JP7132006B2 - Floor structures, buildings and vibration absorbers - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a floor structure for reducing floor impact noise and solid-borne sound, a building provided with this floor structure, and a vibration absorber that can be used in this floor structure.

In order to ensure a comfortable living environment, there is a demand for a floor structure that can reduce floor impact noise and solid-borne noise. Here, the floor impact sound is the sound observed in the lower floor due to the propagation of vibration generated in the floor member. Such floor impact noises are classified into light floor impact noises caused by dragging furniture or dropping small items, and heavy floor impact noises caused by people jumping or jumping down. Solid-borne sound includes sound caused by vibrations caused by running trains and the like, and vibrations caused by the operation of equipment installed inside and outside a building.
The thickness (mass) of the floor slab may be increased as a countermeasure against floor impact noise and solid-borne noise. However, increasing the mass of the floor slab increases the structural burden of the building.
Therefore, the present applicant has developed a floor structure capable of reducing floor impact noise and solid-borne noise without increasing the member thickness of the floor slab, as shown in Patent Document 1. The floor structure of Patent Document 1 is constructed by placing a plurality of vibration absorbers on the concrete floor in a dry double floor consisting of a concrete floor and a floor finishing material. The vibration absorber has granules, which are inorganic materials, and a bag for accommodating the granules. In this floor structure, it is possible to reduce the vibration of the target frequency by adjusting the mass of the vibration absorber.

JP 2016-037776 A

Structure-borne sound caused by vibrations generated in a building varies depending on the installation location of the building, the surrounding environment, and the like. In addition, there are cases where vibration with a frequency that was not assumed at the time of designing a building or the like occurs, or where structure-borne sound with a new frequency is generated due to facilities or the like installed later. On the other hand, it takes time and effort to adjust the mass of a plurality of vibration absorbers according to the frequency of vibration to be reduced.
Therefore, the present invention provides a floor structure that can be easily adjusted even when the frequency of vibration to be reduced changes, a building comprising this floor structure, and a building that can be used for this floor structure. An object of the present invention is to propose a vibration absorber.

In order to solve the above problem, the floor structure of claim 1 comprises a concrete floor, a floor finishing material provided above the concrete floor, and a plurality of floor finishing materials provided between the concrete floor and the floor finishing material. and a vibration absorber. The vibration absorber includes a spring material placed on the concrete floor and a weight placed on the spring material, and the spring material is an assembly of a plurality of vertically laminated sheet materials. There is, and it is formed by folding a bag, and the weight is accommodated in the bag .
In the floor structure according to claim 2, the internal damping of the vibration absorber is 15% or more to 35% or less in damping constant.
In the floor structure of claim 3, the total mass of the plurality of vibration absorbers is 3% or more and 15% or less of the mass of the concrete floor.
In the floor structure of claim 4, the sheet material is a plain-woven polyethylene fabric.
A building of the present invention is provided with the floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .
Further, the vibration absorber of the present invention includes a spring member placed on the upper surface of a concrete floor and a weight placed on the spring member, and the spring is made up of a plurality of vertically laminated sheet members. It is an assembly and is formed by folding a bag, and the weight is accommodated in the bag .

The floor structure of claim 1 makes it possible to reduce floor impact noise and solid-borne noise by applying the load of the weight to the spring material. In addition, the resonance frequency can be changed by adjusting the number of layers of the sheet material forming the spring material. Therefore, it is possible to easily configure the vibration reduction structure according to the frequency of the vibration to be reduced. In addition, since a bag is used as the sheet material and the weight is contained in the bag, it is easy to handle. Therefore, it is easier to move and position the vibration absorber than when the sheet material and the weight are separately installed.
In addition, according to the floor structure of claim 2, since the internal damping of the vibration absorber is as large as 15% to 30%, a vibration reduction effect can be obtained for a wide range of frequencies. It should be noted that the internal damping of generally used anti-vibration rubber or foamed resin damping material is about 5 to 10%.
Further, according to the floor structure of claim 3, since the total mass of the plurality of vibration absorbers is 3 to 15% of the mass of the concrete floor, solid-borne sound can be effectively absorbed without increasing the structural burden of the building. can be reduced.
Further, according to the floor structure of claim 4, since plain-woven polyethylene fabric is used as the sheet material, the laminated sheet material exhibits elasticity and effectively functions as a spring material. .
According to the building of claim 5 , since the floor structure is used, floor impact noise and structure-borne noise can be reduced, and comfort in the living environment can be ensured.
According to the vibration absorber of claim 6 , floor impact noise and solid-borne noise can be reduced by applying the load of the weight to the spring material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows the outline|summary of the floor structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a model of a vibration absorber; (a) is a perspective view showing a vibration absorber, and (b) is a perspective view of a bag constituting a spring material. FIG. 5 is a graph showing frequency response characteristics when a vibration absorber having 16 laminated sheets is vibrated. FIG. It is a figure shown with the experimental model of Example 2, Comprising: (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view. 9 is a graph showing the vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber of Example 2. FIG.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, floor impact noise and solid propagation noise generated in a dry double floor structure (floor structure 1) comprising a concrete floor 2 and a floor finishing material 3 provided above the concrete floor 2 Techniques for reducing sound are described. The floor structure 1 of this embodiment reduces vibrations by a plurality of vibration absorbers 4 provided between the concrete floor 2 and the floor finishing material 3 . The vibration absorber 4 is configured with a spring member 5 and a weight 6 . The vibration absorber 4 is a so-called TMD (TMD) whose natural frequency is adjusted so as to be able to absorb vibrations occurring in the floor structure 1 by adjusting the spring constant of the spring material 5, the mass of the weight 6, and the like. Tuned Mass Dumper) (see FIG. 2).
In the floor structure 1 of this embodiment, the effective height between the concrete floor 2 and the floor finishing material 3 is 90 mm or less. In addition, the height between the concrete floor 2 and the floor finishing material 3 is not limited to 90 mm or less. The effective height between the concrete floor 2 and the floor finishing material 3 may be set, for example, within a range of 40 mm or more and 150 mm or less.

The concrete floor 2 is a plate-shaped reinforced concrete member supported by beams (not shown). The concrete floor 2 of this embodiment has a thickness of 320 mm or less. The concrete floor 2 does not necessarily have to be made of reinforced concrete, and may be made of fiber-reinforced concrete or steel-framed concrete, for example. Moreover, the member thickness of the concrete floor 2 is not limited, and may be set as appropriate. Also, the concrete floor 2 does not necessarily have to be supported by beams.
The floor finishing material 3 is laid on a plurality of supporting legs 3 a erected on the upper surface of the concrete floor 2 . Although the configuration of the floor finishing material 3 is not limited, for example, a floor panel made of particle board or the like and a finishing material such as flooring laid on the floor panel can be used. Further, the floor finishing material 3 may be formed with an opening (not shown) at a desired position. A plurality of support legs 3 a are arranged on the concrete floor 2 . The shape, material, etc. of the support leg 3a are not limited, and a known support leg 3a may be used. Also, the arrangement and number of the support legs 3a are not limited.

The vibration absorber 4 is placed on the concrete floor 2 supported by large beams or small beams in the space formed between the concrete floor 2 and the floor finishing material 3 . It should be noted that the concrete floor 2 does not necessarily have to be supported by large beams or small beams. A vibration absorber 4 is placed directly on the concrete floor 2 . Although the arrangement and number of the vibration absorbers 4 are not limited, the vibration absorbers 4 are provided so that the total mass of the plurality of vibration absorbers 4 is 3% or more to 15% or less of the mass of the concrete floor 2 .
The vibration absorbers 4 of this embodiment are intermittently arranged with a gap from the adjacent vibration absorbers 4 . The vibration absorbers 4 may be arranged at regular intervals, or the intervals between the vibration absorbers 4 may be set arbitrarily. Moreover, the vibration absorber 4 does not necessarily need to be spaced from the other vibration absorbers 4, and the adjacent vibration absorbers 4 may be in contact with each other. Alternatively, a group of vibration absorbers 4 may be formed by continuously arranging a plurality of vibration absorbers 4 without gaps, and the vibration absorbers 4 may be arranged so as to form gaps between the groups of vibration absorbers 4 .

The vibration absorber 4 includes a spring member 5 placed on the concrete floor 2 and a weight 6 placed on the spring member 5 . By adjusting the spring constant of the spring material 5 and the mass of the weight 6, the damping body 4 has an internal damping that is adjusted from 15% or more to 35% or less.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the spring material 5 is an assembly of a plurality of sheet materials 7 stacked vertically. In this embodiment, a folded bag forms an assembly of a plurality of sheet materials 7 (see FIG. 3(b)). By folding the bag, a plurality of sheet materials 7 are vertically stacked. As shown in FIG. 3, the sheet material 7 forming the spring material 5 of this embodiment is a flat bag without a gusset and has an elongated shape capable of accommodating the plate-shaped weight 6 . The sheet material 7 is made of plain-woven polyethylene fabric. The sheet material 7 forming the spring material 5 is not limited to a bag, and may be, for example, a sheet made of polyethylene. That is, the spring material 5 may be a laminate obtained by stacking a plurality of independent sheet materials 7 or a laminate obtained by folding continuous sheet materials 7 . Also, the shape of the bag is not limited. Moreover, the sheet material 7 does not necessarily have to be a plain-woven fabric. Further, the material forming the sheet material 7 is not limited to polyethylene. In this embodiment, the height of the spring material 5 is set so that the height of the vibration absorber 4 including the weight 6 is 20 mm or less. Although the height of the spring member 5 is not limited, it is preferably 20 mm or less.
In this embodiment, an iron plate is used as the weight 6 . The weight of this embodiment uses an iron plate with a length of 160 mm, a width of 180 mm, and a height of 19 mm. As shown in FIG. 3(a), the weight 6 is housed in the bag at the top of the spring member 5 which is a folded bag. In addition, the shape and size of the iron plate forming the weight 6 are not limited. Also, the weight 6 does not necessarily have to be an iron plate, and may be, for example, a granular material enclosed in a bag material. Also, the weight 6 does not necessarily have to be plate-shaped. Further, the weight 6 does not necessarily have to be housed in the spring material 5 (bag), and may be placed on the upper surface of the spring material 5 .
The spring member 5 of the vibration absorber 4 is prevented from opening by fixing the ends (corners) of the folded bag (sheet member 7) with a jig 8 such as Tucker. The end of the bag (sheet material 7) may be sewn. Moreover, it is desirable to fix the four corners of the bag (the sheet material 7).

According to the vibration absorber 4 of the present embodiment and the floor structure 1 in which the vibration absorber 4 is installed, the load of the weight 6 is applied to the spring member 5 to reduce floor impact noise and solid-borne noise. became. Further, by adjusting the number of layers of the sheet members 7 forming the spring member 5, the resonance frequency can be changed (tuned). Therefore, it is possible to easily configure the vibration reduction structure according to the frequency of the vibration to be reduced.
In addition, since the internal damping of the vibration absorber 4 is 15% to 30%, which is much larger than that of commonly used anti-vibration rubber or foamed resin (with an internal damping of approximately 5 to 10%), it can be used in a wide range of frequencies. A damping effect can be obtained.
Moreover, since the total mass of the plurality of vibration absorbers 4 is 3 to 15% of the mass of the concrete floor 2, vibration noise can be effectively reduced without increasing the structural load on the building.
Further, since a bag made of plain-woven polyethylene fabric is used as the spring material 5 (sheet material 7), the laminated sheet material 7 exhibits elasticity and effectively functions as a spring.
Since the weight 6 is contained in the bag-shaped spring material 5, it is easy to handle. Therefore, compared with the case where the spring member 5 and the weight 6 are separately installed, the vibration absorber 4 can be easily moved and positioned. Moreover, the vibration absorber 4 can be freely arranged after the construction of the dwelling unit. Therefore, the arrangement of the vibration absorbers 4 can be appropriately set according to the position of the living room, and the arrangement of the vibration absorbers 4 can be changed as appropriate according to changes in the layout of the living room.
In addition, since an iron plate is used as the weight 6 and the height of the vibration absorber 4 is suppressed to 20 mm or less, it can be installed in the floor structure 1 with a narrow pocket (the distance between the concrete floor 2 and the floor finishing material 3 is small). can be done. Further, since the plate-like weight 6 is stable when placed, a load can be stably applied to the spring member 5 . Furthermore, by using a high-density iron plate as the weight 6, the size of the vibration absorber 4 can be reduced.
Further, by adjusting the mass of the vibration absorber 4, it is possible to tune the frequency at which the reduction effect is produced.

Experimental results for confirming the effects of the floor structure 1 of the present embodiment will be described below.
<Example 1>
First, the resonance frequency of the vibration absorber 4 was measured when the number of laminated sheets 7 was varied. A polyethylene bag was used as the spring material 5 of the vibration absorber 4 . For the weight 6 of the vibration absorber 4, an iron plate with a length of 160 mm, a width of 180 mm and a height of 19 mm was used. The total height of the vibration absorber 4 is set to 20 mm or less.
In this experiment, the vibration absorber 4 was placed on the vibration exciter, and the resonance frequency was read from the frequency characteristics of the frequency response functions on the vibration exciter side and the vibration absorber 4 side. In this experiment, the resonance frequencies were read for the cases where the number of laminated sheets 7 of the spring member 5 was 3, 7, 16, and 32, respectively. The weight 6 (iron plate) had a mass of 4.33 kg. Table 1 shows the measurement results.

As shown in Table 1, by changing the number of layers of the sheet material 7, the resonance frequency of the vibration absorber 4 can be changed. That is, when the number of laminated sheets 7 is 3 (Case 1), the vibration reduction effect is exhibited against the vibration of 126 Hz. Similarly, when the number of laminated sheets 7 is 7 (Case 2) ) exhibits a vibration reduction effect against vibrations of 64 Hz, 44 Hz when 16 sheets are used (Case 3), and 26 Hz when 32 sheets are used (Case 4). Therefore, according to the vibration absorber 4 of the present embodiment, it is possible to adjust the resonance frequency to the vibration frequency to be reduced by changing the number of layers of the sheet members 7 constituting the spring member 5. was confirmed. The resonance frequency in Table 1 is obtained by reading the peak value in the graph showing the relationship between the frequency response function and the frequency (see FIG. 4). As shown in FIG. 4, in case 3, when the relationship between the frequency response function and the frequency is plotted, the result shows a very gentle slope. This is because the internal damping of the spring material 5 (sheet material 7) is very large. From the frequency characteristics, it can be seen that the vibration absorber 4 has an attenuation of 20 to 30% when the attenuation constant is obtained by the half width method.

<Example 2>
Next, the amount of vibration reduction by installing a plurality of vibration absorbers 4 on the concrete plate 9 was measured. In this experiment, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the end of the concrete plate 9 was hit with a hammer 10 when the vibration absorber 4 was installed on the concrete plate 9 and when it was not installed. The amount of vibration caused by this was measured, and the amount of reduction due to the installation of the vibration absorber 4 was calculated. In addition, in this experiment, a concrete plate 9 having a width of 1 m, a length of 6 m, and a thickness of 230 mm was used. The concrete plate 9 was supported by plate-shaped rubber support members (vibration-proof members) 11 arranged at intervals. Six vibration absorbers 4 were arranged in the width direction of the concrete plate 9, and 17 rows were arranged in the length direction. As the vibration absorber 4, the number of sheets 7 of the spring material 5 laminated was 3 (Case 1) and 7 (Case 2). Experimental results are shown in FIG. The materials for the spring member 5 and the weight 6 of the vibration absorber 4 are the same as those used in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, in case 1, the most effective reduction effect was obtained near the frequency of 125 Hz. In case 2, the most effective reduction effect was obtained in the vicinity of the frequency of 63 Hz. Therefore, it was confirmed that by adjusting the number of layers of the sheet material 7, it is possible to configure a vibration reduction structure according to the frequency of the vibration to be reduced.

Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the constituent elements described above can be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, the purpose of use of the building to which the floor structure 1 is applicable is not limited.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 floor structure 2 concrete floor 3 floor finishing material 4 vibration absorber 5 spring material 6 weight 7 sheet material 8 jig 9 concrete plate 10 hammer

Claims (6)

concrete floor and
a floor covering material provided above the concrete floor;
A floor structure comprising a plurality of vibration absorbers provided between the concrete floor and the floor finishing material,
The vibration absorber includes a spring material placed on the concrete floor,
and a weight placed on the spring material,
The spring material is an assembly of a plurality of vertically stacked sheet materials, and is formed by folding a bag,
The floor structure , wherein the weight is housed in the bag . 2. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the internal damping of said vibration absorber is 15% or more to 35% or less in damping constant. 3. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the total mass of said plurality of vibration absorbers is 3% or more and 15% or less of the mass of said concrete floor. 4. The floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sheet material is a plain-woven polyethylene fabric. A building comprising the floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . A spring member placed on a concrete floor and a weight placed on the spring member,
The spring material is an aggregate of a plurality of sheet materials stacked vertically, and is formed by folding a bag,
A vibration absorber , wherein the weight is housed in the bag .

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