JP7017753B2 - Surface profile detection device and operation method of the charge - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, the surface of a storage material such as iron ore and coke in a blast furnace, metals in a melting furnace, garbage in an incinerator, and grains in a hopper (hereinafter collectively referred to as “charged material”). Regarding a detection device that detects a profile. Further, the present invention relates to a method of replenishing the charged material and performing stable operation based on the surface profile of the charged material.

For example, in a blast furnace, fuel costs can be reduced and the life of the furnace body can be extended by optimizing the deposition state of iron ore and coke and stabilizing the gas flow in the furnace. In order to obtain an appropriate deposition state, it is necessary to accurately measure the surface profile of these charges in a short time and replenish the charges so that the theoretical deposition state obtained in advance is obtained. Conventionally, as a method for measuring the surface profile, as shown in FIG. 9, a detection wave is detected from an antenna 11 attached to the tip of a lance 10 inserted into the furnace through the furnace wall 1 toward the surface of the charge 20. M1 is emitted, the reflection detection wave M2 from the surface of the charge 20 is received by the antenna 11, and the distance from the antenna 11 to the surface of the charge 20 is measured by the frequency of the beat wave obtained by mixing. The method is common, and the surface profile of the charge 20 is obtained by measuring while moving the lance 10.

However, in the above-mentioned lance type detection device, since the lance 10 moves linearly, only a linear surface profile of the charge 20, that is, a two-dimensional surface profile can be obtained. In addition, the lance 10 needs to be as long as the inner diameter of the furnace and has a high load, so if it is inserted for a long time in the furnace, it will hang down due to its own weight and will not come out of the furnace, and the stroke will be large when moving. , A large space is required outside the furnace. Further, a drive unit for moving the lance 10 is required separately, which increases the equipment cost and the operating cost. In addition, since the lance 10 interferes with the replenishment of the charged material, the charged material cannot be replenished during the profile measurement, and the quick charging operation according to the measured surface profile cannot be performed.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the applicant proposes a detection device 30 in which the antenna 32 of the detection wave transmission / reception means 31 and the reflector 33 are arranged to face each other. In this detection device 30, the reflector 33 has a variable tilt angle X toward the inside of the blast furnace 1, and further, a variable rotation angle Y about the antenna axis passing through the center of the opening of the antenna 32. By controlling the tilt angle X and the rotation angle Y, the detection wave indicated by the reference numeral M in the figure can scan the surface of the charge 20 concentrically or spirally, and is three-dimensional. The surface profile can be detected. Moreover, since the inclination angle X and the rotation angle Y of the reflector 33 can be changed at high speed, the measurement can be performed in a short time.

Japanese Patent No. 5391458

However, in the detection device 30 described in Patent Document 1, the tilt angle X and the rotation angle Y must be controlled simultaneously, accurately and at high speed, and the tilt angle X and the rotation angle Y are controlled. The burden on the drive device and control device of the reflector 33 used for the above is also large.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a detection device capable of three-dimensionally detecting the surface profile of an object, even though it has a simple device configuration, without providing a reflector and a drive device or control device thereof. do.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following surface profile detection device and operation method for the charged material.
(1) A detection wave is transmitted from an opening near the top of the container toward the surface of the charge in the container, and the detection wave reflected on the surface of the charge is received and the charge is received. In a detector that detects a surface profile
A transmitter / receiver for oscillating and detecting the detected wave, and one or more transmitter / receiver means including an antenna connected to each transmitter / receiver.
A rotating plate with the antenna attached toward the opening, and
The rotating shaft attached to the center of the rotating plate and
The rotation axis is provided with a drive source for rotating the axis around the axis, and is provided with a drive source.
A device for detecting a surface profile of a charge, which transmits and receives by the transmission / reception means while rotating the rotating plate, and scans the surface of the charge linearly along a circle.
(2) The surface profile detection device for a charge according to (1) above, wherein the crossing angle between the axis of the antenna and the axis of the rotation axis is variable.
(3) The above-mentioned (3), wherein the transmitter / receiver is a plurality of transmitters / receivers, each of which is attached to a different slit, and the diameters of scanning circles scanning the surface of the charged object by the detected wave are different from each other (3). The surface profile detection device for the charge according to 1) or (2).
(4) The surface profile of the charge according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the transmitter / receiver has a plurality of transmitters / receivers, and the detection waves are simultaneously transmitted / received by the respective antennas . Detection device.
( 5 ) The charge according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ) above, wherein the transmission / reception means is connected to a wireless signal transmitter and the transmission / reception information is wirelessly communicated with the outside. Surface profile detector.
( 6 ) The surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of (1) to ( 5 ) above, wherein the detection wave is a microwave or a millimeter wave.
( 7 ) In any one of the above (1) to ( 6 ), wherein a reflector facing both the opening and the rotating plate is arranged in the space between the opening and the rotating plate. The surface profile detector for the described charge.
( 8 ) The surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of (1) to ( 7 ) above, wherein the container is a blast furnace, a melting furnace, an incinerator or a hopper.
( 9 ) The surface profile of the charge is measured using the surface profile detection device of the charge according to any one of (1) to ( 8 ) above, and the charge is based on the surface profile. An operating method characterized by replenishing.
Hereinafter, the surface profile detection device of the charged material may be abbreviated as "detection device".

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, there is provided a detection device capable of three-dimensionally detecting the surface profile of an object, even though it has a simple device configuration.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the 1st Embodiment of the detection apparatus of this invention. It is an arrow view of AA of FIG. It is a figure which shows the scanning mode of the detection wave on the charge surface by the detection device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a rotating plate. It is the schematic which shows the 2nd Embodiment of the detection apparatus of this invention according to FIG. FIG. 5 is an arrow view of AA in FIG. It is a figure which shows the scanning mode of the detection wave on the charge surface by the detection device of FIG. 5 according to FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 3rd Embodiment of the detection apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the conventional lance type detection apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the detection apparatus of Patent Document 1. FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but here, a blast furnace will be described as an example.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the detection device of the present invention along the axis of the blast furnace 1, and FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. In the blast furnace 1, iron ore and coke, which are charged materials, are alternately deposited in layers.

The detection device of the present invention includes a transmission / reception means 100, a rotary plate 120 to which the transmission / reception means 100 is attached, and a drive source 130 for rotating the rotary plate 120. Will be installed in.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary plate 120 is a disk, and the rotary shaft 131 of the drive source 130 is attached to the center thereof. The rotary shaft 131 is rotated around the axis by the drive source 130 as shown by an arrow R in the figure, and the rotary plate 120 is rotated in the same direction with respect to the rotary shaft 131. Further, the encoder 140 is connected to the rotary shaft 131, and the rotary angle of the rotary shaft 131 is detected by the encoder 140.

The transmission / reception means 100 includes a transmitter / receiver 101 for oscillating and detecting the detection wave M, and an antenna 102 connected to the transceiver 101, and the antenna 102 is directed toward the opening 2 of the blast furnace 1 of the rotating plate 120. It is attached to the slit 121 (see FIG. 2). In the illustrated example, the transmitter / receiver 101 and the antenna 102 are directly connected, but the transmitter / receiver 101 may be placed at an appropriate position on the rotating plate 120 and connected to the antenna 102 with a waveguide or a coaxial cable. good.

As the detection wave M, it is preferable to use a microwave or a millimeter wave because the temperature inside the furnace is high and a large amount of suspended matter is present. In particular, millimeter waves are preferable because they have a shorter wavelength and higher directivity than microwaves.

The detection wave M can be transmitted and received by, for example, the FM-CW method. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the detection wave M oscillated by the transmitter / receiver 101 is transmitted from the antenna 102 (transmission wave), sent into the furnace through the opening 2, and then reflected on the surface of the charge 20. Then, the reflected wave is incident on the antenna 102 and detected by the transmitter / receiver 101, and the distance between the antenna 102 and the surface of the charge 20 is measured from the frequency difference (beat frequency) between the transmitted wave and the reflected wave. To. Therefore, by transmitting and receiving the detection wave M by the transmission / reception means 100 while rotating the rotary plate 120 by the drive source 130, the detection wave M scans the surface of the charge 20 along the circle as shown in FIG. Then, the reflected wave by the charge 20 is detected at each position of the scanning circle S, and the distance information to the charge 20 along the scanning circle S is obtained. On the other hand, since the rotation angle of the rotation shaft 131 is detected by the encoder 140, the position information of the detection wave M on the scanning circle S can be obtained. Then, from the distance information and the position information, a profile of the deposit height along the scanning circle S can be obtained as the surface profile of the charge 20.

The diameter of the scanning circle S shown in FIG. 3 can be arbitrarily changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, it can be changed by the crossing angle θ formed by the propagation axis of the detection wave M and the axis C of the rotation axis 131. Since the propagation axis of the detection wave M transmitted from the antenna 102 is considered to coincide with the line passing through the opening center Ac of the antenna 102 (antenna axis line), the rotation of the antenna axis line when the antenna 102 is attached to the rotating plate 120. Adjust the tilt angle θ _A with respect to the plate 120.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotary plate 120 may have an arcuate cross section and slits 121 may be formed along the radius thereof. The curved rotating plate 120 is installed so that the drive source 130 side is convex. The antenna 102 is attached to the slit 121, but even if the tangent K of the slit 121 at the attachment position and the antenna axis are perpendicular to each other, that is, the inclination angle θ _A ′ of the antenna 102 to the rotating plate 120 is 90 °. good. Also in this case, the crossing angle θ between the antenna axis and the axis C of the rotating shaft 131 changes depending on the mounting position of the antenna 102 in the slit 121, and the diameter of the scanning circle S can be changed.

In the above, the detection wave M is shown by a single straight line, but since the detection wave M is actually transmitted from the antenna 102 with a certain spread, other than the charge 20, for example, the peripheral wall 2a of the opening 2 shown in FIG. It is also reflected on the side wall 1a, and the reflected wave is detected. Further, even on the surface of the charge 20, a reflected wave by an object (for example, a lance) other than the charge around the scanning circle S may be detected. Therefore, for example, it is preferable to perform a correction called "median filter processing".

In this median filtering process, when the measured values (a, b, ..., M, n) are arranged in order from a small value to a large value and the intermediate value is X, the difference between each measured value and the intermediate value X. (A-X, b-X, ... m-X, n-X) are obtained, and the measured values (for example, a and m) whose difference is larger than the preset threshold value are deleted to create a new set. This is a method of treating this new set as an actual measured value. Also in the present invention, by performing the median filter processing, it is possible to remove the measured values that are extremely higher or lower than the height on the original scanning circle.

To explain again with reference to FIG. 1, the distance information by the transmission / reception means 100 is transmitted to an external arithmetic circuit (not shown) by the wireless signal transmission device 150 attached to the rotating plate 120, and is transmitted to the airtight container 160. The position information of the rotating shaft 131 can also be transmitted to the arithmetic circuit by the attached wireless signal transmission device 150. Further, it receives a control signal for controlling the operation of the transmitter / receiver 101 and the rotating shaft 131 from an external control means (not shown). Since the rotation calculation means transmission / reception means 100 rotates together with the rotation plate 120, wireless transmission eliminates the need for wiring for sending distance information to the calculation circuit.

Each component such as the transmission / reception means 100 and the rotary plate 120 is housed in a heat-resistant and pressure-resistant airtight container 160. The rotary plate 120 may be slidably supported by the support plate 161 at its circumferential end.

The airtight container 160 is attached to the opening 2 of the blast furnace 1, through which the suspended matter, iron ore pieces, and coke pieces in the furnace enter. Therefore, it is preferable to close the opening 2 with a material that transmits the detection wave M, for example, a non-breathable partition wall 170 made of ceramic. Further, since floating matter or the like adheres to the partition wall 170, a ceramic filter 180 is attached to the opening 2 side, and a space between the partition wall 170 and the filter 180 is provided through a through hole 163 provided in the mounting portion 162 of the airtight container 160. Nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) or the like may be supplied to the inside of the furnace and ejected into the furnace. As the filter 180, for example, a woven fabric made of "Tyranno fiber" manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd. can be used. This tyranno fiber is a ceramic fiber composed of silicon, titanium or zirconium, carbon, and oxygen.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, there is only one scanning circle S due to the detection wave A, but by making the scanning circles S a plurality of concentric circles, a plurality of profiles of the deposition height along the scanning lines S can be obtained. , By synthesizing each profile, the surface profile of the charge 20 can be known more accurately.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a case where the scanning circle S by the detection wave M is three concentric circles Sa, Sb, and Sc will be described as an example. The apparatus configuration is shown in FIG. 5 according to FIG. 1, but here, only the periphery of the transmission / reception means 100, the rotary plate 120, and the drive source 130 will be described and described. As shown, three transmission / reception means 100a, 100b, and 100c are attached to the rotating plate 120. In the three transmission / reception means 100a, 100b, 100c, three detection waves Ma, Mb, and Mc are transmitted from the respective antennas 102a, 102b, 102c, but the crossing angle θ of the rotation axis 131 with the axis C is different. The intersection angle with the detection wave Ma in the transmission / reception means 100a is θa, the intersection angle with the detection wave Mb in the transmission / reception means 100b is θb, and the intersection angle with the detection wave Mc in the transmission / reception means 100c is θc. In the example shown in the figure, the crossing positions of the axis C of the rotating shaft 131 and the detected waves Ma, Mb, and Mc are different, but the antennas 102a, 102b, and 102c are tilted with respect to the rotating plate 120 so as to be the same. You may adjust the angle. Thereby, the opening area of the opening 2 can be reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotary plate 120 is formed with slits 121a, 121b, and 121c at positions that divide the surface into three equal parts, and the antennas of the transmission / reception means 100a, 100b, and 100c are formed in each of the slits, respectively. 102a, 102b, 102c are attached. At that time, when the rotating plate 120 is a flat disk, the antennas 102a, 102b, 102c of each transmitting / receiving means are placed on the same circle shown by the dotted line in the figure at the crossing angles θa, θb, θc, respectively. Adjust the angle so that it becomes. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the rotating plate 120 is a curved surface, if the mounting positions of the antennas 102a, 102b, 102c to the slits 121a, 121b, 121c, that is, the separation distance from the rotating shaft 131 is changed from each other. good.

As shown in FIG. 7, since the three transmission / reception means 100a, 100b, and 100c scan the surface of the charge 20 with three scanning circles Sa, Sb, and Sc having different diameters from each other, the charge 20 is used. It is possible to know the sedimentation state more accurately.

It should be noted that the scanning by the three transmitting / receiving means 100a, 100b, 100c may be performed simultaneously, or may be switched by a switch and performed in order. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, antennas 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to the transmitters / receivers 101a, 101b, and 101c, respectively, to simultaneously transmit and receive as the transmission / reception means 100a, 100b, 100c, although not shown. , The transmitter / receiver 101 may be used as one, and the antennas 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected and the antennas may be switched by a switch to perform transmission / reception in order.

(Third Embodiment)
Both the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above show a state in which the detection device is installed directly above the opening 2 of the blast furnace 1, but as shown in FIG. 8 in order to avoid heat from the inside of the furnace. A metal reflector 200 having an inclination of, for example, 45 ° with respect to the opening 2 may be installed directly above the opening 2, and the reflector 200 and the detection device may be arranged to face each other. Note that FIG. 8 shows a case where the detection device shown in FIG. 1 is used. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a detection device that scans with a plurality of scanning circles Sa, Sn, and Sc can also be used.

Also in the illustrated detection device, the detection wave transmitted from the antenna 101 of the transmission / reception means 100 is reflected by the reflector 200 and travels into the furnace through the opening 2 as shown by M in the figure, and is charged. It is reflected on the surface of (not shown), and the reflected wave is reflected by the reflector 200 to reach the transmission / reception means 100 and is received.

The present invention has described the charge 20 in the blast furnace 1, that is, the detection device for the surface profile of iron ore and coke, but the detection device has the same configuration as the surface profile of the molten metal in the melting furnace and the incinerator. It can also be applied to the detection of the surface profile of garbage and the surface profile of various storages such as grains in a hopper.

(Operation method)
The present invention also replenishes the charge by bringing the surface profile of the charge detected by the above detection device closer to the theoretical surface profile suitable for stable operation of the blast furnace 1 and the like. Includes stable operation.

For example, in the blast furnace 1, based on the surface profile detected by the detection device, iron ore and coke are replenished in many places less than the theoretical deposit state and less in many places, and the operation is performed.

1 Blast furnace 2 Opening 20 Charges 100, 100a, 100b, 100c Transmission / reception means 101, 101a, 101b, 101c Transmitter / receiver 102, 102a, 102b, 102c Antenna 120 Rotating plate 121, 121a, 121b, 121c Slit 130 Drive source 131 Rotating shaft 140 Encoder 150 Wireless signal transmission device 160 Airtight container 170 Partition 200 Reflector

Claims (9)

A detection wave is transmitted from an opening near the top of the container toward the surface of the charge in the container, and the detection wave reflected on the surface of the charge is received to obtain a surface profile of the charge. In the detection device to detect
A transmitter / receiver for oscillating and detecting the detected wave, and one or more transmitter / receiver means including an antenna connected to each transmitter / receiver.
A rotating plate with the antenna attached toward the opening, and
The rotating shaft attached to the center of the rotating plate and
The rotation axis is provided with a drive source for rotating the axis around the axis, and is provided with a drive source.
A device for detecting a surface profile of a charge, which transmits and receives by the transmission / reception means while rotating the rotating plate, and scans the surface of the charge linearly along a circle. The surface profile detection device for an object according to claim 1, wherein the angle of intersection between the axis of the antenna and the axis of the rotation axis is variable. The surface profile detection device for a charge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmitter / receiver has a plurality of transmitters / receivers, and the diameters of scanning circles scanning the surface of the charge by the detection wave are different from each other. .. The surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transmitter / receiver has a plurality of transmitters / receivers, and the detection waves are simultaneously transmitted / received by the respective antennas. The surface profile detecting device for a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the transmitting / receiving means is connected to a wireless signal transmitter and the transmitted / received information is wirelessly communicated with the outside. The surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the detection wave is a microwave or a millimeter wave. The charge according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a reflector facing both the opening and the rotary plate is arranged in the space between the opening and the rotary plate. Surface profile detector. The surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the container is a blast furnace, a melting furnace, an incinerator or a hopper. The surface profile of the charge is measured by using the surface profile detection device of the charge according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , and the charge is replenished based on the surface profile. Operation method.

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