JP7032133B2 - 流体精製方法 - Google Patents
流体精製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7032133B2 JP7032133B2 JP2017513222A JP2017513222A JP7032133B2 JP 7032133 B2 JP7032133 B2 JP 7032133B2 JP 2017513222 A JP2017513222 A JP 2017513222A JP 2017513222 A JP2017513222 A JP 2017513222A JP 7032133 B2 JP7032133 B2 JP 7032133B2
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- silicon
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Description
所定の体積の評価される粉砕石材(ポゾラン、ブレーン値:約2,500cm2/g以上)を秤量し、次いで、塩酸の添加によりpHが5.0に調整されている4倍の体積の水に懸濁させる。懸濁液を25℃の温度で3時間に亘って撹拌する。その後、形成された液体及び/又はゼリーから、それぞれ石材を分離し、オーブンに移し、そこで減圧下150℃で3時間に亘って乾燥させる。そのように乾燥された石材を秤量し、その質量を初期質量と比べる。質量差が約5質量%より大きければ、評価されたポゾランを本発明における使用に適するものと見なす。
例1:
排ガスを精製するための天然ポゾランVulkanit 500の使用
下記の所定の組成:
- 窒素 90体積%
- 酸素 10体積%
- HCl 18.1mg/L
- 湿度 0.15g/L
- Hg(HgCl2として) 4.428g
を示す気体27Lを、約2.2L/分の速度及び170℃で、150mgの天然ポゾラン(Vulkanit 500、ハウリ(Hauri)社、独国;BET活性表面:約11;ブレーン値:約14,000)を含む管の中へ導いて通過させた。管の後で回収された気体には、約78.9%の水銀の吸着率と対応する0.931gの水銀を検出することができた。
比較分析
下記材料:
A)150mgのVulkanit 500及び150mgのチョーク;
B)150mgのチョーク;
C)150mgのBavarian Trass(BET表面:22m2/g);
D)150mgのSiO2;
E)150mgのNa2SiO4;
F)150mgのAl2O3;
を用いたこと以外は例1と同じ条件下で例1の実験を繰り返した。
A)83.2%
B)4.7%
C)12%
D)10.6%
E)8.4%
F)26.4%
硫黄との混合物における天然ポゾランVulkanit 500の使用
下記の所定の組成:
- 窒素 90体積%
- 酸素 10体積%
- HCl 18.1mg/L
- 湿度 0.15g/L
- Hg(HgCl2として) 4.428g
を示す気体27Lを、170℃で、(5:1の比と対応する)125mgのVulkanit 500と25mgの硫黄華から成る混合物150mgを含む管の中へ導いて通過させた。管を通過した後の気体には、約98.21%の水銀堆積率と対応する0.079gの水銀を検出することができた。
硫黄及びチョークとの混合物における天然ポゾランVulkanit 500の使用
下記の所定の組成:
- 窒素 90体積%
- 酸素 10体積%
- HCl 18.1mg/L
- 湿度 0.15g/L
- Hg(HgCl2として) 4.428g
を示す気体27Lを、170℃で、(5:1の比と対応する)125mgのVulkanit 500及び25mgの硫黄華から成る混合物150mgと、150mgのチョーク(メルカーセメント社、ハールブルグ、独国)とを含む管の中へ導いて通過させた。管を通過した気体には、約99.98%の水銀堆積率と対応する0.001gの水銀しか検出できなかった。
天然ポゾランSP 90の使用
下記の所定の組成:
- 窒素 90体積%
- 酸素 10体積%
- HCl 18.1mg/L
- 湿度 0.15g/L
- Hg(HgCl2として) 4.428g
を示す気体27Lを、170℃で、150mgのSP 90(ハウリ社、独国、ブレーン値:約9000)を含む管の中へ導いて通過させた。管を通過した気体には、約72.8%の水銀堆積率と対応する1.204gの量の水銀を検出することができた。
硫黄との混合物における天然ポゾランSP 90の使用
下記の所定の組成:
- 窒素 90体積%
- 酸素 10体積%
- HCl 18.1mg/L
- 湿度 0.15g/L
- Hg(HgCl2として) 4.428g
を示す気体27Lを、170℃で、(5:1の比と対応する)125mgのSP 90(ハウリ社、独国、ブレーン値:約9000)と25mgの硫黄華から成る混合物150mgを含む管の中へ導いて通過させた。管を通過した気体には、約95.69%の水銀堆積率と対応する0.191gの量の水銀を検出することができた。
水の精製における天然ポゾランVulkanit 500の使用
Vulkanit V500を目盛り付きフラスコ中へ200mLの充填レベルまで入れて、その容量を水で1リットルへ調整することによって、様々な比較分析試料を調製したところ、7.5のpH(試料:A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6)及び6.0のpH(試料:B1,B2,B3,B4)と3.0のpH(試料:C1,C2,C3,C4)とを示した(1NのHClで調整されたpHである)。それらの内容物を撹拌フラスコに移して、以下のように処理した:
(A1) 25℃で1時間の撹拌
(A2) 還流における90℃で1時間の撹拌
(A3) 25℃で6時間の撹拌
(A4) 還流における90℃で6時間の撹拌
(A5) 25℃で24時間の撹拌
(A6) 還流における90℃で24時間の撹拌
(B1) 25℃で1時間の撹拌
(B2) 還流における90℃で1時間の撹拌
(B3) 25℃で6時間の撹拌
(B4) 還流における90℃で6時間の撹拌
(C1) 25℃で1時間の撹拌
(C2) 還流における90℃で1時間の撹拌
(C3) 25℃で6時間の撹拌
(C4) 還流における90℃で6時間の撹拌
(A1) 0.4%
(A2) 1.8%
(A3) 1.3%
(A4) 4.7%
(A5) 3.4%
(A6) 5.9%
(B1) 6.7%
(B2) 9.4%
(B3) 13.6%
(B4) 27.8%
(C1) 17.4%
(C2) 24.6%
(C3) 31.2%
(C4) 36.3%
(A1) 1.99g (0.5%)
(A2) 1.96g (2.0%)
(A3) 1.97g (1.5%)
(A4) 1.81g (9.50%)
(A5) 1.87g (6.5%)
(A6) 1.26g (37.0%)
(B1) 1.15g (42.5%)
(B2) 0.99g (50.5%)
(B3) 0.88g (56.0%)
(B4) 0.58g (71.0%)
(C1) 0.78g (61.0%)
(C2) 0.61g (69.5%)
(C3) 0.46g (77.0%)
(C4) 0.38g (81.0%)
Claims (11)
- 溶出可能なケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物の部分を少なくとも5質量%の量で含むポゾランを、被精製流体と、前記ポゾランから前記ケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物を放出させる条件下で接触させる工程を含む流体精製方法であって、
前記ポゾランの溶出可能な化合物の前記量は、
所定の体積の評価される粉砕石材(ポゾラン、ブレーン値:約2,500cm2/g以上)を秤量し、次いで、塩酸の添加によりpHが5.0に調整されている4倍の体積の水に懸濁させ、懸濁液を25℃の温度で3時間に亘って撹拌し、その後、形成された液体及び/又はゼリーから、それぞれ石材を分離し、オーブンに移し、そこで減圧下150℃で3時間に亘って乾燥させ、そのように乾燥された石材を秤量し、その質量を初期質量と比べることにより決定されるものである、流体精製方法。 - 前記ポゾランが、シリカゲル、ケイ酸塩及び/若しくはゼオライトから成る群から選択されるケイ素化合物、かつ/又はアルミニウム化合物との混合物において使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポゾランが、元素硫黄との混合物において使用される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記硫黄が、前記ポゾラン上へ含浸又は焼結される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ポゾランが、硫化物、ポリ硫化物、チオン酸塩とポリチオン酸塩、四硫化ナトリウム、金属塩、及び/若しくは触媒活性物質、又はそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む群から選択される成分と混合及び/又は含浸されているか、又は前記ポゾランが、元素硫黄、水ガラス又はそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む群から選択される成分を充填されているか、又は前記ポゾランが、活性化トラスと混合されている、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記
載の方法。 - 前記触媒活性物質又は金属塩が、バナジウム、タングステン、チタン、パラジウム、ロジウム、白金、オーエルメタル、ラネーニッケル、酸化マンガン、五酸化バナジウム、酸化サマリウム(III)及び/又はホプカライト、又はそれらの任意の組み合わせをそれぞれ含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記ポゾランが、コークス、活性炭及び/又はアルカリ性成分、又はそれらの任意の組み合わせと混合されている、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 排ガスの精製のための請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 精製が、水銀、重金属、酸化窒素、ダイオキシン、塩素化フラン、塩素化炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、一酸化炭素、塩酸、二酸化硫黄、硫化水素、細菌、菌類、生物学的デブリ又はそれらの任意の組み合わせから選択される汚染物質の前記流体からの除去を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 精製プロセスに適用されるポゾランの使用であって、
前記ポゾランは、前記ポゾランからケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物の放出を可能とする条件下で溶出し得るケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物の部分を含み、
前記ポゾランから前記ケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物の放出を可能とする前記条件は、被精製流体の6.0以下のpH値及び/又は昇温を含み、
前記ケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物が少なくとも5質量%の量で溶出され、
前記ポゾランは、溶出可能なケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物の部分を少なくとも5質量%の量で含み、溶出可能なケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物の前記量は、
所定の体積の評価される粉砕石材(ポゾラン、ブレーン値:約2,500cm2/g以上)を秤量し、次いで、塩酸の添加によりpHが5.0に調整されている4倍の体積の水に懸濁させ、懸濁液を25℃の温度で3時間に亘って撹拌し、その後、形成された液体及び/又はゼリーから、それぞれ石材を分離し、オーブンに移し、そこで減圧下150℃で3時間に亘って乾燥させ、そのように乾燥された石材を秤量し、その質量を初期質量と比べることにより決定されるものである、流体の精製及び/又は流体からの汚染物質の除去のための使用。 - 前記汚染物質が、水銀、重金属、酸化窒素、ダイオキシン、塩素化フラン、塩素化炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、一酸化炭素、塩酸、二酸化硫黄、硫化水素、細菌、菌類、生物学的デブリ又はそれらの任意の組み合わせから選択される物質を含む、請求項10に記載の使用。
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