JP7117717B2 - Reduction mechanism and flame arrester with reduction mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a speed reduction mechanism and a flame arrestor with a speed reduction mechanism.

In piping that transports flammable gas or in tanks that store flammable liquids, if a fire occurs for some reason, the flame will propagate inside the piping or tank, causing an explosion or detonation that can lead to a serious accident. There is

As means for preventing this danger, for example, there is a flame arrester for extinguishing the flame propagating in the pipe. Its principle is to subdivide the flame, absorb heat, and extinguish it. For this reason, a general flame arrestor is configured to have a predetermined axial dimension and is configured by spirally winding a corrugated sheet metal.

Such a flame arrestor normally allows combustible gas to pass through, but is required to exhibit flame-extinguishing performance when a flame occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider flame-extinguishing performance and pressure loss in its design.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-207108

However, in order to ensure the desired flame-extinguishing performance, a distance is required to extinguish the flame, and it is conceivable to increase the axial dimension of the flame arrestor. That is, since the flame arrestor is enlarged in the axial direction of the pipe, the pressure loss increases. In order to reduce the pressure loss, it is conceivable to reduce the size of the flame arrestor in the axial direction of the pipe, but this makes it impossible to ensure the desired flame-extinguishing performance. That is, it was difficult to reduce the pressure loss (ensure the flow rate) while ensuring the desired flame-extinguishing performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a speed reduction mechanism and a flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism for the purpose of achieving both securing of desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduction of pressure loss (securing flow rate).

A speed reduction mechanism of the present invention is provided on at least one side in the axial direction of the pipe of a flame arrester that is provided in the pipe through which a combustible fluid flows to extinguish a flame propagating in the pipe. A reduction mechanism for reducing the speed of flame propagation propagating, wherein a plurality of members of the same shape are directly overlapped in the axial direction of the pipe so as to communicate in the axial direction of the pipe, and are configured in a cylindrical shape , Further, the flame propagates inside the cylinder, and the inner surface of each member has at least one non-parallel surface that is non-parallel to the axis and slows down the flame propagation speed of the flame propagating in the pipe. The non-parallel surfaces are formed of inclined surfaces such that the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually decreases toward one side in the axial direction, and the inclined surfaces are provided side by side in the axial direction. Alternatively, the non-parallel surfaces are curved surfaces in which the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually decreases toward one side in the axial direction, and the curved surfaces are provided side by side in the axial direction. Alternatively, the non-parallel surfaces are formed by inclined surfaces such that the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually increases toward one side in the axial direction, and the inclined surfaces are arranged side by side in the axial direction. Alternatively, the non-parallel surfaces are curved surfaces such that the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually increases toward one side in the axial direction, and the curved surfaces are arranged side by side in the axial direction. It is characterized by

According to the present invention as described above, it is configured in a cylindrical shape having a plurality of members so as to communicate in the axial direction of the pipe, and the inner surface of each member has at least one non-parallel surface that is non-parallel to the axis. However, the non-parallel surfaces are arranged side by side in the axial direction. According to such a configuration, the number of members can be changed according to the required performance. Therefore, it can be highly versatile.

Here, when a flame occurs in the pipe, the flame flows forward or backward in the flow direction of the fluid. Turn away from the axis. Since the non-parallel surfaces are arranged side by side in the axial direction, the phenomenon that the flame wraps around in the direction away from the central axis is repeated. In this way, the flame propagating in the piping is decelerated by repeating the wraparound phenomenon.

In addition, the speed reduction mechanism that slows down the flame propagating in the pipe is positioned downstream (one side in the axial direction) in the flow direction of the combustible fluid in the flame arrester, or upstream in the flow direction of the combustible fluid in the flame arrester. side (the other side in the axial direction), or both sides in the flow direction of the combustible fluid in the flame arrestor (both sides in the axial direction). For example, if there is a possibility that a flame may occur upstream of the flame arrester in the direction of flow of the combustible fluid, the speed reduction mechanism should be positioned upstream of the flame arrester in the direction of flow of the combustible fluid. Although it is preferable to provide it, it may be provided on the downstream side in the flow direction. In addition, if there is a possibility that a flame may occur downstream of the flame arrestor in the direction of flow of the combustible fluid, the speed reduction mechanism should be positioned downstream of the flame arrester in the direction of flow of the combustible fluid. Although it is preferable to provide it, it may be provided on the upstream side in the flow direction. In addition, if there is a possibility that flames may occur on both sides of the flame arrestor in the direction of flow of the combustible fluid, a pair of speed reduction mechanisms may be provided on both sides of the flame arrester in the direction of flow of the combustible fluid. Although preferred, the reduction mechanism may be provided either upstream or downstream.

When such a deceleration mechanism is provided on at least one side of the flame arrestor in the flow direction of the combustible fluid, the flame reaching the flame arrestor is decelerated. Therefore, even when the flame arrestor is miniaturized in the axial direction of the pipe, desired flame-extinguishing performance can be ensured while reducing pressure loss and ensuring flow rate. Furthermore, by providing such a speed reduction mechanism on at least one side of the flame arrester in the flow direction of the combustible fluid, the flame is slowed down and the flame arrester can be made to have a structure with less pressure loss. In this case as well, the desired flame-out performance can be ensured while reducing the pressure loss (ensuring the flow rate). Therefore, by providing the speed reduction mechanism on at least one side of the flame arrester in the flow direction of the combustible fluid, it is possible to achieve both desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduction in pressure loss (ensure flow rate). .

Moreover, it is preferable that the number of members constituting the reduction mechanism is four or more. If the number of members is 3 or less, it may be difficult to ensure desired flame-extinguishing performance. Therefore, it is preferable that the number of the members is four or more. According to this, it is possible to achieve both securing of desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduction of pressure loss (securing of flow rate).

Further, it is preferable that the number of members constituting the reduction mechanism is 30 or less. If the number of members is 31 or more, the manufacturing cost and assembly work cost may be increased, although a predetermined effect can be obtained. Therefore, the number of members is preferably 30 or less. According to this, it is possible to suppress an increase in manufacturing costs, assembly work costs, and the like.

Further, in the speed reduction mechanism of the present invention, it is preferable that the angles formed by the non-parallel surfaces and the axis are substantially equal. According to such a configuration, the flame propagating through the pipe is decelerated by repeating the wraparound phenomenon.

Further, in the speed reduction mechanism of the present invention, it is preferable that the non-parallel plane and the axis form an angle of approximately 90 degrees. According to such a configuration, the volume of the space having the non-parallel surfaces as the constituent surfaces can be made sufficiently large, so that the flame propagating in the pipe is sufficiently decelerated.

Further, the speed reduction mechanism of the present invention has a plurality of space forming portions that are provided eccentrically, the adjacent space forming portions communicate with each other, and the non-parallel surfaces are provided at the boundaries between the space forming portions. is preferred. According to such a configuration, the flame propagating through the piping is decelerated.

On the other hand, a flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism according to the present invention includes the speed reduction mechanism and a flame arrester for extinguishing flame propagating in the pipe.

According to the present invention as described above, the flame propagating in the pipe is decelerated by providing the deceleration mechanism for decelerating the flame propagating in the pipe. Therefore, even when the flame arrestor is miniaturized in the axial direction of the pipe, desired flame-extinguishing performance can be ensured while reducing pressure loss. Therefore, by providing the speed reduction mechanism on at least the side of the flame arrestor in the flow direction of the combustible fluid, it is possible to achieve both desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduction in pressure loss (ensure flow rate).

Further, in the flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism of the present invention, it is preferable that the speed reduction mechanisms are provided on both sides of the flame arrester in a direction in which combustible fluid flows. According to such a configuration, it is possible to sufficiently achieve both securing of desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduction of pressure loss (securing of flow rate).

According to the speed reduction mechanism and the flame arrester with the speed reduction mechanism of the present invention, it is possible to ensure both desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduction in pressure loss (ensuring flow rate).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows the flame arrester with a reduction mechanism which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the speed reduction mechanism according to the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the speed reduction mechanism according to the first embodiment; It is a graph which shows the experimental result for confirming the effect of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 1; It is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the speed reduction mechanism. It is a top view which shows the modification of the said reduction mechanism. It is a sectional view showing other modifications of the speed reduction mechanism. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another modification of the speed reduction mechanism; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another modification of the speed reduction mechanism; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention; It is a cross-sectional view showing a speed reduction mechanism according to the second embodiment. It is a top view which shows the speed reduction mechanism which concerns on the said 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 8; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a speed reduction mechanism according to a third embodiment of the invention; It is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the speed reduction mechanism. It is a sectional view showing other modifications of the speed reduction mechanism. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another modification of the speed reduction mechanism; FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a speed reduction mechanism according to the fourth embodiment; It is a top view which shows the speed reduction mechanism which concerns on the said 4th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the speed reduction mechanism. It is a top view which shows the modification of the said reduction mechanism. It is a sectional view showing other modifications of the speed reduction mechanism. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another modification of the speed reduction mechanism;

(First embodiment)
A flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, a flame arrester 1 with a speed reduction mechanism according to the present embodiment includes a pipe 2 through which combustible gas (flammable fluid) flows, a flame arrestor 3 communicating with the pipe 2, and a flame arrester 3. and a ring-shaped gasket 6 interposed between the pipe 2 , the flame arrestor 3 , and the speed reduction mechanism 4 . The flame arrestor 3 is a mechanism for extinguishing the flame propagating in the flame propagation direction F2 by flowing back to the flow of the combustible gas in the pipe 2 when ignition occurs in the pipe 2 for some reason. The mechanism 4 is a mechanism for decelerating the flame propagating inside the pipe 2 . FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a flame arrester 1 with a reduction mechanism according to a first embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 1, hatching indicating cross sections of the pipe 2 and the flame arrestor 3 is omitted.

The pipe 2 includes a pair of bodies 20 and 21 and a fixing member 7 that fixes the pair of bodies 20 and 21 . A pair of bodies 20 and 21 are spaced apart in the axial direction, and are fixed by a fixing member 7 while supporting the flame arrestor 3 and the speed reduction mechanism 4 therebetween. Of the pair of bodies 20 and 21, one positioned upstream in the fluid flow direction F1 is referred to as "upstream body 20", and the other positioned downstream is referred to as "downstream body 21".

The upstream body 20 integrally includes a tubular upstream body main body 22 and an upstream flange 23 located downstream of the upstream body main body 22 in the flow direction. The upstream body main body 22 is configured such that the outside and the inside communicate with both sides in the axial direction of the upstream body main body 22, and the inner diameter increases from upstream to downstream in the flow direction. is formed in

A pair of upstream bolt holes 24 for inserting bolts 71 constituting the fixing member 7 are formed in the upstream flange 23 . The pair of upstream bolt holes 24 are spaced apart in the radial direction of the upstream flange 23 (perpendicular to the axis). Each upstream bolt hole 24 and a later-described downstream bolt hole 25 of the downstream body 21 are located apart from each other in the axial direction. The bolt 71 of member 7 is inserted. The upstream flange 23 has an orthogonal surface 23A perpendicular to the axis of the upstream body 20 on the downstream side in the flow direction. A flame-extinguishing element frame 31 of the flame arrestor 3 is in contact with the orthogonal surface 23A with a gasket 6 interposed therebetween.

The downstream body 21 integrally includes a tubular downstream body main body 26 and a downstream flange 27 located upstream of the downstream body main body 26 in the flow direction. The downstream body main body 26 is configured such that the outside and the inside communicate with both sides in the axial direction of the downstream body main body 26, and from the upstream end in the flow direction to the downstream end, It is formed such that the inner diameter dimension φ4 is substantially constant. A pair of downstream bolt holes 25 , 25 for inserting bolts 71 constituting the fixing member 7 are formed in the downstream flange 27 . The pair of downstream bolt holes 25 , 25 are spaced apart in the radial direction of the downstream flange 27 (perpendicular to the axis). Further, the downstream flange 27 has an orthogonal surface 27A orthogonal to the axis of the downstream body 21 on the upstream side in the flow direction. A speed reduction mechanism frame 41 of the speed reduction mechanism 4 is in contact with the orthogonal surface 27A with a gasket 6 interposed therebetween.

The fixing member 7 includes a pair of bolts 71 and a pair of nuts 72 , 72 screwed onto both ends of each bolt 71 . The bolt 71 is inserted into the upstream side bolt hole 24 and the downstream side bolt hole 25 in the assembly state of the flame arrester 1 with a speed reduction mechanism, and each nut 72 is screwed to both ends thereof. Thus, by the bolt 71 and the pair of nuts 72, 72,
The upstream body 20, the flame arrestor 3, the reduction mechanism 4, and the downstream body 21 are arranged in the order of the upstream body 20, the flame arrestor 3, the reduction mechanism 4, and the downstream body 21 from the upstream side in the flow direction. fixed coaxially.

The flame arrestor 3 is for subdividing the flame to absorb heat and extinguish the flame, and is composed of a permeable flame extinguishing element. In this embodiment, as the flame arrestor 3, a flame-extinguishing element 30 having a crimped ribbon (corrugated plate) structure is used. In this embodiment, the flame-extinguishing element 30 having a crimped ribbon (corrugated plate) structure is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. The flame arrester may have any shape and structure as long as it has a flame-extinguishing element for subdividing a flame to absorb heat and extinguish the flame.

The flame arrestor 3 includes a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30, a cylindrical flame-extinguishing element frame 31 for accommodating the two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30, and the flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30. and a flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 for positioning. In this embodiment, the flame arrestor 3 is configured with two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30, but the present invention is not limited to this. The flame arrestor may be configured with one or more extinguishing elements 30 .

The two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 are configured to have substantially the same configuration and substantially the same function. Each flame-extinguishing element 30 has an uneven shape in the plate thickness direction, and is formed by spirally winding a sheet metal in which the uneven shapes are arranged side by side in the plate extension direction. It is provided in the shape of a disk having thickness. Each flame extinguishing element 30 is provided so that the outside and the inside in the axial direction communicate with each other so that the combustible gas can pass in the axial direction of the pipe 2, and is provided coaxially with the central axis P of the pipe 2. there is

The flame-extinguishing element frame 31 is configured in a cylindrical shape having openings at both ends in the axial direction so that the outside and the inside communicate with each other in the axial direction of the pipe 2 .

The flame-extinguishing element frame 31 includes a first flame-extinguishing space 33 having a first inner diameter φ2 smaller than the inner diameter φ1 of the downstream opening 20a of the upstream body 20, and an outer diameter of the flame-extinguishing element 30 larger than the first inner diameter φ2. A second flame-extinguishing space 34 having a second inner diameter φ3 substantially equal to the size of the flame-extinguishing space 34, and a third inner diameter φ5 larger than the second inner diameter φ3 and substantially equal to the outer diameter of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 of the speed reduction mechanism 4. and an extinguishing space 35. The flame-extinguishing element frame 31 is provided with a first flame-extinguishing space 33, a second flame-extinguishing space 34, and a third flame-extinguishing space 35 in this order from the upstream side in the flow direction.

The second extinguishing space 34 is configured to accommodate two extinguishing elements 30 and 30 and an extinguishing element spacer 32 . Further, the axial dimension of the second flame-extinguishing space 34 is such that a gap is formed between it and the third flame-extinguishing space 35 in a state in which the two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 and the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 are accommodated. is formed in In addition, a flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 can be screwed onto the peripheral surface of the second flame-extinguishing space 34 from a position spaced from the upstream end by an axial dimension corresponding to two flame-extinguishing elements to the downstream end. thread is cut.

The third extinguishing space 35 is configured to accommodate the gasket 6 and an upstream opening 41A of a speed reduction mechanism frame 41 (to be described later) of the speed reduction mechanism 4 .

The flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 is provided in a disc shape having a thickness in the axial direction of the pipe 2 . The flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 is provided so that the outside and the inside in the axial direction communicate with each other so that the combustible gas can pass through in the axial direction of the pipe 2 . In addition, the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 is configured to be screwed into the threaded portion of the peripheral surface of the second flame-extinguishing space 34 of the flame-extinguishing element frame 31 . The flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 is screwed into the threaded portion on the peripheral surface of the second flame-extinguishing space 34 in a state where the two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 are accommodated in the second flame-extinguishing space 34 of the flame-extinguishing element frame 31. are combined. The flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 fixes the two flame-extinguishing elements 30 , 30 at predetermined positions in the second flame-extinguishing space 34 . When the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 is screwed to the peripheral surface of the second flame-extinguishing space 34, the space between the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 and the third flame-extinguishing space 35 in the axial direction is a space in which no member is accommodated. .

In the present embodiment, the axial dimension of the second flame-extinguishing space 34 is determined by any member between the third flame-extinguishing space 35 and the two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 and the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 accommodated therein. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The axial dimension of the second flame-extinguishing space 34 is formed so that a space S is not formed between the second flame-extinguishing space 35 and the third flame-extinguishing space 35 in a state in which the two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 and the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 are accommodated. may have been That is, the axial dimension of the second extinguishing space 34 may be formed to be approximately the same as the axial dimension of the two extinguishing elements 30 and 30 and the extinguishing element spacer 32 .

In such a flame arrestor 3, two flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 are inserted into the second flame-extinguishing space 34 through the third flame-extinguishing space 35 from the downstream opening 31B of the flame-extinguishing element frame 31, and the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 is screwed into the threaded portion on the peripheral surface of the second extinguishing space 34 . The flame arrestor 3 is assembled in this way. In the assembled flame arrestor 3, the upstream opening 31A of the flame-extinguishing element frame 31 abuts against the perpendicular surface 23A of the upstream flange 23 of the upstream body 20 with the gasket 6 interposed therebetween. Thus, it is supported by the upstream body 20, and the downstream opening 31B of the quenching element frame 31 is connected to the third quenching space 35 by the gasket 6 and the upstream opening of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 of the speed reduction mechanism 4 in the flow direction. By inserting 41A, it is supported by the reduction mechanism 4 . While the flame arrestor 3 is supported between the upstream body 20 and the reduction mechanism 4, the flame-extinguishing element 30, the flame-extinguishing element frame 31, and the flame-extinguishing element spacer 32 are fixed coaxially with the central axis P of the pipe 2. ing.

In this embodiment, the two extinguishing elements 30, 30 and the extinguishing element spacer 32 are fixed to the extinguishing element frame 31 by directly screwing the extinguishing element spacer 32 to the extinguishing element frame 31. Although established, the present invention is not limited to this. The two extinguishing elements 30, 30, the extinguishing element spacer 32, and the extinguishing element frame 31 may be fixed using, for example, fixing members such as bolts, or another known fixing method may be used. may be used. Furthermore, the flame arrestor 3 and the speed reduction mechanism 4 are sandwiched between the upstream flange 23 of the upstream body 20 and the downstream flange 27 of the downstream body 21 with the flame arrestor 3 and the speed reduction mechanism 4 in close contact with each other via a gasket, and are tightened with a pair of bolts 71 . Thus, the flame-extinguishing elements 30, 30 may be fixed.

As shown in FIG. 1, the speed reduction mechanism 4 includes a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) orifice members 15 (members), a cylindrical speed reduction mechanism frame 41 for accommodating the four orifice members 15, 4 and an orifice spacer 42 for positioning each orifice member 15 . The speed reduction mechanism 4 is provided at a position adjacent to the downstream side of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the speed reduction mechanism 4 is configured with four orifice members 15, but the present invention is not limited to this. The speed reduction mechanism may be configured with two or more orifice members (members).

As shown in FIG. 1, the four orifice members 15 are configured to have substantially the same configuration and substantially the same function. The four orifice members 15 are configured separately from each other before assembly. Each orifice member 15 is provided in a disc shape having a thickness in the axial direction. Each orifice member 15 is provided so that the outside and the inside in the axial direction of each orifice member 15 communicate with each other so that the combustible gas can pass through in the axial direction, and the orifice member 15 is provided coaxially with the central axis P of the pipe 2. It is

Each orifice member 15, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, has an outer peripheral surface 5A that is a cylindrical surface that contacts the peripheral surface forming the first reduction space 43 in the reduction mechanism frame 41, and has an outer diameter of φ6 ( 2B). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, each orifice member 15 has a first orifice space 50A for passing combustible gas, and a flow direction downstream side of the first orifice space 50A. and a second orifice space 150B provided and continuous with the first orifice space 50A. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the axial dimension L1 of the first orifice space 50A and the axial dimension L2 of the second orifice space 150B are formed to be approximately the same dimension. Axial dimensions L1 and L2 are formed to be approximately 30 mm. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the first orifice space 50A is formed so that the inner diameter dimension φ7 is approximately 150 mm. Also, the volume of the first orifice space 50A is formed to be larger than the volume of the second orifice space 150B. In the assembled state, the four orifice members 15 are arranged side by side so that the first orifice spaces 50A and the second orifice spaces 150B are alternately repeated from above in the flow direction.

Such an orifice member 15 constitutes a part of the inner surface 40 (orifice inner surface 4A) through which the combustible gas passes in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2A, the orifice inner surface 4A is located on the boundary between the first orifice space 50A and the second orifice space 150B and is perpendicular to the axis. Located in the penetration region T formed at a position surrounded by the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D extending parallel to the axis from the outer edge b and the inner edge a of the orthogonal surface 5C between the orthogonal surfaces 5B and 5C, parallel to the axis Each through hole 150 extends, and these are continuous from the upper side in the flow direction in the order of the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D, the orthogonal surface 5C, the through portion 5E, and the orthogonal surface 5B, and are repeated. It is configured by being provided. In each orifice member 15, the first orifice space 50A is a space located inside the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D, and the second orifice space 150B is a space located inside the through portion 5E. The second orifice space 150B is composed of a plurality of (37) through holes 150 formed in the through portion 5E. Below, a region of the penetrating portion 5E viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis P (axis) is referred to as a penetrating region T. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the penetrating region T is formed in a circular shape as indicated by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 2B. The diameter dimension φ8 of the penetrating portion 5E (penetrating region T) is formed to be approximately 20 mm. 2B, each through hole 150 is formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the orifice member 15 has a circular shape. Further, in this embodiment, each through hole 150 is formed so that the inner diameter dimension φ10 is about 2 mm. 37 through holes 150 are formed in the through portion 5E (through region T).

Also, in the present embodiment, each through-hole 150 is formed so that the inner diameter dimension φ10 is approximately 2 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this. The inner diameter dimension φ10 of each through hole 150 may be 2 mm or less. Moreover, it is sufficient that the inner diameter dimension φ10 of each through-hole 150 is 1 mm or more. Also, each through hole 150 may have an inner diameter dimension φ10 of 2 mm or more. Further, each through-hole 150 may have an inner diameter dimension φ10 of 5 mm or more, or may be 8 mm or more. The inner diameter dimension φ10 of each through-hole 150 should be 10 mm or less.

The orthogonal plane 5</b>C of each orifice member 15 is provided substantially orthogonal to the central axis P of the orifice member 15 . That is, the orthogonal plane 5</b>C of each orifice member 15 is a plane (plane) that is not parallel to the central axis P of the orifice member 15 . The upstream inner peripheral surface 5D of each orifice member 15 is configured to have a cylindrical surface having the central axis P of the orifice member 15 as an axis. The upstream inner peripheral surface 5</b>D of each orifice member 15 is composed of a surface (curved surface) parallel to the central axis P of the orifice member 15 . 1 and 2B, the diameter φ8 (shown in FIG. 2B) of the through portion 5E of each orifice member 15 and the inner diameter φ4 (shown in FIG. 1) of the downstream body 21 are substantially equal. dimensionally formed. In the present embodiment, the "surface (curved surface) parallel to the central axis P" means a surface that is approximately the same distance from the central axis P at any position in the axial direction of the surface. A plane (plane) that is not parallel to the central axis P is a plane that has a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis P. As shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the inner diameter φ7 (shown in FIG. 2B) of the first orifice space 50A is defined to be approximately 150 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this. The inner diameter dimension φ7 may be 100 mm or less. The inner diameter dimension φ7 may be approximately 100 mm or less, or may be 80 mm or less. Moreover, the inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A should be 60 mm or more. Also, the inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A may be 100 mm or more. The inner diameter dimension φ7 may be 100 mm or more, or may be 200 mm or more. The inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A should be approximately 300 mm or less.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, the axial dimensions L1 and L2 of each orifice member 15 are defined to be about 30 mm, but the invention is not limited to this. The axial dimensions L1 and L2 may be 30 mm or less. The axial dimensions L1 and L2 may be 20 mm or less, 10 mm or less, or 5 mm or less. Axial dimensions L1 and L2 of each orifice member 15 may be approximately 2 mm or more.

As shown in FIG. 1, the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 has a cylindrical shape having openings 41A and 41B at both ends in the axial direction so that the outside and the inside of the upstream body 20 and the downstream body 21 communicate with each other in the axial direction. It is configured. Of the openings 41A and 41B of the reduction mechanism frame 41, one located upstream in the fluid flow direction F1 is referred to as "upstream opening 41A", and the other located downstream is referred to as "downstream opening 41B". and write down.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 includes a first speed reduction space 43 having an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter φ6 (shown in FIG. 2B) of each orifice member 15, and a first speed reduction space 43. and a second deceleration space 44 having a fifth inner diameter φ9 smaller than the inner diameter of . The first deceleration space 43 is provided upstream of the second deceleration space 44 in the flow direction. An inner peripheral surface 44A forming the second deceleration space 44 is formed of a curved surface parallel to the central axis P of each orifice member 15. As shown in FIG. The inner peripheral surface 44A constituting the second speed reduction space 44 and the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D of each orifice member 15 extend from the central axis P of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 and each orifice member 15 to each of the inner peripheral surfaces 44A and 5D. are formed so that the distance D1 between them is substantially equal.

The first deceleration space 43 is configured to accommodate the four orifice members 15 and the orifice spacer 42 . Further, the axial dimension of the first speed reduction space 43 is such that a gap is formed between the upstream opening 41A of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 and the four orifice members 15 and the orifice spacer 42 are accommodated therein. are formed to suitable dimensions. In addition, the orifice spacer 42 can be screwed from the position separated from the downstream opening 41B by the shaft dimension of four orifice members 15 to the upstream opening 41A on the peripheral surface of the first reduction space 43. It is threaded like

The orifice spacer 42 is provided in a disc shape having a thickness in the axial direction of the pipe 2, as shown in FIG. The orifice spacer 42 is provided so that the outside and the inside in the axial direction communicate with each other so that the combustible gas can pass through in the axial direction of the pipe 2 .

The orifice spacer 42 has an upstream orthogonal surface 42A and a downstream orthogonal surface 42C that face each other, and an inner peripheral surface 42B that is continuous with the inner edges of the upstream orthogonal surface 42A and the downstream orthogonal surface 42C. It is The upstream orthogonal surface 42A and the downstream orthogonal surface 42C are provided perpendicular to the axis of the orifice spacer 42, and the inner peripheral surface 42B is provided parallel to the axis. The distance (dimension) D2 from the central axis P of the orifice spacer 42 to the inner peripheral surface 42B and the diameter dimension φ8 of the penetrating portion 5E (penetrating region T) of each orifice member 15 are formed to be approximately equal. there is

Such an orifice spacer 42 is configured to be screwed into a threaded portion of the peripheral surface of the first speed reduction space 43 of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 . The orifice spacer 42 is screwed into the threaded portion on the peripheral surface of the first reduction space 43 of the reduction mechanism frame 41 in a state in which the four orifice members 15 are housed in the first reduction space 43 . there is The orifice spacer 42 fixes the four orifice members 15 at predetermined positions in the first reduction space 43 .

1, the orifice spacer 42 constitutes part of the inner surface 40 (spacer inner surface 4B) through which the combustible gas passes in the speed reduction mechanism 4 in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. The spacer inner surface 4B is composed of a downstream orthogonal surface 42C that is continuous with the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D of the orifice member 52 (15) located on the most upstream side in the assembled state, and an inner edge of the downstream orthogonal surface 42C extending parallel to the axis. It is configured to have an extending inner peripheral surface 42B and an upstream perpendicular surface 42A that is continuous with the upper edge of the inner peripheral surface 42B and orthogonal to the axis.

In such a speed reduction mechanism 4, four orifice members 15 are inserted into the first speed reduction space 43 from the upstream opening 41A of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41, and the orifice spacer 42 is inserted into the first speed reduction space 43 in this state. Screw on the circumference. Thus, the four orifice members 15 and the orifice spacer 42 are fixed to the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 .

In this embodiment, the four orifice members 15 and the orifice spacer 42 are fixed to the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 by directly screwing the orifice spacer 42 onto the speed reduction mechanism frame 41. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The fixing of the four orifice members 15 and the orifice spacer 42 to the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 may be achieved by using fixing members such as bolts, for example, or by using another known fixing method. may Furthermore, the flame arrestor 3 and the speed reduction mechanism 4 are sandwiched between the upstream flange 23 of the upstream body 20 and the downstream flange 27 of the downstream body 21 with the flame arrestor 3 and the speed reduction mechanism 4 in close contact with each other via a gasket, and are tightened with a pair of bolts 71 . Thus, the orifice member 15 may be fixed.

In a state where the orifice spacer 42 is screwed onto the peripheral surface of the first reduction gear space 43, there is a space in which no member is housed between the screwing position of the orifice spacer 42 and the upstream opening 41A of the reduction mechanism frame 41. It has become. That is, when the speed reduction mechanism 4 is assembled, the space between the screwing position of the orifice spacer 42 and the upstream opening 41A of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 is the peripheral surface of the first speed reduction space 43 of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41. 43A on the upstream side. This upstream part 43A is continuous with the upstream orthogonal surface 42A of the orifice spacer 42 and constitutes part of the inner surface 40 of the speed reduction mechanism 4 .

In this embodiment, the upstream part 43A of the peripheral surface of the first speed reduction space 43 of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 is provided with a space that does not accommodate any members, but the present invention is limited to this. not to be The space on the upstream side part 43A of the peripheral surface of the first speed reduction space 43 of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 may be omitted. That is, the axial dimension of the first deceleration space 43 may be formed to be approximately equal to the axial dimensions of the four orifice members 15 and the orifice spacer 42 .

Further, in a state in which the orifice spacer 42 is screwed onto the peripheral surface of the first reduction gear space 43, the space between the orifice member 51 (15) located on the most downstream side and the downstream opening 41B of the reduction mechanism frame 41 is: It is a space (second deceleration space 44) in which no member is accommodated. That is, the second deceleration space 44 is composed of the inner peripheral surface 44A that constitutes the space 44 . The inner peripheral surface 44A is continuous with the orthogonal surface 5B of the orifice member 51 located on the most downstream side, and constitutes a part of the inner surface 40 of the speed reduction mechanism.

In this way, the speed reduction mechanism 4 having the inner surface 40 having the part 43A of the peripheral surface of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41, the spacer inner surface 4B, the orifice inner surface 4A, and the inner peripheral surface 44A of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 is assembled.

In the assembled state of the speed reduction mechanism 4, the orthogonal surfaces 5B and 5C of each orifice member 15 and the downstream orthogonal surface 42C of the orifice spacer 42 function as "non-parallel surfaces". Hereinafter, the orthogonal surfaces 5B and 5C of the orifice members 15 and the downstream orthogonal surface 42C of the orifice spacer 42 may be collectively referred to as "non-parallel surfaces".

Next, a procedure for assembling the flame arrester 1 with a reduction mechanism will be described.

The flame arrestor 3 and the speed reduction mechanism 4 are each assembled in advance. The flame arrestor 3 brings the upstream opening 31A of the flame-extinguishing element frame 31 into contact with the perpendicular surface 23A of the upstream flange 23 of the upstream body 20 with the gasket 6 interposed therebetween. 31B is inserted into the third extinguishing space 35. Further, the speed reduction mechanism 4 brings the downstream opening 41B of the speed reduction mechanism frame 41 into contact with the orthogonal surface 27A of the downstream flange 27 of the downstream body 21 with the gasket 6 interposed therebetween. In this state, bolts 71 are inserted into the bolt holes 24 and 25 of the upstream body 20 and the downstream body 21 , and nuts 72 are screwed onto both ends of the bolts 71 . In this way, the flame arrester with a reduction mechanism 1 in which the piping 2, the flame arrester 3, and the reduction mechanism 4, which are composed of the upstream body 20 and the downstream body 21, are provided coaxially with the central axis P of the piping 2 is assembled.

According to the flame arrester 1 with such a reduction mechanism, it has a plurality of orifice members 15 (members) that communicate with each other in the axial direction of the pipe 2 and is configured in a cylindrical shape. has at least one non-parallel surface 5B, 5C, 42C non-parallel to the axis, and the non-parallel surfaces 5B, 5C, 42C are provided side by side in the axial direction. According to such a configuration, the number of members can be changed according to the required performance. Therefore, it can be highly versatile.

Further, when a flame occurs in the pipe 2, the flame flows forward or backward in the flow direction F1 of the fluid. It wraps around in the direction away from the central axis P along the surface extending direction of 42C (the radial direction of the pipe 2). Since the non-parallel surfaces 5B, 5C, and 42C are arranged side by side in the axial direction, the phenomenon that the flame wraps around in the direction away from the central axis P is repeated. In this way, the flame propagating through the pipe 2 is decelerated by repeating the wraparound phenomenon. By providing the deceleration mechanism 4 for decelerating the flame propagating in the pipe 2 in this manner, the flame reaching the flame arrestor 3 can be is slowed down. Therefore, even when the flame arrestor 3 is miniaturized in the axial direction of the pipe 2, desired flame-extinguishing performance can be ensured while reducing the pressure loss and ensuring the flow rate. Furthermore, by providing such a speed reduction mechanism 4 on at least one side of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction F1 of the combustible fluid, the size of the flame arrestor 3 can be reduced in the radial direction of the pipe 2. In this case, Also in , desired flame-out performance can be ensured while reducing pressure loss and ensuring flow rate. Therefore, by providing the speed reduction mechanism 4 on at least one side of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction F1 of the combustible fluid, it is possible to ensure desired flame-extinguishing performance and reduce pressure loss (ensure flow rate). be able to.

Further, the first orifice space 50A and the second orifice space 150B are alternately provided to communicate in the axial direction of the pipe 2, the first orifice space 50A having one opening and the second orifice space 150B being narrower than the opening. A plurality of (37) through-holes 150 are formed in the through-hole area T. As shown in FIG. According to such a configuration, the first orifice space 50A having a large volume including one opening while including the non-parallel surfaces 5B and 5C and the volume configured with a plurality of (37) through-holes 150 are Small second orifice spaces 150B are alternately formed continuously in the axial direction. As a result, the flame propagating in the pipe 2 repeatedly passes through large and small spaces. Therefore, the flame propagation speed of the flame propagating in the pipe 2 can be sufficiently reduced.

Next, the inventors of the present invention found an appropriate range for the number of orifice members (members) as a result of numerous experiments and simulations. That is, it is preferable that the number of orifice members 15 (members) constituting the speed reduction mechanism 4 is four or more. If the number of orifice members 15 is three or less, it may be difficult to ensure desired flame-extinguishing performance. Therefore, the number of orifice members 15 (members) is preferably four or more, more preferably seven or more.

Further, the number of orifice members 15 (members) constituting the reduction mechanism 4 is preferably 30 or less. If the number of orifice members 15 (members) is 31 or more, the manufacturing cost and assembly work cost may be increased, although a predetermined effect can be obtained. Therefore, the number of orifice members 15 (members) is preferably 30 or less, more preferably 15 or less.

Further, in the speed reduction mechanism 4 of the present embodiment, the non-parallel surfaces 5B, 5C and 42C are arranged such that the angles formed by the non-parallel surfaces 5B, 5C and 42C and the central axis P (axis) are approximately equal. is formed in According to such a configuration, the flame propagating through the pipe 2 can be decelerated by repeating the wraparound phenomenon.

Further, in the speed reduction mechanism 4 of the present embodiment, the angles formed by the non-parallel surfaces 5B, 5C, 42C and the central axis P (axis) are formed to be approximately 90 degrees. With such a configuration, the volume of the space formed by the non-parallel surfaces 5B, 5C, and 42C can be made sufficiently large, so that the flame propagating in the pipe 2 can be sufficiently decelerated. can be done.

Some of the many experiments and simulations conducted by the inventors of the present invention are described below. In the flame arrester 1 with a reduction mechanism of the present embodiment, the inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A is appropriately set within the range of 30 to 60 mm, the diameter dimension φ8 of the through portion 5E is set to 20 mm, and each orifice The axial dimension L1 of the member 15 was appropriately set in the range of 7 to 42 mm, each through hole 150 had a diameter of 2 mm, and 37 through holes 150 were formed in the through portion 5E.

The number of orifice members 15 constituting the deceleration mechanism 4 was appropriately set in the range of 1 to 15, and the flame propagation speed was measured. The results are shown in FIG. The number (n) of orifice members 15 was set to each number from 1 to 15, and each number was obtained three times. Only when the number (n) of the orifice members 15 was 5, 10, and 15, five measurements were taken.

In FIG. 3, the vertical axis is the flame velocity [m/s], and the horizontal axis is the number of orifice members (Number of Orifice: n). The inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A is set to 60 mm, the axial dimension L1 of each orifice member 15 is set to 14 mm, the diameter dimension φ8 of the through portion 5E is set to 20 mm, and the opening at the through portion 5E When the ratio was set to 37%, it was observed that the flame propagation speed slowed down. Further, it was confirmed that the flame propagation speed was reduced when the aperture ratio of the through portion 5E was set to 58%.

It was confirmed that when the number of orifice members 15 constituting the reduction mechanism 4 was two or more, the flame propagation speed was reduced. Moreover, it was confirmed that the effect becomes more stable when the number is 4 or more, and a higher effect is obtained when the number is 7 or more. Furthermore, when the number of orifice members 15 was 8 or more, it was confirmed that the flame propagation speed further decreased as the number of orifice members 15 increased.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes other configurations and the like that can achieve the object of the present invention, and the following modifications are also included in the present invention.

Further, in the above-described first embodiment, when the speed reduction mechanism 4 is assembled, the four orifice members 15 alternately form the first orifice space 50A and the second orifice space 150B from above in the flow direction. , but the present invention is not limited to this. The speed reduction mechanism 4 is arranged in the axial direction so that the four orifice members 15 are arranged so that the second orifice spaces 150B and the first orifice spaces 50A are alternately arranged from above in the flow direction. One end and the other end may be reversed and used.

Further, in the first embodiment described above, the speed reduction mechanism 4 is provided at a position adjacent to the downstream side of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. The reduction mechanism 4 may be provided adjacent to the flame arrestor 3 on both sides of the flame arrestor 3, as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a flame arrester 10 with a reduction mechanism includes a pipe 2 through which a combustible gas (flammable fluid) flows, a flame arrestor 3 communicating with the pipe 2, It comprises a pair of speed reduction mechanisms 4, 4 provided in communication with the flame arrestor 3, and a ring-shaped gasket 6 interposed between the pipe 2, the flame arrestor 3, and the speed reduction mechanism 4. may Further, the speed reduction mechanism 4 may be provided downstream of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction. Also, the speed reduction mechanism 4 and the flame arrestor 3 do not have to be located adjacent to each other. That is, another member may be provided between the speed reduction mechanism 4 and the flame arrestor 3 . FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a modification of the flame arrester 1 with a reduction mechanism shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, members having substantially the same functions and structures as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. According to such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss while sufficiently ensuring the desired flame-extinguishing performance.

In addition, in each orifice member 15', the first orifice space 50A is a space located inside the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D, and the second orifice space 150B is a space located inside the through portion 5E'. Alternatively, the penetrating portion 5E' may be formed in a regular hexagonal shape as indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 5B. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing modifications of the speed reduction mechanism 4 shown in FIG. In addition, in FIGS. 5A and 5B, members having substantially the same function and substantially the same configuration as those of the embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. According to this, substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Moreover, in the first embodiment described above, each through hole 150 is formed so that the cross section orthogonal to the axis of the orifice member 15 is circular, but the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, each through hole 250B formed in the through portion 5E'' is formed so that the cross section orthogonal to the axis of the orifice member 15'' has a regular hexagonal shape (regular polygonal shape). may have been Alternatively, each through hole may have a polygonal, elliptical or irregular cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the orifice member. At this time, the equivalent circle diameter of each through hole may be formed to be substantially equal to the inner diameter dimension φ10 of each through hole 150 . According to this, substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

In addition, in the first embodiment, the orifice member 15 in the assembled state is continuous in the order of the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D, the orthogonal surface 5C, the through portion 5E, and the orthogonal surface 5B from the upper side in the flow direction, and is repeated. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 7, the orifice member 105 in the assembled state is continuous from the upstream side in the flow direction in the order of the upstream inner peripheral surface 105E (non-parallel surface), the through portion 105F, and the orthogonal surface 105C (non-parallel surface). It may be configured by being provided repeatedly. A boundary m between the upstream inner peripheral surface 105E of each orifice member 105 and the penetrating portion 105F is located in the middle of each orifice member 105 in the axial direction. The upstream inner peripheral surface 105E is configured to have an inclination such that the diameter dimension gradually decreases toward the downstream side in the fluid flow direction F1. Each through hole 350 of the through portion 105</b>F extends parallel to the central axis P of the pipe 2 .

Further, in each orifice member 105, the first orifice space 350A is a space located inside the upstream inner peripheral surface 105E, and the second orifice space 350B is a space located inside the through portion 105F. The through portion 105</b>F may be configured to have a plurality of through holes 350 . Further, each through hole 350 may be formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the orifice member 105 is circular. According to this, substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a speed reduction mechanism according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8, 9A, and 9B. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing the speed reduction mechanism 14, and FIG. 9B is a plan view of FIG. 9A. 8, 9A, and 9B, members having substantially the same functions and structures as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

A speed reduction mechanism 14 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. It comprises a mechanism frame 41 and an orifice spacer 42 for positioning four orifice members 5 . The speed reduction mechanism 14 is provided at a position adjacent to the downstream side of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the speed reduction mechanism 14 is configured with four orifice members 5, but the present invention is not limited to this. The speed reduction mechanism may be configured with one or more orifice members (members).

As shown in FIG. 8, the four orifice members 5 are configured to have substantially the same configuration and substantially the same function. The four orifice members 5 are configured separately from each other before assembly. Each orifice member 5 is provided in a disc shape having a thickness in the axial direction. Each orifice member 5 is provided so that the outside and the inside in the axial direction of each orifice member 5 communicate with each other so that the combustible gas can pass through in the axial direction, and the orifice member 5 is provided coaxially with the central axis P of the pipe 2. It is

Each orifice member 5, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, has an outer peripheral surface 5A that is a cylindrical surface that contacts the peripheral surface forming the first reduction space 43 in the reduction mechanism frame 41, and has an outer diameter dimension of φ6. It is formed in a disk shape with Further, as shown in FIG. 8, each orifice member 5 is provided with a first orifice space 50A for allowing combustible gas to pass therethrough, and on the downstream side of the first orifice space 50A in the flow direction. and a second orifice space 50B that is continuous with 50A. Further, in the present embodiment, the axial dimension L1 of the first orifice space 50A and the axial dimension L2 of the second orifice space 50B are formed to be approximately equal and approximately 30 mm. The inner diameter φ7 of the first orifice space 50A is approximately 150 mm, and the inner diameter φ8 of the second orifice space 50B is approximately 50 mm. That is, the volume of the first orifice space 50A is formed to be larger than the volume of the second orifice space 50B. In the assembled state, the four orifice members 5 are arranged side by side so that the first orifice spaces 50A and the second orifice spaces 50B are alternately repeated from the upper side in the flow direction.

Such an orifice member 5 constitutes a part of the inner surface 40 (orifice inner surface 4A) through which the combustible gas passes in the deceleration mechanism 14 in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. The orifice inner surface 4A includes a boundary surface 5C (non-parallel surface) located at the boundary between the first orifice space 50A and the second orifice space 50B, and an upstream inner circumference extending parallel to the axis from the outer edge b of the boundary surface 5C. A surface 5D, a downstream inner peripheral surface 5E extending parallel to the axis from the inner edge a of the boundary surface 5C, and an orthogonal surface 5B (non-parallel surface) continuous with the downstream inner peripheral surface 5E and orthogonal to the axis. , and these surfaces are continuous and repeatedly provided in the order of the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D, the boundary surface 5C, the downstream inner peripheral surface 5E, and the orthogonal surface 5B from the upper side in the flow direction. consists of In each orifice member 5, the first orifice space 50A is a space located inside the upstream inner peripheral surface 5D, and the second orifice space 50B is a space located inside the downstream inner peripheral surface 5E. be.

A boundary surface 5</b>C of each orifice member 5 is provided substantially perpendicular to the central axis P of the orifice member 5 . That is, the boundary surface 5</b>C of each orifice member 5 is a surface (plane) that is not parallel to the central axis P of the orifice member 5 . The upstream inner peripheral surface 5D and the downstream inner peripheral surface 5E of each orifice member 5 are each configured to have a cylindrical surface having the central axis P of the orifice member 5 as an axis. The upstream inner peripheral surface 5D and the downstream inner peripheral surface 5E of each orifice member 5 are formed of surfaces (curved surfaces) parallel to the central axis P of the orifice member 5, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9B, the inner diameter φ8 of the downstream inner peripheral surface 5E of each orifice member 5 (shown in FIG. 9B) and the inner diameter φ4 of the downstream body 21 (shown in FIG. 8) are , are formed to have approximately the same dimensions. In the present embodiment, the "surface (curved surface) parallel to the central axis P" means a surface that is approximately the same distance from the central axis P at any position in the axial direction of the surface. A plane (plane) that is not parallel to the central axis P is a plane that has a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis P. As shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A is defined to be about 150 mm, but the invention is not limited to this. The inner diameter dimension φ7 may be 100 mm or less. The inner diameter dimension φ7 may be approximately 100 mm or less, or may be 80 mm or less. Moreover, the inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A should be 60 mm or more. Also, the inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A may be 100 mm or more. The inner diameter dimension φ7 may be 100 mm or more, or may be 200 mm or more. The inner diameter dimension φ7 of the first orifice space 50A should be approximately 300 mm or less.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, the axial dimensions L1 and L2 of each orifice member 5 are defined to be about 30 mm, but the invention is not limited to this. The axial dimensions L1 and L2 may be 30 mm or less. The axial dimensions L1 and L2 may be 20 mm or less, 10 mm or less, or 5 mm or less. Axial dimensions L1 and L2 of each orifice member 5 may be approximately 2 mm or more.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes other configurations and the like that can achieve the object of the present invention, and the following modifications are also included in the present invention.

In the above-described second embodiment, when the speed reduction mechanism 14 is assembled, the four orifice members 5 are arranged such that the first orifice spaces 50A and the second orifice spaces 50B are alternately repeated from above in the flow direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The speed reduction mechanism 14 is arranged in the axial direction so that the four orifice members 5 are arranged so that the second orifice spaces 50B and the first orifice spaces 50A are alternately arranged from above in the flow direction. One end and the other end may be reversed and used.

Further, in the second embodiment described above, the speed reduction mechanism 14 is provided at a position adjacent to the downstream side of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. The reduction mechanism 14 may be provided adjacent to the flame arrestor 3 on both sides of the flame arrestor 3, as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, a flame arrester 10 with a reduction mechanism includes a pipe 2 through which a combustible gas (flammable fluid) flows, a flame arrestor 3 communicating with the pipe 2, and on both sides of the flame arrestor 3, It comprises a pair of reduction mechanisms 14, 14 provided in communication with the flame arrestor 3, and a ring-shaped gasket 6 interposed between the pipe 2, the flame arrestor 3, and the reduction mechanism 14. may Further, the speed reduction mechanism 14 may be provided downstream of the flame arrestor 3 in the flow direction. Also, the speed reduction mechanism 14 and the flame arrestor 3 may not be positioned adjacent to each other. That is, another member may be provided between the speed reduction mechanism 14 and the flame arrestor 3 . FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a modification of the flame arrester 1 with a reduction mechanism shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, members having substantially the same functions and structures as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. According to such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss while sufficiently ensuring the desired flame-extinguishing performance.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a speed reduction mechanism according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 11 . FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a speed reduction mechanism 104' according to a third embodiment of the invention. In addition, in FIG. 11, members having substantially the same function and substantially the same configuration as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The reduction mechanism 14 according to the second embodiment and the reduction mechanism 104' according to the third embodiment differ in the shape of each orifice member 5, 105'. Therefore, in the third embodiment, each orifice member 105' will be described.

In the third embodiment, the inner surface of the assembled orifice member 105' is, as shown in FIG. ', and the orthogonal plane 105C' (non-parallel plane) are continuous in this order and provided repeatedly. A boundary m between the upstream inner peripheral surface 105E' and the downstream inner peripheral surface 105F' of each orifice member 105' is located in the axial middle of each orifice member 105'. The upstream inner peripheral surface 105E' is configured to have an inclination such that the diameter dimension gradually decreases toward the downstream side in the fluid flow direction F1. The downstream inner peripheral surface 105</b>F′ extends parallel to the central axis P of the pipe 2 .

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 12, the inner surface of the orifice member 115 in the assembled state is continuous in the order of an inclined surface 115D (non-parallel surface) and an orthogonal surface 115C (non-parallel surface) from the upstream side in the flow direction. It may be configured by being provided repeatedly. In this case, the speed reduction mechanism 114 is configured such that the inclined surface 115D is inclined such that the diameter dimension gradually decreases toward the downstream in the flow direction, and the orthogonal surface 115C is orthogonal to the axis. may be provided. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the speed reduction mechanism according to the third embodiment of the invention. In addition, in FIG. 12, members having substantially the same function and substantially the same configuration as those of the embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 13, the inner surface of the orifice member 125 in the assembled state has, from the upstream side in the flow direction, an upstream inclined surface 125E (non-parallel surface), a downstream inclined surface 125F (non-parallel surface), While continuing in order, it may be comprised by being repeatedly provided. In this case, the upstream inclined surface 125E is configured to have an inclination such that the diameter gradually decreases toward the downstream in the fluid flow direction F1, and the downstream inclined surface 125F It may be configured to have an inclination such that the diameter dimension gradually increases toward the downstream in the flow direction F1. That is, in the orifice member 125, the speed reduction mechanism 124 has a peak at the boundary m at which the upstream inclined surface 125E and the downstream inclined surface 125F intersect. A boundary n where the surface 125F intersects becomes a valley, and these peaks and valleys may be arranged alternately in the axial direction. Also, the boundary m between the upstream inclined surface 125E and the downstream inclined surface 125F may be located in the middle of each orifice member 125 in the axial direction. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the speed reduction mechanism according to the third embodiment of the invention. In addition, in FIG. 13, members having substantially the same functions and substantially the same configuration as those of the embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 13, on the inner surface of the orifice member 125 in the assembled state, the upstream inclined surface 125E has a diameter that gradually decreases toward the downstream in the fluid flow direction F1. The downstream side inclined surface 125F is configured to have an inclination, and the downstream side inclined surface 125F is configured to have an inclination such that the diameter dimension gradually increases toward the downstream side in the fluid flow direction F1. In other words, the upstream inclined surface 125E and the downstream inclined surface 125F are both flat surfaces, but the present invention is not limited to this. On the inner surface of the orifice member 135 in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. 14, the speed reduction mechanism 134 may have an upstream inclined surface 135E and a downstream inclined surface 135F, each of which is curved. In that case, the boundary m where the upstream inclined surface 135E and the downstream inclined surface 135F intersect becomes a peak, and the boundary where the downstream inclined surface 135F and the upstream inclined surface 135E of each adjacent orifice member 135 intersect. It may have a corrugated shape in which n is a trough portion and these ridge portions and trough portions are alternately arranged in the axial direction. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing still another modification of the speed reduction mechanism according to the third embodiment of the invention. In addition, in FIG. 14, members having substantially the same function and substantially the same configuration as those of the embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a speed reduction mechanism according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B. 15A is a cross-sectional view showing the speed reduction mechanism 144, and FIG. 15B is a plan view of FIG. 15A. In addition, in FIGS. 15A and 15B, members having substantially the same function and substantially the same configuration as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. A speed reduction mechanism 144 according to the fourth embodiment has a plurality of spaces 145A to 145D inside and is configured with one orifice member 145 configured from one continuous member.

As shown in FIG. 15A, the orifice member 145 is provided so that the outside and the inside in the axial direction communicate with each other so that the combustible gas can pass in the axial direction of the pipe 2. It is provided coaxially with P. The orifice member 145 includes a first orifice space 145A, a second orifice space 145B provided downstream of the first orifice space 145A in the fluid flow direction F1 and continuing to the first orifice space 145A, and a second orifice space 145B. A third orifice space 145C provided downstream in the flow direction of the space 145B and continuous with the second orifice space 145B, and a third orifice space 145C provided downstream in the flow direction of the third orifice space 145C A continuous fourth orifice space 145D is provided, and these spaces 145A, 145B, 145C, and 145D are formed repeatedly. Further, these orifice spaces 145A to 145D are spaces formed to have volumes of approximately the same size.

The four space forming portions that form each of these orifice spaces 145A to 145D are provided with their positions shifted clockwise by 90 degrees when viewed from above in the flow direction. That is, the four space forming portions that form the orifice spaces 145A to 145D are provided eccentrically with respect to each other.

The first orifice space 145A has an inner surface 14A1 parallel to the central axis P, and orthogonal surfaces 14A2 and 14A3 (non-parallel surfaces) that are continuous with both axial ends of the inner surface 14A1 and orthogonal to the central axis P. It is an internal space of the space forming part configured by The orthogonal surface 14A2 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction, and the orthogonal surface 14A3 is provided on the downstream side in the flow direction from the orthogonal surface 14A2. The second orifice space 145B has an inner surface 14B1 parallel to the central axis P, and orthogonal surfaces 14B2 and 14B3 (non-parallel surfaces) that are continuous with both axial ends of the inner surface 14B1 and perpendicular to the central axis P. It is an internal space of the space forming part configured by The orthogonal surface 14B2 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction, and the orthogonal surface 14B3 is provided on the downstream side in the flow direction from the orthogonal surface 14B2. The third orifice space 145C has an inner surface 14C1 parallel to the central axis P, and orthogonal surfaces 14C2 and 14C3 (non-parallel surfaces) that are continuous with both axial ends of the inner surface 14C1 and perpendicular to the central axis P. It is an internal space of the space forming part configured by The orthogonal surface 14C2 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction, and the orthogonal surface 14C3 is provided on the downstream side in the flow direction from the orthogonal surface 14C2. The fourth orifice space 145D has an inner surface 14D1 parallel to the central axis P, and orthogonal surfaces 14D2 and 14D3 (non-parallel surfaces) that are continuous with both axial ends of the inner surface 14D1 and perpendicular to the central axis P. It is an internal space of the space forming part configured by The orthogonal surface 14D2 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction, and the orthogonal surface 14D3 is provided on the downstream side in the flow direction from the orthogonal surface 14D2.

The deceleration mechanism 144 having such an orifice member 145 can sufficiently decelerate the flame. That is, in the deceleration mechanism 14 of the second embodiment described above, the orifice spaces 50A with a large volume and the orifice spaces 50B with a small volume are alternately and continuously formed in the axial direction, and the flame propagating in the pipe 2 is The flame propagating in the pipe 2 is sufficiently decelerated by repeatedly passing through the large and small spaces 50A and 50B, but the present invention is not limited to this. Even when the orifice spaces 145A to 145D that are formed to have substantially the same volume are repeatedly passed through, substantially the same effect as that of the speed reduction mechanism 14 of the second embodiment can be obtained.

In addition, in the fourth embodiment described above, the four space forming portions that form the orifice spaces 145A to 145D are provided with their positions shifted clockwise by 90 degrees when viewed from above in the flow direction. , the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the orifice member 245 of the deceleration mechanism 244 has the orifice spaces 245A to 245D arranged in the axial direction from above in the flow direction as shown in FIGS. , orifice space 245D may be formed in this order, and an orifice space 245A and an orifice space 245C that face each other across the central axis P, and an orifice space 245B and an orifice space 245B that face each other across the central axis P. The space 245D may be located at a position displaced from the center axis P by 90 degrees. 16A and 16B are diagrams showing a modification of the speed reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 16A is a sectional view showing the speed reduction mechanism, and FIG. 16B is a plan view of FIG. 16A. According to this, substantially the same effect as that of the speed reduction mechanism 14 of the second embodiment can be obtained.

Further, for example, the orifice member 345 of the speed reduction mechanism 344 has the orifice spaces 345A and 345C arranged axially from above in the flow direction as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B. The orifice spaces 345A and 345C may be arranged side by side so as to face each other with the central axis P interposed therebetween. 17A and 17B are diagrams showing a modification of the reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 17A is a sectional view showing the reduction mechanism, and FIG. 17B is a plan view of FIG. 17A. According to this, substantially the same effect as that of the speed reduction mechanism 14 of the second embodiment can be obtained.

In this embodiment, the speed reduction mechanisms 144, 244, and 344 are configured with four space forming portions, but the present invention is not limited to this. The speed reduction mechanism may be configured with two or more (plurality) space forming portions.

In addition, the plurality of space forming portions may be provided eccentrically from each other so as to include the central axis P in the axial direction from the upper side in the flow direction, and these space forming portions are arranged without regularity (randomly). They may be arranged side by side in the axial direction. According to this, substantially the same effect as that of the speed reduction mechanism 14 of the second embodiment can be obtained.

In addition, although the best configuration, method, etc. for carrying out the present invention have been disclosed in the above description, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, although the present invention has been particularly illustrated and described primarily with respect to particular embodiments, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art in terms of shape, material, quantity, and other detailed configurations. Therefore, the descriptions that limit the shape, material, etc. disclosed above are exemplified to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. The description by the name of the member that removes all or part of the limitation such as is included in the present invention.

1, 10 Flame arrestor with reduction mechanism 2 Piping 3 Flame arrestor 4, 14, 104, 104', 114, 124, 134, 144, 244, 344
Reduction mechanism 5, 15, 15', 105, 105', 115, 125, 135, 145, 245, 345
Orifice member (member)
5B orthogonal plane (non-parallel plane)
5C boundary surface (non-parallel surface)
42C Downstream orthogonal surface (non-parallel surface) of orifice spacer
P central axis

Claims (6)

A flame arrester provided in a pipe through which a combustible fluid flows to extinguish a flame propagating in the pipe, is provided on at least one side in the axial direction of the pipe, and reduces the propagation speed of the flame propagating in the pipe. A deceleration mechanism for decelerating, wherein a plurality of members having the same shape are directly overlapped in the axial direction of the pipe so as to communicate in the axial direction of the pipe, and are configured in a cylindrical shape , and a flame is formed inside the cylinder. Propagating,
The inner surface of each member has at least one non-parallel surface that is non-parallel to the axis and slows down the flame propagation speed of the flame propagating in the pipe,
The non-parallel surfaces are composed of inclined surfaces such that the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually decreases toward one side in the axial direction, and the inclined surfaces are provided side by side in the axial direction. or
The non-parallel surfaces are curved surfaces such that the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually decreases toward one side in the axial direction, and the curved surfaces are provided side by side in the axial direction, or
The non-parallel surfaces are composed of inclined surfaces such that the inner diameter dimension of each member gradually increases in one direction in the axial direction, and the inclined surfaces are provided side by side in the axial direction. or
The non-parallel surfaces are curved surfaces such that the inner diameter of each member gradually increases in one direction in the axial direction, and the curved surfaces are arranged side by side in the axial direction. and speed reduction mechanism. 2. A speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the number of said members is four or more. 3. The speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the number of said members is 30 or less. The speed reduction mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein angles formed by the non-parallel plane and the axis are substantially equal. a speed reduction mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
and the flame arrester for extinguishing the flame propagating in the pipe. 6. The flame arrester with a speed reduction mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the speed reduction mechanisms are provided on both sides of the pipe of the flame arrester in the axial direction.

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