JP7102597B1 - Microalgae culture equipment - Google Patents

Microalgae culture equipment Download PDF

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JP7102597B1
JP7102597B1 JP2021180352A JP2021180352A JP7102597B1 JP 7102597 B1 JP7102597 B1 JP 7102597B1 JP 2021180352 A JP2021180352 A JP 2021180352A JP 2021180352 A JP2021180352 A JP 2021180352A JP 7102597 B1 JP7102597 B1 JP 7102597B1
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carbon dioxide
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哲 三枝
一樹 大森
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Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
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【課題】二酸化炭素の溶解率を高めることができる微細藻類培養装置を提供する。【解決手段】微細藻類培養装置は、内部空間が微細藻類を含む培養液の流路となっており、第１開口部及び第２開口部が設けられた槽と、上下方向に延在し、上部が第１開口部と接続する第１流路と、上下方向に延在し、上部が第２開口部と接続し、下部が第１流路の下部とを接続する第２流路と、第２流路の下部に配置され、第２流路の培養液に二酸化炭素を含む気体を供給口から供給する散気装置と、を備える。供給口は、槽の液面から下方に位置している。供給口と液面との距離は、１．５ｍ以上である。【選択図】図２An object of the present invention is to provide a microalgae culture apparatus capable of increasing the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide. A microalgae culture apparatus has an internal space serving as a flow path for a culture solution containing microalgae, and includes a tank provided with a first opening and a second opening, and a tank extending in the vertical direction, a first channel having an upper portion connected to the first opening; a second channel extending vertically, having an upper portion connected to the second opening and a lower portion connecting to the lower portion of the first channel; an aeration device arranged below the second flow path and supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide to the culture solution in the second flow path from a supply port. The supply port is located below the liquid surface of the tank. The distance between the supply port and the liquid surface is 1.5 m or more. [Selection drawing] Fig. 2

Description

本開示は、微細藻類培養装置に関する。 The present disclosure relates to a microalgae culture apparatus.

例えばバイオ燃料などの原料となる脂質や炭水化物を生成する微細藻類は、光合成により培養される。微細藻類は、光合成の際、培養液に溶解する二酸化炭素を吸収する。よって、従来の微細藻類培養装置は、二酸化炭素を含む気体を培養液に供給する二酸化炭素供給装置を備えている。また、従来から、培養液中の微細藻類の分布を均一とするため、又は培養液中の二酸化炭素の濃度を均一とするため、培養液が一定以上の流速を保ちながら流路を流れている。 For example, microalgae that produce lipids and carbohydrates as raw materials such as biofuels are cultivated by photosynthesis. Microalgae absorb carbon dioxide dissolved in the culture medium during photosynthesis. Therefore, the conventional microalgae culture device includes a carbon dioxide supply device that supplies a gas containing carbon dioxide to the culture solution. In addition, conventionally, in order to make the distribution of microalgae in the culture solution uniform, or to make the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture solution uniform, the culture solution has flowed through the flow path while maintaining a flow velocity of a certain level or higher. ..

下記特許文献の微細藻類培養装置において、槽内の流路の一部が下方に窪み、Ｕ字状となっている。このＵ字状の流路によれば、槽内を水平方向に流れる培養液が一旦下方に流れる。その後、上方に流れて槽内に戻る。さらに、Ｕ字状の流路上であって上方に流れる培養液に対し、二酸化炭素が供給される。 In the microalgae culture apparatus of the following patent document, a part of the flow path in the tank is recessed downward and has a U shape. According to this U-shaped flow path, the culture solution flowing in the horizontal direction in the tank once flows downward. After that, it flows upward and returns to the inside of the tank. Further, carbon dioxide is supplied to the culture solution that flows upward on the U-shaped flow path.

特開２０１２－２３９７８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-23978

一般的な槽は、光合成に必要な光を吸収させるために、液面から槽の底までの深さが数十ｃｍと浅い。よって、底付近で二酸化炭素を供給しても二酸化炭素の溶解が十分でない。また、特許文献の微細藻類培養装置は、Ｕ字状の流路で二酸化炭素を供給している。ただし、エアーリフト効果を起こすため、Ｕ字状の流路での二酸化炭素の供給量が極めて多い。また、液面までの距離が短いことから、二酸化炭素の溶解率が低い。 In a general tank, the depth from the liquid surface to the bottom of the tank is as shallow as several tens of centimeters in order to absorb the light required for photosynthesis. Therefore, even if carbon dioxide is supplied near the bottom, the carbon dioxide is not sufficiently dissolved. Further, the microalgae culture apparatus of the patent document supplies carbon dioxide through a U-shaped flow path. However, in order to cause an air lift effect, the amount of carbon dioxide supplied through the U-shaped flow path is extremely large. Moreover, since the distance to the liquid surface is short, the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide is low.

本開示は、二酸化炭素の溶解率を高めることができる微細藻類培養装置を提供する。 The present disclosure provides a microalgae culture apparatus capable of increasing the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide.

本開示の一側面の微細藻類培養装置は、内部空間が微細藻類を含む培養液の流路となっており、第１開口部及び第２開口部が設けられた槽と、上下方向に延在し、上部が前記第１開口部と接続する第１流路と、上下方向に延在し、上部が前記第２開口部と接続し、下部が前記第１流路の下部とを接続する第２流路と、前記第２流路の下部に配置され、前記第２流路の前記培養液に二酸化炭素を含む気体を供給口から供給する散気装置と、を備える。前記供給口は、前記槽の液面から下方に位置している。前記供給口と前記液面との距離は、１．５ｍ以上である。 In the microalgae culture apparatus on one side of the present disclosure, the internal space is a flow path for the culture solution containing microalgae, and extends in the vertical direction with a tank provided with a first opening and a second opening. A first flow path that connects the upper part to the first opening and a first flow path that extends in the vertical direction, the upper part connects to the second opening, and the lower part connects to the lower part of the first flow path. It includes two flow paths and an air diffuser that is arranged below the second flow path and supplies a gas containing carbon dioxide to the culture solution of the second flow path from a supply port. The supply port is located below the liquid level of the tank. The distance between the supply port and the liquid level is 1.5 m or more.

本開示によれば、二酸化炭素の溶解率を高めることができる。 According to the present disclosure, the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide can be increased.

図１は、実施形態１の微細藻類培養装置を上方から視た平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of the microalgae culture apparatus of the first embodiment as viewed from above. 図２は、図１のＩＩ-ＩＩ線矢視断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 図３は、変形例１に係る配管を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a pipe according to the first modification. 図４は、変形例２に係る微細藻類培養装置の一部拡大図である。FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the microalgae culture apparatus according to the modified example 2. 図５は、実施形態２に係る微細藻類培養装置の一部拡大図である。FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the microalgae culture apparatus according to the second embodiment. 図６は、実施形態３の微細藻類培養装置の全体図である。FIG. 6 is an overall view of the microalgae culture apparatus of the third embodiment.

以下、本開示につき図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。なお、下記の発明を実施するための形態（以下、実施形態という）により本開示が限定されるものではない。また、下記実施形態における構成要素には、当業者が容易に想定できるもの、実質的に同一のもの、いわゆる均等の範囲のものが含まれる。さらに、下記実施形態で開示した構成要素は適宜組み合わせることが可能である。 Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments for carrying out the following inventions (hereinafter referred to as embodiments). In addition, the components in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, that is, those in a so-called equal range. Further, the components disclosed in the following embodiments can be appropriately combined.

（実施形態１）
図１は、実施形態１の微細藻類培養装置を上方から視た平面図である。図２は、図１のＩＩ-ＩＩ線矢視断面図である。図１、図２に示すように、微細藻類培養装置１００は、培養液１１０を貯留する槽１と、水車６と、２つのＵ字配管１０（図２で一方のＵ字配管１０のみ図示）と、２つの散気装置２０（図２で一方の散気装置２０のみ図示）と、を備えている。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the microalgae culture apparatus of the first embodiment as viewed from above. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the microalgae culture apparatus 100 includes a tank 1 for storing the culture solution 110, a water wheel 6, and two U-shaped pipes 10 (only one U-shaped pipe 10 is shown in FIG. 2). And two air diffusers 20 (only one air diffuser 20 is shown in FIG. 2).

図１に示すように、槽１は、レースウェイ方式の槽である。具体的に、槽１は、水平方向に延在する底壁２と、環状の側壁３と、側壁３の中央部に設けられた仕切壁４と、を備えている。よって、槽１の内部は、培養液１１０が水平方向に流れ、かつ培養液１１０が仕切壁４を中心に循環する循環流路５となっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the tank 1 is a raceway type tank. Specifically, the tank 1 includes a bottom wall 2 extending in the horizontal direction, an annular side wall 3, and a partition wall 4 provided at the center of the side wall 3. Therefore, the inside of the tank 1 is a circulation flow path 5 in which the culture solution 110 flows in the horizontal direction and the culture solution 110 circulates around the partition wall 4.

水車６は、図示しないモータから動力が伝達されて回転している。これにより、培養液１１０は、循環流路５を図１に示す矢印の方に移動し、循環流路５を循環している。これにより、培養液中の微細藻類の分布が均一となる。また、培養液に溶解している二酸化炭素の濃度も均一となる。 The water turbine 6 rotates by transmitting power from a motor (not shown). As a result, the culture solution 110 moves the circulation flow path 5 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1 and circulates in the circulation flow path 5. As a result, the distribution of microalgae in the culture solution becomes uniform. In addition, the concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the culture solution becomes uniform.

図２に示すように、槽１は、循環流路５の上方を覆う天壁を有していない。つまり、槽１は、いわゆるオープンポンド（開放系）の槽である。よって、光合成により微細藻類から排出された酸素は、循環流路５から上方（系外）に排出される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the tank 1 does not have a top wall covering the upper part of the circulation flow path 5. That is, the tank 1 is a so-called open pond (open system) tank. Therefore, the oxygen discharged from the microalgae by photosynthesis is discharged upward (outside the system) from the circulation flow path 5.

槽１の底壁２は比較的浅い。これにより、循環流路５の下側に分布する微細藻類も太陽光を吸収し易くなる。また、槽１の底壁２には、２つの第１開口部７と、２つの第２開口部８と、が設けられている。 The bottom wall 2 of the tank 1 is relatively shallow. As a result, the microalgae distributed under the circulation flow path 5 can easily absorb sunlight. Further, the bottom wall 2 of the tank 1 is provided with two first openings 7 and two second openings 8.

第１開口部７及び第２開口部８は、図１に示すように上方から視て四角形状となっているが、本開示においては、例えば円などの他の形状となっていてもよい。第１開口部７は、循環流路５からＵ字配管１０へ培養液１１０を流入されるための孔である。第２開口部８は、Ｕ字配管１０から循環流路５へ培養液１１０を流出させるための孔である。よって、第１開口部７と第２開口部８は、２つで一組である。 The first opening 7 and the second opening 8 have a square shape when viewed from above as shown in FIG. 1, but in the present disclosure, they may have other shapes such as a circle. The first opening 7 is a hole for flowing the culture solution 110 from the circulation flow path 5 into the U-shaped pipe 10. The second opening 8 is a hole for allowing the culture solution 110 to flow out from the U-shaped pipe 10 to the circulation flow path 5. Therefore, the first opening 7 and the second opening 8 are a set of two.

図１に示すように、一組の第１開口部７と第２開口部８と、別の組の第１開口部７と第２開口部８は、互いに離隔して配置されている。また、一組の第１開口部７と第２開口部８において、第２開口部８の方が第１開口部７よりも循環流路５の上流側に配置されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, one set of the first opening 7 and the second opening 8 and another set of the first opening 7 and the second opening 8 are arranged apart from each other. Further, in a set of the first opening 7 and the second opening 8, the second opening 8 is arranged on the upstream side of the circulation flow path 5 with respect to the first opening 7.

図２に示すように、Ｕ字配管１０は、第１配管１１と、第２配管１２と、を備えている。第１配管１１及び第２配管１２は、上下方向に延在している。第１配管１１の上部は、第１開口部７に接続している。第２配管１２の上部は、第２開口部８に接続している。第１配管１１の下部と第２配管１２の下部は、互いに屈曲し、互いに接続している。これにより、第１配管１１の第１流路１１ａと第２配管１２の第２流路１２ａとが連続し、Ｕ字状の流路となる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the U-shaped pipe 10 includes a first pipe 11 and a second pipe 12. The first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 extend in the vertical direction. The upper part of the first pipe 11 is connected to the first opening 7. The upper part of the second pipe 12 is connected to the second opening 8. The lower part of the first pipe 11 and the lower part of the second pipe 12 are bent and connected to each other. As a result, the first flow path 11a of the first pipe 11 and the second flow path 12a of the second pipe 12 are continuous to form a U-shaped flow path.

散気装置２０は、二酸化炭素を含む気体を培養液に供給する二酸化炭素供給装置である。なお、気体中の二酸化炭素濃度は、特に限定されない。散気装置２０の供給口２１から供給される気体は、培養液１１０中で気泡２２となるが、溶解し易くするため、気泡２２の径が例えば５ｍｍ以下であることが望ましい。また、散気装置２０から培養液に供給される第２配管１２の流路の断面積における気体量は、例えば２．０ＮＬ（ノルマルリットル）／ｃｍ２／ｍｉｎ以下であることが好ましく、１．０ＮＬ（ノルマルリットル）／ｃｍ２／ｍｉｎ以下となることがより好ましい。 The air diffuser 20 is a carbon dioxide supply device that supplies a gas containing carbon dioxide to the culture solution. The carbon dioxide concentration in the gas is not particularly limited. The gas supplied from the supply port 21 of the air diffuser 20 becomes bubbles 22 in the culture solution 110, but it is desirable that the diameter of the bubbles 22 is, for example, 5 mm or less in order to facilitate dissolution. Further, the amount of gas in the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the second pipe 12 supplied from the air diffuser 20 to the culture solution is preferably 2.0 NL (normal liter) / cm 2 / min or less, for example. It is more preferably 0 NL (normal liter) / cm 2 / min or less.

また、散気装置２０から供給される気体は、化石燃料を燃焼させた際に発生する排気ガスであってもよい。排気ガスは、二酸化炭素を含んでいるため、大気中に放出する二酸化炭素の量を低減できる。また、排気ガス中に含まれる酸素の濃度は、１０％以下となることが好ましい。 Further, the gas supplied from the air diffuser 20 may be an exhaust gas generated when the fossil fuel is burned. Since the exhaust gas contains carbon dioxide, the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere can be reduced. Further, the concentration of oxygen contained in the exhaust gas is preferably 10% or less.

散気装置２０の供給口２１は、第２流路１２ａの下部に配置されている。つまり、第２流路１２ａの下部で微細な気泡２２が生成されるようになっている。そして、生成された気泡２２が上昇すると、第２流路１２ａの培養液１１０は、上向きの推進力を受ける。よって、第２流路１２ａの培養液１１０は、上昇して循環流路５へ流れる。一方で第１流路１１ａの培養液１１０は、第２流路１２ａの方に引き込まれる。よって、第１流路１１ａにおいては、培養液１１０が下向きに流れる。さらに、第１流路１１ａにおいて、培養液１１０が下方に流れるため、循環流路５を流れる培養液１１０の一部が第１流路１１ａに引き込まれる。これにより、第２流路１２ａから循環流路５に戻った培養液１１０の一部は、再びＵ字配管１０内に引き込まれるようになっている。 The supply port 21 of the air diffuser 20 is arranged in the lower part of the second flow path 12a. That is, fine bubbles 22 are generated in the lower part of the second flow path 12a. Then, when the generated bubbles 22 rise, the culture solution 110 in the second flow path 12a receives an upward propulsive force. Therefore, the culture solution 110 in the second flow path 12a rises and flows into the circulation flow path 5. On the other hand, the culture solution 110 in the first flow path 11a is drawn toward the second flow path 12a. Therefore, in the first flow path 11a, the culture solution 110 flows downward. Further, since the culture solution 110 flows downward in the first flow path 11a, a part of the culture solution 110 flowing through the circulation flow path 5 is drawn into the first flow path 11a. As a result, a part of the culture solution 110 that has returned from the second flow path 12a to the circulation flow path 5 is drawn into the U-shaped pipe 10 again.

供給口２１から循環流路５の液面５ａまでの距離Ｌは、１．５ｍ以上、好ましくは１．５ｍ以上６ｍ未満、更に好ましくは１．５ｍ以上２．５ｍ未満、である。これによれば、気泡サイズ５ｍｍ以下の場合、二酸化炭素の溶解率が９０％以上となり、効率的な溶解が可能となる。
The distance L from the supply port 21 to the liquid level 5a of the circulation flow path 5 is 1.5 m or more, preferably 1.5 m or more and less than 6 m, and more preferably 1.5 m or more and less than 2.5 m. According to this, when the bubble size is 5 mm or less, the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide is 90% or more, and efficient dissolution is possible.

次に実施形態１の微細藻類培養装置１００の効果について説明する。微細藻類培養装置１００において、供給口２１から循環流路５の液面５ａまでの距離Ｌは、１．５ｍ以上となっている。このため、気泡２２が液面５ａに到達するまでの距離が十分に確保されている。よって、培養液１１０に溶解する二酸化炭素の量は、従来と比べて格段に増加する。 Next, the effect of the microalgae culture apparatus 100 of the first embodiment will be described. In the microalgae culture apparatus 100, the distance L from the supply port 21 to the liquid level 5a of the circulation flow path 5 is 1.5 m or more. Therefore, a sufficient distance is secured for the bubbles 22 to reach the liquid level 5a. Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the culture solution 110 is significantly increased as compared with the conventional case.

また、第１配管１１及び第２配管１２は、鉛直方向に対して傾斜していない。よって、上昇する気泡２２が第２配管１２の内周面に付着し難い。仮に気泡２２が第２配管１２の内周面に付着すると、気泡２２同士が接触して径が大型化した気泡２２が生成される。このような径が大きい気泡２２は培養液１１０に溶解し難い。よって、本実施形態では、第２配管１２は、鉛直方向に対して傾斜していないので、上昇する気泡２２が第２配管１２の内周面に付着することによる二酸化炭素の溶解率の低下、ということが回避されている。 Further, the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 are not inclined with respect to the vertical direction. Therefore, the rising air bubbles 22 are unlikely to adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the second pipe 12. If the bubbles 22 adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the second pipe 12, the bubbles 22 come into contact with each other to generate bubbles 22 having a larger diameter. Such bubbles 22 having a large diameter are difficult to dissolve in the culture solution 110. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since the second pipe 12 is not inclined with respect to the vertical direction, the rising air bubbles 22 adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the second pipe 12 to reduce the carbon dioxide dissolution rate. That is avoided.

また、第２開口部８が第１開口部７に対し、循環流路５の上流側に配置されている。これにより、第２流路１２ａから循環流路５に戻った培養液１１０の一部は、再びＵ字配管１０に引き込まれるため、培養液１１０中の二酸化炭素の濃度が高まる。 Further, the second opening 8 is arranged on the upstream side of the circulation flow path 5 with respect to the first opening 7. As a result, a part of the culture solution 110 that has returned from the second flow path 12a to the circulation flow path 5 is drawn into the U-shaped pipe 10 again, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture solution 110 increases.

以上、実施形態１の微細藻類培養装置１００は、内部空間が微細藻類を含む培養液１１０の流路となっており、第１開口部７及び第２開口部８が設けられた槽１と、上下方向に延在し、上部が第１開口部７と接続する第１流路１１ａと、上下方向に延在し、上部が第２開口部８と接続し、下部が第１流路１１ａの下部とを接続する第２流路１２ａと、第２流路１２ａの下部に配置され、第２流路１２ａの培養液１１０に二酸化炭素を含む気体を供給口２１から供給する散気装置２０と、を備える。供給口２１は、槽１の液面５ａから下方に位置している。供給口２１と液面５ａとの距離Ｌは、１．５ｍ以上である。 As described above, in the microalgae culture apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, the internal space is a flow path of the culture solution 110 containing the microalgae, and the tank 1 provided with the first opening 7 and the second opening 8 A first flow path 11a extending in the vertical direction and having an upper portion connected to the first opening 7, and a first flow path 11a extending in the vertical direction and extending in the vertical direction, having an upper portion connected to the second opening 8 and a lower portion of the first flow path 11a. A second flow path 12a connecting the lower part and an air diffuser 20 arranged in the lower part of the second flow path 12a to supply a gas containing carbon dioxide to the culture solution 110 of the second flow path 12a from the supply port 21. , Equipped with. The supply port 21 is located below the liquid level 5a of the tank 1. The distance L between the supply port 21 and the liquid level 5a is 1.5 m or more.

実施形態１によれば、供給した二酸化炭素の多くが溶解する。よって、従来の微細藻類培養装置に比べて溶解率が高い。 According to the first embodiment, most of the supplied carbon dioxide is dissolved. Therefore, the dissolution rate is higher than that of the conventional microalgae culture apparatus.

また、実施形態１において、第１開口部７は、第２開口部８よりも、培養液１１０の流れの下流に配置されている。 Further, in the first embodiment, the first opening 7 is arranged downstream of the flow of the culture solution 110 than the second opening 8.

これによれば、培養液１１０の一部を繰り返しＵ字配管１０に引き込み、培養液１１０中の二酸化炭素の濃度が高まる。 According to this, a part of the culture solution 110 is repeatedly drawn into the U-shaped pipe 10, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture solution 110 is increased.

以上、実施形態１について説明したが、本開示は、これに限定されない。例えば、実施形態１において、Ｕ字配管１０及び散気装置２０をそれぞれ２つ有しているが、本開示は、１つであってもよく、又は３つ以上有していてもよい。 Although the first embodiment has been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, in the first embodiment, the U-shaped pipe 10 and the air diffuser 20 are each provided, but the present disclosure may have one or three or more.

図３は、変形例１に係る配管を示す図である。また、実施形態１の第１配管１１と第２配管の下端は、Ｒ状（円弧状）を成しているが、本開示は、第１配管１１と第２配管の下端が直角に屈曲してもよく、特に限定されない。また、本開示は、第１配管１１及び第２配管１２のうち一方が直線状の配管であり、他方が直線状の配管の周りを周回する螺旋状（スパイラル）の配管であってもよい。また、本開示は、図３に示すように、第２配管１２の上下方向の途中に第１配管１１の下端が接続するようになっていてもよい。また、この変形例１において、散気装置２０は、第２配管１２内であって第１配管１１が合流する部分よりも下方に配置されてもよい。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a pipe according to the first modification. Further, the lower ends of the first pipe 11 and the second pipe of the first embodiment have an R shape (arc shape), but in the present disclosure, the lower ends of the first pipe 11 and the second pipe are bent at a right angle. It may be, and is not particularly limited. Further, in the present disclosure, one of the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 may be a straight pipe, and the other may be a spiral pipe that orbits around the straight pipe. Further, in the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower end of the first pipe 11 may be connected in the middle of the vertical direction of the second pipe 12. Further, in this modification 1, the air diffuser 20 may be arranged in the second pipe 12 below the portion where the first pipe 11 joins.

散気装置２０による気体の供給は、連続的又は間欠的であってもよく、特に限定されない。 The supply of gas by the air diffuser 20 may be continuous or intermittent, and is not particularly limited.

また、本開示は、第１配管１１及び第２配管１２は鉛直方向に対して傾斜していてもよい。ただし、第２配管１２が傾斜している場合、二酸化炭素の溶解率が落ちる。よって、実施形態１の例が好ましい状態である。 Further, in the present disclosure, the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 may be inclined with respect to the vertical direction. However, when the second pipe 12 is inclined, the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide drops. Therefore, the example of the first embodiment is a preferable state.

また、実施形態１において、第１開口部７及び第２開口部８は、槽１の底壁２に設けられているが、本開示は、培養液１１０が流入できればよい。よって、第１開口部７及び第２開口部８の位置は、循環流路５を流れる培養液１１０の液面５ａよりも下方であればよい。 Further, in the first embodiment, the first opening 7 and the second opening 8 are provided on the bottom wall 2 of the tank 1, but in the present disclosure, it is sufficient that the culture solution 110 can flow in. Therefore, the positions of the first opening 7 and the second opening 8 may be lower than the liquid level 5a of the culture solution 110 flowing through the circulation flow path 5.

図４に示すように、第１開口部７の方が第２開口部８よりも循環流路５の上流側に配置されていてもよい。この変形例２の微細藻類培養装置１００Ａによれば、Ｕ字配管１０から流出した培養液１１０がすぐにＵ字配管１０に引き込まれる、ということがなくなる。 As shown in FIG. 4, the first opening 7 may be arranged on the upstream side of the circulation flow path 5 with respect to the second opening 8. According to the microalgae culture apparatus 100A of the second modification, the culture solution 110 flowing out from the U-shaped pipe 10 is not immediately drawn into the U-shaped pipe 10.

（実施形態２）
図５は、実施形態２に係る微細藻類培養装置の一部拡大図である。次に実施形態２の微細藻類培養装置１００Ｂは、図５に示すように、槽１に代えて槽１Ｂとなっている点で実施形態１と相違する。槽１Ｂは、光が透過可能な透明な管の一端と他端を接続した形状である。つまり、槽１Ｂは、循環流路５の上方を覆う天壁９を有しており、循環流路５の断面形状が環状となっている。 (Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the microalgae culture apparatus according to the second embodiment. Next, the microalgae culture apparatus 100B of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the tank 1B is used instead of the tank 1 as shown in FIG. The tank 1B has a shape in which one end and the other end of a transparent tube through which light can be transmitted are connected. That is, the tank 1B has a top wall 9 that covers the upper part of the circulation flow path 5, and the cross-sectional shape of the circulation flow path 5 is annular.

このような微細藻類培養装置１００Ｂによっても、実施形態１と同じように供給した二酸化炭素の多くが溶解する。また、これに伴い、循環流路５の上方に溜まる二酸化炭素の量が少なくなる。よって、槽１Ｂ内における気相のスペースＭ（図５参照）も小さくなる。仮に気相のスペースＭが大きくなると、相対的に培養液１１０のスペースが小さくなり、培養液１１０の液量も低減してしまう。よって、実施形態２によれば、培養液１１１の液量が低減する、という不利益を回避できる。 Even with such a microalgae culture apparatus 100B, most of the supplied carbon dioxide is dissolved in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Further, along with this, the amount of carbon dioxide accumulated above the circulation flow path 5 is reduced. Therefore, the gas phase space M (see FIG. 5) in the tank 1B is also reduced. If the gas phase space M becomes large, the space of the culture solution 110 becomes relatively small, and the amount of the culture solution 110 also decreases. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to avoid the disadvantage that the amount of the culture solution 111 is reduced.

（実施形態３）
図６は、実施形態３の微細藻類培養装置の全体図である。実施形態３の微細藻類培養装置１００Ｃは、フォトバイオリアクタである。詳細には、図６に示すように、実施形態３の微細藻類培養装置１００Ｃは、槽１に代えて槽１Ｃとなっている点で実施形態１と相違する。また、微細藻類培養装置１００Ｃは、水車６に代えてポンプ６Ｃとなっている点で実施形態１と相違する。また、微細藻類培養装置１００Ｃは、バッファタンク３０とｐＨ測定装置４０と制御装置５０を備える点で実施形態１と相違する。 (Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 is an overall view of the microalgae culture apparatus of the third embodiment. The microalgae culture apparatus 100C of the third embodiment is a photobioreactor. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the microalgae culture apparatus 100C of the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the tank 1C is used instead of the tank 1. Further, the microalgae culture apparatus 100C is different from the first embodiment in that the pump 6C is used instead of the water wheel 6. Further, the microalgae culture device 100C is different from the first embodiment in that it includes a buffer tank 30, a pH measuring device 40, and a control device 50.

槽１Ｃは、水平方向に延びる複数の直線管６０を複数の屈曲管６１で繋ぎ合わせて、旋回しながら上下方向に培養液１１０を流す管である。直線管６０及び屈曲管６１は、光合成を可能とするため透明な材料から成る。なお、槽１Ｃは、槽１Ｃを支持する専用の支持台に支持されたり、建物において太陽光が一日中照射される壁面に固定されたりしてもよい。 The tank 1C is a pipe in which a plurality of straight pipes 60 extending in the horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of bending pipes 61, and the culture solution 110 is flowed in the vertical direction while swirling. The straight tube 60 and the bent tube 61 are made of a transparent material to enable photosynthesis. The tank 1C may be supported by a dedicated support base that supports the tank 1C, or may be fixed to a wall surface that is irradiated with sunlight all day long in the building.

実施形態３では、ポンプ６Ｃにより培養液１１０が上方に流れる。よって、槽１Ｃの流入口６２は下側に位置し、流出口６３は上方に位置している。槽１Ｃの流入口６２は、下側接続管７０を介して、バッファタンク３０の下部に接続している。槽１Ｃの流出口６３は、上側接続管７１を介して、バッファタンク３０の上部に接続している。 In the third embodiment, the culture solution 110 flows upward by the pump 6C. Therefore, the inflow port 62 of the tank 1C is located on the lower side, and the outflow port 63 is located on the upper side. The inflow port 62 of the tank 1C is connected to the lower part of the buffer tank 30 via the lower connecting pipe 70. The outlet 63 of the tank 1C is connected to the upper part of the buffer tank 30 via the upper connecting pipe 71.

Ｕ字配管１０は、上側接続管７１に設けられている。よって、槽１Ｃからバッファタンク３０に流れる培養液１１０に二酸化炭素を供給している。Ｕ字配管１０は、上側接続管７１と下側接続管７０との間に配置される。よって、上側接続管７１と下側接続管７０との間のスペースを有効に活用している。 The U-shaped pipe 10 is provided on the upper connecting pipe 71. Therefore, carbon dioxide is supplied to the culture solution 110 flowing from the tank 1C to the buffer tank 30. The U-shaped pipe 10 is arranged between the upper connecting pipe 71 and the lower connecting pipe 70. Therefore, the space between the upper connecting pipe 71 and the lower connecting pipe 70 is effectively utilized.

バッファタンク３０は、一時的に培養液１１０を貯留している。バッファタンク３０の上部には、ガス抜き穴３１が設けられている。これにより、微細藻類から発生した酸素や散気装置２０から供給されて溶解しなかった二酸化炭素や、排ガス中の窒素ガスなどが、ガス抜き穴３１から排出される。 The buffer tank 30 temporarily stores the culture solution 110. A degassing hole 31 is provided in the upper part of the buffer tank 30. As a result, oxygen generated from microalgae, carbon dioxide supplied from the air diffuser 20 and not dissolved, nitrogen gas in the exhaust gas, and the like are discharged from the gas vent hole 31.

ｐＨ測定装置４０は、培養液１１０中の水素イオン濃度を測定する装置である。ｐＨ測定装置４０は、上側接続管７１であってＵ字配管１０よりも上流側に配置されている。制御装置５０は、ｐＨ測定装置４０の測定結果に基づいて、散気装置２０から供給する気体の量を調整する装置である。これによれば、培養液１１０に供給される気体が適量となる。また、槽１Ｃに直接二酸化炭素を供給すると、気相のスペースが大きくなり、相対的に培養液１１０のスペースが小さくなる。よって、本実施形態においても、実施形態２と同様に、培養液１１１の液量が低減する、という不利益を回避できる。 The pH measuring device 40 is a device for measuring the hydrogen ion concentration in the culture solution 110. The pH measuring device 40 is an upper connecting pipe 71 and is arranged on the upstream side of the U-shaped pipe 10. The control device 50 is a device that adjusts the amount of gas supplied from the air diffuser 20 based on the measurement result of the pH measuring device 40. According to this, the amount of gas supplied to the culture solution 110 becomes an appropriate amount. Further, when carbon dioxide is directly supplied to the tank 1C, the space of the gas phase becomes large, and the space of the culture solution 110 becomes relatively small. Therefore, also in the present embodiment, the disadvantage that the amount of the culture solution 111 is reduced can be avoided as in the second embodiment.

以上、実施形態３について説明したが、本開示は、制御装置５０を備えていなくてもよい。つまり、作業者がｐＨ測定装置４０の測定結果を確認し、作業者が散気装置２０からの供給量を調整してもよい。なお、本実施形態の槽１Ｃにおいて、培養液１１０が上方に流れるようになっているが、本開示は下方に流れるようにしてもよく、特に限定はない。また、培養液１１０が槽１Ｃ内を下方へ流れる場合、Ｕ字配管１０は、下側接続管７０又は上側接続管７１に接続してもよい。 Although the third embodiment has been described above, the present disclosure does not have to include the control device 50. That is, the operator may confirm the measurement result of the pH measuring device 40, and the operator may adjust the supply amount from the air diffuser 20. In the tank 1C of the present embodiment, the culture solution 110 flows upward, but the present disclosure may allow the culture solution 110 to flow downward, and there is no particular limitation. Further, when the culture solution 110 flows downward in the tank 1C, the U-shaped pipe 10 may be connected to the lower connecting pipe 70 or the upper connecting pipe 71.

また、実施形態３の微細藻類培養装置１００Ｃは、ｐＨ測定装置４０を備えているが、本開示は、ｐＨ測定装置４０に代えて培養液１１０に溶解する二酸化炭素の濃度を測定する二酸化炭素濃度測定装置を備える。そして、制御装置５０は、二酸化炭素濃度測定装置の測定結果に基づいて、散気装置２０から供給する気体の量を調整するようにしてもよい。若しくは、ｐＨ測定装置４０と二酸化炭素濃度測定装置の両方を備えていてもよい。このような場合、制御装置５０は、ｐＨ測定装置４０の測定結果と二酸化炭素濃度測定装置の測定結果に基づいて、散気装置２０から供給する気体の量を調整する。 Further, although the microalgae culture device 100C of the third embodiment includes a pH measuring device 40, the present disclosure measures the concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the culture solution 110 instead of the pH measuring device 40. Equipped with a measuring device. Then, the control device 50 may adjust the amount of gas supplied from the air diffuser 20 based on the measurement result of the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device. Alternatively, both the pH measuring device 40 and the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device may be provided. In such a case, the control device 50 adjusts the amount of gas supplied from the air diffuser 20 based on the measurement result of the pH measuring device 40 and the measurement result of the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device.

１、１Ｂ、１Ｃ 槽
６ 水車
６Ｃ ポンプ
５ 循環流路
７ 第１開口部
８ 第２開口部
１０ Ｕ字配管
１１ 第１配管
１２ 第２配管
１１ａ 第１流路
１２ａ 第２流路
２０ 散気装置
２１ 供給口
２２ 気泡
３０ バッファタンク
３１ ガス抜き穴
４０ ｐＨ測定装置
５０ 制御装置
６０ 直線管
６１ 屈曲管
７０ 下側接続管
７１ 上側接続管
１００、１００Ａ、１００Ｂ、１００Ｃ 微細藻類培養装置
１１０ 培養液 1, 1B, 1C tank 6 Water wheel 6C Pump 5 Circulation flow path 7 1st opening 8 2nd opening 10 U-shaped pipe 11 1st pipe 12 2nd pipe 11a 1st flow path 12a 2nd flow path 20 Air diffuser 21 Supply port 22 Bubbles 30 Buffer tank 31 Degassing hole 40 pH measuring device 50 Control device 60 Straight pipe 61 Bending pipe 70 Lower connecting pipe 71 Upper connecting pipe 100, 100A, 100B, 100C Microalgae culture device 110 Culture solution

Claims (5)

内部空間が微細藻類を含む培養液の循環流路となっており、第１開口部及び第２開口部が設けられた槽と、
上下方向に延在し、上部が前記第１開口部と接続する第１流路と、
上下方向に延在し、上部が前記第２開口部と接続し、下部が前記第１流路の下部とを接続する第２流路と、
前記第２流路の下部に配置され、前記第２流路の前記培養液に二酸化炭素を含む気体を供給口から供給する散気装置と、
を備え、
前記槽は、
光が透過可能であり、内部を流れる前記培養液が光合成可能な管と、
前記光合成可能な管の流出口に接続する接続管と、
を少なくとも備え、
前記第１開口部及び前記第２開口部は、前記接続管に設けられ、
前記供給口は、前記槽の液面から下方に位置し、
前記供給口と前記液面との距離は、１．５ｍ以上であり、
前記第２開口部は、前記第１開口部よりも、前記光合成可能な管の前記流出口寄りに配置されている
微細藻類培養装置。 The internal space serves as a circulation channel for the culture solution containing microalgae, and a tank provided with a first opening and a second opening, and a tank.
A first flow path extending in the vertical direction and having an upper portion connected to the first opening,
A second flow path that extends in the vertical direction, the upper part of which connects to the second opening, and the lower part of which connects to the lower part of the first flow path.
An air diffuser arranged in the lower part of the second flow path and supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide to the culture solution in the second flow path from a supply port.
With
The tank is
A tube through which light can pass and the culture solution flowing inside can be photosynthesized.
A connecting tube connected to the outlet of the photosynthetic tube,
At least
The first opening and the second opening are provided in the connecting pipe.
The supply port is located below the liquid level of the tank and is located below.
The distance between the supply port and the liquid level is 1.5 m or more.
The second opening is a microalgae culturing device arranged closer to the outlet of the photosynthetic tube than the first opening. 前記培養液のｐＨ値を測定するｐＨ測定装置と、
前記ｐＨ測定装置の測定結果に基づいて、前記散気装置から供給する気体の量を調整する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記ｐＨ測定装置は、前記第２開口部よりも、前記光合成可能な管の前記流出口寄りに配置されている
請求項１に記載の微細藻類培養装置。 A pH measuring device for measuring the pH value of the culture solution and
A control device that adjusts the amount of gas supplied from the air diffuser based on the measurement results of the pH measuring device, and
With
The microalgae culturing device according to claim 1, wherein the pH measuring device is arranged closer to the outlet of the photosynthetic tube than the second opening. 前記培養液に溶解する前記二酸化炭素の濃度を測定する二酸化炭素濃度測定装置と、
前記二酸化炭素濃度測定装置の測定結果に基づいて、前記散気装置から供給する気体の量を調整する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記二酸化炭素濃度測定装置は、前記第２開口部よりも、前記光合成可能な管の前記流出口寄りに配置されている
請求項１に記載の微細藻類培養装置。 A carbon dioxide concentration measuring device for measuring the concentration of the carbon dioxide dissolved in the culture solution, and
A control device that adjusts the amount of gas supplied from the air diffuser based on the measurement results of the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device, and
With
The microalgae cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device is arranged closer to the outlet of the photosynthetic tube than the second opening. 前記培養液のｐＨ値を測定するｐＨ測定装置と、
前記培養液に溶解する前記二酸化炭素の濃度を測定する二酸化炭素濃度測定装置と、
前記ｐＨ測定装置の測定結果と前記二酸化炭素濃度測定装置の測定結果に基づいて、前記散気装置から供給する気体の量を調整する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記ｐＨ測定装置及び前記二酸化炭素濃度測定装置は、前記第２開口部よりも、前記光合成可能な管の前記流出口寄りに配置されている
請求項１に記載の微細藻類培養装置。 A pH measuring device for measuring the pH value of the culture solution and
A carbon dioxide concentration measuring device for measuring the concentration of the carbon dioxide dissolved in the culture solution, and
A control device that adjusts the amount of gas supplied from the air diffuser based on the measurement result of the pH measuring device and the measurement result of the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device.
With
The microalgae cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein the pH measuring device and the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device are arranged closer to the outlet of the photosynthetic tube than the second opening. 前記散気装置から供給される前記気体は、化石燃料の燃焼により生成された排気ガスであり、
前記排気ガスは、二酸化炭素と酸素を含み、かつ前記排気ガス中の酸素の濃度が１０％以下となっている
請求項１から請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の微細藻類培養装置。
The gas supplied from the air diffuser is an exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel.
The microalgae cultivating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the exhaust gas contains carbon dioxide and oxygen, and the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas is 10% or less.
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