JP2019100648A - Surface profile detection device for charged material, and operation method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a detection device capable of three-dimensionally detecting the surface profile of a charged material in spite of its simple device constitution without being provided with a reflection board, and a driving apparatus and a control apparatus therefor.SOLUTION: Provided is a detection device comprising: a receiver/transmitter for performing the vibration and detection of detection waves such as microwaves and millimeter waves; one or more receiving/transmitting means provided with an antenna(es) connected to the transceiver; a rotary board mounted with an antenna toward the opening of a container such as a blast furnace; a rotary shaft fitted to the center of the rotary board; and a driving source for rolling the rotary shaft with its shaft axis as the center, where receiving/transmitting by the receiving/transmitting means is performed while rolling the rolling board, and the surface of a charged material is circularly scanned.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is the surface of stored products such as iron ore and coke in blast furnace, metals in melting furnace, refuse in incinerator, grains in hopper (hereinafter collectively referred to as "charge"). The present invention relates to a detection device that detects a profile. The present invention also relates to a method of replenishing the charge and performing stable operation based on the surface profile of the charge.

  For example, in a blast furnace, the fuel cost can be reduced and the life of the furnace body can be extended by appropriately depositing iron ore and coke and stabilizing the flow of gas in the furnace. In order to obtain the proper deposition conditions, it is necessary to accurately measure the surface profile of these charges in a short time, and to replenish the charges so as to achieve the theoretical deposition conditions obtained in advance. Conventionally, as a method of measuring the surface profile, as shown in FIG. 9, a detection wave is directed from the antenna 11 mounted at the tip of the lance 10 inserted into the furnace through the furnace wall 1 toward the surface of the charge 20 M1 is emitted, the reflection detection wave M2 from the surface of the charge 20 is received by the antenna 11, and the distance from the antenna 11 to the surface of the charge 20 is measured by the frequency of the beat wave obtained by mixing The method is general, and the surface profile of the charge 20 is determined by measuring while moving the lance 10.

  However, in the above-described lance detector, since the lance 10 moves linearly, only a linear surface profile of the charge 20, i.e., a two-dimensional surface profile can be obtained. The lance 10 needs to be as long as the inner diameter of the furnace and has a high load. Therefore, if it is inserted in the furnace for a long time, it will hang down due to its own weight and will not come out of the furnace, and the stroke will be large even during movement. , Need a large space outside the furnace. Furthermore, a separate drive unit is required to move the lance 10, which increases the cost of equipment and operation. In addition, since the lance 10 is in the way when replenishing the charge, the charge can not be replenished during profile measurement, and a quick charging operation can not be performed according to the measured surface profile.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the applicant has proposed a detection device 30 in which the antenna 32 of the detection wave transmission / reception means 31 and the reflection plate 33 are disposed opposite to each other. In this detection device 30, the reflection plate 33 has a variable inclination angle X to the inside of the blast furnace 1, and further, the rotation angle Y centered on the antenna axis passing through the center of the opening of the antenna 32 is also variable. By controlling the inclination angle X and the rotation angle Y, the detection wave indicated by symbol M in the figure can scan the surface of the charge 20 concentrically or spirally, and three-dimensional Surface profiles can be detected. Moreover, since the inclination angle X and the rotation angle Y of the reflection plate 33 can be changed at high speed, measurement can be performed in a short time.

Patent No. 5391458 gazette

  However, in the detection device 30 described in Patent Document 1, the tilt angle X and the pivot angle Y must be controlled simultaneously and accurately at high speed, and control of the tilt angle X and the pivot angle Y The load on the drive device and control device of the reflection plate 33 used for

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a detection device capable of three-dimensionally detecting the surface profile of a charge without providing a reflection plate and its driving device or control device, and having a simple device configuration. Do.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following apparatus for detecting the surface profile of the charge and the operation method.
(1) A detection wave is transmitted from the opening near the top of the container toward the surface of the charge in the container, and the detection wave reflected from the surface of the charge is received to In a detection device for detecting a surface profile,
One or more transmission / reception means comprising a transceiver for oscillating and detecting the detection wave, and an antenna connected to the transceiver;
A rotating plate mounted with the antenna directed to the opening;
A rotating shaft attached to the center of the rotating plate;
And a drive source for rotating the rotating shaft about its axis,
An apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge, wherein transmission and reception are performed by the transmitting and receiving means while rotating the rotary plate, and the surface of the charge is scanned in a circle.
(2) The apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge according to the above (1), wherein the crossing angle between the axis of the antenna and the axis of the rotation axis is variable.
(3) The charging according to (1) or (2), wherein the transmitting and receiving means are plural and the diameters of scanning circles for scanning the surface of the charge by the detection wave are different from each other. Surface profile detector for objects.
(4) A plurality of the transmitter-receivers, each of which has the antenna connected thereto, and simultaneously transmits and receives a detection wave, according to any one of the above (1) to (3) Load surface profile detector.
(5) The transmitter / receiver is one, a plurality of the antennas are connected, and the plurality of antennas are switched to sequentially transmit and receive the detection wave. A device for detecting the surface profile of a charge according to any one of the preceding claims.
(6) The charge according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein the transmitting and receiving means is connected to a wireless signal transmitter, and the transmitting and receiving information is communicated to the outside by wireless. Surface profile detection.
(7) The apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge according to any one of (1) to (6) above, wherein the detection wave is a microwave or a millimeter wave.
(8) In any one of the above (1) to (7), a reflective plate facing both the opening and the rotating plate is disposed in the space between the opening and the rotating plate. Device for detecting the surface profile of a charge as described.
(9) The apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge according to any one of the above (1) to (8), wherein the container is a blast furnace, a melting furnace, an incinerator or a hopper.
(10) The surface profile of the charge is measured using the surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of (1) to (9) above, and the charge is determined based on the surface profile. Operation method characterized by supplying
In addition, later. The surface profile detector of the charge may be abbreviated as "detector".

  According to the present invention, there is provided a detection device capable of three-dimensionally detecting the surface profile of a charge while having a simple device configuration.

It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment of the detection apparatus of this invention. It is AA arrow line view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the scanning mode on the charge surface of the detection wave by the detection apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a rotor plate. FIG. 2 is a schematic view according to FIG. 1 of a second embodiment of the detection device of the invention; It is AA arrow line view of FIG. FIG. 6 is a view according to FIG. 3 showing a scanning pattern on a charge surface of detection waves by the detection device of FIG. 5; It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment of the detection apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the conventional lance type | mold detection apparatus. It is the schematic which shows the detection apparatus of patent document 1. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Here, a blast furnace will be described as an example.

First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the detection device of the present invention along the axis of the blast furnace 1, and FIG. 2 is a view on arrow AA of FIG. In the blast furnace 1, iron ore and coke which are charges are deposited in layers alternately.

  The detection device of the present invention includes transmission / reception means 100, a rotary plate 120 attached with the transmission / reception means 100, and a drive source 130 for rotating the rotary plate 120, and an opening 2 in the vicinity of the furnace top of the blast furnace 1 Installed in

  The rotary plate 120 is a disk as shown in FIG. 2, and the rotation shaft 131 of the drive source 130 is attached at the center thereof. The rotary shaft 131 is rotated about the axis by the drive source 130 as shown by the arrow R in the figure, and accordingly the rotary plate 120 is also rotated in the same direction around the rotary shaft 131. Further, an encoder 140 is connected to the rotation shaft 131, and the rotation angle of the rotation shaft 131 is detected by the encoder 140.

  The transmitting and receiving unit 100 includes a transmitter / receiver 101 for oscillating and detecting the detection wave M, and an antenna 102 connected to the transmitter / receiver 101. The antenna 102 is directed to the opening 2 of the blast furnace 1 and the rotating plate 120 is provided. It is attached to the slit 121 (see FIG. 2). Although the transceiver 101 and the antenna 102 are directly connected in the illustrated example, the transceiver 101 may be disposed at an appropriate position on the rotating plate 120 and connected to the antenna 102 by a waveguide or a coaxial cable. Good.

  As the detection wave M, it is preferable to use microwaves or millimeter waves because the inside of the furnace is at a high temperature and a large amount of suspended matter is present. In particular, millimeter waves are preferable because they have a shorter wavelength and higher directivity than microwaves.

  Transmission and reception of the detection wave M can be performed, for example, by the FM-CW method. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the detection wave M oscillated by the transmitter-receiver 101 is transmitted from the antenna 102 (transmission wave), sent into the furnace through the opening 2, and then reflected on the surface of the charge 20 The reflected wave is incident on the antenna 102 and detected by the transmitter / receiver 101, and the distance between the antenna 102 and the surface of the object 20 is measured from the frequency difference (beat frequency) between the transmitted wave and the reflected wave. Ru. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the detection wave M scans the surface of the charge 20 along a circle by transmitting and receiving the detection wave M by the transmitting and receiving means 100 while rotating the rotary plate 120 by the drive source 130. The reflected wave by the charge 20 is detected at each position of the scan circle S, and the distance information to the charge 20 along the scan circle S is obtained. On the other hand, since the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 131 is detected by the encoder 140, position information of the detection wave M on the scanning circle S can be obtained. Then, from the distance information and the position information, a profile of deposition height along the scanning circle S is obtained as the surface profile of the charge 20.

The diameter of the scanning circle S shown in FIG. 3 can be arbitrarily changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, it can be changed by the crossing angle θ formed by the propagation axis of the detection wave M and the axis C of the rotation axis 131. Since the propagation axis of the detection wave M transmitted from the antenna 102 can be considered to coincide with a line (antenna axis) passing through the aperture center Ac of the antenna 102, the antenna axis is rotated when the antenna 102 is attached to the rotating plate 120. The inclination angle θ _A to the plate 120 is adjusted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotary plate 120 may have an arc-shaped cross section, and the slit 121 may be formed along the radius thereof. The curved rotary plate 120 is installed so that the drive source 130 side is convex. Although the antenna 102 is attached to the slit 121, even if the tangent K of the slit 121 at the attachment position and the antenna axis line are perpendicular, that is, the tilt angle θ _A 'of the antenna 102 to the rotary plate 120 is 90 °. Good. Also in this case, the crossing angle θ of the antenna axis and the axis C of the rotation axis 131 changes depending on the mounting position of the antenna 102 to the slit 121, and the diameter of the scanning circle S can be changed.

  In the above, the detection wave M is shown as a single straight line, but in fact the detection wave M is transmitted from the antenna 102 with a certain spread, so other than the charge 20, for example, the peripheral wall 2a of the opening 2 shown in FIG. The side wall 1a is also reflected, and the reflected wave is detected. Also on the surface of the charge 20, a reflected wave from an object (for example, a lance) other than the charge around the scanning circle S may be detected. Therefore, for example, it is preferable to perform correction called “median filtering”.

  In this median filtering process, the measured values (a, b,..., M, n) are arranged in order from small values to large values, and when the intermediate value is X, the difference between each measured value and the intermediate value X Find (a−x, b−x,... M−x, n−x), delete measured values (for example, a and m) whose difference is greater than a preset threshold, and create a new set, This is a method of treating this new set as an actual measurement value. Also in the present invention, median filtering can remove measured values that are extremely higher or lower than the height on the original scanning circle.

  Referring again to FIG. 1, the wireless signal transmission device 150 attached to the rotary plate 120 transmits the distance information by the transmission / reception means 100 to an external arithmetic circuit (not shown) and to the airtight container 160. The position information of the rotary shaft 131 can also be transmitted to the arithmetic circuit by the wireless signal transmission device 150 provided additionally. Further, it receives a control signal for controlling the operation of the transmitter / receiver 101 and the rotary shaft 131 from an external control means (not shown). Since the rotation calculation means transmission / reception means 100 rotates with the rotary plate 120, wireless transmission eliminates the need for wiring for sending distance information to the calculation circuit.

  The components such as the transmission / reception means 100 and the rotary plate 120 described above are accommodated in a heat and pressure resistant airtight container 160. The rotary plate 120 may be slidably supported by the support plate 161 at its circumferential end.

The airtight container 160 is attached to the opening 2 of the blast furnace 1, through which the floating matter, iron ore fragments and coke fragments in the furnace enter. Therefore, it is preferable to close the opening 2 with a material that transmits the detection wave M, for example, a non-air-permeable partition 170 made of ceramic. In addition, since floating matter and the like adhere to the partition wall 170, the ceramic filter 180 is attached to the opening 2 side, and the space between the partition wall 170 and the filter 180 through the through hole 163 provided in the mounting portion 162 of the airtight container 160. Alternatively, nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) or the like may be supplied to the inside of the furnace. In addition, as the filter 180, for example, a woven fabric made of "Chirano fibers" manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd. can be used. This Tyranno fiber is a ceramic fiber consisting of silicon, titanium or zirconium, carbon and oxygen.

Second Embodiment
In the first embodiment described above, the scanning circle S by the detection wave A is one, but by making the scanning circle S a plurality of concentric circles, a plurality of profiles of deposition height along the scanning line S can be obtained. By synthesizing the respective profiles, the surface profile of the charge 20 can be known more accurately.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the case where the scanning circle S by the detection wave M is three concentric circles Sa, Sb, and Sc will be described as an example. The device configuration is shown in FIG. 5 according to FIG. 1, but here only the periphery of the transmitting / receiving means 100, the rotary plate 120 and the drive source 130 will be described and described. As shown, three transmitting and receiving means 100a, 100b and 100c are attached to the rotary plate 120. Although three detection waves Ma, Mb and Mc are transmitted from the respective antennas 102a, 102b and 102c in the three transmitting and receiving means 100a, 100b and 100c, the crossing angles θ with the axis C of the rotation axis 131 are different from each other. It is assumed that the crossing angle with the detection wave Ma in the transmission / reception means 100a is θa, the crossing angle with the detection wave Mb in the transmission / reception means 100b is θb, and the crossing angle with the detection wave Mc in the transmission / reception means 100c is θc. In the example of the figure, the crossing position of the axis C of the rotating shaft 131 and the detection waves Ma, Mb and Mc are different, but the inclination of the antennas 102a, 102b and 102c with the rotating plate 120 is the same. The angle may be adjusted. Thereby, the opening area of the opening 2 can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotary plate 120 is formed with slits 121a, 121b and 121c at positions dividing the surface into three equal parts, and the antennas of the transmitting and receiving means 100a, 100b and 100c are respectively provided for each slit. 102a, 102b, 102c are attached. At that time, when the rotary plate 120 is a flat disk, the antennas 102a, 102b and 102c of the respective transmitting / receiving means are respectively intersected at the crossing angles .theta.a, .theta.b and .theta.c on the same circle shown by the dotted line in FIG. Adjust the angle so that Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the rotary plate 120 is a curved surface, the mounting positions of the antennas 102a, 102b, 102c to the slits 121a, 121b, 121c, ie, the separation distances from the rotary shaft 131 may be mutually changed Good.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the three transmitting / receiving means 100a, 100b, 100c scan the surface of the charge 20 with three scanning circles Sa, Sb, Sc having different diameters, respectively. The deposition state can be known more accurately.

  The scanning by the three transmitting and receiving units 100a, 100b, and 100c may be performed simultaneously, or may be sequentially performed by switching with a switch. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the antennas 102a, 102b, and 102c may be connected to the transceivers 101a, 101b, and 101c, and may be simultaneously transmitted and received as the transmitting and receiving means 100a, 100b, and 100c. Alternatively, one transmitter / receiver 101 may be connected to the antennas 102a, 102b, and 102c, and the switches may be used to switch the antennas to sequentially perform transmission and reception.

Third Embodiment
Although both of the first and second embodiments described above show the state where the detection device is installed immediately above the opening 2 of the blast furnace 1, as shown in FIG. 8 in order to avoid heat from the inside of the furnace. Alternatively, a metal reflecting plate 200 inclined at, for example, 45 ° with respect to the opening 2 may be provided immediately above the opening 2, and the reflecting plate 200 and the detection device may be disposed to face each other. FIG. 8 shows the case where the detection device shown in FIG. 1 is used. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a detection device for scanning with a plurality of scanning circles Sa, Sn, Sc can also be used.

  Also in the detection apparatus shown, the detection wave transmitted from the antenna 101 of the transmission / reception means 100 is reflected by the reflection plate 200 and travels into the furnace through the opening 2 as shown by M in the figure. The reflected wave is reflected on the surface (not shown), and the reflected wave is reflected by the reflecting plate 200 to reach the transmitting and receiving means 100 and received.

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the present invention, a device for detecting the charge 20 in the blast furnace 1, that is, the surface profile of iron ore and coke, this detection device has the same structure, the surface profile of molten metal in the melting furnace, and the incinerator. The present invention can also be applied to the detection of surface profile of waste and surface profiles of various storages such as grains in the hopper.

(How to operate)
In the present invention, the surface profile of the charge detected by the above-mentioned detection device is brought close to the theoretical surface profile suitable for performing a stable operation of the blast furnace 1, etc. Including performing stable operations.

  For example, in the blast furnace 1, based on the surface profile detected by the detection device, the operation is performed by supplying iron ore and coke to a small number of places less than the theoretical deposition state and a small number to many places.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blast furnace 2 Opening part 20 Charge 100, 100a, 100b, 100c Transmission / reception means 101, 101a, 101b, 101c Transmitter / receiver 102, 102a, 102b, 102c Antenna 120 Rotating plate 121, 121a, 121b, 121c Slit 130 Driving source 131 Rotary shaft 140 Encoder 150 Wireless signal transmission device 160 Airtight container 170 Partition wall 200 Reflector

Claims (10)

A detection wave is transmitted from the opening near the top of the container to the surface of the charge in the container, and the detection wave reflected from the surface of the charge is received to obtain a surface profile of the charge In the detection device that detects
One or more transmission / reception means comprising a transceiver for oscillating and detecting the detection wave, and an antenna connected to the transceiver;
A rotating plate mounted with the antenna directed to the opening;
A rotating shaft attached to the center of the rotating plate;
And a drive source for rotating the rotating shaft about its axis,
An apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge, wherein transmission and reception are performed by the transmitting and receiving means while rotating the rotary plate, and the surface of the charge is scanned in a circle.   The apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge according to claim 1, wherein the crossing angle between the axis of the antenna and the axis of the rotation axis is variable.   The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the transmitting and receiving means are provided, and diameters of scanning circles for scanning the surface of the material by the detection waves are different from each other. .   The surface profile of the charge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a plurality of the transmitter-receivers are connected to the respective antennas, and simultaneously transmit and receive detection waves. Detection device.   The transmitter / receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the transmitter / receiver is one, the plurality of antennas are connected, and the plurality of antennas are switched to sequentially transmit and receive a detection wave Device for detecting the surface profile of a charge as described.   The apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transmitting and receiving means is connected to a wireless signal transmitter, and the transmitting and receiving information is wirelessly communicated with the outside.   The apparatus for detecting a surface profile of a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the detection wave is a microwave or a millimeter wave.   The charging plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a reflecting plate facing both the opening and the rotating plate is disposed in a space between the opening and the rotating plate. Surface profile detector.   The said container is a blast furnace, a melting furnace, an incinerator, or a hopper, The surface profile detection apparatus of the charge in any one of Claims 1-8 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The surface profile of the charge is measured using the surface profile detection device for a charge according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the charge is replenished based on the surface profile. How to operate

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