer MC, the adhesive layer A, and the low-transmittance layer MO are also optical interfaces. All of them transmit, refract, or totally reflect light depending on the angle of incidence of the light, resulting in a visual effect. A shape member such as a U-shaped channel member made of aluminum may be attached so as to surround the end surface X.

Claim copy. Item 1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes two or more flat colored layers having transparency and in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed, and in the flat colored layer, The color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the portion having transparency, the maximum length of the flat coloring agent is 0.02 mm or more, and at least part of the flat coloring agent has a maximum length of , the diameter of the cross section passing through the midpoint of the maximum length and perpendicular to the direction of the maximum length is at least five times the shortest length passing through the midpoint, and the flat colorant is in the form of flakes. A decorative body characterized by Item 2: The decorative body according to Item 1, wherein some of the two or more flat colored layers and the remaining flat colored layers have different sizes in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction. Item 3: One or more flat colored layers including the flat colored layer closest to one side in the stacking direction among the two or more flat colored layers is the flat colored layer closest to the side opposite to the one side Item 3. The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the range in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction is wider than the one or more flat colored layers included. Item 4: Item 3, wherein a color surface layer is provided closer to the one side than the flat colored layer closest to the one side, and the color of the color surface layer is different from the color of the transparent portion. Described decorations. Item 5: The decorative body according to Item 4, wherein the color surface layer has an adhesive layer. Item 6: The decorative body according to Item 4 or 5, wherein the color surface layer has a luminous transmittance of 30% or less. Item 7: The decoration according to any one of Items 4 to 6, wherein the shape of at least part of the flat colored layer in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction is a shape that follows the shape of at least part of the color surface layer. body. Item 8: At least in part, one of a plurality of layers from the closest layer to the layer closest to the opposite side, including a layer on the opposite side of the color layer and closest to the color layer The total thickness of two or more layers that are partially or wholly continuous layers having transparency is the color surface in the portion where the color surface layer and the two or more continuous layers overlap in the stacking direction Item 8. The decorative body according to any one of Items 4 to 7, wherein the shortest distance in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction from the end of the layer to the end face of the two or more continuous layers is 1/4 or more. Item 9: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the two or more flat colored layers are joined by an adhesive layer. Item 10: At least one of the bonding is chemical diffusion bonding, or when the two or more flat colored layers are forcibly separated, the arithmetic mean roughness _Ra of the separated surface is 1 μm or more Item 9. The ornament according to Item 9. Item 11: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein at least part of the flat colored layer has a thickness of 1.5 mm or more in the stacking direction. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the maximum length is 1 mm or more.

Each of the above embodiments is an example of implementation of the respective invention. The technical scope of each invention is not limited to the above range. A person skilled in the art can add various modifications or improvements to each of the above embodiments. It is clear from the description of the claims and the copy of the claims that forms with such modifications or improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, each embodiment has many points in common including items not specifically mentioned. Each embodiment may be implemented in combination. Each of the above features brings about their respective effects simultaneously and synergistically by being implemented in combination.

The decorative body Z provided by the present invention includes, for example, various signs such as signboards, store signs, company name display boards, nameplates, information boards, and advertising display boards, displays and fixtures for shops, windows, walls, interiors, exteriors, and objects. It is useful for decorating buildings, vehicles such as automobiles, trains, aircraft, and ships, and home electric appliances such as personal digital assistants and computers.

20 material plate, 21 filling material, 22 color layer material, 30 image, 40 50 decoration manufacturing apparatus, 51 spraying unit, 52 bonding unit, 43 groove processing unit, 431 laser processing unit, 44 filling material preparation unit, 45 Filling processing part 46 Covering processing part 54 Color surface layer cutting part 55 Color surface layer joining part B Bottom part C Flat colorant F Surface part G Groove part K K1 K2 Color belt part L Filling Part M Base Material Part N Tip Filling Part Q Liquid Filling Part R Back Side Part S Side Side T T1 T2 Coating Part U U1-5 Color Surface Layer V Vehicle Z Decoration

Claims (2)

A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated,
a flat colored layer in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed in a portion having transparency;
and a color surface layer having a color different from that of the portion having transparency,
In the flat colored layer, the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion,
The maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more,
In at least a part of the flat colorants, each maximum length is the shortest length of the diameter of a cross section passing through the midpoint of the maximum length and perpendicular to the direction of the maximum length, passing through the midpoint. 5 times or more,
The flat colorant is flaky,
In a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, the color surface layer has a plurality of portions, and at least a portion of the plurality of portions does not touch the outer peripheral portion of the color surface layer in the perpendicular direction, and a cutout portion where the color surface layer does not exist,
The flat colored layer can be observed through the cutout portion,
wherein, among the plurality of partial regions that divide the decorative body in the vertical direction, a partial region corresponding to at least a part of the outer peripheral portion of the flat colored layer is narrower than a partial region corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of the colored surface layer. Characteristic decoration. 2. The decoration according to claim 1, wherein the color layer has a luminous transmittance of 30% or less.

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