JP4090835B2

JP4090835B2 - Soundproof floor structure

Info

Publication number: JP4090835B2
Application number: JP2002297716A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 博文柿本; 治木曽; 誠河合; 圭介羽鳥
Original assignee: Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-10-10
Filing date: 2002-10-10
Publication date: 2008-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-10
Also published as: JP2004132055A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、枠組壁工法により建築された建物の上階の床として、子供の飛び跳ね、走り回りに代表される振動により発生し下階へ伝わる重量床衝撃音を著しく改善する防音床構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、重量床衝撃音は、軽量床衝撃音と並び、上、下階の騒音の代表例とされている。軽量床衝撃音は、衝撃源も軽量で衝撃力も小さいことから、床仕上材自体によって衝撃を吸収させることが現在広く普及し、軽量床衝撃対策はほぼ完了したと言える。
【０００３】
ＲＣ造に代表される中高層建築物では、柱、梁、床、壁等の構造部材間の固定度が高く、床スラブ厚を増加させ重量増と剛性増を行うことで、容易に重量床衝撃音を低減できることが古くから知られ、現在でも、床スラブ厚の増加手段が広く普及している。
【０００４】
ところが、枠組壁工法により建築される建物では、前記構造部材間の固定度は必然的に低固定度となるし、構造材の強度、コスト面から単に床をＲＣ造並に重量と剛性を上げて対策できるものではない。そのため、枠組壁工法により建築された建物の重量床衝撃音対策について様々な研究が行われているが、今だ実用化に至っていない（例えば、特許文献１参照。）
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−１８８２３８号公報。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者は、様々な提案を行い、近年ではかなり良いレベルまで対策ができることを実証している。
【０００７】
しかし、如何なる建物の条件下でも、常に目標レベルの結果を得ようとすれば、目標レベルよりも更に1ランク良い結果を出す手段を見出す必要があり、かつ、現状の床基版自体を利用する手段でなければ基本的な設計変更を伴ってしまい、コスト面で広く普及できる製品から逸脱してしまう。この様な条件を満足する手段は何も知られていない。
【０００８】
特に、重量床衝撃音は、衝撃源が重く、柔らかいため、衝撃力も大きくなり、かつ衝撃持続時間が長くなるという特徴を有する。また、発生騒音の特徴が、特に３１．５Ｈｚ、６３Ｈｚという非常に低い周波数帯の音であるため、木造等の軽量な建築物では、重量床衝撃音を如何にして低減するかの対策に困難を極めている。
【０００９】
本発明は、現状の枠組壁工法による建物の技術及び設計思想を変えることなく、前記建物の床に適用して、極端なコスト増もなく、重量床衝撃音レベルを、現状よりも２ランク以上安定して改善することを課題とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、枠組壁工法による建築物の床基版と、前記床基版上の防音床部材と、前記防音床部材上の板状材の積層体からなる床上部構造体とを備える防音床構造において、防音床部材が複数の防音床部材からなり、前記各防音床部材が床基版上に所定の間隔で設置されており、前記各防音床部材が、細長い形状で、床上部構造体を形成する最下層の板状材の長辺又は短辺と同程度の長さを有し、前記各防音床部材が、少なくとも2種のバネ特性の異なる衝撃吸収部材と、前記各衝撃吸収部材の上部を固定する支持部材とを有し、前記各衝撃吸収部材が互いに所定の間隔で離間しており、前記支持部材が前記各衝撃吸収部材の上に配置され、前記防音床部材の両端から 100mm 程度の部分には衝撃吸収部材のない部分を設けてあり、前記衝撃吸収部材が、衝撃吸収部材のうちより一層高さの低いものを除き、床基版側に前記床基版と固定するための粘弾性体を有し、前記板状材が、下部板状材の継目とずらすようにされ、下部板状材の長辺と長辺を交差させるように積層され、ビス固定されており、ビス頭が板状材の表面より 1 〜 2mm ほど沈み込んでおり、床上部構造体と壁との間に隙間が確保されており、前記壁と床仕上材との納まり部に幅木が設けられており、前記幅木が上部幅木と下部幅木とから構成されており、前記上部幅木と下部幅木との間に隙間が設けられており、前記下部幅木を前記床上部構造体に固定する幅木固定具を用い、前記床上部構造体と前記下部幅木とを前記壁から完全に離し、前記下部幅木と前記壁との間の隙間が、前記床上部構造体と前記壁との間の通気量とほぼ等しい通気量を有するように形成されている防音床構造に係るものである。
【００１１】
本発明は、所定の床基版上に防音床部材を複数で任意間隔に設置し、前記防音床部材上に板状材を複数積層固定することにより、浮床構造となる床上部構造体を構成し、防音床構造としたものである。
【００１２】
防音床部材は支持部材と複数の衝撃吸収部材とからなり、各衝撃吸収部材はバネ特性が異なる少なくとも２種以上から構成されている。防音床部材上の床上部構造体は、複数の板状材が積層固定されて形成されている。
【００１３】
本発明では、床基版と防音床部材と床上部構造体の最下層の板状材との間には空間が形成され、壁と床上部構造体との間の隙間を介して床上の居室と連通している。前記隙間は床仕上材と壁の納まり部に連通部を有する幅木で見えないようにすることができる。また、幅木は、床仕上材がフローリング材の場合は、その下部に床変位への追従性に優れたクッション材を設けることで、幅木を介しての床の振動が壁に入力されないようにすることもできる。
【００１４】
また、本発明では、床仕上材がカーペットやクッションフロア材の場合には、床仕上材との納まり部には、通気性が確保されていれば、幅木の下部のクッション材はなくても良い。床仕上材が畳や薄畳の場合には、畳寄せに通気性を確保すればよい。また、幅木が上部幅木と下部幅木とから構成され、下部幅木が床面に固定されており、幅木を介して床の振動が壁に入力されないようになっていれば、クッション材はなくても良い。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を構成する構成材を説明し、併せてその作用を説明する。
本発明で言う床基版とは、枠組壁工法により構築される床本体を言い、床根太及び床梁上に板材を固定したパネルである。床基版は防耐火上、無機質板を増貼りしたり、床基版自体の重量を増やしたりしたものであってもよい。
【００１６】
防音床部材とは、複数の衝撃吸収部材と支持部材からなり、衝撃吸収部材は、バネ特性が異なる少なくとも２種以上のものからなり、かつ、支持部材に任意間隔で固定一体化してなるものであり、支持部材は衝撃吸収部材の上下の少なくとも一方にある。
【００１７】
支持部材が一方にある場合の他方の衝撃吸収部材は、他の衝撃吸収部材より高さの低い物を除き、床基版又は床上部構造体の最下層の板状材と固定するための粘弾性体を有することができる。
【００１８】
防音床部材は衝撃吸収部材が特に重要な構成材である。衝撃吸収部材のバネ特性は、大別して、線形バネ、デグレッシブバネ、プログレッシブバネ、定荷重バネに分けることができる。衝撃吸収部材の使用条件におけるバネ特性は２種以上を併用する。バネ特性は、その素材、配合処方、形状によっても調整することができる。
【００１９】
衝撃吸収部材の素材としては、金属、粘弾性体、繊維質材、発泡体があり、単体若しくは併用して、１つの衝撃吸収部材として用いることができる。
【００２０】
衝撃吸収部材は、床上部構造の浮床層の支持材として、供用期間中、常に、床上部構造を支え続けねばならないという過酷な条件をクリアーしなければ、床としての機能が果たせない。したがって、衝撃吸収部材が床本来の機能を満足するために具備すべき条件は、復元性に優れること、圧縮永久歪が少ないこと、化学的安定性に優れること、振動減衰性に優れることを何れも満足することである。特に重量床衝撃音に優れた床であるためには、更に衝撃吸収性能に優れること、衝撃反力を抑制できるという条件を満足しなければならない。
【００２１】
そのためには、様々な材質を上記観点から選別、調整する必要があり、特に粘弾性体においては、相反する性質を如何にカバーし、目標性能を得るかという観点では、現在の本発明者の知見は、供用条件下でバネ特性が異なる少なくとも２種以上の衝撃吸収部材の併用が必須条件である。
【００２２】
防音床部材として特に注意すべきは、重量床衝撃音に着目するあまり、床本来の性能である歩行感、長期耐荷重性、床振動の３点が悪化し易い点である。就中、床振動は、気付き難く、重要なチエックポイントとなる。つまり、衝撃吸収部材では、弾性成分を必要以上に作用させない工夫が求められ、粘性成分を充分に作用させる工夫が必要である。
【００２３】
その手段としては、弾性要素に富む衝撃吸収部材を他の衝撃吸収部材よりも相対的に高さを低く設定すること等が挙げられる。
【００２４】
防音床部材の形状としては、細長い形状で、後述の床上部構造体を形成する最下層の板状材の長辺と同程度の長さが良く、施工上の配置等を考慮すると、前記最下層の板状材の短辺と同程度の寸法も良い。また、施工上の配置や納まりから、防音床部材において、その両端から１００ｍｍ程度の部分には、衝撃吸収部材のない部分を設けることで、支持部材のみ切断して衝撃吸収部材の総数を変化させないことで、重量床衝撃音の性能を安定化させることができる。
【００２５】
二重床等で多用されている床端部の端根太は、本発明においては全く不要であり、端根太の代わりに防音床材を用いることで、床端部のタンスや本棚等の荷重に対しても、違和感もなく充分な安定性を得ることができる。つまり、床端部のみを荷重による変位の少ない部材で処理することにより、床端部より中央に入った部分では中央に向かってわずかながら床変位が大きくなる。つまり、床中央に向かって傾斜を作ることになり、タンスや本棚は倒れ易くなる。逆に、本発明のように防音床材のみで支持すれば、荷重変位差は少なく傾斜が生じないために、タンスや本棚は倒れ難くなる。
【００２６】
次に、本発明で言う床上部構造体とは、前記防音床部材によって浮床構造となる部分であり、防音床部材上に横架固定された板状材の積層構造である。床上部構造体は板状材や遮音材を積層固定するものであり、遮音材は一般にビス固定が充分でないため、遮音材の上に他の板状材を載置して、板状材から下部板状材にビス固定する方が良い。このとき、板状材は下部板状材の継目とずらすようにし、下部板状材の長辺と長辺を直交させるように積層固定する。床上部構造体の最下層には、構成材の中で、曲げ剛性が最も高い板状体を用いるのが望ましい。
【００２７】
前記手段を講じることにより、床上部構造体はより均一に一体化させることができる。床上部構造体の仕上面は、一般的に床仕上材として使用されているフローリンング材、クッションフロア、カーペット、畳等を用いることができ、床仕上材によって大きく重量床衝撃音は変化しないが、一般市販の床仕上材全てについての知見は無いので、床仕上材を決定する場合は予め確認をする必要がある。
【００２８】
床上部構造体の施工に当っては、壁等の床と直交する部分との取り合いは、スペーサを所々に壁下部に仮止めし、床上部構造体の床仕上材を施工した段階で、スペーサを除去するか、又は床仕上面に合わせて切り取り、壁と床上部構造体との間に隙間を確保することが好ましい。これに対し、通気性を持たせた幅木や畳寄せを取り付けることにより、床上部構造体下の空気が床衝撃により圧縮されて太鼓現象が生じることを防止でき、床基版の振動を生じさせないため、騒音の悪化要因を解消できる。
【００２９】
本発明にかかる幅木は振動変位追従機能を有することができる。かかる幅木は、下部に床の変位にすばやく追従するクッション材を設けたり、幅木の壁の取り付け側に粘着層付発泡体を設けたりすることにより、床振動を壁に伝えないようにすることができ、重量床衝撃音のバラツキを抑制し、悪化要因を解消する上で有効となる。
【００３０】
また、かかる振動変位追従機能を有する幅木は、幅木固定具を用いて、床上部構造体に固定されたものとすることができる。この場合、幅木固定具は、幅木と壁との間に隙間を生じさせるようにし、好ましくは、床上部構造体と壁との間の通気量とほぼ等しい通気量を有するように隙間を形成する。
【００３１】
好ましくは、幅木固定具は、幅木と壁との間の隙間を確保しつつ幅木に固定される幅木固定部と、床上部構造体に固定される床固定部とを有する。特に好ましくは、幅木固定具は、幅木固定部としての垂直部と、床固定部としての水平部とを有する断面Ｌ字型の形状からなる。かかる幅木固定具では、垂直部は幅木の裏面と固定され、水平部は床上部構造体を構成する床材の少なくとも１種に固定される。
【００３２】
次に、本発明において、重量床衝撃音が大きく改善できる作用について説明する。
本発明の防音床構造では、床衝撃を受けると、第１の被衝撃体である床上部構造体は、均一に一体化されていることと、独立して変位し易い複数の防音床部材に支持されているため、広い範囲で床が変位する。このため、床変位量も小さく抑制される。即ち、衝撃力は広い面積に分散され、広い面積の床上部構造体でそれを動かすエネルギーが失われ、結果的に単位面積当りの衝撃力は小さく分散される。
【００３３】
次に、第２の被衝撃体である防音床部材は、床上部構造体を少なくとも２つで支持しており、床上部構造体は板状材の積層体であるから、広い面積で床変位をする。つまり、本発明では、多くの防音床部材で床上部構造体の衝撃を吸収することになる。
【００３４】
防音床部材は支持部材と多数の衝撃吸収部材とから構成され、支持材が衝撃吸収材の上に配置される場合は、支持部材は剛性があるので支持部材全体に曲げ応力がかかり、広い面積で変位することになり、衝撃力はここでも広い面積に分散される。支持部材の曲げ変位に伴って衝撃吸収部材も変形吸収を行い、１ケ当りの衝撃力は小さく分散される。この小さく分散された衝撃力が多数の点状で床基版に入力されることになる。
【００３５】
また、支持部材が衝撃吸収部材の下にある場合は、床上部構造体の衝撃力を広い面積で受けることはできないが、多くの衝撃吸収部材で衝撃を吸収し、吸収しきれなかった衝撃力は点状で支持部材に入力されるが、床基版に固定されることにより曲げ抵抗の増した支持部材により衝撃エネルギーロスを行うと共に、床基版の板振動をも拘束することで床基版からの放射音量を減じる役目を行う。
【００３６】
第３の被衝撃体である床基版は、前記の２通りの衝撃入力の何れかの入力経路で衝撃力が弱められた上で入力され、床基版の振動により放射音が発生し天井内に設けた吸音材で吸音され、かつ天井面の遮音材としての石膏ボード等で遮音され下階室内に重量床衝撃音として伝播する。
【００３７】
床上部構造体下の空間は、壁と床上部構造体の間の隙間により、床衝撃時の空気圧縮がなくなり、太鼓現象を回避することができ、音性能の悪化要因を解消することができる。このとき、幅木又は畳寄せにも工夫して、幅木や畳寄せの通気性を確保しておけば、床上部構造体下の空間は室内と連通することとなり、美観上も違和感がない。
【００３８】
幅木と壁との振動伝播による音性能の悪化要因を解消するには、幅木の下部を床面から離せばよい。また、幅木下部と床面の隙間を塞ぐ場合は、幅木が振動変位追従機能を有するように、例えば、幅木の下部に床の変位にすばやく追従するクッション材を設ければ良い。また、幅木の下部を床面と接触させる納まり部とする場合は、幅木が振動変位追従機能を有するように、幅木の壁面側にクッション層を設けるか、又は幅木を壁面に接触させずに床上部構造体に固定すればよい。
【００３９】
本発明では床基版、防音床部材、上部床構造体が各々強固に固定されているため、衝撃反力による床の飛び上り現象による音性能の悪化も解消できている。
【００４０】
また、本発明では、幅木を床上部構造に固定する幅木固定具を用いれば、床上部構造体と幅木とを壁から完全に離すことができ、更に、床上部構造体と壁との間の隙間が幅木の裏面で狭められるのを防止することができる。
【００４１】
図面を参照して、本発明をより一層詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の１例の防音床構造の断面図である。図２は図１の防音床構造の防音床部材の配置を示す平面略図である。図３は本発明にかかる１参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示した断面図である。図４（ａ）は本発明にかかる１例の幅木の正面図であり、図４（ｂ）は図４（ａ）の幅木のＡ−Ａ断面図である。図５（ａ）は本発明にかかる他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。図５（ｂ）は本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【００４２】
図６は本発明の他の例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。図７は図６で用いる幅木固定具の使用状態を示す正面図である。図８は本発明にかかる１例の幅木固定具の斜視図である。図９は本発明の更に他の例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【００４３】
図１０は本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。図１１は本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。図１２は本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【００４４】
図１及び２に示すように、防音床構造１は、枠組壁工法による建築物の床基版２と、床基版２上の防音床部材３と、防音床部材３上の板状材の積層体からなる床上部構造体４とを備える。
【００４５】
防音材３は、複数の防音床部材５からなり、各防音床部材５が床基版２上に所定の間隔で設置されている。防音床部材５は、少なくとも２種のバネ特性の異なる衝撃吸収部材６と、衝撃吸収部材６の上部及び下部の少なくとも一方を固定している支持部材７とを有する。衝撃吸収部材６は互いに所定の間隔で離間している。
【００４６】
図２に示すように、床基版２の外周付近に防音床部材５Ａを設け、床基版２の中央には、防音床部材５Ｂを、部屋長辺に平行に設けた根太（図では省略している。）に防音床部材５Ｂの長辺が直交する方向で配置する。
【００４７】
例えば、床基版２は、２１０サイズの木材の根太２Ａで１５ｍｍ厚構造用合板２Ｂが固定され形成される。その上に設置される防音床部材５は、例えば、衝撃吸収部材６Ａ，６Ｂと支持部材７から構成される。
【００４８】
相対的に高さのに高い衝撃吸収部材６Ａの床基版２側には粘弾性体８が設けられ、床基版２に粘着接着で固定されている。相対的に高さの低い衝撃吸収部材６Ｂには、粘弾性体はなく、わずかに床基版２から離れている。
【００４９】
防音床部材５の上には、例えば、２０ｍｍ厚パーチクルボード４Ａが防音床部材５の支持材７にビス固定され、パーチクルボード４Ａの上にアスファルト系高比重遮音材４Ｂが敷設され、その上に１５ｍｍ厚パーチクルボード４Ｃが下層のパーチクルボード４Ａにアスファルト系高比重遮音材４Ｂを介してビス固定され、床上部構造体４を構成する。この例では更に、床仕上材として、フローリング材４Ｄがフロアーネイルで固定され、床上部構造体４を形成している。
【００５０】
床基版２の下は、例えば、天井スチル根太９に、２枚の石膏ボード１０が固定され、独立天井１１が形成され、天井１１上には吸音材１２が敷かれている。
【００５１】
本発明では、防音床構造を所定の壁と組み合わせて防音構造として用いることができる。図３は防音構造の床と壁の納まり部を示した断面図である。この例の防音構造では、図３には示していないが、床基版の上に、複数の衝撃吸収部材と支持部材とからなる防音床部材が粘弾性体で固定されている点は図１と同様である。また、かかる防音床部材の上には、図３に示すように、下から、パーチクルボード４Ａ、アスファルト系高比重遮音材４Ｂ、パーチクルボード４Ｃ及びフローリング材４Ｄが各々積層固定され、床上部構造体４が形成されている点も、図１と同様である。
【００５２】
図３、図４に示す例では、床上部構造体４と壁１３との間に隙間１４が設けられ、床仕上材としてのフローリング材４Ｄに接するように幅木１６が設けられ、壁１３と防音床構造とからなる防音構造１５が形成される。防音構造１５では、床上部構造体４の下側空間と床上部構造体４の上側空間との通気が保たれる。
【００５３】
幅木１６には、表面の木材１７の裏面の所々にパッキン材１８が設けられており、パッキン材１８の間が通気溝となる。又、表面の木材１７とパッキン材１８が一体となった形状の幅木としてもよい。正面図でほぼ中央にある横方向の開口部１９は、通気溝と連通し居室に開口しており、床下空間と床上居室とを連通させている。幅木の上部は通常の幅木であればよく、特別な構造にする必要はない。
【００５４】
幅木１６の下部には、クッション材２０が配置されている。クッション材２０は、床仕上材と幅木との間に隙間を形成させずに、かつ床の振動が壁に入力されないように設けるものである。クッション材は、床仕上材の振動を絶縁する材質や振動変位に追従する材質ものが好ましく、ゴムや、不織布、フェルト、グラスウール、ロックウール等の多孔質材や、ゴムやポリマーを単独又は併用した発泡体を用いることができる。
【００５５】
幅木の下部のクッション材は用いなくてもよい。図５（ａ）及び（ｂ）はいずれもクッション材を用いない幅木の例である。図５（ａ）に示す防音構造２１Ａでは、フローリング仕上の場合に、幅木２６を用いる。幅木２６は下部にクッション材を有していない。また、図５（ｂ）に示すような防音構造２１Ｂでは、幅木２６を用い、カーペットやクッションフロア材を床仕上材として用いることができる。カーペット２３の場合は、フローリング仕上と異なり、一般的に幅木を取りつけた後にカーペットを施工するため、幅木に対してカーペットをつきつけるかたちの納まりとなる。このため、カーペット２３と幅木２６との間にはクッション材は設けられないが、カーペット自体クッション材としての役割を果たすため、床の振動が壁に入力されないようにすることができる。なお、カーペット２３とパーチクルボード４Ｃとの間には、フェルト２４とグリッパー２５とが配置される。その他の幅木の構成は図３〜４と同様である。
【００５６】
図６及び７に示す防音構造３１は、幅木固定具３２を用いて、幅木３３を床仕上材としてのフローリング材４Ｄに接するように設ける例である。図７は図６の防音構造をＢ方向から見た正面図である。床基版の上に、複数の防音床部材が粘弾性体で固定され、かかる防音床部材の上に、パーチクルボード等からなる床上部構造体４が形成され、及び床上部構造体４と壁１３との間に隙間１４が設けられる点は、図３等の防音構造と同様である。
【００５７】
この例では、幅木固定具３２は、具体的には、図８に示すように、垂直部３２Ａと水平部３２Ｂとを有する断面Ｌ字型の形状のＬ型金物からなることができる。幅木３３は、上部幅木３３Ａと下部幅木３３Ｂとからなることができる。幅木固定具の垂直部３２Ａは下部幅木３３Ｂを固定し、水平部３２Ｂはフローリング材４Ｄとパーチクルボード４Ｃとの間に固定される。なお、上部幅木３３Ａと下部幅木３３Ｂとの間には、図３の防音構造と同様に、開口部３３Ｃが形成される。
【００５８】
かかる防音構造では、床上部構造体４と壁１３とが完全に離れているため、床の振動を壁と完全に絶縁することができる。なお、図３のようにパッキン材１８を介して幅木を壁に固定すると、パッキン材の部分で通気がしぼられ、隙間１４の通気量が幅木の裏面で少なくなるが、図６のような納まり部の構造にすれば、幅木固定具３２の垂直部３２Ａの分だけの細まりを考慮すればよく、床上部構造体４と壁１３との間の隙間１４の通気量を幅木の裏面でも確保することができる。
【００５９】
図９の防音構造４１は、図６に示すような幅木固定具３２と幅木３３とを、図５に示すような床上部構造２２と組み合わせた例である。この例においても、床上部構造体２２と壁１３とが完全に離れており、床上部構造体２２と壁１３との間の隙間１４の通気量を幅木の裏面でも確保することができる。
【００６０】
図１０に示すような防音構造５１では、床上部構造体５２の床仕上材を畳５３とする。畳仕上の場合は、壁１３と畳５３との間に畳寄せ５４を用い、畳寄せ５４に通気部材５５を設け、通気部材５５からの通気を行う。通気部材５５は、床仕上材の振動を絶縁し、振動変位に追従する材質のものが好ましく、不織布、フェルト、グラスウール、ロックウール等を用いることができるが、他の材質のものでも通気性があり、かつクッション性のあるものであれば何でも良い。また、畳を薄畳とした場合も同様な畳寄せとすればよい。
【００６１】
図１１に示すような防音構造６１では、床上部構造体４の床仕上材をフローリング材４Ｄで代表して図示したが、特に床仕上材を限定するものではない。幅木６２は一般に用いられる木質材やプラスチック材のものでよく、幅木６２の下部のクッション材６３が通気性を有し、かつ、床の振動絶縁性、振動変位追従性を有するものである。クッション材の材質としては、不織布、フェルト、グラスウール、ロックウール等の繊維系多孔質材、ゴムやポリマーを単独又は併用した発泡体、ゴムやポリマーのソリッド又は発泡体を粉砕し、単独又は混合してバインダーを粒子表面に付着して圧縮成型した多孔質材を用いることができる。
【００６２】
図１２に示すような防音構造７１では、床上部構造体４の床仕上材をフローリング材４Ｄで代表して図示したが、特に床仕上材を限定するものではない。幅木６２は一般に用いられる木質材やプラスチック材でよく、幅木６２の下部とフローリング材４Ｄとの間は、見苦しくない程度に隙間７２を設け、床下部との通気を確保している。
【００６３】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を例により具体的に説明する。
参考例１
枠組壁工法で建築した建物において、上下階共６畳間を使用して実験する。
図１〜３に床構造断面を示すように、６畳間の長辺方向に断面２１０木材の根太で１５ｍｍ厚構造用合板を支持して床基版を形成し、床基版下部は周囲の２１０木材で支持した天井スチール根太５０×１００に１２．５ｍｍ厚石膏ボードを継ぎ目をずらして２層貼りして、石膏ボード上に５５ｍｍ厚ロックウールが配置された独立天井を設ける。
【００６４】
前記床基版上に防音床部材を図１及び２に示した如く、床基版外周と、床基版内に根太と直交方向で配置固定する。次に、壁下部に４ｍｍ厚合板１００×５００をスペーサとして約１ｍ間隔で仮止めした後、防音床部材上に２０ｍｍ厚パーチクルボードを防音床材の長辺方向に対し長辺方向を直交させてビス固定する。なお、ビス頭はパーチクルボード面より１〜２ｍｍ沈み込ませる。
【００６５】
次に、アスファルト系高比重の遮音マット８×４５５×９１０をパーチクルボード上に敷き並べて、次に、最下層の２０ｍｍ厚パーチクルボードの長辺に直交する方向に、１５ｍｍ厚パーチクルボードを設置し、最下層２０ｍｍ厚パーチクルボードにビス固定する。ビス頭はパーチクルボード面より１〜２ｍｍ沈み込むようにして固定する。
【００６６】
次に、１２ｍｍ厚フローリング材をフロアーネイルで固定し、前記スペーサを抜き取り図３に示した幅木を取り付けて供試する。
【００６７】
比較例１
参考例１の床基版の状態で供試する。
【００６８】
試験方法
参考例１の防音床構造及び比較例１の床構造の重量床衝撃音を測定する。試験はＪＩＳ−Ａ−１４１８−２：２０００に従って、衝撃力特性（１）の衝撃源を用いて行う。比較例１からの改善量を表１に示す。
【００６９】
【表１】

【００７０】
参考例１及び比較例１の実験結果を説明する。
参考例１の防音床構造は、通常の枠組壁工法の建物において、床基版に、防音床部材を床基版の根太に対し直交方向に設け、床周辺で壁に平行に防音床部材を配置し、防音床部材上に床上部構造体を壁との間に隙間を設けて施工し、壁と床仕上材との納まり部に、通気性のある幅木であって、床の働きに追従するクッション材を設けた幅木を用いたものである。比較例１の床構造は、参考例１の防音床構造の床基版のみの状態の床構造であり、通常の枠組壁工法の建物の重量床衝撃音の代表値として試験するものである。
【００７１】
参考例１の防音床構造は、比較例１の床構造に比べ、６３Ｈｚで１２ｄＢ、１２５Ｈｚで１３ｄＢ、２５０Ｈｚで１４ｄＢ、５００Ｈｚで１０ｄＢ改善され、何れの周波数も１０ｄＢ以上改善されており、その結果Ｌ_Ｈ７０の状態であったものが２ランク改善のＬ_Ｈ６０となっている。
【００７２】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、所定の床基版と床上部構造体との間に、複数の防音床部材を所定の間隔で配置することによって、床上部構造体からの衝撃が、浮床構造によって緩和されるとともに、各防音床部材に分散されて独立して吸収されるので、床基版からの重量床衝撃音が著しく低減される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の１例の防音床構造の断面図である。
【図２】図１の防音床構造の防音床部材の配置を示す平面略図である。
【図３】本発明にかかる１参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示した断面図である。
【図４】（ａ）は１例の幅木の正面図であり、（ｂ）は（ａ）の幅木のＡ−Ａ断面図である。
【図５】（ａ）は本発明にかかる他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図であり、（ｂ）は本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【図６】本発明の他の例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【図７】本発明にかかる幅木固定具の使用状態を示す正面図である。
【図８】本発明にかかる１例の幅木固定具の斜視図である。
【図９】本発明の更に他の例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【図１０】本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【図１１】本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【図１２】本発明にかかる更に他の参考例の防音床構造の床と壁の納まり部を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１防音床構造
２床基版
３防音材
４床上部構造体
５，５Ａ，５Ｂ防音床部材
６，６Ａ，６Ｂ衝撃吸収部材
７支持部材
８粘弾性体
１３壁
１４隙間
１５防音構造
１６幅木
１８パッキン材
１９開口部
２０クッション材
３２幅木固定具
５２畳
５４畳寄せ
５５通気部材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a soundproof floor structure that remarkably improves a heavy floor impact sound that is generated by vibrations typified by children's jumping and running as a floor on the upper floor of a building constructed by a frame wall construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the heavy floor impact sound is a typical example of the noise of the upper and lower floors along with the lightweight floor impact sound. Lightweight floor impact sound is light in weight and has a small impact force. Therefore, it is now widespread that the floor finishing material itself absorbs the impact, and it can be said that the lightweight floor impact countermeasure has been almost completed.
[0003]
In medium- and high-rise buildings represented by RC structures, the degree of fixation between structural members such as columns, beams, floors, and walls is high, and by increasing the floor slab thickness and increasing the weight and rigidity, it is easy to apply heavy-weight floor impact. It has long been known that sound can be reduced, and even today, means for increasing floor slab thickness are widely used.
[0004]
However, in a building constructed by a framed wall construction method, the degree of fixation between the structural members is inevitably low, and the floor is simply increased in weight and rigidity in the same way as RC construction because of the strength and cost of the structural material. It is not something that can be countered. For this reason, various studies have been conducted on measures against heavy floor impact noise of buildings constructed by the frame wall construction method, but they have not yet been put into practical use (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-188238 A.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventor has made various proposals and has demonstrated that measures can be taken to a considerably good level in recent years.
[0007]
However, if you always want to obtain a target level result under any building conditions, you need to find a way to achieve a result that is one rank better than the target level, and use the current floor base plate itself. If it is not a means, it will be accompanied by a basic design change, and will deviate from a product which can be widely spread in terms of cost. No means for satisfying such conditions is known.
[0008]
In particular, the heavy floor impact sound is characterized in that since the impact source is heavy and soft, the impact force is increased and the impact duration is increased. In addition, since the characteristics of the generated noise are particularly low frequency bands of 31.5 Hz and 63 Hz, it is difficult to measure how to reduce the heavy floor impact sound in lightweight buildings such as wooden structures. It is extremely.
[0009]
The present invention is applied to the floor of the building without changing the technology and design concept of the building by the current frame wall construction method, and the heavy floor impact sound level is higher than the current level by 2 ranks or more without excessive cost increase. The issue is to improve stably.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present invention relates to a soundproof floor comprising a floor base plate of a building by a frame wall construction method, a soundproof floor member on the floor base plate, and a floor upper structure made of a laminate of plate-like materials on the soundproof floor member. In the structure, the sound-insulating floor member comprises a plurality of sound-insulating floor members, and each of the sound-insulating floor members is installed on the floor base plate at a predetermined interval, and each of the sound-insulating floor members has an elongated shape and has a floor upper structure. Each of the sound-insulating floor members has at least two types of shock-absorbing members having different spring characteristics, and each of the shock-absorbing members. A support member that fixes the upper portion of the shock absorbing member, the shock absorbing members are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and the supporting member is disposed on the shock absorbing member,From both ends of the soundproof floor member 100mm There is a part without the shock absorbing member in the part of the degree,The shock absorbing member has a viscoelastic body for fixing to the floor base plate on the floor base plate side except for the shock absorbing member having a lower height.The plate-like material is shifted from the joint of the lower plate-like material, laminated so that the long side and the long side of the lower plate-like material intersect, and screw-fixed, and the screw head is the plate-like material Than the surface of 1 ~ 2mm The base plate is submerged, a gap is secured between the floor upper structure and the wall, and a base plate is provided in a storage portion between the wall and the floor finishing material, and the base plate is connected to the top base plate. A lower skirting board, a gap is provided between the upper skirting board and the lower skirting board, and using the skirting board fixing tool for fixing the lower skirting board to the floor upper structure, The floor upper structure and the lower skirting board are completely separated from the wall, and the gap between the lower skirting board and the wall is substantially equal to the ventilation amount between the floor upper structure and the wall. Formed to have quantityThis relates to a soundproof floor structure.
[0011]
The present invention configures a floor upper structure which becomes a floating floor structure by installing a plurality of soundproof floor members on a predetermined floor base plate at arbitrary intervals and fixing a plurality of plate-like materials on the soundproof floor member. The soundproof floor structure is used.
[0012]
The soundproof floor member includes a support member and a plurality of impact absorbing members, and each impact absorbing member is composed of at least two types having different spring characteristics. The floor upper structure on the soundproof floor member is formed by laminating and fixing a plurality of plate-like materials.
[0013]
  In the present invention, a space is formed between the floor base plate, the soundproof floor member, and the lowermost plate-like material of the floor upper structure, and a living room on the floor is interposed through a gap between the wall and the floor upper structure. Communicated with. The gap can be made invisible by a baseboard having a communicating part in a floor finishing material and a wall receiving part. In addition, when flooring material is flooring material, skirting board is provided with a cushion material with excellent followability to floor displacement at the lower part so that floor vibrations through the skirting board are not input to the wall It can also be.
[0014]
In the present invention, when the floor finishing material is a carpet or cushion floor material, the cushioning material below the baseboard may not be provided in the storage portion with the floor finishing material as long as air permeability is ensured. . When the floor finishing material is tatami or thin tatami, it is only necessary to ensure air permeability to the tatami mat. In addition, if the skirting board is composed of an upper skirting board and a lower skirting board, the lower skirting board is fixed to the floor surface, and vibrations of the floor are not input to the wall through the skirting board, the cushion There is no need for materials.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the constituent materials constituting the present invention will be described and the operation thereof will be described together.
The floor base referred to in the present invention refers to a floor main body constructed by a frame wall construction method, and is a panel in which a plate material is fixed on floor joists and floor beams. The floor base plate may be one in which an inorganic board is additionally attached or the weight of the floor base plate itself is increased for fire resistance.
[0016]
The sound-insulating floor member is composed of a plurality of impact absorbing members and a supporting member, and the impact absorbing member is composed of at least two types having different spring characteristics, and is integrally fixed to the supporting member at an arbitrary interval. The support member is on at least one of the upper and lower sides of the impact absorbing member.
[0017]
When the supporting member is on one side, the other shock absorbing member is a sticking material for fixing to the bottom plate or the bottom plate of the floor upper structure except for those having a lower height than the other shock absorbing members. It can have an elastic body.
[0018]
The shock absorbing member is a particularly important component for the soundproof floor member. The spring characteristics of the shock absorbing member can be broadly classified into linear springs, progressive springs, progressive springs, and constant load springs. Two or more spring characteristics are used in combination under the use conditions of the shock absorbing member. The spring characteristics can also be adjusted by the material, formulation, and shape.
[0019]
The material of the shock absorbing member includes a metal, a viscoelastic body, a fibrous material, and a foam, and can be used as a single shock absorbing member alone or in combination.
[0020]
The shock absorbing member cannot function as a floor unless it clears the severe condition that the floor upper structure must be supported continuously throughout the service period as a support material for the floating floor layer of the floor upper structure. Therefore, the conditions that the shock absorbing member should satisfy in order to satisfy the original function of the floor are excellent in resilience, low compression set, excellent chemical stability, and excellent vibration damping. Is also satisfied. In particular, in order to be a floor excellent in heavy-weight floor impact sound, it is necessary to satisfy the condition that the shock absorbing performance is further excellent and the impact reaction force can be suppressed.
[0021]
For that purpose, it is necessary to select and adjust various materials from the above viewpoints.In particular, in the case of viscoelastic bodies, in terms of how to cover conflicting properties and obtain target performance, the present inventor's The finding is indispensable to use at least two kinds of impact absorbing members having different spring characteristics under service conditions.
[0022]
What should be particularly noted as the soundproof floor member is that, since attention is paid to the heavy floor impact sound, the three points of walking performance, long-term load resistance, and floor vibration that are inherent to the floor are likely to deteriorate. In particular, floor vibrations are difficult to notice and are an important check point. That is, in the shock absorbing member, a device that does not cause the elastic component to act more than necessary is required, and a device that sufficiently applies the viscous component is required.
[0023]
For example, the height of the shock absorbing member rich in elastic elements may be set lower than that of other shock absorbing members.
[0024]
As the shape of the sound-insulating floor member, it is an elongated shape and has a length equivalent to the long side of the lowermost plate-like material forming the floor upper structure described later. The same size as the short side of the lower plate-like material is also good. In addition, due to the arrangement and accommodation in construction, in the soundproof floor member, by providing a portion having no impact absorbing member at a portion of about 100 mm from both ends, only the supporting member is cut and the total number of the impact absorbing members is not changed. As a result, the performance of the heavy floor impact sound can be stabilized.
[0025]
The end joist of the floor end frequently used in double floors and the like is completely unnecessary in the present invention, and by using a soundproof flooring instead of the end joist, it can be used for the load of the floor end chiffon or bookshelf etc. In contrast, sufficient stability can be obtained without a sense of incongruity. That is, by processing only the floor end portion with a member having little displacement due to the load, the floor displacement slightly increases toward the center in the portion entering the center from the floor end portion. In other words, an inclination is made toward the center of the floor, and the chiffon and the bookshelf are likely to fall over. On the contrary, if it supports only with a soundproof flooring like this invention, since a load displacement difference is small and an inclination does not arise, a chiffon and a bookshelf cannot fall easily.
[0026]
  Next, the floor upper structure referred to in the present invention is a portion that becomes a floating floor structure by the soundproof floor member, and is a laminated structure of plate-like members that are horizontally fixed on the soundproof floor member. The upper floor structure is made by laminating and fixing plate-like materials and sound insulation materials. Since the sound insulation materials are generally not sufficiently screw-fixed, other plate-like materials are placed on the sound insulation materials. It is better to fix the screws to the lower plate. At this time, the plate-like material is shifted from the joint of the lower plate-like material, and is laminated and fixed so that the long side and the long side of the lower plate-like material are orthogonal to each other. For the lowermost layer of the floor upper structure, it is desirable to use a plate-like body having the highest bending rigidity among the constituent materials.
[0027]
By taking the above measures, the floor superstructure can be more uniformly integrated. Flooring materials, flooring materials, cushion floors, carpets, tatami mats, etc., which are generally used as floor finishing materials, can be used for the finished surface of the floor upper structure. Since there is no knowledge about all the floor finishing materials on the market, it is necessary to confirm in advance when determining the floor finishing material.
[0028]
In the construction of the upper floor structure, the contact with the wall and other parts perpendicular to the floor is temporarily fixed to the lower part of the wall in some places, and the floor finishing material for the upper floor structure is constructed. It is preferable to remove the gap or cut it in accordance with the floor finish to ensure a gap between the wall and the floor upper structure. On the other hand, by installing a skirting board or a tatami mat with air permeability, it is possible to prevent the air under the floor upper structure from being compressed by the floor impact and causing the drumming phenomenon, resulting in vibration of the floor base plate. Therefore, the cause of noise deterioration can be eliminated.
[0029]
The skirting board according to the present invention can have a vibration displacement tracking function. This skirting board prevents the floor vibration from being transmitted to the wall by providing a cushion material that quickly follows the floor displacement at the bottom, or by providing a foam with an adhesive layer on the side where the skirting board is attached. This is effective in suppressing variations in heavy floor impact noise and eliminating the deterioration factors.
[0030]
Moreover, the skirting board which has such a vibration displacement follow-up function can be fixed to the floor upper structure using a skirting board fixture. In this case, the skirting board fixture creates a gap between the skirting board and the wall, and preferably has a gap so as to have an air flow rate approximately equal to the air flow rate between the floor upper structure and the wall. Form.
[0031]
Preferably, the baseboard fixing tool includes a baseboard fixing portion that is fixed to the baseboard while ensuring a gap between the baseboard and the wall, and a floor fixing portion that is fixed to the floor upper structure. Particularly preferably, the baseboard fixing tool has an L-shaped cross section having a vertical portion as a baseboard fixing portion and a horizontal portion as a floor fixing portion. In such a skirting fixture, the vertical part is fixed to the back surface of the skirting board, and the horizontal part is fixed to at least one kind of flooring material constituting the floor upper structure.
[0032]
Next, the effect | action which can improve a heavy floor impact sound greatly in this invention is demonstrated.
In the soundproof floor structure of the present invention, when a floor impact is received, the floor upper structure as the first impacted body is uniformly integrated, and a plurality of soundproof floor members that are easily displaced independently. Because it is supported, the floor is displaced over a wide range. For this reason, the amount of floor displacement is also suppressed small. That is, the impact force is distributed over a wide area, the energy for moving the floor upper structure with a large area is lost, and as a result, the impact force per unit area is dispersed small.
[0033]
Next, the soundproof floor member, which is the second impacted body, supports the floor upper structure with at least two, and the floor upper structure is a laminate of plate-like materials, so that the floor displacement can be achieved over a wide area. do. That is, in the present invention, the impact of the floor upper structure is absorbed by many soundproof floor members.
[0034]
The soundproof floor member is composed of a support member and a large number of impact absorbing members. When the support material is disposed on the impact absorbing material, the support member is rigid, so bending stress is applied to the entire support member, resulting in a large area. The impact force is dispersed over a wide area. As the support member is bent, the impact absorbing member also absorbs deformation, and the impact force per unit is small and dispersed. This small and dispersed impact force is input to the floor base plate as a large number of dots.
[0035]
In addition, when the support member is under the impact absorbing member, the impact force of the upper floor structure cannot be received over a wide area, but the impact force absorbed by many impact absorbing members and could not be absorbed. Is input to the support member in the form of dots, but the impact energy loss is caused by the support member having increased bending resistance by being fixed to the floor base plate, and the plate vibration of the floor base plate is also constrained to restrain the floor base plate. It plays the role of reducing the radiation volume from the plate.
[0036]
The floor base plate, which is the third impacted body, is input after the impact force is weakened by any one of the input paths of the two types of impact input described above, and radiated sound is generated by the vibration of the floor base plate and the ceiling The sound is absorbed by the sound absorbing material provided in the interior and is also sound-insulated by a gypsum board or the like as the sound insulating material on the ceiling surface and propagates as a heavy floor impact sound in the lower floor room.
[0037]
The space under the floor upper structure is free of air compression at the time of floor impact due to the gap between the wall and the floor upper structure, can avoid drumming, and can eliminate the cause of sound performance deterioration. . At this time, if the skirting board or the tatami mat is devised and the air permeability of the skirting board or the tatami mat is secured, the space under the floor upper structure will communicate with the room, and there is no sense of incongruity in terms of aesthetics. .
[0038]
In order to eliminate the deterioration factor of the sound performance due to the vibration propagation between the skirting board and the wall, the lower part of the skirting board should be separated from the floor surface. Further, when closing the gap between the lower skirting board and the floor surface, for example, a cushion material that quickly follows the displacement of the floor may be provided at the lower part of the skirting board so that the skirting board has a vibration displacement tracking function. In addition, when the lower part of the skirting board is used as a storage portion that comes into contact with the floor surface, a cushion layer is provided on the wall surface of the skirting board or the skirting board is brought into contact with the wall surface so that the skirting board has a vibration displacement tracking function. It is sufficient to fix to the floor upper structure.
[0039]
In the present invention, since the floor base plate, the soundproof floor member, and the upper floor structure are each firmly fixed, the deterioration of the sound performance due to the jumping phenomenon of the floor due to the impact reaction force can be solved.
[0040]
In the present invention, if a baseboard fixing tool for fixing the baseboard to the floor upper structure is used, the floor upper structure and the baseboard can be completely separated from the wall, and further, the floor upper structure and the wall It is possible to prevent the gap between the two from being narrowed on the back surface of the skirting board.
[0041]
  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
  FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example of a soundproof floor structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of the soundproof floor members of the soundproof floor structure of FIG. FIG. 3 shows the present invention.Take1referenceIt is sectional drawing which showed the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall. Fig.4 (a) is a front view of an example skirting board concerning this invention, FIG.4 (b) is AA sectional drawing of a skirting board of Fig.4 (a). FIG. 5 (a) shows the present invention.TakeotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall. FIG. 5B shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
[0042]
  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a floor and wall storage portion of a soundproof floor structure according to another example of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a front view showing a use state of the baseboard fixture used in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example skirting fixture according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a floor and wall storage portion of a soundproof floor structure of still another example of the present invention.
[0043]
  FIG. 10 shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall. FIG. 11 shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall. FIG. 12 shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
[0044]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the soundproof floor structure 1 includes a floor base plate 2 of a building by a frame wall construction method, a soundproof floor member 3 on the floor base plate 2, and a plate-like material on the soundproof floor member 3. And a floor upper structure 4 made of a laminate.
[0045]
The soundproofing material 3 includes a plurality of soundproofing floor members 5, and the soundproofing floor members 5 are installed on the floor base plate 2 at predetermined intervals. The soundproof floor member 5 includes at least two types of impact absorbing members 6 having different spring characteristics, and a support member 7 that fixes at least one of the upper and lower portions of the impact absorbing member 6. The shock absorbing members 6 are separated from each other at a predetermined interval.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 2, a soundproof floor member 5A is provided near the outer periphery of the floor base plate 2, and a soundproof floor member 5B is provided in the center of the floor base plate 2 in parallel with the long side of the room (not shown in the figure). The long side of the soundproof floor member 5B is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the soundproofing floor member 5B.
[0047]
For example, the floor base plate 2 is formed by fixing a 15 mm thick plywood 2B with 210 mm wood joists 2A. The soundproof floor member 5 installed thereon is composed of, for example,

impact absorbing members

6A and 6B and a support member 7.
[0048]
A viscoelastic body 8 is provided on the floor base plate 2 side of the relatively high impact absorbing member 6A, and is fixed to the floor base plate 2 by adhesive bonding. The impact absorbing member 6B having a relatively low height has no viscoelastic body and is slightly separated from the floor base plate 2.
[0049]
On the sound-insulating floor member 5, for example, a 20 mm thick particle board 4A is screw-fixed to the support material 7 of the sound-insulating floor member 5, and an asphalt-based high-density sound insulating material 4B is laid on the particle board 4A. The particle board 4 C is screw-fixed to the lower particle board 4 A via an asphalt high specific gravity sound insulating material 4 B to constitute the floor upper structure 4. Further, in this example, the flooring material 4D is fixed with a floor nail as a floor finishing material, and the floor upper structure 4 is formed.
[0050]
Under the floor base plate 2, for example, two gypsum boards 10 are fixed to a ceiling still joist 9 to form an independent ceiling 11, and a sound absorbing material 12 is laid on the ceiling 11.
[0051]
In the present invention, the soundproof floor structure can be used as a soundproof structure in combination with a predetermined wall. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a floor and a wall storing portion of a soundproof structure. In the soundproof structure of this example, although not shown in FIG. 3, the soundproof floor member composed of a plurality of shock absorbing members and support members is fixed on the floor base plate with a viscoelastic body. It is the same. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a particle board 4A, an asphalt-based high-density sound insulation material 4B, a particle board 4C, and a flooring material 4D are laminated and fixed on the sound-insulating floor member, respectively. The points formed are the same as in FIG.
[0052]
In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a gap 14 is provided between the floor upper structure 4 and the wall 13, and a skirting board 16 is provided so as to contact the flooring material 4 D as a floor finishing material. A soundproof structure 15 composed of a soundproof floor structure is formed. In the soundproof structure 15, ventilation between the lower space of the floor upper structure 4 and the upper space of the floor upper structure 4 is maintained.
[0053]
The skirting board 16 is provided with packing materials 18 at places on the back surface of the wood 17 on the front surface, and a space between the packing materials 18 serves as a ventilation groove. Moreover, it is good also as a baseboard of the shape where the surface wood 17 and the packing material 18 were united. The opening 19 in the lateral direction substantially at the center in the front view communicates with the ventilation groove and opens into the living room, and connects the underfloor space and the above-floor room. The upper part of the skirting board may be a normal skirting board and does not need to have a special structure.
[0054]
A cushion material 20 is disposed below the skirting board 16. The cushion material 20 is provided so as not to form a gap between the floor finishing material and the skirting board and to prevent floor vibration from being input to the wall. The cushioning material is preferably a material that insulates the vibration of the flooring material or a material that follows vibration displacement, and a porous material such as rubber, non-woven fabric, felt, glass wool, rock wool, rubber or polymer is used alone or in combination. Foam can be used.
[0055]
The cushion material under the skirting board may not be used. FIGS. 5A and 5B are examples of baseboards that do not use a cushion material. In the soundproof structure 21 A shown in FIG. 5A, the baseboard 26 is used in the case of the flooring finish. The skirting board 26 does not have a cushion material at the bottom. Further, in the soundproof structure 21B as shown in FIG. 5B, a skirting board 26 is used, and a carpet or a cushion floor material can be used as a flooring material. In the case of the carpet 23, unlike the flooring finish, since the carpet is generally installed after the baseboard is attached, the carpet 23 is attached to the baseboard. For this reason, no cushion material is provided between the carpet 23 and the skirting board 26. However, since the carpet itself functions as a cushion material, floor vibrations can be prevented from being input to the wall. A felt 24 and a gripper 25 are arranged between the carpet 23 and the particle board 4C. The other baseboard configurations are the same as in FIGS.
[0056]
A soundproof structure 31 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is an example in which a skirting board 33 is provided in contact with a flooring material 4D as a floor finishing material using a skirting board fixture 32. FIG. 7 is a front view of the soundproof structure of FIG. 6 viewed from the B direction. A plurality of soundproof floor members are fixed on the floor base plate with a viscoelastic body, and a floor upper structure 4 made of a particle board or the like is formed on the soundproof floor member, and the floor upper structure 4 and the wall 13 are formed. A gap 14 is provided between the soundproof structure and the soundproof structure shown in FIG.
[0057]
In this example, the skirting board fixture 32 can be made of an L-shaped metal piece having an L-shaped cross section having a vertical portion 32A and a horizontal portion 32B, as shown in FIG. The skirting board 33 can be composed of an upper skirting board 33A and a lower skirting board 33B. The vertical part 32A of the baseboard fixing tool fixes the lower baseboard 33B, and the horizontal part 32B is fixed between the flooring material 4D and the particle board 4C. Note that an opening 33C is formed between the upper skirting board 33A and the lower skirting board 33B, as in the soundproof structure of FIG.
[0058]
In such a soundproof structure, since the floor upper structure 4 and the wall 13 are completely separated from each other, the vibration of the floor can be completely insulated from the wall. When the skirting board is fixed to the wall via the packing material 18 as shown in FIG. 3, the ventilation is squeezed in the portion of the packing material, and the ventilation amount of the gap 14 is reduced on the back surface of the skirting board, but as shown in FIG. If the structure of the storage part is a small one, it is only necessary to consider the narrowing of the vertical part 32A of the baseboard fixture 32, and the amount of ventilation of the gap 14 between the floor upper structure 4 and the wall 13 is reduced. It can be secured even on the back side of.
[0059]
The soundproof structure 41 in FIG. 9 is an example in which the baseboard fixture 32 and baseboard 33 as shown in FIG. 6 are combined with the floor upper structure 22 as shown in FIG. Also in this example, the floor upper structure 22 and the wall 13 are completely separated from each other, and the amount of ventilation of the gap 14 between the floor upper structure 22 and the wall 13 can be ensured even on the back surface of the baseboard.
[0060]
In the soundproof structure 51 as shown in FIG. 10, the floor finishing material of the floor upper structure 52 is a tatami 53. In the case of tatami mat finishing, a tatami mat 54 is used between the wall 13 and the tatami 53, and a ventilation member 55 is provided in the tatami mat 54 to ventilate the vent member 55. The ventilation member 55 is preferably made of a material that insulates the vibration of the flooring material and follows the vibration displacement. Nonwoven fabric, felt, glass wool, rock wool or the like can be used, but other materials can also be breathable. Anything can be used as long as it has cushioning properties. In addition, when the tatami is a thin tatami mat, a similar tatami mat may be used.
[0061]
In the soundproof structure 61 as shown in FIG. 11, the floor finishing material of the floor upper structure 4 is represented by the flooring material 4D, but the floor finishing material is not particularly limited. The skirting board 62 may be a generally used wood material or plastic material, and the cushion material 63 below the skirting board 62 has air permeability, and also has floor vibration insulation and vibration displacement followability. . Cushion materials include non-woven fabrics, felts, glass wool, rock wool and other fibrous porous materials, foams using rubber or polymer alone or in combination, rubber or polymer solids or foams, singly or mixed. A porous material that is compression-molded with a binder attached to the particle surface can be used.
[0062]
In the soundproof structure 71 as shown in FIG. 12, the floor finishing material of the floor upper structure 4 is represented by the flooring material 4D, but the floor finishing material is not particularly limited. The skirting board 62 may be a generally used wood material or plastic material, and a gap 72 is provided between the lower part of the skirting board 62 and the flooring material 4D so as not to be unsightly, thereby ensuring ventilation with the lower part of the floor.
[0063]
【Example】
 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
referenceExample 1
 In a building constructed by the frame wall method, the experiment is conducted using 6 tatami mats on both upper and lower floors.
 1-3, a floor base plate is formed by supporting a 15 mm thick plywood with a joist of a cross section of 210 wood in the long side direction between 6 tatami mats, as shown in FIGS. Two layers of 12.5 mm thick gypsum board are attached to 50 × 100 ceiling steel joists supported by 210 wood and the seam is shifted, and an independent ceiling in which 55 mm thick rock wool is arranged on the gypsum board is provided.
[0064]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, soundproof floor members are arranged and fixed on the floor base plate and in the direction orthogonal to the joists within the floor base plate. Next, after temporarily fixing the 4 mm thick plywood 100 × 500 as a spacer to the lower part of the wall at intervals of about 1 m, a 20 mm thick particle board is placed on the soundproof floor member with the long side direction orthogonal to the long side direction of the soundproof flooring material. Fix it. The screw head is submerged 1-2 mm from the particle board surface.
[0065]
Next, asphalt-based high specific gravity sound insulation mats 8 × 455 × 910 are laid on the particle board, then a 15 mm thick particle board is installed in a direction perpendicular to the long side of the lowermost 20 mm thick particle board, and the lowermost layer 20 mm Fix the screws to the thick particle board. Fix the screw head by sinking 1 to 2 mm from the particle board surface.
[0066]
Next, a flooring material having a thickness of 12 mm is fixed with a floor nail, the spacer is taken out, and a skirting board shown in FIG.
[0067]
Comparative Example 1
 referenceThe test is performed in the state of the floor base plate of Example 1.
[0068]
Test method
 referenceThe heavy floor impact sound of the soundproof floor structure of Example 1 and the floor structure of Comparative Example 1 is measured. The test is performed according to JIS-A-1418-2: 2000 using an impact source having impact force characteristics (1). The amount of improvement from Comparative Example 1 is shown in Table 1.
[0069]
[Table 1]

[0070]
  referenceThe experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 will be described.
  referenceIn the soundproof floor structure of Example 1, in a normal framed wall construction building, a soundproof floor member is provided on the floor base plate in a direction perpendicular to the joist of the floor base plate, and the soundproof floor member is arranged parallel to the wall around the floor. The floor upper structure is installed on the soundproof floor member with a gap between the wall and the space between the wall and the floor finishing material is a breathable baseboard that follows the function of the floor. A baseboard provided with a cushioning material is used. The floor structure of Comparative Example 1 isreferenceThe floor structure of the soundproof floor structure of Example 1 in the state of only the floor base plate is tested as a representative value of the heavy floor impact sound of a building of a normal frame wall construction method.
[0071]
  referenceThe soundproof floor structure of Example 1 is 12 at 63 Hz compared to the floor structure of Comparative Example 1.dB, 13 at 125 HzdB, 14 at 250 HzdB, 10 at 500 HzdB, and any frequency is improved by 10 dB or more. As a result, L_HWhat was in the 70 state is an improvement of 2 ranks L_H60.
[0072]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by arranging a plurality of soundproof floor members at a predetermined interval between a predetermined floor base and the floor upper structure, the impact from the floor upper structure is mitigated by the floating floor structure. In addition, since each soundproof floor member is dispersed and absorbed independently, the heavy floor impact sound from the floor base plate is significantly reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a soundproof floor structure according to the present invention.
2 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of soundproof floor members of the soundproof floor structure of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3Take1referenceIt is sectional drawing which showed the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
4A is a front view of an example skirting board, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the skirting board of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 5 (a) shows the present invention.TakeotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall, (b) is this inventionTakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a floor and wall storage portion of a soundproof floor structure according to another example of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a usage state of the skirting board fixture according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example skirting fixture according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a floor and wall storage portion of a soundproof floor structure according to still another example of the present invention.
FIG. 10 shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
FIG. 11 shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
FIG. 12 shows the present invention.TakeYet anotherreferenceIt is sectional drawing which shows the storage part of the floor of an example soundproof floor structure, and a wall.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Soundproof floor structure
2 Floor base plate
3 Soundproofing material
4 Floor upper structure
5, 5 A, 5 B Soundproof floor member
6, 6 A, 6 B Shock absorbing member
7 Support members
8 Viscoelastic body
1 3 wall
1 4 Clearance
1 5 Soundproof structure
1 6 skirting board
1 8 Packing material
1 9 Opening
20 cushion material
3 2 Skirting fixture
5 2 tatami mats
5 4 tatami mats
5 5 Ventilation member

Claims

In a soundproof floor structure comprising a floor base plate of a building by a frame wall construction method, a soundproof floor member on the floor base plate, and a floor upper structure made of a laminate of plate-like materials on the soundproof floor member,
The soundproof floor member is composed of a plurality of soundproof floor members, and each of the soundproof floor members is installed on the floor base plate at a predetermined interval, and each of the soundproof floor members has an elongated shape and forms a floor upper structure. It has the same length as the long side or short side of the lowermost plate-like material, and each of the soundproof floor members has at least two types of shock absorbing members having different spring characteristics, and the upper part of each of the shock absorbing members. Each of the shock absorbing members is spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and the supporting member is disposed on each of the shock absorbing members, and is about 100 mm from both ends of the soundproof floor member . The portion is provided with a portion having no shock absorbing member, and the shock absorbing member is a stick for fixing the floor base plate to the floor base plate side except for the shock absorbing member having a lower height. have a resilient member, the plate-like material, is to shift the seam of the lower plate member, Are stacked with the long side and the long side parts plate material so as to intersect, it is screw-fixed, bis head and sinks about 1 ~ 2 mm from the surface of the plate-shaped member, the floor superstructure and the wall There is a gap between them, and a baseboard is provided in a storage portion between the wall and the floor finish, and the baseboard is composed of an upper baseboard and a lower baseboard, and the upper baseboard And a lower skirting board are provided, and using a skirting fixture for fixing the lower skirting board to the floor upper structure, the floor upper structure and the lower skirting board are separated from the wall. Completely separated, the gap between the lower skirting board and the wall is formed to have an air flow rate substantially equal to the air flow rate between the floor upper structure and the wall. Soundproof floor structure.

2. The soundproof floor structure according to claim 1 , wherein the baseboard fixture has an L -shaped cross section having a vertical portion as a baseboard fixing portion and a horizontal portion as a floor fixing portion .

The upper skirting board and the lower skirting board are configured separately, a ventilation space is provided on the back surface of the lower skirting board, the upper skirting board is fixed to a wall surface, and the lower skirting board is provided. 2. The soundproof floor structure according to claim 1 , wherein the soundproof floor is fixed to a floor finish .